12th CS 4 Marks All Questions

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 1
sYSn

Bwg-A (4-4 AMk vwly pRSn)
ipAwry ividAwrQIE, ies swl hox vwlIAW pRI-borf Aqy slwnw pRIiKAwvW leI kMipaUtr swieMs ivSy dy
pypr dI vDIAw iqAwrI Aqy duhrweI dy mMqv nwl pypr ivcly BwgW dI vMf Anuswr pRSn auqr Byjy jw
rhy hn[ ies PweIl ivc pypr dy Bwg-A ivc Awaux vwly sMBwivq Coty au~qrW vwly pRSn quhwnUM Byjy jw
rhy hn[ iehnW pRSnW ivcoN 20 AMkW dw pypr Awauxw hY, iesleI pypr ivcoN vDIAw AMk pRwpq krn leI
iehnW swry pRSn auqrW dI iqAwrI qusIN bhuq hI vDIAw qrIky nwl krnI hY[ iesqoN ielwvw islybs
Anuswr ivfIE lYkcrz dy ilMk vI ies PweIl ivc id`qy gey hn, ijnHW aupr kil`k krky qusIN swry
islybs dI hor vI vDIAw FMg nwl iqAwrI kr skogy[ PweIl dy AMq ivc mwfl tYst pypr vI id`qw igAw
hY qW jo qusIN pRIiKAwvW ivc Awaux vwly pypr dI bxqr cMgI qrHW smJ sko[ Bwg-A ivc Awaux vwly
pRSnW dI AMk vMf ies pRkwr hY:

1+C

1+C 1+C
pwT iflIt kIqw igAw hY 1+C

pwT iflIt kIqw igAw hY

12vIN jmwq dy kMipaUtr swieMs dy pwTW dy ivfIE lYkcr dyKx leI jrUrq Anuswr hyT id`qy
ilMk aupr kil`k kro jI[

pwT-1 11vIN jmwq dI duhrweI https://youtu.be/A6J5GO56t4E
pwT-2 stirMgz https://youtu.be/j9ler5lctwk
https://youtu.be/Ux-K_Tk9HGM
pwT-3 PMkSnz https://youtu.be/xGGxbPtdtZc
https://youtu.be/6u8lu-G8zSw
pwT-4 ivMfoz mUvI mykr (Bwg-1) https://youtu.be/7s-mjrv9hjI
pwT-6 nY~tvrikMg sMklp https://youtu.be/o0w6hAdyjoM
pwT-8 eI-gvrnYNs jldI hI Aplof kIqw jwvygw

 islybs Anuswr tYst-pRYktIs leI qusIN hyTW id`qy ilMk dI vrqoN kr skdy ho:
http://cspunjab.nirmancampus.co.in/quizindex.php

 iksy vI jmwq dy stfI-mtIrIAl/eI-bu`ks fwanU lof krn leI hyTW id`qy ilMk aupr kil`k kro:

http://cspunjab.nirmancampus.co.in/study.php

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 2

Bwg-A (4-4 AMk vwly pRSn)
pwT 2
sitRMgz

1. AYry kYr bwry ivSyS kI huMdw hY?
au: sI BwSw ivc AYry kYr dw ivSyS mh`qv hY[ sI BwSw ivc stirMg fwtw stor krn leI koeI vI fwtw-tweIp mOjUd nhIN
hY[ ies leI stirMg fwtw stor krn leI sI BwSw ivc kYr ArY y (char array) dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ sI BwSw ivc
sitRMg stor krn leI swnUM kYr AYry ifklAy r krnw pYNdw hY[ adu whrx leI:

char name[20];
ies audwhrx ivc name nW dw iek kYr AYry ifklAy r kIqw igAw hY jo ik 20 A`KrW q`k dw koeI vI sitMRg stor kr
skdw hY[
2. sitMRg kI huMdw hY?
au: sitRMg ie`k jW ie`k qoN v`D A`KrW dw sumyl huMdw hY[ ieh dohry kwimAW (double quotes) ivc iliKAw jWdw hY[ sI
BwSw ivc stirMg dw AMq n`l icMnH jW KwlI icMnH (\0) nwl huMdw hY[ sI BwSw ivc stirMg stor krn leI kYr AYry (char
array) dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ sI BwSw sitRMg aupr keI iksmW dy kMm krn leI keI iblt-ien PMkSn pRdwn krdI
hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mOjUd huMdy hn[ ies leI iehnW PMkSnW dI vrqoN krn leI swnUM
string.h hYfr PweIl nUM Awpxy pROgrwm ivc Swiml krnw pYNdw hY[ ku`J Awm vrqy jwx vwly sitRMg PMkSnW dIAW audwhrxW
strcpy( ), strrev( ), strcat( ), strcmp( ), strlwr( ), strupr( ), strlen( ) hn[
3. KwlI icMnH dw kI mMqv huMdw hY?
au: KwlI icMnH nUM n`l icnM H vI ikhw jWdw hY[ sI BwSw ivc ies nMuU \0 icMnH nwl pRdriSq kIqw jWdw hY[ sI BwSw ivc
stirMg dw AMq krn leI n`l icMnH jW KwlI icMnH (\0) dI vrqoN hudM I hY[ sI BwSw ivc KwlI icMnH dI lMbweI zIro huMdI hY[
4. ividAwrQI khI jwx vwlI stirMg ijs ivc 50 icMnH hox - dI GOSxw kro[ ies ivc stirMg ienISIAlweIjySn
dy do FMg vI d`so[
au: sitMRg ifklyrySn (GOSxw):

char student[50];
sitMRg ienISIAlweIjySn dy qrIky:

char student[50]=“Ram”;

char student[50]={‘R’,’a’,’m’,’\0’};
5. kYr ArY y dI kI sImw huMdI hY?
au: sI BwSw ivc AYry kYr dw ivSyS mh`qv hY[ sI BwSw ivc stirMg fwtw stor krn leI koeI vI fwtw-tweIp mOjUd nhIN
hY[ ies leI stirgM fwtw stor krn leI sI BwSw ivc kYr AYry (char array) dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ kYr ArY y dI sImw
sitRMg dI lMbweI nUM inrDwirq krdI hY[ kYry ArY y ivc sitRMg dI vD` qoN v`D lMbweI 65535 ho skdI hY[ ies dw mqlb hY
ik AsIN kYr AYry dI sImW 65535 krkY trz qoN v`D nhIN sYt kr skdy[
6. “A” Aqy „A’ ivc AMqr ilKo[
au: “A” iek sitRMg nUM pRdriSq krdw hY Aqy ‘A’ iek krYktr nUM[ ikauNik iksy sitRMg nUM dohry kwimAW (double quotes)
ivc iliKAw jWdw hY Aqy krYktr nUM iekihry kwimAW ivc (single quotes)[
7. putchar() Aqy puts() ivc AMqr ilKo[
au: putchar() Aqy puts() ivc AMqr ies pkR wr hY:

 putchar() function: ieh iek AnPwrmytf krYktr AwaUtput` PMkSn hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN AnPwrmty f
krYktr nUM mno Itr skRIn qy drSwaux leI kIqI jWdI h[Y

 puts() function: ieh iek AnPwrmytf sitRMg AwaUtpu`t PMkSn hY[ ies dI vrqoN AnPwrmytf sitRMg nUM
monItr skRIn qy drSwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[

