Let’s Program 151 play drum 1 for 0.25 beats change tempo by 20 set tempo to 60 bpm The first drum to play one-quarter of a beat. In the drop-down list, select one of eighteen drums. Change the beat by 20 or more beats per minute. Change the beat by 20 or more beats per minute. Clears all printed and drawn-by-a-pen blocks on the stage. Pull down the Pen. After this command, all actions with a pen will be accompanied by a line on a stage. Move the Pen Up. After this command, an action with pen will not leave any traces on a stage. Set Pen colour. The colour choice can be made using the cursor. Pen Block clear pen down pen up set pen color to The City School 2023-2024
152 set pen size to 1 change pen color by 10 set pen shade to 50 Set Pen size to 1 or more pixel. Change the pen colour to 10 or any other colour. The change in colour is the same as colour effect. Set pen shade to 50%. Block begin program execution. The program executes if the green flag is pressed. Block keyboard control. It is executed if a key chosen from the drop-down menu is pressed. Block Mouse control. It is executed if you click a sprite with the mouse. Event Block when clicked when space key pressed when this sprite clicked Checkpoint Stage is the background that our program runs on. Sprite pane shows all of the sprites that are part of our program. Block Palette contains the blocks that we can use to make our scripts. The City School 2023-2024
Let’s Program 153 Block Cyclic repeat. This block repeats execution of all the scripts it contains. The script will pause for the specified number of seconds. The script will pause for the specified number of seconds. Condition block if. If a condition in the block heading is true, then the blocks which are inside will be executed. Control Block repeat 10 forever if then wait 1 sec Computers operate on what is called a “binary code.” All of the software that runs them is written using only 0’s and 1’s, and there are infinite combinations of these two digits. The City School 2023-2024
6.7. Sample Projects Dance Move when repeat move play drum move steps for beats steps say for sec clicked hello! 2 10 10 1 -10 0.25 play drum 2 for 0.25 beats 154 The City School 2023-2024
Let’s Program Making a Square in Different Line Colours when clicked clear pen down move turn steps degrees go stop set pen color to to x: y: 0 set pen color to set pen color to set pen color to 100 move 100 steps move 100 steps move 100 steps 90 turn 90 degrees turn 90 degrees 0 go to x: 0 y: 0 all 155 The City School 2023-2024
Make a Sprite Jump when this sprite forever wait secs is clicked go to x: -99 y: -1 go to x: -99 y: 56 0.5 wait 0.5 secs 156 The City School 2023-2024
157 Let’s Review My Word Bank! 1. A computer program is a series of instructions that tell a computer to perform an action. 2. Computer programs are a defined set of algorithms or processes that are completed in order to achieve a task. 3. Scratch is a free visual programming language developed to help simplify the process of creating and programming animations, games, music, interactive stories and more. 4. In Scratch, we write programs called scripts. 5. Each SCRIPT controls an object called a sprite. 6. The duplicate button (stamp icon) duplicates anything on the screen. 7. The delete button (scissors icon) deletes anything on the screen. 8. Each object in our program is a sprite. 9. Coding blocks in Scratch are divided into: Motion, Looks, Sound, Pen, Data, Events, Control, Sensing, Operators, and More Blocks. Computer program Scratch Visual programming Script Sprite Stage Script area Block palette The City School 2023-2024
Absolute reference: used when we want to keep a cell, a row or a column constant when copying a formula. Action button: built-in button shapes you can add to a presentation and set to link to another slide, play a sound, or perform a similar action. Adjust to: Reduces or enlarges the drawing page to a specified percentage of actual size for printing only. All tips: informational sections with helpful tutorials and information about the scratch website itself. Autofill: a function of Excel to automatically fill in the next value in the next cell. AutoFit: allows you to set a column’s width to fit its content automatically. AVERAGE: calculates the average (arithmetic mean) of supplied numbers Bar chart: uses horizontal bars to represent data. Block palette: contains the blocks that we can use to make our scripts. Each block represents one instruction in our program Cell: the place in table where rows and columns intersect Charts: allow you to illustrate your workbook data graphically, which makes it easy to visualize comparisons and trends. Closed shape: a shape that is surrounded by a continuous outline, such as a rectangle or circle. Column chart: uses vertical bars to represent data Computer program: computer program is a series of instructions that tell a computer to perform an action. COUNT: used to calculate the number of cells that contain numbers, this function ignores the text values between the cells and only calculates numeric values. Data type: A field’s data type determines what kind of data it can store. Database, also called electronic database, any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a computer. Delete: deletes anything on the screen Document theme: a set of formatting choices that include a set of theme colours, fonts, connector styles and effects. Glossary 158 The City School 2023-2024
