Photo 5. Damaged Insulation at boiler pipelines
10 Boiler feed water tank needs to be insulated on priority.
Photo 6. Feed Water tank
Photo 6. Feed Water Tank
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4.2 Heat Loss Assessment from Boiler and Steam Distribution Pipeline – Dairy Plant
Table 16. Heat loss assessment - Boiler
2
Sr. no. Description Diameter, m Length (m) Avg. Temp, °C Ambient temp., °C Area, m Heat loss,
kcal/hr
1 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 70.5 40 8.05 2231.51
2 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 163.81 40 4.83 8133.84
3 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 56.18 40 3.22 431.6
4 Utility steam supply header 12" 5 108.78 40 6.44 4843.83
5 Condensate return line 1.5" 3 91.9 40 3.86 2031.3
6 Condensate return line 1.5" 12 52.98 40 5.31 556.51
7 Feed water tank 1.5 2.95 85.41 40 13.89 6199.71
8 Feed water line to feed pump 2” 2 84.45 40 0.96 417.45
9 Near to boiler, bare surface 2” 2 100.74 40 0.96 615.6
10 Boiler surface skin losses – peripheral side 2.1 5.65 56.94 40 37.25 5257.38
11 Boiler surface skin losses – rear side 2.1 - 73.84 40 3.461 1084.49
12 Boiler surface skin losses – front side 2.1 - 141.53 40 3.461 4391.03
13 Boiler line bare surface 2” 2 116.45 40 0.96 829.09
Total Heat loss, kcal/hr 37023.34
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4.2 Heat Loss Assessment from Boiler and Steam Distribution Pipeline – Dairy Plant
Table 16. Heat loss assessment - Boiler
2
Sr. no. Description Diameter, m Length (m) Avg. Temp, °C Ambient temp., °C Area, m Heat loss,
kcal/hr
1 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 70.5 40 8.05 2231.51
2 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 163.81 40 4.83 8133.84
3 Boiler house steam supply header 6" 10 56.18 40 3.22 431.6
4 Utility steam supply header 12" 5 108.78 40 6.44 4843.83
5 Condensate return line 1.5" 3 91.9 40 3.86 2031.3
6 Condensate return line 1.5" 12 52.98 40 5.31 556.51
7 Feed water tank 1.5 2.95 85.41 40 13.89 6199.71
8 Feed water line to feed pump 2” 2 84.45 40 0.96 417.45
9 Near to boiler, bare surface 2” 2 100.74 40 0.96 615.6
10 Boiler surface skin losses – peripheral side 2.1 5.65 56.94 40 37.25 5257.38
11 Boiler surface skin losses – rear side 2.1 - 73.84 40 3.461 1084.49
12 Boiler surface skin losses – front side 2.1 - 141.53 40 3.461 4391.03
13 Boiler line bare surface 2” 2 116.45 40 0.96 829.09
Total Heat loss, kcal/hr 37023.34
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Table 17. Energy Cost-Benefit Analysis for Insulation
Financial
Sr.no. Description
Analysis
Total heat loss through Boiler and its connected uninsulated
1 30777.85
surface, kcal/hr
2 The calorific value of LPG, kcal/kg 10799
3 LPG quantity waste for the above heat loss, kg/hr 2.85
4 Total running hours of boiler burner per day, hr 12
5 Loss of LPG cost per year, OMR 350
With proper insulation to existing oven system, we can save 30% of
6 9233.35
existing heat loss, kcal/hr
7 Amount of LPG saves through proper insulation, kg/annum 3745
9 Savings of LPG per annum, OMR 472
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5. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF BLOW MOULDING MACHINES
5.1 Blow Moulding Machine – 1
Table 18. Energy Performance Assessment of Blow Moulding Machine – 1
Sr. no. Blow Moulding Machine 1 Value
1 Name AOKI - 1
2 Product 500 ml White Bottles
3 Weight of 1 bottle, gm 27.58
4 Measurement Time, min 6
5 Time of production for 8 bottles, sec 14.28
6 Total bottles produced in measured time 202
7 Energy consumed, kW 32.45
8 Specific Energy Consumption, kW/kg 5.8
5.2 Blow Moulding Machine – 2
Table 19. Energy Performance Assessment of Blow Moulding Machine – 2
Sr. no. Blow Moulding Machine 2 Value
1 Name AOKI - 2
2 Product 200 ml White Bottles
3 Weight of 1 bottle, gm 14.972
4 Measurement Time, min 7.88
5 Time of production for 9 bottles, sec 13.14
6 Total bottles produced in measured time 324
7 Energy consumed, kW 33.897
8 Specific Energy Consumption, kW/kg 7.0
5.3 Blow Moulding Machine – 3
Table 20. Energy Performance Assessment of Blow Moulding Machine – 3
Sr. no. Blow Moulding Machine 3 Value
1 Name AOKI - 3
2 Product 200 ml White Bottles
3 Weight of 1 bottle, gm 14.972
4 Measurement Time, min 7.5
5 Time of production for 9 bottles, sec 13.2
6 Total bottles produced in measured time 307
7 Energy consumed, kW 35.843
8 Specific Energy Consumption, kW/kg 7.8
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5.4 Blow Moulding Machine – 4
Table 21. Energy Performance Assessment of Blow Moulding Machine – 4
Sr. no. Blow Moulding Machine 4 Value
1 Name ASB
2 Product 200 ml White Bottles
3 Weight of 1 bottle, gm 14.972
4 Measurement Time, min 2
5 Time of production for 14 bottles, sec 11.5
6 Total bottles produced in measured time 146
7 Energy consumed, kW 34.74
8 Specific Energy Consumption, kW/kg 15.9
5.5 Observations and Recommendations
a. The comparison between the Aoki machines has been made as follows.
