Focus PT3 2022 - English

English  Form 1 • 2 • 3  Chapter 4  Language/Grammar Focus 

L Idiomatic Expressions

Idiomatic expressions are phrases with meanings that are different from the meanings of the
individual words used to form the expressions. So, idiomatic expressions are figurative in language
learning.

The following are same idiomatic expresions and their meanings.

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved.Idioms Meanings
A blessing in disguise Something good that isn’t recognised at first

A dime a dozen Anything that is common and easy to get

A drop in the bucket A very small part of something big or whole

A penny saved is a penny earned By not spending money, you are saving money (little by little)

A picture paints a thousand words A visual presentation is far more descriptive than words

A piece of cake A task that can be accomplished very easily

A close shave A narrow escape Chapter
Chapter
Actions speak louder than words It’s better to actually do something than to just talk about it

A bed of roses Very comfortable

All in the same boat When everyone is facing the same difficult situation 4

An arm and a leg Very expensive

At the drop of a hat Willing to do something immediately

Barking up the wrong tree To waste your effort on the wrong path

Beating around the bush Avoiding the main topic

Bend over backwards Do whatever it takes to help

Blow one’s own trumpet Boast about oneself

Bite off more than you can chew To take on a task that is way too big

Blood is thicker than water Family bonds are stronger than anything else

Blue moon A rare event or occurrence

Chip on his shoulder Angry about something that occured in the past

Cross your fingers To hope that something happens the way you want it to

Cry wolf Intentionally raise a false alarm

Curiosity killed the cat Being inquisitive can lead you into a dangerous situation

Don’t count your chickens before they are Do not assume something will happen until it does
hatched

Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth When someone gives you a gift, don’t be ungrateful

Don’t put all your eggs in one basket Do not put all your resources in one place

Info

Go to www.idiomsite.com for more idioms.

165

  English  Form 1 • 2 • 3  Chapter 4  Language/Grammar Focus

IdiomsChapterPenerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Meanings
Drive someone up the wallChapter To irritate and/or annoy someone very much
Every cloud has a silver lining Be optimistic, even difficult times will lead to better days
From rags to riches To go from being very poor to being very wealthy
Get over it To move beyond something that is bothering you
Go the extra mile Going above and beyond whatever is required for the task at
hand
Hit the nail on the head Do or say something exactly right
Hit the sack Go to bed or sleep
Hornet’s nest A source of great trouble
Icing on the cake Something extra which makes a good thing even better
In the heat of the moment Overwhelmed by what is happening at the moment
It takes two to tango A two-person conflict where both people are at fault
Keep an eye on someone To carefully watch over someone
To remain hopeful in a tough situation
4 Keep your chin up To understand the details of a task
To share a secret that wasn’t supposed to be shared
Know the ropes To help someone
Let the cat out of the bag To state a fact so that there are no doubts or objections
Lend a hand Savings set aside for future use
Make no bones about Don’t hurt anyone that helps you
Nest egg No longer have to deal with a tough situation
Never bite the hand that feeds you Anxious or nervous, especially in anticipation of something
Off the hook Undecided
On pins and needles Do very well in an exam
On the fence Tricking someone as a joke
Pass with flying colours An offer or deal that is declined right now but is willing to be
Pulling your leg accepted later
Rain check Raining very heavily
To be completely out of energy
Raining cats and dogs Saved at the last possible moment
Run out of steam Change one’s behaviour for the better
Saved by the bell
Turn over a new leaf

166

English  Form 1 • 2 • 3  Chapter 4  Language/Grammar Focus 

Formative Practice

Practice 1 Meaning
Match the idiomatic expressions to the correct meanings. a. To feel nervous and anxious
b. To be independent
Idiomatic Expressions c. To look or behave like one of your parents
1. Chicken-hearted
2. Raining cats and dogs d. Raining very heavily
3. To keep an eye on e. To ask for donation
f. To obtain excellent results in an exam
4. To pass the hat round g. To watch carefully
5. To stand on one’s own two feet h. A person who is weak and cowardly
6. To pass with flying colours
7. A chip off the old block
8. A bundle of nerves
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Chapter
Chapter
M Phrasal Verbs
4
Phrasal verbs are usually combinations that are made up of verbs followed by prepositions. The
two words are used together to give a single meaning.

phrasa| l verb
I  ran into  my childhood friend at the mall.
verb preposition

Verb Preposition Phrasal Verb Meaning
give •  up •  give up stop trying to do something
keep •  out •  give out produce something
•  away •  keep away avoid going near
run •  on •  keep on continue with no intention to stop
•  up •  keep up make something stay at high level
turn •  out •  run out finish a supply of something
•  away •  run away to escape
•  through •  run through to repeat or read something quickly
•  down •  turn down to reject
•  up •  turn up to arrive

•  into •  turn into make somebody become something else

•  away •  pull away start moving
pull •  down •  pull down to destroy or demolish
•  pull through get better after serious illness
•  through

167

  English  Form 1 • 2 • 3  Chapter 4  Language/Grammar Focus

Formative Practice

Practice 1
Use suitable phrasal verbs to complete the sentences below.

