Top Class Chemistry Tg 4

Form
Form IC094341

4 4
4
4 4
KSSM
KSSM
KSSM
CLASS 4 KSSM
Chemistry
Chemistry Kimia



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IC094341 Video
ISBN: 978-967-2907-85-5 Rekod Pencapaian
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FORMAT 2021 Year-End Assessment

Contents







3.4 Chemical Equation
CHAPTER Introduction to Chemistry Persamaan Kimia 26
1
Pengenalan kepada Kimia
SPM Practice 3
33
HOTS Challenge 28
Smart Notes 1 Online Quick Quiz QR Code 33
1.1 Development in Chemistry Field and Its PAK-21 Corner QR Code 33
Importance in Daily Life 2
Perkembangan Bidang Kimia dan Kepentingan
dalam Kehidupan CHAPTER The Periodic Table of Elements
1.2 Scientific Investigation in Chemistry 3 4 Jadual Berkala Unsur
Penyiasatan Saintifik dalam Kimia
1.3 Usage, Management and Handling of
Apparatus and Materials 3 Smart Notes 35
Penggunaan, Pengurusan dan Pengendalian 4.1 The Development of Periodic Table of
Radas serta Bahan Kimia Elements 36
SPM Practice 1 4 Perkembangan Jadual Berkala Unsur
Online Quick Quiz QR Code 8 4.2 The Arrangement of Elements in the 37
Periodic Table of Elements

PAK-21 Corner QR Code 8 Susunan Unsur dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur
4.3 Elements in Group 18 37
CHAPTER Matter and Atomic Structure Unsur dalam Kumpulan 18 38
2
4.4 Elements in Group 1
Jirim dan Struktur Atom
Unsur dalam Kumpulan 1
4.5 Elements in Group 17 38

Smart Notes Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved
10
Unsur dalam Kumpulan 17

2.1 Basic Concepts of Matter 12 4.6 Elements in Period 3 39
Konsep Asas Jirim Unsur dalam Kala 3
2.2 The Development of the Atomic 4.7 Transition Elements 40
Model 12 Unsur Peralihan
Perkembangan Model Atom SPM Practice 4 41
2.3 Atomic Structure 13 HOTS Challenge 51
Struktur Atom Online Quick Quiz QR Code 51
2.4 Isotopes and Its Uses 15 PAK-21 Corner QR Code 52
Isotop dan Penggunaannya
SPM Practice 2 16
HOTS Challenge 19 CHAPTER Chemical Bond
Online Quick Quiz QR Code 19 5 Ikatan Kimia
PAK-21 Corner QR Code 20
Smart Notes 53
CHAPTER The Mole Concept, Chemical Formula and Asas Pembentukan Sebatian 54
5.1 Basics of Compound Formation
3
Equation
Konsep Mol, Formula dan Persamaan Kimia
5.2 Ionic Bond
Ikatan Ion 54
Smart Notes 21 5.3 Covalent Bond 55
3.1 Relative Atomic Mass and Relative Ikatan Kovalen
Molecular Mass 22 5.4 Hydrogen Bond 56
Jisim Atom Relatif dan Jisim Molekul Relatif Ikatan Hidrogen
3.2 Mole Concept 23 5.5 Dative Bond 56
Konsep Mol Ikatan Datif
3.3 Chemical Formula 24 5.6 Metallic Bond 56
Formula Kimia Ikatan logam



ii

5.7 Properties of Ionic Compounds and
Covalent Compounds 57 CHAPTER Rate of Reaction
7
Sifat Sebatian Ion dan Sebatian Kovalen Kadar Tindak Balas
SPM Practice 5 58
HOTS Challenge 68 Smart Notes 92
Online Quick Quiz QR Code 68 7.1 Determining Rate of Reaction 94
PAK-21 Corner QR Code 69 Penentuan Kadar Tindak Balas
7.2 Factors Affecting Rate of Reactions 96
CHAPTER Acid, Base and Salt Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kadar
Tindak Balas