Sr. No. Machine SEC (kW/kg) %Deviation from Best SEC
1 Aoki – 1 5.8 -
2 Aoki – 2 7.0 20.7
3 Aoki – 3 7.8 34.5
4 ASB 15.9 174.14
b. It has been observed that the SEC of the machine Aoki – 1 has been found to be the least
whereas the ASB machine consumed approximately 174% more than the machine Aoki – 1.
The Specific Energy Consumption of the machines must be matched with the manufacturer’s rated
consumption so as to find the difference between them.
.
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6. AL NAJD AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT CO. – ENERGY AUDIT
6.1 Production
The Hanfeet Farm of Al Najd Agricultural Development Co. is a major producer of two types of grasses viz.
Rhodes Grass and Alfalfa. The farm is spread over an area of 117.65 acres. The farming of these grasses is
carried out with the use of sprinkler system. This sprinkler system is operated by submersible pumps which
pumps the water from bore wells and supplies it to the system. The system consists of total 40 pumps used
for pumping water for irrigation.
Rhodes Grass Production
1,600
1,400
1,200
Production (MT) 1,000
800
600
400
200
0
Month
Figure 6. Rhodes Grass Production
6.2 Electrical Infrastructure and Consumption
Al Najd receives power at 33 kV as a main input and is given to the plant through 200 kVA, 100 kVA, 500 kVA
and 1000 kVA transformers with a quantity of 29, 12, 1 and 2 nos. respectively. The power is then transferred
to other areas of the plant. The pie chart of electrical distribution is given below.
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Electrical Distribution - Pie Chart -
Hanfeet Farm
1% 2%
2%
Admin
Green House
Staff Accomodation
Pumping Towers
95%
Figure 7. Electrical Distribution – Pie Chart – Hanfeet Farm
From the above pie chart, it can be seen that the total load is of pumping water for irrigation purpose.
6.3 Specific Energy Consumption
Based on the historical data, a relation was developed between the electrical energy consumption and the
production of various products in the PET plant. The relation is called as Specific Energy Consumption which
defines the energy consumption per kg of product produced. Also, a deduction was made between the best
SEC and the worst SEC.
From the below table, it can be deducted that the Specific Energy Consumption of the PET plant is not in
control and the % deviation of SEC from the best SEC was up to 88% at most. Proper monitoring of the energy
is required for the plant so that energy utilization as per the production is optimized.
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Table 22. Specific Energy Consumption – Hanfeet Farm
Sr. Electricity SEC % Deviation
No. Month Production (MT) Consumption (kWh) (kWh/MT) from best SEC
1 Jul-17 874 1200000 1373.5 72.21
2 Aug-17 1,002 1060000 1058.2 63.93
3 Sep-17 403 1340000 3325.1 88.52
4 Oct-17 946 620000 655.3 41.76
5 Nov-17 777 760000 977.6 60.96
6 Dec-17 611 580000 949.9 59.82
7 Jan-18 524 200000 381.7 0.00
8 Feb-18 510 540000 1058.1 63.93
9 Mar-18 1,276 580000 454.7 16.07
10 Apr-18 1,486 1200000 807.5 52.74
11 May-18 1,078 763400 708.3 46.12
Specific Energy Consumption - Hanfeet Farm
1600
1400
1200
1000
y = 244.32x + 593247
Electricity Consumption (kWh x 10 3 ) 800
600
400
200
0
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600
Production (MT)
Figure 8. Specific Energy Consumption – Hanfeet Farm
Fixed Consumption – From the statistical analysis in the above table and graph, it can be deduced
that ideally when there is no production going on, the minimum energy consumed by the plant is
593247 kWh/month. This energy consumption is considered to be a constant energy consumption.
