293 Biology Term 2 STPM Glossary Infectious agents Biological agents or pathogens that cause disease Kupffer cells Special macrophages attached to the inner wall of the sinusoid for phagocytosising old red blood cells, bacteria and other pathogens. Lipogenesis Synthesis of fats in the liver. This process converts excess carbohydrates into fatty acids and glycerol. Malaria An infectious disease caused by a protest (protozoan) of the genus Plasmodium Myelinated axon An axon with myelin sheath, which is formed by Schwann cells wrapped around it Nephron Basic unit of function in kidney. Its number is about a million in each kidney. Oogenesis Occurs in the ovaries of a woman Ornithine cycle Also known as urea cycle, which involves the formation of urea from ammonia Parturition Process of birth Photoperiodism A phenomenon in which organisms, especially plants, response to changes in day length relative to dark period in a 24-hour cycle. Phytochrome Blue green pigment which acts as photoreceptor. It is a lipoprotein, a conjugated protein with lipid as the prosthetic group. Phytohormones Plant hormones or growth substances Placenta Spongy layer with trophoblastic villi for exchange of substances between the embryo and the mother’s blood. Selective reabsorption A process in which certain substances are selectively reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate into the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule and then into the capillary network surrounding each nephron to be carried away from the kidney. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) A systemic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the body Systole The event that occurs when the heart muscle contracts. Spermatogenesis Occurs in testes of man Splenomegaly Enlarged spleen T cells Lymphocytes that mature in the thymus gland. Transamination Transfer of an amine group from one molecule of amino acid to another Tuberculosis An infectious lung disease caused by various strains of Mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ultrafiltration A process in which smaller molecules are filtered from the blood in the glomerulus into the Bowman capsule. Xerophytes Plants that are adapted to survive in arid environments
294 Biology Term 2 Biology Term 2 STPMGlossary Index A Abscisic acid 98 Action potential 68 Aedes aegypti 255 Aldosterone 203 Anopheles 271 Antibody 221 Antigen 220 Antigen-presenting cell 227 Apoplast pathway 46 Arteriosclerosis 37 Atherosclerosis 37 Auxin 94 B B cells 229 C Cardiac cycle 30 Chemoreceptors 13 Corpus luteum 125 Cowper’s gland 127 Curare 87 Cytokinins 98 D Deamination 187 E Ecdysis 159 Epigeal germination 148 Epitope 221 Ethephon 107 Ethylene 99 F Filtration pressure 197 G Gibberellins 96 H Haemoglobin 6 Halophytes 207 Hepatocytes 176 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 238 Hydrogen carbonate ions 7 Hypertension 39 Hypogeal germination 148 I Immunoglobulins 222 Indoleacetic acid (IAA) 94 K Kinetin 98 L Lymphocytes 224 M Macrophages 226 Menstrual cycle 130 Metamorphosis 160 Mycobacterium tuberculosis 266 Myocardial infarction 40 N Nephron 195 Neuromuscular junction 76 O Oogenesis 124 Opsonisation 227 Oxygen dissociation curve 8 P Parturition 139 Perforin 231 Photoperiodism 102 Phytochrome 101 Pinocytosis 198 Plasmodium 271 Purkyne tissue 34 S Symplast pathway 46 T T cells 227 Thermoregulation 174 Transamination 185 Transpiration pull 49 Turgor pressure 18 R Resting potential 67 Root pressure 47 S Sarcomere 77 Spermatogenesis 122 V Vacuolar pathway 46 Vas deferens 127 Vibrio cholerae 265 X Xenophytes 208 Z Zeatin 98
295 Biology Term 2 STPM Glossary Notes
296 Biology Term 2 STPM Glossary Notes