6
7.3 Application of Factors that Affect Rate of
Asid, Bes dan Garam
Reaction in Daily Life 97
Aplikasi Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kadar
Smart Notes 70 Tindak Balas dalam Kehidupan
6.1 The Role of Water in Showing Acidic and 7.4 Collision Theory 97
Alkaline Properties 72 Teori Perlanggaran
Peranan Air dalam Menunjukkan Keasidan SPM Practice 7 98
dan Kealkalian HOTS Challenge 108
6.2 pH Value 72 Online Quick Quiz QR Code 108
Nilai pH PAK-21 Corner QR Code 109
6.3 Strength of Acids and Alkalis 73
Kekuatan Asid dan Alkali
6.4 Chemical Properties of Acids and Manufactured Substances in
Alkalis 73 CHAPTER Industry
8
Sifat-sifat Kimia Asid dan Alkali Bahan Buatan dalam Industri
6.5 Concentration of Aqueous Solution 74
Kepekatan Larutan Akueus Smart Notes 110
6.6 Standard Solution 75 8.1 Alloys and Its Importance 112
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Larutan Piawai Aloi dan Kepentingannya
6.7 Neutralisation 75 8.2 Composition of Glass and its Uses 113
Peneutralan Komposisi Kaca dan Kegunaannya
6.8 Salts, Crystals and their Uses in 8.3 Composition of Ceramics and its Uses 114
Daily Life 75 Komposisi Seramik dan Kegunaanya
Garam, Hablur dan Kegunaan dalam Kehidupan 8.4 Composite Materials and Its
6.9 Preparation of Salts 76 Importance 114
Penyediaan Garam Bahan Komposit dan Kepentingannya
6.10 Effect of Heat on Salts 77 SPM Practice 8 115
Tindakan Haba ke atas Garam HOTS Challenge 123
6.11 Qualitative Analysis 77 Online Quick Quiz QR Code 123
Analisis Kualitatif PAK-21 Corner QR Code 124
SPM Practice 6 79
HOTS Challenge 90
Online Quick Quiz QR Code 90 SPM Year-End Assessment 125
PAK-21 Corner QR Code 91
Answers A1 – A26

















iii

CHAPTER Introduction to Chemistry

1 1

Pengenalan kepada Kimia





SMART Notes


• Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, properties and Safety equipment
Peralatan keselamatan
interaction of matter.
Kimia merupakan kajian berkenaan dengan komposisi, struktur, sifat-sifat dan VIDEO 1
interaksi antara jirim.
• Chemistry and its substances are important in our daily lives:
Kimia dan bahan-bahannya penting dalam kehidupan harian kita:

Type of substance Contribution
Jenis bahan Sumbangan
Food • Colouring agent / pewarna
Makanan • Preservative / pengawet

Medicine • Antibiotics / antibiotik
Perubatan • Chemotherapy / kemoterapi
Agriculture • Fertiliser / baja
Pertanian • Pesticide / racun serangga

• Detergent / detergen
Industry Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved
Industry • Polymers / polimer
• Scientific investigation method
Kaedah penyiasatan saintifik
Making observation Making inferences Identifying problem
Membuat pemerhatian Membuat inferens Mengenal pasti masalah





Identifying variables
Making hypothesis Controlling variables
Membuat hipothesis Mengenal pasti Mengawal pemboleh ubah
pemboleh ubah





Planning an experiment Collecting data Interpreting data
Merancang eksperimen Mengumpul data Mentafsir data





Making conclusion Making a report
Membuat kesimpulan Menulis laporan




1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Development in Chemistry Field and Its Importance in Daily life
1.1 Perkembangan Bidang Kimia dan Kepentingan dalam Kehidupan

1. Chemistry is the study of , structure, properties and interaction of .
Kimia merupakan kajian berkenaan dengan , struktur, sifat-sifat dan interaksi antara
. TP 1

2. State four fields of Chemistry. / Nyatakan empat bidang kimia. TP 1





(a) (b)


Fields of
Chemistry
Bidang Kimia


(c) (d)





3. Table 1 shows the examples of chemicals used as our household products.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan contoh bahan kimia yang digunakan sebagai produk isi rumah. TP 3
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Table 1 / Jadual 1
Chemical Function
Bahan kimia Fungsi
(a) Detergent • Breaks down surface tension between water and .
Detergen Memecahkan tegangan permukaan antara air dengan .
• Used to remove .
Digunakan untuk menyingkirkan .