This fixed consumption of electricity amounts to 16611 OMR/month
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6.4 Electrical Power Measurement
The electrical power measurement was carried out at the 33 kV incomer to the plant. It was found that
the operating power factor was below 0.9. This reduction in power factor is because of the deration of
capacitors with time.
Observations:
U RMS (kV) A RMS (A) A THD (%) U THD (%) PF kW kVA kVAr
SR NO FEEDER NAME
R Y B R Y B AVG AVG AVG AVG MAX AVG MAX AVG MAX
1 Main Incomer - 33 kV 32.09 31.91 32 49.31 48.85 48.76 1.20 1.54 0.844 2290 2310 2715 2740 1457 1473
2 Admin Panel 426.04 423.82 424.43 47.37 59.02 44.65 8.48 0.89 0.88 31.28 52.3 35.5 58.14 16.4 26.18
3 Green House Panel 424.71 423.96 422.78 111.98 61.16 57.19 5.88 0.83 0.733 41.34 42.37 56.36 57.14 37.51 37.78
4 Staff Accomodation Panel 429.07 426.93 427.08 42.31 50.66 62.9 8.42 0.86 0.883 33.28 50.52 37.66 56.27 17.21 24.33
5 Pump Tower no. 6 415.87 413.57 413.58 154.56 146.84 149.76 1.56 0.76 0.823 88.8 89.33 107.35 108.69 61.25 61.92
6 Pump 55 kW 411.48 409.28 408.7 108.45 105.31 106.81 2.01 1.05 0.837 63.52 63.59 75.73 76.01 41.21 41.63
7 Pump 67 kW 410.95 408.91 408.41 110.49 106.8 107.86 1.89 0.99 0.827 63.56 63.63 76.86 77.02 43.15 43.42
1. Average power consumption by the plant is about 2.29 MW during the audit phase.
2. Also, it is seen that there is an average minimum reactive power requirement of 1.457
MVAr during normal running conditions at the main incomer.
3. An individual power tower required an average kVAr requirement of 61.25 kVAr and the
pumps of 55 kW and 67 kW required 41.21 kVAr and 43.15 kVAr respectively.
4. It is recommended to add APFC banks to the circuit so that kVAr requirement by the
pump motors can be met
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6.4 Electrical Power Measurement
The electrical power measurement was carried out at the 33 kV incomer to the plant. It was found that
the operating power factor was below 0.9. This reduction in power factor is because of the deration of
capacitors with time.
Observations:
U RMS (kV) A RMS (A) A THD (%) U THD (%) PF kW kVA kVAr
SR NO FEEDER NAME
R Y B R Y B AVG AVG AVG AVG MAX AVG MAX AVG MAX
1 Main Incomer - 33 kV 32.09 31.91 32 49.31 48.85 48.76 1.20 1.54 0.844 2290 2310 2715 2740 1457 1473
2 Admin Panel 426.04 423.82 424.43 47.37 59.02 44.65 8.48 0.89 0.88 31.28 52.3 35.5 58.14 16.4 26.18
3 Green House Panel 424.71 423.96 422.78 111.98 61.16 57.19 5.88 0.83 0.733 41.34 42.37 56.36 57.14 37.51 37.78
4 Staff Accomodation Panel 429.07 426.93 427.08 42.31 50.66 62.9 8.42 0.86 0.883 33.28 50.52 37.66 56.27 17.21 24.33
5 Pump Tower no. 6 415.87 413.57 413.58 154.56 146.84 149.76 1.56 0.76 0.823 88.8 89.33 107.35 108.69 61.25 61.92
6 Pump 55 kW 411.48 409.28 408.7 108.45 105.31 106.81 2.01 1.05 0.837 63.52 63.59 75.73 76.01 41.21 41.63
7 Pump 67 kW 410.95 408.91 408.41 110.49 106.8 107.86 1.89 0.99 0.827 63.56 63.63 76.86 77.02 43.15 43.42
1. Average power consumption by the plant is about 2.29 MW during the audit phase.
2. Also, it is seen that there is an average minimum reactive power requirement of 1.457
MVAr during normal running conditions at the main incomer.
3. An individual power tower required an average kVAr requirement of 61.25 kVAr and the
pumps of 55 kW and 67 kW required 41.21 kVAr and 43.15 kVAr respectively.
4. It is recommended to add APFC banks to the circuit so that kVAr requirement by the
pump motors can be met
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6.5 Illumination
An illumination survey was conducted at the premises and a detailed analysis was made to achieve
savings by replacing the currently installed lights with energy efficient LEDs.