8. sitRMg fwtw dy ienpu`t Awautpu`t leI vrqy jWdy PMkSnW dI sUcI bxwE[
au: sitMRg pVn Aqy ilKx leI ienpu`t Aqy Awautpu`t PMkSnW dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ ku`J Awm vrqy jwx vwly sitMRg
ienpu`t Awatu pu`t PMkSn ies pRkwr hn:
sitMRg pVnH vwly PMkSn (String Input Functions):

 scanf() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN ie`k-SbdI sitRMg nUM ienpu`t krvwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[

 gets() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN bhuSbdI sitRMg nUM ienpu`t krvwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[

 getchar() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN ie`k krYktr nUM ienpu`t krvwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[
sitMRg ilKx vwly PMkSn (String Output Functions):

 printf() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN Pwrmytf sitRMg nUM drSwaxu leI kIqI jWdI hY[
 puts() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN AnPwrmytf sitRMg nUM drSwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[

 putchar() function: ies PMkSn dI vrqoN AnPwrmytf krYktr nUM drSwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 3

hor mh`qvpUrn pRSn:
1. strlen() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn strlen dw pUrw nW string length hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN id`qy gey sitRMg ivc A`KrW dI igxqI pqw krn leI
kIqI jWdI hY[ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mOjUd huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM Awpxy
poRgrwm ivc string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI h[Y hyTW id`qI adu whrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

strlen(“Punjab”);

ieh PMkSn mu`l 6 vwips krygw ikauNik sitRMg Punjab ivc A`KrW dI igxqI 6 hY[
2. strrev() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn strrev dw pUrw nW string reverse hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN idqy gey sitMRg nUM aultwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[
ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mjO Ud huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM Awpxy poRgrwm ivc
string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI audwhrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

strrev(“Punjab”);
ieh PMkSn sitRMg mu`l Punjab nUM aultwayux qoN bwAd sitMRg nUM bajnuP bxw dyvygw[
3. strcpy() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kr[o
au: PMkSn strcpy dw pUrw nW string copy hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN sitMRg mu`l nUM sitMRg vry Ieybl ivc kwpI krn leI
kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mOjdU huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnMU
Awpxy poRgrwm ivc string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI audwhrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

char str[20];

strcpy(str, “Punjab”);
ieh PMkSn sitRMg mu`l Punjab nUM sitRMg vyrIeybl str ivc stor krygw[

4. strcat() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn strcat dw pUrw nW string concatenation hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN do sitMRg mu`lW nUM ie`k sitRMg mu`l ivc iek`Tw
krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh PMkSn dUjy sitRMg mu`l nUM pihly sitRMg dy AMq ivc jOV idMdw hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h
hYfr PweIl ivc mOjUd huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM Awpxy poRgrwm ivc string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml
krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI audwhrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

char str1[20]=“City”;

char str2[20]=“Sunam”;

strcat(str1, str2);
ieh PMkSn dUjy sitRMg mu`l Sunam nUM pihly sitMRg mu`l City qoN bwAd jOV ky CitySunam bxw dyvygw[
5. strcmp() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn strcmp dw pUrw nW string compare hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN do sitMRg mu`lW dI qulnw krn leI kIqI jWdI
hY[ dovyN sitRMg dI qulnw krn qoN bwAd ieh PMkSn skwrwqmk (Positive) jW nkwrwqmk (Negative) jW zIro (zero)
iehnW iqMnWH ivcoN koeI iek mu`l vwips krdw hY[ qulnw krn leI ieh PMkSn A`KrW dy ASCII mul` dI vrqoN krdw hY[ ieh
sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mjO Ud huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM poRgrwm ivc string.h
hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI audwhrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

 jykr pihly mu`l dw ASCII djU y mu`l dy ASCII kof dy brwbr hovy qW ieh PMkSn zIro mu`l vwips krygw[ adu whrx
leI: strcmp(“punjab”,“punjab”)

 jykr pihly mu`l dw ASCII dUjy mu`l dy ASCII kof qoN Cotw hovy qW ieh PMkSn nkwrwqmk (Negative) mu`l vwips
krygw[ audwhrx leI: strcmp(“india”,“punjab”)

 jykr pihly mu`l dw ASCII dUjy mu`l dy ASCII kof qoN v`fw hovy qW ieh PMkSn skwrwqmk (Positive) mu`l vwips
krygw[adu whrx leI: strcmp(“punjab”,”india”)

6. strupr() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kr[o
au: PMkSn strupr dw prU w nW string upper hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN id`qy sitMRg mu`l nUM AMgRyjI dy vf` y A`KrW (Capital
Letters) ivc qbdIl krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mOjdU huMdw hY[ ies leI ies
PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM Awpxy poRgrwm ivc string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI adu whrx ies
PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

strupr(“Punjab”);
ieh PMkSn sitRMg mu`l Punjab nUM v`fy A`KrW PUNJAB ivc qbdIl kr dyvgy w[
7. strlwr() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn strlwr dw pUrw nW string lower hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN id`qy sitMRg mu`l nUM AMgRyjI dy Coty A`KrW (Small
Letters) ivc qbdIl krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn string.h hYfr PweIl ivc mOjUd huMdw hY[ ies leI ies
PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM Awpxy poRgrwm ivc string.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI adu whrx ies
PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 4

strlwr(“PUNJAB”);
ieh PMkSn sitRMg mu`l PUNJAB nUM Cto y A`KrW punjab ivc qbdIl kr dvy ygw[
8. atoi() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
au: PMkSn atoi dw pUrw nW ascii to integer hY[ ies PMkSn dI vrqoN id`qy sitMRg AMkW nUM ieMtIzr AMkW ivc qbdIl krn
leI kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh sitRMg PMkSn stdlib.h hYfr PweIl ivc mjO Ud huMdw hY[ ies leI ies PMkSn nUM vrqx leI swnUM
Awpxy poRgrwm ivc stdlib.h hYfr PweIl Swiml krnI pYNdI hY[ hyTW id`qI audwhrx ies PMkSn dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

atoi(“456”);
ieh PMkSn sitRMg mu`l “456” nUM ieMtIzr AMk 456 ivc qbdIl kr dvy ygw[

pwT – 3
XUzr ifPwieMf PMkSnz
1. AwrgUmYNt Aqy pYrwmItr ivc AMqr ilKo[
au: ieh PMkSnW leI vrqy jwx vwly vyrIeybl jW mu`l huMdy hn[ ieh PMkSnW leI iek gYr-jrUrI ih`sw huMdy hn[ iehnW dI
vrqoN PMkSnW ivc loV Anuswr kIqI jWdI hY[ieh do iksmW dy huMdy hn:

 AwrgUmYNts jW AslI pYrwmItrz (Arguments or Actual Parameters): ijhVy vyrIeybl PMkSn nUM kw`l krn smyN
id`qy jWdy hn anu WH nUM AwrgUmYNts ikhw jWdw hY[ iehnW nUM AslI pYrwmItrz vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh AwrgUmYNts
PMkSn dy nW qoN bwAd gol brYktW ivc ilKy jWdy hn[

 pYrwmItrs jW rsmI pYrwmItrz (Parameters or Formal Parameters): ijhVy vyrIeybl PMkSn dI prIBwSw smyN
id`qy jWdy hn anu WH nUM pYrwmItrz ikhw jWdw hY[ iehnW nUM rsmI prY wmItrz vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh prY wmItrs
PMkSn dy nW qoN bwAd gol brYktW ivc ilKy jWdy hn[ ieh pYrwmItrs PMkSn kwl ivc idqy gey mu`lW nUM pRwpq
krdy hn[
hyTW id`qI adu whrx AwrgUmYNts Aqy pYrwmItrz dI vrqoN nUM drSwauNdI hY[

2. PMkSn ifklyrySn dI kI loV huMdI hY?
au: PMkSn ifklyrySn nUM PMkSn pRototweIp vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh PMkSn pirBwSw qoN v`K huMdI hY[ PMkSn ifklyrySn dI
koeI bwfI nhIN huMdI[ iesdw AMq sYmIkwln (;) nwl huMdw hY[ PMkSn ifklyrySn kMpweIlr nUM PMkSn dI iksm, PMkSn dy
nW, AwrgUmYNt bwry sUcnw pRdwn krdw hY[ jdoN PMkSn nUM vrqx leI kwl kIqw jWdw hY qW kMpweIlr PMkSn nUM iesdI
ifklyrySn nwl ckY krdw hY[ jy PMkSn dI ifklyrSy n nW imly qW kMpwielr pRogrwm ivc glqI drSwauNdw hY[
3. PMkSn pirBwSw PMksn ifklyrySn qoN ikvyN iBMnH huMdI hY?
au: PMkSn ifklyrySn nUM PMkSn pRototweIp vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh PMkSn pirBwSw qoN v`K huMdI hY[ PMkSn ifklyrySn dI
koeI bwfI nhIN huMdI[ iesdw AMq sYmIkwln (;) nwl huMdw hY[ PMkSn ifklry ySn kMpweIlr nUM PMkSn dI iksm, PMkSn dy
nW, AwrgUmYNt bwry sUcnw pdR wn krdw hY[ jdoN PMkSn nUM vrqx leI kwl kIqw jWdw hY qW kMpweIlr PMkSn nUM iesdI
ifklyrySn nwl ckY krdw hY[ jy PMkSn dI ifklyrySn nW imly qW kMpwielr pRogrwm ivc glqI drSwauNdw hY[
PMkSn pirBwSw PMkSn dy kMmkwj nUM ibAwn krdI hY[ PMkSn dI pirBwSw ivc PMkSn dI iksm, PMkSn dw nW,
AwrgUmYNt Aqy PMkSn dI bwfI nUM ibAwn kIqw jWdw hY[ PMkSn dI bwfI ivc PMkSn dy kMm nUM ibAwn kIqw jWdw hY[
4. irtrn stytmYNt dI kI BUimkw huMdI hY[
au: irtrn (return) iek kIAvrf hY[ iesdI vrqoN PMkSn bnwaux smyN PMkSn dI bwfI ivc kIqI jw skdI hY[ auh
PMkSn ijhVy kwilMg PMkSn nUM mu`l vwips krdy hn, ahu nW PMkSnW nUM bnwaux smyN irtrn stytmYNt dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI
hY[ irtrn stytmYNt dI vrqoN kyvl auhnW PMkSnW ivc kIqI jWdI hY ijhVy iksy mu`l nUM kwilMg PMkSn nUM vwips krdy hn[
irtrn stytmYNt PMkSn ivc AwKrI stytmYNt hoxI cwhINdI hY[ audwhrx leI:

int sum(int a, int b) {
int c=a+b;
return c;
}
auprokq adu whrx ivc sum() PMkSn c dw mu`l kwilMg PMkSn nUM vwips krygw[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz nM: 5

5. PMkSn dI execution kdoN smwpq huMdI h?Y
au: PMkSn hdwieqW dw qwrkIk smUh (logical grouping) huMdw hY[ PMkSnW dI vrqoN iksy guMJldwr sm`isAw nUM Coty BwgW
ivc vMf ky h`l krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ PMkSn nUM ie`k vwr pirBwiSq krky keI vwr vriqAw jw skdw hY[ jdoN PMkSn
nUM kwl (call) kIqw jWdw hY qW ausdI execution SurU ho jWdI hY[ PMkSn dI ieh execution aus smyN q`k jwrI rihMdI hY
jdoN qk` ik PMkSn dI bwfI pUrI nhIN ho jWdI[ jdON PMkSn dI execution pUrI ho jWdI hY qW pRogrwm dw ktM rol kwilMg
PMkSn kol clw jWdw hY[
6. PMkSnW dI vrqoN dy lwB ilKo[
au: PMkSnW dI vrqoN krn dy keI lwB huMdy hn[ ku`J mu`K lwB ies pkR wr hn:
1. PMkSnW dI vrqoN nwl iksy guMJldwr sm`isAw nUM Coty BwgW ivc vMf ky h`l krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[
2. PMkSnW dI vrqoN nwl pRogrwm nUM fIb`g (Debug) krnw Awswn ho jWdw hY[
3. PMkSnW ivc bdlwv krnw Aqy auhnW dI sMBwl krnw sOKw huMdw hY[
4. PMkSn pROgrwm kof dI muVvrqoN nUM sOKw krdy hn[
5. Coty PMkSn kof nUM vDIAw qrIky nwl ibAwn (Self-Documenting) krdy hn[
6. ieh poRgrwmr nUM vwr vwr vrqy jwx vwly PMkSnW dI lweIbRyrI bnwaux ivc mdd krdy hn[
7. ieh twp-fwaUn mwfUlr pRogrwimMg ivDI dI shUlq pRdwn krdy hn[