(b) Paracetamol • A type of medicine that is used to reduce .
Parasetamol Ia merupakan sejenis ubat yang boleh mengurangkan .
• Its medical effect is milder than aspirin which is more suitable to be
used by senior citizen.
Kesan ubat yang kurang berbanding aspirin menyebabkannya lebih sesuai
digunakan oleh warga emas.

(c) Salt • Commonly used in cooking.
Garam Biasanya digunakan dalam masakan.
• Used as in order to produce salted fish.
Digunakan sebagai dalam proses penghasilan ikan masin.


4. State three careers that need the knowledge of chemistry. TP 3
Nyatakan tiga kerjaya yang memerlukan pengetahuan kimia.
(a) (c)
(b)


© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Scientific Investigation in Chemistry
1.2 Penyiasatan Saintifik dalam Kimia

1. Scientific method is a used to solve problems using the knowledge of science.
Kaedah saintifik ialah yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah dengan menggunakan
ilmu pengetahuan sains. TP 1

2. The thinking map below shows the steps to develop and resolve problems scientifically.
Peta pemikiran di bawah menunjukkan langkah-langkah untuk membina dan menyelesaikan masalah secara
saintifik. TP 4

Making observation (a) Identifying problem
Membuat pemerhatian Mengenal pasti masalah







(b) (c) (d)






Planning an experiment (e) (f)
Merancang eksperimen

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(g) (h)



Usage, Management and Handling of Apparatus and Materials
1.3 Penggunaan, Pengurusan dan Pengendalian Radas serta Bahan Kimia


Emergency Management Procedure in the Laboratory
Langkah Pengurusan Kemalangan di dalam Makmal TP 3
1. Inform your or the laboratory assistant about the accident immediately.
Maklumkan kemalangan kepada atau pembantu makmal dengan segara.

2. Avoid other students from the accident side.
Menghalang murid kawasan kemalangan.
3. Stops the spill from to other areas by using to border it.
Sekat tumpahan daripada ke kawasan lain dengan menggunakan sebagai
sempadan.
4. Clean the chemical .
Bersihkan bahan kimia tersebut.
5. of the chemical spill by following the correct procedures.
tumpahan kimia mengikut prosedur yang betul.



3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

SPM Practice 1




Paper 1

Objective Questions / Soalan objektif
Development in 4. Which of the following is 6. An experiment is carried
1.1 Chemistry Field and Its
Importance in Daily Life a chemical that will harm out to investigate the
Perkembangan Bidang Kimia dan our health? rate of reaction between
Kepentingan dalam Kehidupan Antara bahan kimia temperature of vinegar
berikut, yang manakah and egg shells. The
1. The study of chemistry is merupakan bahan kimia yang
the study of memudaratkan kesihatan higher the temperature
Kajian kimia merupakan kita? of vinegar, the higher the
kajian mengenai A Vitamin C rate of reaction. Which of
A time Vitamin C the following is correct?
masa B Vape Satu eksperimen telah
B space Vape dijalankan untuk mengkaji
ruangan C Sodium bicarbonate kadar tindak balas antara
C matter Natrium bikarbonat suhu cuka dan kulit telur.
Semakin tinggi suhu, semakin
jirim D Sodium chloride tinggi kadar tindak balas.
D crystal Natrium klorida Antara yang berikut, yang
hablur manakah adalah betul?
1.2 Scientific Investigation in A Manipulated variable
2. Which of the following Chemistry – rate of reaction
Penyiastan Saintifik dalam Kimia
occupations does not Pemboleh ubah
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require the knowledge of 5. What should be done dimanipulasikan – kadar
chemistry? before planning an tindak balas
Antara pekerjaan berikut, experiment? B Responding variable
yang manakah tidak Apakah yang harus dilakukan – temperature of
memerlukan pengetahuan sebelum merancang
kimia? eksperimen? hydrochloric acid
A Chemist I Make an inference Pemboleh ubah bergerak
balas – suhu asid
Ahli kimia Membuat inferens hidroklorik
B Forensic scientist II Make a hypothesis C Constant variable –
Ahli sains forensik Membuat hipotesis
C Accountant III Make a conclusion mass of egg shells
Pemboleh ubah
Akauntan Membuat kesimpulan dimalarkan – jisim kulit
D Toxicologist IV Write a report telur
Ahli toksikologi Menulis laporan D Constant variable
A I and II
3. Which of the following is I dan II – temperature of
not a synthetic polymer? B I and IV vinegar
Antara bahan kimia berikut, I dan IV Pemboleh ubah
yang manakah bukan polimer C II and III dimalarkan – suhu cuka
sintetik? II dan III
A Nylon D III and IV 7. A student wrote the
Nilon III dan IV following statements in
B PVC his experiment report.
PVC Seorang murid menulis
C Starch pernyataan berikut dalam
laporan eksperimennya.
Kanji
D Polystyrene
Polistirena


© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 4

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Menjalankan ekskerimen 9. What is the most suitable
Statement I: di dalam kebuk wasap
Pernyataan I: method for processing
Blue copper(II) sulphate A I and II waste water from a batik
I dan II
solution turns light blue. B I, II and III factory to reduce water
Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat bertukar I, II dan III pollution problem?
daripada biru kepada biru muda. C II and IV Apakah kaedah yang
Statement II: II dan IV paling sesuai digunakan
Pernyataan II: D I, II and IV untuk memproses air sisa
Concentration of copper(II) I, II dan IV dari kilang batik untuk
mengurangkan masalah
ions decreases. pencemaran air?
Kepekatan ion kuprum(II)
berkurang. Answer questions 9 and A Distillation
10 based on the given Penyulingan
Identify statement II. information. (Green B Filtration
Kenal pasti pernyataan II. Technology Questions) Penurasan
A Hypothesis Jawab soalan 9 dan 10 C Electrolysis
Hipotesis berdasarkan maklumat yang Elektrolisis
B Observation diberikan. D Crystallisation
Pemerhatian (Soalan Teknologi Hijau) Penghabluran
C Inference
Inferens Batik Malaysia is a textile 10. Which of the following
D Conclusion art from Malaysia, especially are the effects of
Kesimpulan in the east coast of improper batik waste
Malaysia such as Kelantan, water disposal into the
Usage, Management and
1.3 Handling of Apparatus Terengganu and Pahang. The river?
and Materials Malaysian government also Antara yang berikut, yang
Penggunaan, Pengurusan dan recognises Batik Malaysia manakah merupakah kesan
Pengendalian Radas serta Bahan as the national apparel by pelupusan air sisa batik
Kimia Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved
dengan cara yang tidak betul
encouraging local designers
ke dalam sungai?
8. Which of the following to create new batik designs A Water in the river
is the correct safety that reflect Malaysia’s becomes very acidic
precaution when identity. However, batik Air sungai menjadi sangat
handling an experiment waste water has a pH value berasid
involving the use of of as high as pH 13. It also B Endanger aquatic
bromine water? has high organic ubstances organisms
Antara yang berikut, yang and high dyes (azo-dyes) Hidupan akuatik terancam
manakah merupakan langkah contents contributing to C Algae grow in big
keselamatan yang betul amount
apabila mengendalikan water pollution. Alga tumbuh dengan
eksperimen yang melibatkan Batik Malaysia merupakan seni banyak
penggunaan air bromin? tekstil dari Malaysia, terutamanya
I Wearing goggles di bahagian pantai timur Malaysia D Flash flood occurs
iaitu Kelantan, Terengganu dan
Banjir kilat berlaku
Memakai kaca mata
keselamatan Pahang. Kerajaan Malaysia turut
II Wearing a mask mengiktiraf Batik Malaysia sebagai
dengan
kebangsaan
pakaian
Memakai topeng muka menggalakkan pereka tempatan
III Conducting the mereka corak batik baharu yang
experiment at the mencerminkan identiti Malaysia.
laboratory workbench Namun begitu, air sisa batik
Menjalankan eksperimen mempunyai nilai pH yang setinggi
di meja makmal pH 13. Air sisa tersebut juga
IV Conducting the mengandungi bahan organik
kompleks dan pewarna (pewarna
experiment in a fume azo) yang tinggi dan menyumbang
chamber kepada pencemaran air.