Table 23. Current Illumination Scenario
Total
Sr. No. Area Lighting (Watt) Quantity
(Watt)
1 IT Office 80 2 160
2 IT Store 80 2 160
3 GM Office 80 4 320
4 Administrator Office 80 4 320
5 Kitchen 36 3 108
6 Finance 80 4 320
7 Washroom 20 7 140
8 Corridor 80 15 1200
9 Meeting Hall 80 8 640
10 HR 80 2 160
11 HR and Admin 80 4 320
12 Finance 80 4 320
13 Sales 80 4 320
14 GM Office 80 8 640
15 Conference 80 8 640
Table 24. Energy Savings by LEDs
LED Replacement
Sr. No. Area Savings/annum
Watts Qty Savings (W)
(OMR)
1 IT Office 30 2 50 23.6
2 IT Store 30 2 50 23.6
3 GM Office 30 4 50 47.2
4 Administrator Office 30 4 50 47.2
5 Kitchen 14 3 22 15.6
6 Finance 30 4 50 47.2
7 Washroom 8 7 12 19.8
8 Corridor 30 15 50 177.0
9 Meeting Hall 30 8 50 94.4
10 HR 30 2 50 23.6
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11 HR and Admin 30 4 50 47.2
12 Finance 30 4 50 47.2
13 Sales 30 4 50 47.2
14 GM Office 30 8 50 94.4
15 Conference 30 8 50 94.4
Total 849.6
savings OMR/annum
6.6 Energy Performance Assessment of Submersible Pumps
The energy performance assessment of 3 types of submersible pumps viz. 92 kW, 67 kW and 55 kW was
carried out.
6.6.1 Energy Performance Assessment – Irrigation Submersible Pumps
Table 25. Energy Performance Assessment – Irrigation Submersible Pumps
Description Hanfeet farm Irrigation Submersible pumps
Irrigation Submersible pumps Total no. of irrigation Submersible pumps are of
a) 92 kW – 28 pumps
b) 67 kW – 02 pumps;
c) 55 kW – 10 pumps
For Pivot purpose,
d) 10 kW – 02 & 7.5 kW – 02 booster pumps.
Pump status Presently all pumps are in running condition for not less than 22 hrs.
Single pump from Each kW rating is taken pump analysis.
Pump no. HAD – 44 (For CP-4) Pump no. HAD – 44 (For CP-4), bore well depth 200 mtr
Make NA
Type Submersible
Size NA
Head NA
3
Capacity, m /hr 93
RPM NA
Power, kW 92
Observations
Line size, inch 6
Pipe perimeter, mm 530
MOC of pipe SS
Transducer Method Z method
Transducer Spacing, mm 79
3
Flow observed, m /hr 85.56
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Velocity, m/s 1.24
Signal UP 743: DN 745: Q 77 R
Time 12:30 pm / 21.06.2018
3
Observed Flow, m /hr 85.56
Observed Motor Power, kW 89.56
2
Head, kg/cm (g) 3
Motor Loading % 87.61
Hydraulic power generated, kW 24.01
Shaft power, kW 80.60
Pump Efficiency, % 26.81 %
Pump no. HAD – 14 (CP 9 ) Submersible pump HAD – 14 (CP 9 ), bore well depth 160 mtr
Make NA
Type Submersible
Sr.no. NA
Size NA
Head NA
Capacity NA
RPM NA
Power, kW 55
Observations
Line size, inch 6
Pipe perimeter, mm 530
MOC of pipe SS
Transducer Method Z method
Transducer Spacing, mm 79
3
Flow observed, m /hr 84
Velocity, m/s 1.23
Signal UP 853 : DN 854: Q 88 R
Time 02:30 pm / 21.06.2018
3
Observed Flow, m /hr 84
Observed Motor Power, kW 63 kW
2
Head, kg/cm (g) 5.0
Motor Loading % 103
Hydraulic power generated, kW 24.03
Shaft power, kW 63
Pump Efficiency, % 38.15 %
Pump no. HAD – 40 (CP 15 ) Submersible pump HAD – 40 (CP 15 ), bore well depth 200 mtr
Make NA
Type Submersible
Sr. No. NA
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Size NA
Head NA
Capacity NA
RPM NA
Power, kW 67
Observations
Line size, inch 6
Pipe perimeter, mm 530
MOC of pipe SS
Transducer Method Z method
Transducer Spacing, mm 79 mm
3
Flow observed, m /hr 81.18
Velocity, m/s 1.21 mtr/sec
Signal UP 627: DN 629: Q 74 R
Time 04:30 pm / 21.06.2018
3
Observed Flow, m /hr 81.18
Observed Motor Power , Kw 63.20
2
Head, kg/cm (g) 3.0
Motor Loading % 84.89
Hydraulic power generated, kW 22.78
Shaft power, kW 56.88
Pump Efficiency, % 36.05 %
6.6.2 Observations and Recommendations
a. The water level below the ground was considered to be 100 m as there was no option
to measure the ground water level.
b. For better performance of submersible pumps, facility dept. should check the
condition of impeller i.e. in terms of wear and tear of suction casing of the pump along
with pump internals.
c. Pump effectiveness totally depends on the system resistance. To reduce the system
pressure drop, periodical internal descaling of water supply piping is necessary.