hor mh`qvpUrn pSR n
1. PMkSn kI huMdy hn? iehnW dIAW iksmW ilKo[
au: PMkSn iek sb-pRogrwm huMdw hY[ iesnUM rUtIn jW pRosIzr vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh pRogrwm ivc hdwieqW dw qwrkIk

smUh (logical grouping) huMdw hY[ PMkSnW dI vrqoN iksy guMJldwr sm`isAw nUM Coty BwgW ivc vMf ky h`l krn leI kIqI

jWdI hY[ PMkSn nUM ie`k vwr pirBwiSq krky keI vwr vriqAw jw skdw hY[ rn kIqy jwx vwly hr ie`k pRogrwm ivc

main() PMkSn dw hoxw jrUrI huMdw hY[ pRogrwm dw c`lxw ies main() PMkSn qoN hI SurU huMdw hY[ ies qrWH AsIN kih skdy

hW ik main() PMkSn pRogrwm nUM clwaux leI iek AYNtrI puAwietM pRdwn krdw hY[

PMkSnW dIAW iksmW:
PMkSnW nUM hyT ilKIAW do muK` iksmW ivc vMifAw jw skdw hY:

1. lweIbRyrI PMkSn
2. XUzr ifPwieMg PMkSn
2. lweIbRyrI PMkSn kI huMNdy hn?
au: auh PMkSn ijhVy sI BwSw ivc pihlW qoN hI bxy bxwey huMdy hn, aunHW nUM lweIbRyrI/stYNfrf/ien-iblt PMkSn kihMdy
hn[ ieh swry PMkSn v`K-v`K hYfr PweIlW ivc pRbMiDq kIqy gey huMdy hn[ iksy vI lweIbRyrI PMkSn nUM vrqx qoN pihlW
aus nwl sMbMiDq hYfr PweIl nUM pRogrwm ivc Swiml krnw jrUrI huMdw hY[ clrscr(), printf(), scanf() PMkSn Awid
lweIbRyrI PMkSnW dIAW audwhrxW hn[ ienpu`t/Awatu pu`t PMkSn scanf(), printf() PMkSn stdio.h hYfr PweIl ivc
pirBwiSq kIqy gey hn[ iesleI iehnW PMkSnW nUM vrqx leI stdio.h hYfr PweIl nUM pROgrwm ivc Swiml krnw pYNdw
hY[ iesy qrWH stirMg PMkSn strcpy(), strcmp(), strlen() Awid dI vrqoN krn leI string.h hYfr PweIl nUM pRogrwm ivc
Swiml kIqw jWdw hY[
3. XzU r ifPwieMf PMkSn kI huMNdy hn?
au: auh PMkSn ijhVy vrqoNkwr (XUzr) duAwrw Ku`d pirBwiSq kIqy jWdy hn, aunWH nUM XUzr ifPwieMf PMkSn ikhw jWdw hY[
XUzr AwpxI jrUrq Anuswr Awpxy PMkSn Ku`d iqAwr kr skdw hY[ sI BwSw ivc bxwieAw jwx vwlw main() PMkSn vI
XUzr ifPwieMf PMkSn hY jo XUzr AwpxI jrUrq Anuswr Ku`d pirBwiSq krdw hY[
4. storyz klwsW (STORAGE CLASSES) kI huMdIAW hn?
au: storyz klwsW sI pRogrwm ivc vry Ieybl dy vrqoN Kqy r (Scope) Aqy mYmrI ivc iesdI hoNd (Life) nUM pirBwiSq krdy
hn[ sI BwSw ivc cwr storyz klwsW vrqIAW jWdIAW hn, jo ik hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:

1. AwtomYitk-vyrIeybl (Automatic Variables)

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 6

2. rjIstr-vyrIeybl (Register Variables)

3. stYitk-vyrIeybl (Static Variables)

4. AYkstrnl-vyrIeybl (External Variables)

pwT-4
ivMfo mUvI mykr- I
1. ivMfzo mUvI mykr swPtvAy r dy aupXog ilKo[
au: ivMfo mUvI mykr vIfIE nUM AYfIt krn leI vriqAw jwx vwlw iek swPtvAy r hY[ ieh swPtvAy r ivMfoz-AYks pI
(Win XP) dw hI iek Bwg huMdw hY[ ivMfoz mvU I mky r ivc AsIN qsvIrW, vIfIE kil`ps, Aqy swauNf (Awvwz) PweIlz nUM
imlw ky vIfIE bxw skdy hW[ mUvI nUM vDyry pRBwvSwlI bnwaux leI ies ivc tweItlz, tRWzISns Aqy vIfIE iePYkts
vI lgwey jw skdy hn[ ivfM o mUvI mky r ivc iqAwr kIqIAW vIfIE PweIlW nUM kMipaUtr jW iksy vI vIfIE-plyAr ivc
clw ky dyiKAw jw skdw hY[
2. ivMfzo mUvI mykr dy twskpyn ivc ikhVy-ikhVy AwpSn huMdy hn?
au: twskpyn Aqy kulkY Sn pyn ivMfo mvU I mykr ieMtrPsy ivc K`by pwsy mjO Ud huMdy hn[ iehnW
donWH ivcoN koeI iek hI iek smyN qy idKweI dyvygw[ jykr twsk pyn idKweI nW dy irhw hovy qW
tUlbwr aupr mjO Ud twskpyn btn aupr kil`k krky iesnUM dyiKAw jw skdw hY[ ies pyn ivc
mUvI bnwaux nwl sMbMDq keI AwpSnW mOjUd huMdIAW hn[ iehnW AwpSnW nUM hyT ilKy 3 BwgW
ivc vMifAw igAw hY:

 kYpcr vIfIE (Caputre Video):ies Bwg ivc qsvIrW, AvwjW Aqy vIfIEz nUM
iemport (Import) krn nwl sMbMDq AwpSnW huMdIAW hn[