5 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Paper 2

Subjective Questions / Soalan Subjektif
Section A / Bahagian A

1. During a sunny day, Sean was adding a cube of brown sugar into a glass of the iced lemon tea. He
found out that the brown sugar cube added cannot dissolve easily in iced lemon tea.
Pada suatu hari yang panas, Sean menambahkan seketul gula perang ke dalam segelas teh lemon ais. Dia
mendapati kiub gula perang tidak dapat melarut dengan mudah dalam teh lemon ais tersebut.
(a) State the problem statement for this investigation.
Nyatakan pernyataan masalah bagi penyiasatan ini.


[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) State all the variables for this investigation.
Nyatakan semua pemboleh ubah bagi penyiasatan ini.







[3 marks / 3 markah]
(c) State the hypothesis for this investigation.
Nyatakan hipotesis bagi penyiasatan ini.


[1 mark / 1 markah]
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(d) State the relationship between the solubility of brown sugar cube and the temperature of
water.
Nyatakan hubungan antara keterlarutan kiub gula perang dengan suhu air.


[1 mark / 1 markah]

(e) Suggest a better way for Sean to dissolve the brown sugar cube easily in the iced lemon tea
without changing its final volume.
Cadangkan satu cara supaya Sean boleh melarutkan kiub gula perang itu dengan mudah dalam teh lemon
ais tanpa mengubah isi padu akhirnya.

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(f) During the investigation, Sean found out that the size of the brown sugar also affects its
solubility in the iced lemon tea.
Semasa penyiasatan itu, Sean mendapati saiz gula perang juga mempengaruhi keterlarutannya dalam teh
lemon ais.
(i) Give an explanation for the above observation.
Berikan satu penerangan bagi pemerhatian di atas.





[2 marks / 2 markah]




© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 6

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

(ii) State the hypothesis for the above observation.
Nyatakan hipiotesis bagi pemerhatian di atas.


[1 mark / 1 markah]

Section B / Bahagian B
2. (a) Chemistry is the field of science that has great importance in medicine, food industry,
environmental study, and pharmacy.
Kimia merupakan bidang sains yang memainkan peranan penting dalam perubatan, industri makanan, kajian
persekitaran dan farmasi.

(i) What do we study in chemistry? [4 marks / 4 markah]
Apakah yang kita belajar dalam kimia?
(ii) State two careers that are related to chemistry. [2 marks / 2 markah]
Nyatakan dua kerjaya yang berkaitan dengan kimia.

(b) A group of students went for a field trip with their chemistry teacher in an industrial area. They
suspected that water from the nearby river turns acidic and thus harm the living organisms
in the river. They decided to carry out a scientific investigation on the water source from the
polluted river.
Sekumpulan pelajar melakukan kerja lapangan dengan guru kimia mereka di suatu kawasan perindustrian.
Mereka mengesyaki bahawa air dari sungai berdekatan menjadi berasid dan memudaratkan organisma di
dalam sungai. Mereka mengambil keputusan untuk menjalankan penyiasatan saintifik terhadap sumber air
daripada sungai tercemar itu.

(i) What is scientific method? [1 mark / 1 markah]
Apakah kaedah saintifik?
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(ii) List out all the steps in a scientific investigation. [10 marks / 10 markah]
Senaraikan semua langkah dalam penyelidikan saintifik.
(iii) State three scientific attitudes that must be practised by students when carrying out an
investigation. [3 marks / 3 markah]
Nyatakan tiga sikap saintifik yang mesti diamalkan oleh murid apabila menjalankan penyelidikan.