Present pump efficiencies for submersible water supply pump HAD – 44 (CP -4), HAD –
14 (CP – 14) and HAD – 40 (CP-15) are 26.81 %, 36.81% and 36.05% respectively.
d. During every preventive maintenance of cooling tower, pl. check spray nozzle
condition.
Algae, scale growth inside the water supply piping are one of major reason for pressure drop
in the water supply system. Its recommended to clean periodically entire piping system with
chemical and biocide treatment. It obstacles the flow through cooling tower and ultimately
reduces capacity, creates chocking problems
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a. and retardation of performance. It is recommended to start effective chemical treatment
programme.
b. A certain reference pump curves for the data provided for the same submersible pumps is
provided below.
Figure 9. Grundfos Submersible Pump Curve
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Figure 10. KSB Submersible Pump Curve
a. From the above pump curves, it is seen that the pump gave an average efficiency of about
67%
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7. TECHNICAL EVALUATION AND FEASIBILITY FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY
7.1 Site Details
7.1.1 Location
7.1.2 Information on Available Grid Power
7.1.3 Building/roof information relating to the facility
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7.2 Project at A Glance
7.3 System Components
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7.4 Scope of Work
Design, Engineering, Optimization, Supply, Erection, Testing and commissioning of the following major
equipment/system is included in our scope of work. The scope shown below is for a typical Solar PV based
Power generation unit.
Table 26. System Description
7.5 Solar Power Plant Layout
Solar cells convert the sun light into electricity in DC form. To enhance power these cells are electrically
connected & encapsulated in single, long-lasting, stable unit called Solar Modules. These Solar Modules are
connected to spiral the power as per desired level. Specially designed Solar Inverter is utilized to converts this
DC power into Alternating
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Current. This Alternating Current is fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local off-grid electrical
network.
Figure 11. Solar Photovoltaic System
Solar Photovoltaic uses the light available from the Sun to generate electricity and then feed into the
load. Power can to feed into the grid back in case of Net-Metering. Solar Module converts the solar light/
photon into DC form of electricity. This DC power of the Solar Arrays fed into the Inverter to convert it to AC
form, and then it synchronizes with main electricity GRID. In case of Grid failure, low or high voltage
fluctuation the SPV power plant will be out of the synchronization shall be disconnect from the Grid. Inverter is
equipped with Grid Islanding protection to disconnect it from main Grid in case of no Grid power and
fluctuating power to make system accident proof. Once the DG supply come, SPV Power Plant get synchronize
with DG. Load requirement would be met to the extent of Power availability from Sun. A Communication
interface is integrated to access the SPV power plant globally called remote monitoring.
7.6 Other Details
Area required:
The total area required for the System Installation mentioned below without any shadows,
RCC/Sheet Metal Roof:
7.7 Structural Anchoring
Structure will be mounted either on roof steel shed having fixed tilt angle as per roof terrain or on RCC with
standard anchor bolts. The structure is designed in such a manner that module can be replaced easily and in
line with site requirements that, it must be easy to
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install and service in future. The frames will be supported by angle legs of suitable lengths to provide
the pre-determined inclination. All fasteners, nut and bolts are made of HDG MS/ Aluminum or
Stainless steel – SS.
(Actual Site Photo of 944 KWp installed by us @ Pune, India)
7.8 Inverter Installation
Based on the initial site visit, the inverters could possibly be installed in the plant premises. The
inverter is available in IP65 housing. Actual installation location and methods will be determined
during full design phase.
It is installed in such a way that Operator can access it easily and do maintenance.
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7.8.1.1 Electrical Component:
Proposed armoured AC cable and standard solar grade DC cable will be utilised for wiring. Most of cables will
be wired openly in the trench and if required then can be underground. A brief layout and SLD has been
shown above. Detailed electrical design with single-line diagram and specifications will be prepared during full
design phase after receiving the PO, for the client’s approval.
7.9 Safety Guidelines followed by us
a. Modules and structures will be properly grounded as required.
b. Inverters have inbuild protections for high voltage and surges.
c. Before AC cable termination MCB and MCCB protection is there.
d. Module are interconnected through IP-65 rated MC4/ MC3 connectors.
e. Cables will be terminated with proper lugs and PVC or as per equipment recomendation.
f. Each cable have PVC cable marker.
g. IP65 and UV protected, PC made ACDB eclosoure.
h. Adequate pathways will be there for module cleaning and SOP will be provided for the cleaning
purposes for zero accidents.
i. Maitenance free chemical earth rods will be utilized.
j. Propoer class room training and live demostration to operators.
k. Entire BOM is as per there specified national and international standards.
l. Customer prior approvals during design phase.