 AYift mUvI (Edit Movie): ies Bwg ivc auh AwpSnW mOjUd huMdIAW hn ijnWH dI
vrqoN nwl mUvI ivc iePYkt, tRWzISnW Aqy tweItl Awid lgw skdy hW[

 iPnIS mvU I (Finish Movie):ies Bwg ivc mvU I nUM svy krn nwl sMbMDq AwpSnW
huMdIAW hn[

3. ieMport vIfIE PweIl AwpSn dy „vIfIE PweIl qoN
k`ilp bnwaxu w‟ (Create clip from video file) dw kI
aupXog hY[
au: mUvI twsk pyn dy Import Video AwpSn qy kilk` krn
qoN bwAd ijhVw fwielwg bwks Ku`ldw hY asu ivc ieh
AwpSn mjO Ud huMdI hY[ ieh AwpSn iek cY~kbwks dy rUp
ivc ies fwielwg bwks dy in`cly pwsy mOjUd huMdI hY[
jykr AsIN ieMpro t kIqI jwx vwlI ivfIE nUM Coty-Coty
kil`ps ivc vMf ky ieMport krnw cwhuMdy hW qW AsIN ies cYk
bwks nUM kilk` krn bwAd ivfIE nUM ieMport krWgy[
prMqU jykr AsIN ies cY`kbwks nUM kil`k kIqy ibnWH ivfIE nUM
ieMport krWgy qW slYkt kIqI ivfIE ie`k isMgl ivfIE
PweIl dy qOr qy hI ieMport hovygI[

4. kil`p Aqy vIfIE ivc AMqr ilKo[
au: ie`k vIfIE nMU Coty BwgW ivc vMfx nwl kil`p bxdI hY[ vIfIE dw swiez ki`lp dy mku wbly kwPI v`fw huMdw hY Aqy
vIfIE dw smW vI kil`p dy mukwbly ijAwdw huMdw hY[ jdoN ik keI kil`ps nUM jOV ky iek vIfIE PweIl vI bxweI jw
skdI hY[ ivMfo mUvI mykr ivc AsIN vIfIE qoN kil`ps Aqy kil`ps qoN vIfIE AwswnI nwl bxw skdy hW[
5. “Take Picture of Monitor” dw iesqymwl ikvNy krogy?
au: Take Picture btn ivMfo mUvI mky r dy mno Itr Bwg aupr mOjUd huMdw hY[ies dI vrqoN iksy vIfIE ivcoN iksy Prym
(Frame) nUM qsvIr dy qOr qy pRwpq krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ pRwpq kIqy Prym nMU skRInSwt vI ikhw jw skdw hY[ ies
btn nwl vIfIE dw iek Prym kMipaUtr ivc iek PweIl dy qOr qy svy krky r`iKAw jw skdw hY[ tyk ipkcr btn
(Take Picture Button) dI vrqoN dy stYp hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:

1. kMntYNt pyn ivcoN vIfIE kil`p dI cOx kro[
2. monItr dy hyTly Bwg ivc mOjUd Seek Bar aupr mOjUd slweIfr nUM aus jgwH lY jwE ij`QoN AsIN vIfIE Prym nUM
qsvIr dy qor qy pRwpq krnw cwhuMdy ho[
3. monItr aupr mOjUd Take Picture btn aupr click kr[o
4. qsvIr (skRInSwt) syv krn leI fwielwg bwks Ku`lygw, PweIl dw nW Br ky svy btn qy kil`k kro[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 7

pwT-6
nYtvrikMg sMklp
1. nYtvrk kI huMdw hY?
au: iek kMipaUtr nYtvrk do jW do qoN v`D kMipaUtrW nUM Awps ivc joVn nwl bxdw hY[ nYtvrk swDnW (resources) nUM

sWJw (share) krn leI bxwieAw jWdw hY[ iek nYtvrk ivc kMipaUtrW nUM Awps ivc joVn leI sMcwr cYnlW dI vrqoN
kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh sMcwr cYnl qwrW jW ibnWH qwrW vwly ho skdy hn[ nYtvrk ivc kMipaUtrW nUM Awps ivc joVn leI
dUrI dI koeI h`d nhIN huMdI[

2. kMipaUtr nUM AYnwlwg tYlIPon lweIn nwl joVn vwly XMqr dw nW ilKo[ ies dIAW iksmW vI ilKo[
au: kMipaUtr nUM AYnwlwg tYlIPon lweIn nwl joVn vwly XMqr nUM mwfm ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh do iksmW dy huMdy hn: bwhrI
Aqy AMdrUnI mwfm[ iehnW dw vrnx ies pkR wr hY:

1. bwhrI mwfm (External Modem): ieh kMipaUtr qoN Al`g iek v`Krw XMqr huMdw hY[
iesnUM kMipaUtr dy sIrIAL port (Serial Port) COM1 jW COM2 nwl joiVAw jWdw hY[
ieh mwfm AMdrUnI mwfm dy mku wbly mihMgy huMdy hn[ pr iehnW dI sMcwr gqI AMdrUnI
mwfm dy mukwbly izAwdw huMdI hY[
2. AMdrUnI mwfm (Internal Modem): ieh iek ipMRtf srkt borf (Printed circuit
board) huMdw hY[ iesnUM isstm XUint dy AMdr lgwieAw jWdw hY[ ieh mwfm bwhrI mwfm
dy mku wbly ssqy huMdy hn[ pr iehnW dI sMcwr gqI bwhrI mwfm dy mku wbly G`t huMdI hY[
3. sMcwr cYnl dI pirBwSw ilKo[
au: sMcwr cYnl nUM sMcwr mIfIAw vI ikhw jWdw hY[ sMcwr cYnl auh cYnl huMdy hn ijs rwhIN
nYtvrk ivc fwtw nUM iek kMipaUtr qoN dUjy kMipatU r q`k ByijAw jWdw hY[ sMcwr cYnl do iksmW dy huMdy hn: gwieff
mIfIAw Aqy Angwieff mIfIAw[
4. nYtvrk toplo ojI kI hY?
au: nYtvrk ivc kMipaUtrW nUM v`K-v`K FMgW nwl pRbMDq krn dy qrIikAW nUM nYtvrk topoljo Iz ikhw jWdw hY[ iek
nYtvrk ivc kMipaUtrW nUM keI qrIikAW nwl pRbMiDq kIqw jw skdw hY[ ies leI nYtvrk topolojIz keI iksmW dIAW
huMdIAW hn, ijvyN ik stwr topolojI, bs topolojI, irMg tpo olojI, tRI topolojI, mYS toplo jI[
5. URL kI huMdw hY?
au: ieMtrnYt aupr hryk vYbpyz dw iek ivl`Kx AfY rYs huMdw hY[ ies AyfrYs nUM hI XunIPwrm irsors lko ytr ikhw jWdw
hY[ ieMtrntY aupr iksy vYb-pyz q`k phuMc krn leI swnUM vYb-bRwaUzr ivc ausdw URL tweIp krnw pYNdw h[Y URL dI
audwhrx hyT ilKy Anuswr hY:

6. WWW kI hY?
au: vrlf vweIf vYb nUM www jW web jW W3 dw nW nwl vI jwixAw jWdw hY[ ieh vYb srvrW dw iek smhU huMdw hY[
vrlf vweIf vYb ivc scU nw nUM vYb pyjW ivc stor kIqw jWdw hY[ vYb pjy W nUM HTML ivc bxwieAw jWdw hY[ HTML vYb
pyjW dI bxqr Aqy q`qW nUM pirBwiSq krdw hY[ vYb pyz ivc tYkst, qsvIrW, AwfIE, vIfIE, AynImySn Awid ho skdy
hn[ iek dUjy nwl sMbMDq vbY pyjW dy smUh nUM vYb-sweIt ikhw jWdw hY[ vYb-sweIt nUM vYb –srvr aupr stor kIqw jWdw
hY[ iek vYbswiet dy pyjW nUM Awps ivc hweIprilMks dAu wrw joiVAw jWdw hY[ vYb pyz ivc hweIprilMk inly rMg ivc
AMfrlweIn kIqy hoey nzr AwauNdy hn[ vYbsweIt dy sB qoN pihly vYb pyz nUM hompyz (Homepage) ikhw jWdw hY[ vYbpyzW
nUM dyKx leI vYb-bRwauzr (web-browser) dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ ku`J Awm vrqy jwx vwly vYb bRwaUzr hn – gUgl kRom
(Google Chrome), ieMtrnYt Aky splorr (Internet Explorer), PwierPoks (Firefox)

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz n:M 8

7. ieMtrnYtvrikMg kI huMdI hY?
au: v`K-v`K nYtvrkW nUM Awps ivc joVn dw pRosYs ieMtrnYtvrikgM AKvwauNdw hY Aqy ies qrW dy bxwey gey nYtvrkW nUM
ieMtrnYtvrk ikhw jWdw hY[ ieMtrnYtvrk ivc v`K-v`K nYtvrkW nUM Awps ivc joVn leI keI iksmW dy XMqrW dI vrqoN

kIqI jWdI hY ijvyN ik: rwatU r (Router), gytvyA (Gateway) Awid[

8. FTP kI huMdI hY? iesdy lwB ilKo[
au: ieh ieMtrntY leI vriqAw jwx vwlw stYNfrf pRotko ol hY[ iehnW pRotokolz dI vrqoN ieMtrnYt aupr kMipaUtrW ivckwr

PweIlW tWRsPr krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ FTP pRotokol ieMtrnYt dy TCP/IP pRotokolz dI mdd nwl hI PweIlW dI Adlw-

bdlI krdy hn[ ieMtrnYt aupr PweIlW dI Adlw bdlI krn ivc FTP kwPI lwBdwiek is`D hudM I hY[
9. nYtvrk h`b kI huMdw hY? iesdy lwB kI hn?

au: nYtvrk h`b iek sMcwr XMqr hY jo nYtvrk bnwaux leI vriqAw jWdw hY[ ieh

do jW do qoN v`D ieQrnYt (Ethernet) nYtvrkW nUM Awps ivc joVn dw kMm krdw hY[
ieh iehnW nYtvrkW nUM joV ky iekihry nYtvrk dy qOr qy drSwauNdw hY[ ie`k h`b
keI lweInW qoN ienpu`t pRwpq krdw hY[ jdoN h`b iksy vI ie`k ienpu`t lweIn qoN
fwtw pRwpq krdw hY qW ieh ies pRwpq fwtw nUM bwkI swrIAW lweInW aupr Byj idMdw

hY[ h`b nUM Awm qOr qy stwr topolojI ivc vriqAw jWdw hY[
10. fwtw bdlI (fwtw tRWsPr) dI pirBwSw idE[ iesdIAW iekweIAW kI hn?
au: kMipatU rW ivckwr fwtw dI Adlw bdlI krnw fwtw tWRsPr AKvwauNdw hY[ iek im`Qy smyN ivc fwtw dI ijMnHI mwqrw

kMipaUtrW ivckwr tRWsPr kIqI jWdI hY, aus nUM fwtw bdlI dr ikhw jWdw hY[ fwtw bdlI dr nUM ibts (bits)ivc
pRgtwieAw jWdw hY[ fwtw bdlI dIAW iekweIAW ib`t drW ivc hyT ilKy Anuswr ho skdIAW hn:

kbps - kilobits per second gbps - gigabits per second

mbps - megabits per second tbps - terabits per second

11. qusIN sMcwr mwiDAm Sbd qoN kI smJdy ho?
au: sMcwr mwiDAm nUM sMcwr cYnl vI ikhw jWdw hY[ sMcwr mwiDAm auh mwiDAm huMdy hn ijs rwhIN nYtvrk ivc fwtw nUM

iek kMipaUtr qoN djU y kMipaUtr q`k ByijAw jWdw hY[ sMcwr mwiDAm do iksmW dy huMdy hn: gwieff mIfIAw Aqy
Angwieff mIfIAw[
pwT-8
(eI-gvrnYNs)

1. JIT qoN qusIN kI smJdy ho?
au: eI-gvrns dI vrqo iksy vI QW qy iksy vI smyN kIqI jw skdI hY[ dPqrW iv`c kMm kwr krn dw smW inrDwirq huMdw

hY[ ies inrDwirq smyN qoN pihlW jW bwAd ivc` dPqrW iv`c kMm krvwaunw lokW leI sMBv nhIN sI prMqU eI-gvrnYs dI
vrqo nwl iehnW dPqrW nwl sMbMDq kMm kwj AsIN iksy vI smyN iksy vI QW qy rih ky ieMtrnY`t dI vrqo nwl kr skdy

hW[ audwhrx leI bYNk iv`coN pYsy kFvwaux leI swnMU bYNk dy Ku`lx dw ieMqjwr nhIN krnw pYNdw sgoN ATM dI vrqo krky

AsIN iksy vI smyN ieh kmM kr skdy hW[ ies qrHW dy isstm nMU Just in Time (JIT) vI ikhw jWdw hY[