Glossary Documents tab bar: all open objects are displayed in tabs on the document tabs bar. Drawing tools section: allows to select objects or text in the document. Duplicate button: duplicates anything on the screen. Edraw max: an extremely powerful all-in-one diagramming tool that can serve all of your purposes. Excel: a spreadsheet program that allows you to store, organize, and analyze information. Field: a way of organizing information by type. First line indent: the first line of a paragraph is indented more than the other lines in the paragraph. Fit sheet on one page: allows the worksheet to be condensed to fit onto a single page Fit to: Fits each drawing in the print job on the specified number of sheets across and down. Forms: are like display cases in stores that make it easier to view or get the items that you want. Function: a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order. Grid: The grid helps to position shape more precisely. Hanging indent: when the first line is not indented while all the subsequent lines of the paragraph are indented from the left margin of the page. Indent markers: allow you to indent paragraphs to the location you want. Indentation: adds structure to documents by separating the information. Kerning: the amount of space between each character that you type. Layers: help you deal with different groups of shapes. LEN: used to count the number of characters in a text string and able to count letters, numbers, special characters, non-printable characters, and all spaces from an excel cell. Line chart: is used for showing trends MAX: returns the largest value from a supplied range of cells. 159 The City School 2023-2024
Microsoft Access: an easy-to-use tool for creating business applications either from templates or from scratch. MIN: returns the smallest value from a supplied range of cell. NOW: displays the current date and time. Open shape: a shape such as a line, arc, or zigzag. Page layout: allows to change page layout, change the page setup, theme and background. Pie chart: makes it easy to compare proportions PowerPoint: a computer program that allows you to create and show slides to support a presentation. Print layout: is the default layout and the one you see most often. Read mode: is optimized for reading a document on the computer screen. Record navigation bar: allows you to navigate records one at a time. Record: is one unit of information. Reports: offer a way to view, format, and summarize the information in your Microsoft Access database. Right indent: indents the paragraph on the right by the amount you choose. Scratch: is a free visual programming language developed to help simplify the process of creating and programming animations, games, music, interactive stories and more. Script: programs in scratch Sprite: Each object in our program is a sprite. Sprite: pane shows all of the sprites that are part of our program Stage: is the background that our program runs on. SUM: used to find the total of numbers entered in a range of cells. Table: a grid of cells arranged in rows and columns. Text wrapping: automatically modifies a cell’s row height, allowing cell contents to be displayed on multiple lines. Theme: a predefined combination of colours, fonts, and effects. Themes section: allows to change overall style of the entire document, including colours, style and fonts. Turbo mode: sets the player into Turbo Mode, where the code is executed very quickly. Web layout: is suitable if you are designing a web page in Word. Web Layout view shows how your document will look like a web page. 160 The City School 2023-2024
Glossary Word processor: is a software or device that allows users to create, edit, and print documents. WordArt: refers to the effects on the text inside of a text box. Zoom: allows you to view the document closer or farther away. 161 The City School 2023-2024
The ICTECH curriculum engages students at technical and practical level, equipping them with skills required in areas of research, publication designing and prediction. The computing curriculum aims at teaching principles of information and computation, how digital systems work and how to put this knowledge to use through programming. ICTECH activities incorportae a range of technology skills into student learning such as word processing, programming, Animation, Programming, Spreadsheets, Photoediting, Desktop Publishing, Digital Citizenship, Databases, Operating system, Robotics, and Presentation Skills. Microsoft MICROSOFT SCHOOLS We are a Microsoft School Microsoft