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7.10 Exclusion (Scope of Client)
Site-specific considerations will require assistance and cooperation from the customer; as outlined
below:
1. Provide access to work site for delivery of equipment and materials prior to and during
project implementation.
2. Facilitate access of work crew to the work site 7 days a week.
3. Facilitate interfacing with the client’s resident engineering staff for consultation as needed.
4. Government Clearances, Approvals if any, required for the Project.
5. Power and Water to be provided by customer during installation and commissioning.
6. Material storage and Security of system during installation and commissioning.
7. Security of Power plant during O&M period.
8. Recommended & Mandatory Spares during O&M.
9. AC cable more than 100 meters (Control room must be within 30-40 meter of Inverter and
Modules).
10. Metering system for power export and weather monitoring system if required.
11. Any other extra structure weight due to its elevation in any direction or height, will have
additional cost.
12. Roof height >10meter from ground.
13. All roof access ladders, safety barricading & walkway .
14. Installation works will start once there should be adequate access to roof, and to provide the
way to access roof is in customer scope.
15. Any civil & Fabrication work required during execution.
7.11 Delivery Schedule
Installation & Commissioning
All the System will be installed within 120 days from the date of receipt of Authorised Purchase
Order along with advance and approval of the specifications.
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7.12 Pricing Overview
Quotation for 1000 KWp Roof Top Solar Power Plant on Turnkey basis:
Date: 20th July -2018.
To,
M/S- Dhofar Cattle Feed Company
Salalah, Oman
System Installation: System will be supplied and same will be installed by us. Installation Charges included.
Excise Duty/Custom duty: Extra as actual.
Service Tax/WCT: Extra as actual
Sales tax/VAT: Extra as actual
Delivery: Dispatch will be affected in 60 days from the date of acceptance of your Purchase order. (P.O) on
F.O.R. basis at the site.
Validity: This offer is valid for 30 days from the date hereof.
Warranty:
The Solar modules are warranted by the solar panel manufacturer for a period of 15 years from the date of
shipment. The details are as below
Solar Modules: Manufacturing Warrantee for the System: 15 yrs from the date of shipment.
Performance Warrantee:
a. 90% efficiency up to 10 years
b. 80% efficiency up to 25 years
Inverter: 1 year from the date of shipment
Balance of the Systems: Standard 12 months’ warrantee against manufacturing defects. We shall also ensure
supply of Spares for the System for the required.
Service: Service shall be warranted for 1-year period from the date of commissioning.
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Special Notes:
1. VEDANT ELECTRICALS ensures the installation of the proposed Solar Power Plants and related
infrastructure will meet all accepted standards.
2. Offered price of OMR 328.00- per Kilo Watt is for the 1.00 MWp Solar Roof Top Power Plant
considering tier-1 BOM (Best quality) and cost will surely vary as per variation in plant size and
BOM quality.
3. The above Bill of Material is proposed on the basis of general information which may alter
during the detailed engineering.
4. Special design and customized structure will be charged separately if required.
5. Control room must be within 10 meter of installed Inverter and Modules.
6. Actual SPV Power plant capacity may vary during engineering design.
Payment Terms:
1. 50% Advance.
2. 40% on dispatch of materials through secured through LC and invoice.
3. 10% after installation and commissioning.
4. All taxes as per government norms are charged at actual.
5. In the event Order is cancelled after design approvals, buyer shall be liable to pay an amount
totalling to 50% of contract value. No cancellation is allowed once the material shipments are
executed, any cancellation in this period, shallbe liable for 100% of preoject value.
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7.13 Panel Layout
Figure 12. Solar Panel Layout
PAGE|75 www.fosterms.com
7.14 Month-wise Generation
Figure 13. Month-wise Electricity Generation – Solar PV plant
7.15 Simulation:
www.fosterms.com PAGE|76
7.16 Annual Production
Figure 14. Annual Generation – Solar PV Plant
PAGE|77 www.fosterms.com
7.17 Pricing Overview
Assumptions
1 Avg. unit rate considered 0.025 Baiza
2 Financial evaluation period consider 5 year and 6 Month.
3 Project cost of OMR 328080.00 including all.
4 Project cost incurred on Sept 2018 and power generation commence from April-2019
Avg. Unit Generation per day is 5632 units for 1.37 MW installed capacity and 0.75 % unit
5
degradation per succeeding year
6 Operation & Maintenance cost 3% of Total Project Cost and increased 5 % per annum.
7 20% project cost from own fund and 80% from Loan, interest rate consider PA 4%.