2. i-ticketing kI huMdI hY?
au: AweI-itkitMg dw pUrw nW ieMtrnY`t itkitMg hY[ ieh ie`k kwgzI itkt huMdI hY jo AsIN rylvy dI vYb sweIt qoN KrId
skdy hW[ itkt bu`k krdy smyN swnMU Xwqrw Aqy muswPrW dI jwxkwrI rylvy vY`b sweIt au`pr BrnI pYNdI hY[ iehnW itktW
dI pymYNt vI Awn-lweIn hI kIqI jWdI hY[ ieh itktW korIAr rwhIN do-iqMn idnW iv`c id`qy hoey pqy au`pr phuMcweIAW

jWdIAW hn[ ieh TIk ausy qrHW dI hI itkt huMdI hY jo AsIN rylvy itkt kwauNtr au`pr pRwpq krdy hW pr ies isstm
dIAW kuJ kmIAW hn jo ies pRkwr hn:

 ieh itkt AsIN Awn-lweIn r`d nhIN kr skdy[ itkt rd` krvwaux leI swnMU rly vy itkt kwauNtr qy hI jwxw
pvygw[

 swnMU ieh itkt Xwqrw krn qoN ku`J idn pihlW KrIdxI pvygI[ ies nUM qqkwl (qurMq) buk` nhIN kIqw jw skdw[

3. e-ticketing kI huMdI hY?

au: eI-itkitMg dw pUrw nW ielYktRoink –itkitMg hY[ ieh itkt rylvy dy tweIm tyvl Anuswr Awn-lweIn bu`k kIqI jw
skdI hY[ eI-itkt bu`k krn leI swnMU Awpxw pihcwn p`qr (votr kwrf/AwDwr kwrf Aid) dIAW sUcnwvW dI loV pYNdI
hY[ itkt bu`k krn qoN bwAd AwnlweIn itkt dw ipMRt k`iFAw jWdw hY[ Xwqrw krdy smyN ieh ipMRtf itkt Aqy pihcwx

p`qr XwqrI nMU nwl r`Kxw pYNdw hY[ itktW dI pymYNt krn leI ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg/ ATM kwrf/kRyift kwrf Awid dI vrqo

kr skdy hW[ ies itkt nMU AsIN AwnlweI rd` vI kr skdy hW[ ieh itktW dI bUikMg qqkwl (sPr qoN kuJ smyN pihlW)
vI kr skdy hW[

4. e-governance dw kI mh`qv hY?
au: Aj` k`l eI-gvrnYs dI vrqo hr Kyqr-is`iKAw, vpwr, srkwrI sMsQwvW Awid iv`c kIqI jWdI hY[ Aj` k`l hr Sihr

iv`c eI-gvrnYs suivDw kyNdr, sMprk kyNdr mOjUd hn jo lokW nMU keI iksmW dIAW suvIDwvW pdR wn krdy hn[ eI-gvrnYs
dw kwPI mh`qv hY ikauNik ieh lokW nMU keI qrHW dy lwB pRdwn krdI hY[ kuJ mu`K lwB hyTW ilKy Anuswr hn:

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz nM: 9

 G`t kImq: eI- gvrnYs isstm dI lwgq ies nMU SurU krn smyN ijAwdw huMdI hY pr jdoN ie`k bwr ieh isstm
lwgU ho jWdw hY qW roz dy hox vwly Krcy kwPI G`t jWdy hn[

 qyz rPqwr: eI-gvrnYNs nwl kMm dI rPqwr v`D jWdI hY[ audwhrx leI pihlW rylvy itktW bu`k krn leI swnMU
rylvy stytSn jwxw pYNdw sI pr hux rylvy nwl sMbMDq hr qrHW dI suvIDw rylvy dI vY`b sweIt au`pr auplvD huMdI
hY[ hux AsIN Gr bYTy kMipatU r jW mobwiel Aqy ieMtrnYt` dI vrqo krky rylvy itkt bu`k kr skdy hW[

 iksy vI jgHw-iksy vI smyN (Any Where Any Time): eI-gvrns dI vrqo iksy vI QW qy iksy vI smyN kIqI jw
skdI hY[ dPqrW ivc` kMm kwr krn dw smW inrDwirq huMdw hY[ ies inrDwirq smyN qoN pihlW jW bwAd iv`c
dPqrW iv`c kMm krvwaunw lokW leI sMBv nhIN sI prMqU eI-gvrnYs dI vrqo nwl iehnW dPqrW nwl sMbMDq kMm
kwj AsIN iksy vI smyN iksy vI QW qy rih ky ieMtrnY`t dI vrqo nwl kr skdy hW[ audwhrx leI bYNk iv`coN pYsy
kFvwaux leI swnMU bYNk dy Ku`lx dw ieMqjwr nhIN krnw pYNdw sgoN ATM dI vrqo krky AsIN iksy vI smyN ieh kMm
kr skdy hW[ ies qrHW dy isstm nMU Just in Time (JIT) vI ikhw jWdw hY[

 Awswn pRbMD: eI-gvrnYNs kwrn dPqrW iv`c pRbMDn dw kMm Awswn ho igAw hY[ ies nwl srkwrI ssM QwvW dy
kMm kwz ivc` vI pwrdriSqw AweI hY[

5. suivDw sYNtr dy koeI 5 mu`K aupXogW dw vrnx kro[
au: suivDw sYNtr dy mu`K aupXog ies pRkwr hn:

1. suivDw kyNdr iv`coN stwm pypr KrIdy jw skdy hn[
2. hliPAw ibAwn qsdIk krn dI suvIDw vI iehnW kyNdrW ivc` mOjUd hudM I hY[
3. ieh kyNdr jnm/mOq srtIiPkyt bxvwaux dI suvIDw pRdwn krdy hn[
4. pwsport bxvwaux leI ibnY-p`qr iehnW kyNdrW ivc` jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[
5. hiQAwrW dy lweIsYNs bxvwaux leI ibnY-p`qr vI iehnW kyNdrW iv`c jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[
6. lweIsYNs irinaU (Renew) krvwaux leI vI ibnY-p`qr vI iehnW kyNdrW iv`c jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[
7. vwhxW dI rijstRySn sMbMDI ibnY-p`qr vI iehnW kyNdrW iv`c jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[
8. ibjlI dy ibl vI iehnW kyNdrW ivc` jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[
9. ivAwhW dy pMjIkrn leI ibnYp`qr vI iehnW kyNdrW iv`c jmW krvwey jw skdy hn[