1. Smokers should smoking because it can cause health problems.

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. 2. The exhaust pipesa lot of fumes.

3. Please from the area with tall grasses. There may be snakes hiding among the grasses.

4. The boys talking until the teacher walks to their seats.

5. “Congratulations to the winners! Please the good work.” said the Headmaster to the winning
teams.

6. We have of milk, so we have to go to the supermarket to get some.

7. We agree to meet at 6 p.m., but John an hour later.
Chapter
Chapter the old building.
8. The municipal workers use a crane to

4 N Affixations

Affixations are groups of letters (un-, in-, im-, -er, -or) that are added to words. The group of
letters can be added at the beginning of a word or at the end of a word.

Example 1:
These groups of letters (un, in, im) are added at the beginning of a word.

• un + kind • unkind (means not kind)
un- • un + ripe • unripe (means not ripe)
• unclear (means not clear)
• un + clear
• inexpensive (means not expensive)
• in + expensive • incorrect (means not correct)
in- • in + correct • inactive (means not active)

• in + active • impolite (means not polite or rude)
• impatient (means not patient)
• im + polite • improper (means not proper)
im- • im + patient

• im + proper

Note: These groups of letters (un, in, im) change the meaning of the original words to their negative
form. By adding affixations, the meaning of the original words are changed.

168

English  Form 1 • 2 • 3  Chapter 4  Language/Grammar Focus 

Example 2:
These groups of letters are added at the end of a word.

• play + er • player
-er • sing + er • singer
• seller
• sell + er

Note: The affixation (-er) changes the original word (verb) to a noun.
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved.
-less • care + less • careless (means not careful)
• pain + less • painless (means not painful)
• home + less • homeless (means without a home)

Note: The affixation (-less) changes the meaning of the original word to the meaning “not” or
“without”.

• slow + ly • slowly (adverb that describes the manner of an action)
-ly • loud + ly • loudly (adverb that describes the manner of an action)
• happily (adverb that describes the manner of an action)
• happy + ly Chapter
Chapter
Note: The affixation (-ly) changes the original word (adjective) to an adverb.
4

Formative Practice

Practice 1
Use ‘un–’, ’im–’ or ‘in’– in front of the words below.

1. sure 5. valid
2. well 6. mobile
3. luck 7. moral
4. visible 8. possible

Practice 2
Circle the words that have no affixations.

improve unite winner river introduce
uncertain upset nearer innocent loser
imagine industry umbra
spider unload homeless prosper
inject hilly driver

169

ANSWERS

1Chapter Reading Summative Practice

PART 1: SHORT TEXT (MCQs) (i) Signs and Notices
Formative Practice 1. A sea sports
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. 2. B Picking and delivery service
Practice 1 3. B Abused women and children
4. B To urge you to donate
1. Muar 5. C You are responsible for your own safety.
2. A man in his 60s 6. B A cluttered area poses danger.
3. He was crushed to death by a falling tree during a freak storm.
4. A lightning hit a 50-year-old tree that crushed onto the man (ii) Labels, leaflets and diagrams
1. A Instant Ginger helps relieve cough and flu
who happened to be passing by. 2. C This food is suitable for one who is on a glucose free diet.
3. B Direct sunlight
Practice 2 4. A Be mindful of what we flush down the toilet.
5. C The recycling process of plastic bottles and flasks
1. Smoking kills 6. C Consult a pharmacist or a doctor.
2. Stay away from sugary soda
3. Highly flammable (iii) Advertisement
4. Avoid junk food 1. A A birthday celebrant who is a Malaysian citizen
5. Authorised personnel only 2. A A fitness programme
6. Food is not allowed in the library 3. A A job vacancy
7. Eat a balanced meal 4. C Handling stress
8. Efficiency is our motto 5. B To encourage students to be creative
6. C The hair analysis
Practice 3
(iv) Graphs, charts and tables
1. toilet; trash bin; dispose; toilet 1. A Majority of the viewers feel the movie is very interesting.
2. reduce,reuse; recycle 2. B A significant number of students use it to listen to songs and to
3. safety helmet; loved ones
4. Stop; check watch movies.
5. feeding; risk 3. B Texting
6. speed 4. A All the above are good for the brain.
7. Bumpy; Slow 5. C middle age group
8. prohibited 6. A Car pool whenever possible.