Section C / Bahagian C

3.







Yellow powder P
Serbuk kuning P
Diagram 1(a) / Rajah 1(a) Diagram 1(b) / Rajah 1(b)

Diagram 1(a) shows a broken thermometer while diagram 1(b) shows two firemen cleaning up
the mercury spillage by sprinkling yellow powder P on it. Mercury poisoning can harm our health
and damage our nervous system.
Rajah 1 (a) menunjukkan termometer yang patah manakala Rajah 1 (b) menunjukkan dua orang anggota bomba
yang sedang membersihkan tumpahan merkuri dengan menabur serbuk kuning P di atasnya. Keracunan merkuri
boleh membahayakan kesihatan dan merosakkan sistem saraf kita.



7 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Chemistry Form 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

(a) What is mercury?
Apakah merkuri? [1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) What is mercury poisoning?
Apakah keracunan merkuri? [1 mark / 1 markah]
(c) State the physical state of mercury in room condition and its freezing point.
Nyatakan keadaan fizikal merkuri pada keadaan bilik dan takat bekunya. [2 marks / 2 markah]
(d) (i) Name the yellow powder P used by the firemen when cleaning up the mercury spillage.
Namakan serbuk kuning P yang digunakan oleh anggota bomba semasa membersihkan tumpahan
merkuri tersebut. [1 mark / 1 markah]
(ii) State a reason the firemen choose to use yellow powder P instead of a vacuum cleaner.
Nyatakan alasan anggota bomba memilih untuk menggunakan serbuk kuning P berbanding pembersih
vakum.
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(e) (i) State three human organs that can be affected by mercury poisoning. For each organ,
state one symptom of mercury poisoning.
Nyatakan tiga organ manusia yang boleh terjejas akibat keracunan merkuri. Bagi setiap organ tersebut,
nyatakan satu gejala keracunan merkuri. [6 marks / 6 markah]
(ii) State three possible ways humans get mercury poisoning.
Nyatakan tiga cara yang boleh menyebabkan manusia mengalami keracunan merkuri. [3 marks / 3
markah]

(f) State four symptoms caused by mercury poisoning in the nervous system.
Nyatakan empat gejala yang disebabkan oleh keracunan merkuri dalam sistem saraf.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
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Quiz 1
21
PAK-





© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 8

Form
Form IC094341

4
4 4
4 4
KSSM
KSSM
KSSM
CLASS 4 KSSM
Chemistry
Chemistry Kimia



Top Class KSSM - Top Quality materials for Top Performance in school-based CLASS
and the SPM exam. Packed with essential features and digital initiatives

towards 21 Century Learning. CLASS
st

Special Features: TOP KSSM TITLES 1 2 3 4 5
Subjects / Forms

SMART Notes
SMART Notes Bahasa Melayu
SMART Notes
KSSM 4
5 5
4
5
English Form
Bahasa Cina
Topical Practices
Topical Practices Mathematics / Matematik KSSM 4
Topical Practices
Additional Mathematics / Matematik Tambahan
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KSSM
SPM Practices Biology / Biologi Chemistry KSSM
SPM Practices
SPM Practices
Physics / Fizik
HOTS Challenges
HOTS Challenges Chemistry / Kimia
HOTS Challenges
Science / Sains
Year-End Assessment Geografi
Year-End Assessment
Year-End Assessment
Chemistry
Sejarah
QR Pendidikan Islam Chemistry
Code
PAK-21 Corner
PAK-21 Corner Ekonomi Susan Chin Syuk Man
PAK-21 Corner
Prinsip Perakaunan (Guru Cemerlang Kimia)
Complete Answers
Complete Answers Perniagaan Kimia
Complete Answers
Topical Practices
Form 4
SPM Practices
www.PelangiBooks.com
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IC094341 Video
ISBN: 978-967-2907-85-5 Rekod Pencapaian
NEW SPM ASSESSMENT Online Quick Quiz PAK-21
FORMAT 2021 Year-End Assessment