8 Loan repayment start from April-19 in 48 equal instalments.
Table 27. CAPEX and OPEX cost for Solar PV plant
Plant Name Dhofar Cattle Feed Company
DISCOM Landed Cost OMR/Unit 0.025
Solar Rooftop Capacity (Considering your Daytime consumption & 1000
Available roof area) in kWp
Estimated Investment OMR 3,28,080.00
Loan 80% of Project Cost Debt Equity Ratio 80 : 20 in OMR 2,62,464.00
Own Capital Rs. in OMR 65,616.00
CAPEX Estimated Unit Generation P.A In No's 15,21,910
Cost of power Generation based on prevailing rate of DISCOM in 38,047.75
OMR
Interest Cost @ 4% P.A. in OMR 10,498.56
O & M & Insurance cost in OMR 9,842.40
Cash Profit in OMR 17,706.79
Tariff in first year in OMR/KWh 0.02
OPEX Saving per Unit in OMR 0.005
Electricity Cost Saving Per Year in OMR 7,609.55
www.fosterms.com PAGE|78
Table 28. ROI for Solar PV Plant
Yearly
No of Principal Repayment Interest Cum
Month Outstanding Int in
Instalments Amount Principal @4% Interest
OMR
1 Apr-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 862.90
2 May-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 1725.79
3 Jun-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 2588.69
4 Jul-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 3451.58
5 Aug-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 4314.48
6 Sep-19 2,62,464.00 2,62,464.00 862.90 5177.37
7 Oct-19 2,62,464.00 5,468.00 2,56,996.00 862.90 6040.27
8 Nov-19 2,56,996.00 5,468.00 2,51,528.00 844.92 6885.19
9 Dec-19 2,51,528.00 5,468.00 2,46,060.00 826.94 7712.13
10 Jan-20 2,46,060.00 5,468.00 2,40,592.00 808.96 8521.09
11 Feb-20 2,40,592.00 5,468.00 2,35,124.00 790.99 9312.08
12 Mar-20 2,35,124.00 5,468.00 2,29,656.00 773.01 10085.09 10085.09
13 Apr-20 2,29,656.00 5,468.00 2,24,188.00 755.03 10840.12
14 May-20 2,24,188.00 5,468.00 2,18,720.00 737.06 11577.18
PAGE|79 www.fosterms.com
15 Jun-20 2,18,720.00 5,468.00 2,13,252.00 719.08 12296.26
16 Jul-20 2,13,252.00 5,468.00 2,07,784.00 701.10 12997.36
17 Aug-20 2,07,784.00 5,468.00 2,02,316.00 683.13 13680.49
18 Sep-20 2,02,316.00 5,468.00 1,96,848.00 665.15 14345.64
19 Oct-20 1,96,848.00 5,468.00 1,91,380.00 647.17 14992.81
20 Nov-20 1,91,380.00 5,468.00 1,85,912.00 629.19 15622.00
21 Dec-20 1,85,912.00 5,468.00 1,80,444.00 611.22 16233.22
22 Jan-21 1,80,444.00 5,468.00 1,74,976.00 593.24 16826.46
23 Feb-21 1,74,976.00 5,468.00 1,69,508.00 575.26 17401.72
24 Mar-21 1,69,508.00 5,468.00 1,64,040.00 557.29 17959.01 7873.92
25 Apr-21 1,64,040.00 5,468.00 1,58,572.00 539.31 18498.32
26 May-21 1,58,572.00 5,468.00 1,53,104.00 521.33 19019.65
27 Jun-21 1,53,104.00 5,468.00 1,47,636.00 503.36 19523.01
28 Jul-21 1,47,636.00 5,468.00 1,42,168.00 485.38 20008.39
29 Aug-21 1,42,168.00 5,468.00 1,36,700.00 467.40 20475.79
30 Sep-21 1,36,700.00 5,468.00 1,31,232.00 449.42 20925.21
www.fosterms.com PAGE|80
31
Oct-21 1,31,232.00 5,468.00 1,25,764.00 431.45 21356.66
32
Nov-21 1,25,764.00 5,468.00 1,20,296.00 413.47 21770.13
33
Dec-21 1,20,296.00 5,468.00 1,14,828.00 395.49 22165.62
34
Jan-22 1,14,828.00 5,468.00 1,09,360.00 377.52 22543.14
35
Feb-22 1,09,360.00 5,468.00 1,03,892.00 359.54 22902.68
36
Mar-22 1,03,892.00 5,468.00 98,424.00 341.56 23244.24 5285.23
37
Apr-22 98,424.00 5,468.00 92,956.00 323.59 23567.83
38
May-22 92,956.00 5,468.00 87,488.00 305.61 23873.44
39
Jun-22 87,488.00 5,468.00 82,020.00 287.63 24161.07
40
Jul-22 82,020.00 5,468.00 76,552.00 269.65 24430.72
41
Aug-22 76,552.00 5,468.00 71,084.00 251.68 24682.40
42
Sep-22 71,084.00 5,468.00 65,616.00 233.70 24916.10
43