Practice 4 (v) Newspaper Reports
1. B Jellyfish are causing problems for the fishermen.
1. The things other people have always tend to appear better 2. C There are more female students in the local universities.
than what you want 3. B a flood
4. C Many people will be given a chance for a dip at the dam.
2. To get out of a bad situation only to find oneself in an even 5. B The students in the school are the suspects.
worse situation 6. A The victim crashed onto the Vios.
7. A Be aware of what you are buying.
3. A person grows in the face of adversity 8. A Share car journeys
4. The size of things does not indicate its quality 9. C The fake news
5. If a problem involves two people, then both are equally
(vi) Comic strips
responsible 1. A Mrs. Lim is not ready to leave.
6. Don’t make plans that depend on something good happening 2. A Encouraging
3. C is unable to go shopping with Nora.
because it may not happen at all 4. A he is unable to help.
7. To rain very heavily 5. B Eni feels strongly that the culprit should be punished.
8. To get married 6. B many students went to see the exhibition.

Practice 5 (vi) Emails and Messages
1. B regretting
1. previously 2. B reduce the cost of the hotel room.
2. fried 3. B ill health
3. lightly 4. B depend on
4. frothy 5. B keep her promise to attend.
5. wok 6. A Her sister knows what she is thinking.
6. pour 7. B most likely a good friend of Lina.
7. remove 8. C particular that students hand in their work on time.
8. crushed
9. well
10. Stir
11. scrambled
12. through

237

  English Form 1 • 2 • 3  Answers

PART 2: ERROR CORRECTION (d) from
Formative Practice (e) miss
E (a) towards
Practice 1 (b) and
(c) impact
1. I love listen to music. (d) cause
2. Are you agree with me on this issue? (e) our
3. There’s too much food. I don’t think I can finished it.
4. Are we going to have cake for dinner again? I hope no. Summative Practice
5. Do you know where is the laboratory?
6. Last Wednesday, I don’t do much craft. Practice 1
7. I am not very good with cooking.
8. I am afraid to the discipline master. 1. us
9. Can I lend your dictionary for just a minute? 2. waiting
10. I am glad to have you to guide me as I do a lot of grammar 3. for
4. stressful
mistakes. 5. our
6. proven
11. When were you borned? 7. own
12. Our presentation went really good today. 8. decrease
13. You have a new bag. I am too.
14. I have gone to a movie with my sister yesterday.
15. It was very hot today!
16. I don’t have no sandwich.
17. Please close your eyes at ten minutes.
18. I need a break as I am very exhausting.
19. I finally figuring out the answer to the question.
20. I used to played at the field when I was young.
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Practice 2

Practice 2 1. doing
2. while
3. / 3. prevents
6. / 4. requires
11. / 5. faced
14. / 6. what
17. / 7. and
19. / 8. do

Practice 3 Practice 3
1. excitement
1. It takes me an hour to reach the tourist destination. 2. are
2. Divide the sweets among the girls. 3. their
3. I go to school by bike. 4. who
4. Sally aims at doing well in her examination. 5. or
5. Saidah called on her friend late in the evening. 6. should
6. The boys or Rina has baked the cake. 7. a
7. Darren or his brothers are going for the movie. 8. for
8. One must not reveal one’s secrets to all.
9. She has been waiting for her father since 2 p.m.. Practice 4
10. Much water is wasted when the pipe burst. 1. this
11. Go straight and turn left at the crossroads. 2. how
12. Our dog stopped to see if it could pick up the trail. 3. take
13. I decided to climb to the top of the hill to get a better view. 4. should
14. I looked up and saw that it was getting dark. 5. force
15. Jun offers to help anyone who is in trouble. 6. save
7. success
8. spending

Practice 4 Practice 5

A (a) is 1. and
(b) have
(c) spend 2. looking
(d) much
(e) what 3. us
B (a) of
(b) react 4. sent
(c) the
(d) When 5. was
(e) or
C (a) feed 6. that
(b) in
(c) have 7. networking
(d) These
(e) reduces 8. gradually
D (a) more
(b) their Practice 6
(c) go
1. go
2. for
3. decide
4. the
5. has
6. do
7. spread
8. in

238

ENGLISH PT3 CC037022 FOCUS PT3
FORM

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