Oct-22 65,616.00 5,468.00 60,148.00 215.72 25131.83
44
Nov-22 60,148.00 5,468.00 54,680.00 197.75 25329.57
45
Dec-22 54,680.00 5,468.00 49,212.00 179.77 25509.34
46
Jan-23 49,212.00 5,468.00 43,744.00 161.79 25671.14
47
Feb-23 43,744.00 5,468.00 38,276.00 143.82 25814.95
48
Mar-23 38,276.00 5,468.00 32,808.00 125.84 25940.79 2696.55
49
Apr-23 32,808.00 5,468.00 27,340.00 107.86 26048.65
50
May-23 27,340.00 5,468.00 21,872.00 89.88 26138.54
51 Jun-23 21,872.00 5,468.00 16,404.00 71.91 26210.45
52 Jul-23 16,404.00 5,468.00 10,936.00 53.93 26264.38
53 Aug-23 10,936.00 5,468.00 5,468.00 35.95 26300.33
54 Sep-23 5,468.00 5,468.00 - 17.98 26318.31 377.52
PAGE|81 www.fosterms.com
8. ANNEXURE
8.1 Power Analyser Graphs for Transformers
8.1.1 Transformer No. 1
600
550
500
450
kW
kvar
kVA 400
350
300
250
19-06-2018 22:18.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 01:36:32.000 4 min/Div PM 01:58:50.000
Figure 15. Power Graph – Transformer 1 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
8.1.2 Transformer No. 2
380
360
340
320
kW 300
kvar
kVA 280
260
240
220
200
180
19-06-2018 13:30.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 02:26:06.000 2 min/Div PM 02:39:36.000
Figure 16. Power Graph – Transformer 2 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
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8.1.3 Transformer No. 3
300
280
260
240
220
kW 200
kvar 180
kVA
160
140
120
100
80.0
60.0
19-06-2018 17:26.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 02:52:02.000 3 min/Div PM 03:09:28.000
Figure 17. Power Graph – Transformer 3 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
8.1.4 Transformer No. 4
380
360
340
320
300
280
260
kW 240
kvar
kVA 220
200
180
160
140
120
100
19-06-2018 14:51.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 06:24:53.000 2 min/Div PM 06:39:44.000
Figure 18. Power Graph – Transformer 4 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
PAGE|83 www.fosterms.com
8.1.5 Transformer No. 5
130
120
110
100
90.0
kW
kVA
kvar 80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
19-06-2018 21:11.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 07:18:48.000 4 min/Div PM 07:39:59.000
Figure 19. Power Graph – Transformer 5 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
8.1.6 Transformer No. 6
340
320
300
280
260
240
kW
kvar 220
kVA
200
180
160
140
120
100
19-06-2018 40:19.000 (min:s) 19-06-2018
PM 03:42:21.000 8 min/Div PM 04:22:40.000
Figure 20. Power Graph – Transformer 6 (kW-Red, kVAr-Green, kVA-Blue)
www.fosterms.com PAGE|84
8.2 Process Flow Diagrams
8.2.1 Fresh Juice except Orange
Figure 21. Process Flow Diagram – Fresh Juice except Orange
PAGE|85 www.fosterms.com
8.2.2 Orange Juice
Figure 22. Process Flow Diagram – Orange Juice
www.fosterms.com PAGE|86
8.2.3 Laban Drink
Figure 23. Process Flow Diagram – Laban Drink
PAGE|87 www.fosterms.com
8.2.4 UHT Plain and Flavoured Milk
Figure 24. Process Flow Diagram – UHT Plain and Flavoured Milk
www.fosterms.com PAGE|88
8.2.5 Fresh Milk
Figure 25. Process Flow Diagram – Fresh Milk
PAGE|89 www.fosterms.com
A Report on
Energy Audit For
Electrical &
Mechanical Utilities
Conducted at
A’Safwah Dairy & Beverages Co.,
Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
A Report on
Energy Audit For
Electrical &
Mechanical Utilities
www.fosterms.com
Office No.109, Po Box– 234479, Hamsha
Buld, Block 'A', Al Karama Dubai, U.A.E.
+971 4 3965614
+971 52 8181786 / +971 55 8181829
[email protected]
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