hor mh`qvpUrn pRSn
pR:1 eI-gvrnYNs (E-Governance) kI hY?
au: srkwrI syvwvW jo ik ifzItl rUp ivc ieMtrntY dI vrqoN nwl pRdwn kIqIAW jWdIAW hn, nUM eI-gvrnYNs ikhw jWdw
hY[ ieh vI ikhw jw skdw hY ik ieh srkwrI sMsQwvW duAwrw sUcnw qknwlojI dI vrqoN huMdI hY[ iesdI vrqNo srkwrI
syvwvW nUM lokW q`k vDIAw qrIky nwl phuMcwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[ sQwnk srkwrW, rwj srkwrW Aqy kyNdrI srkwrW ny
AwpxIAw vYbsweItW sQwipq kIqIAW hoeIAW hn ijnWH qoN lok keI iksm dI jwxkwrI pRwpq kr skdy hn, v`K-v`K
iksmW dy Pwrm fwanU lof kr skdy hn, srkwrI sMsQwvW dy pRqIinDIAW jW dPqrW dy Pon nMbr Aqy pqy hwsl kIqy jw
skdy hn[ eI-gvrns dIAW vrqoN dIAW kuJ mu`K adu whrxW:Awn-lweIn pwsport AplweI krnw, Awmdn kr Brnw,
rylvy qy hvweI jhwzW dIAW itktW Awn-lweIn bu`k krnw Awid hn[

pR:2 ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg (Internet Banking) qoN kI Bwv hY?iesdy swnUM kI lwB hn?

au: ieMtrnY~t bYNikMg eI-gvrnYN`s dI bhuq vI vDIAw adu whrx hY[ ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg ny bYNkW dy kMm kwz dy isstm nMU bdl
ky r`K id`qw hY[ ijhVy kMm pihlW bYNkW iv`c jw ky krny pYNdy sn auh kmM hux AsIN Gr bYTy mwaUs dy ie`k kilk` nwl kr
skdy hW[ ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg dy hyTW ilKy lwB dyKy jw skdy hn[

 gRwhk Awpxy bYNk Kwqy nwl sMbMDq jwxkwrI iksy vI smyN Gr bYTy pRwpq kr skdy hn[

 ie`k Kwqy iv`coN dUjy Kwqy iv`c iksy vI smyN Gr bYTy pYsy tRWsPr kIqy jw skdy hn[

 Awpxy fvY It/kRYift kwrf nMU AwnlweIn kMtrol kIqw jw skdw hY[

 bYNkW v`loN SurU kIqIAW nvINAW skImW bwry jwxkwrI pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY[

 ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg swfy Kwqy nMU pUrI qrHW sur`iKAq r`Kdy hn[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz nM: 10
AMk:50
12vIN jmwq - mwfl pypr
kMipaUtr swieMs
sYSn: 2020-21

smW: 3 GMty

not: pRSn-p`qr iqMnH BwgW a, A Aqy e ivc vMifAw igAw hY[ Bwg-a dy pRSn:1 ivc bhu-ivklpI pRSn hn pRSn:2 KwlI QwvW nwl sMbMDq
hY Aqy pRSn:3 shI jW glq, pUry rUp Aqy Swrtk`t kIAz nwl sMbMDq hY[ Bwg-A ivc pRSn 4 qoN pRSn 8 q`k Coty au`qrW vwly pRSn hn[
ies Bwg dy do pRSnW ivc AMdrnu I Cot id`qI geI hY[ Bwg-e ivc pRSn 9 qoN 10 q`k v`fy au`qrW vwly pRSn hn ijMnHW ivc AMdrnu I Cot id`qI
geI hY[hrky pRSn dy AMk ausdy swhmxy drSwey gey hn[

Bwg-a

pRSn:1 bhu-ivklpI pRSn[
i. kMpwielr inrdSy _________ icMnH qoN SurU huMdy hn[
ii. 1
iii. a. $ A. % e. # s. @ 1
iv. 1
v. stirMg nUM aultwaxu leI ________ PMkSn dw iesqymwl kIqw jWdw hY[ 1
1
vi. a. strrev() A. reverse() e. strreverse() s. ienHW ivcoN koeI nhIN
1
sI BwSw ivc main PMkSnW dI igxqI ________ huMdI hY[

a. 1 A. 2 e. 3 s. 4

AwfIE jW vIifE kil`ps nUM v`K-vK` BwgW ivc vfM x leI ____ kmWf vrqI jWdI hY[

a. break A. divide e. split s. join

HTTP pRotokol _________ vwsqy vriqAw jWdw hY[

a. eImyl A. nYtvrk duAwly KbrW Byjx leI

e. WWW dy pnM yH dyx leI a. auprokq swry
srkwrI kwrjW nUM krn leI srkwr _____ dI pRikirAw dw iesqymwl krdI hY (suivDw sYNtr)

a. rylvy stSy n A. suivDw kNy dr e. bYNk s. fwk Gr

pRSn:2 KwlI QwvW Bro[ 1
i. ________ EprytrW nUM kMm krn leI iqnM EprYNfW dI jrUrq pYNdI hY[ 1
ii. hr sitRMg dI smwpqI __________ nwl hoxI cwhINdI hY[ 1
iii. PMkSn ifklyrySn _________ dy nwl Kqm huMdI hY[ 1
iv. iek vIifE PweIl dy Coty Bwg nUM __________ ikhw jWdw hY[ 1
v. _______ inXm (pRotokol) PweIl bdlI dw iDAwn r`Kdw hY[ 1
vi. smwijk kwrjW nUM krn leI pRikirAwvW dy smUh nUM _____ ikhw jWdw hY[

pRSn:3 hyTW drSwey Anuswr au`qr ilKo[ 1
i. stdio.h dw pUrw rUp ilKo[ 1
ii. 1
iii. URL dw pUrw rUp ilKo[ 1
iv.
JIT dw pUrw rUp ilKo[ 1
v. 1
vi. sitMRg lweIbRyrI PMkSn dI vrqoN leI pRogrwm ivc hYfr PweIl string.h dI vrqoN huMdI hY[
(shI/glq)

hr PMkSn dy ivc irtrn stytmYNt hoxI jrUrI hY[ (shI/glq)

ivMfzo mUvI mykr dI pRojYkt PweIl dI AYkstYNSn .mswmm huMdI hY[ (shI/glq)

pRSn:4 Bwg-A 4
pRSn:5 Coty au`qrW vwly pRSn: 4
sitMRg kI huMdw hY?

jW
strlen() PMkSn dI audwhrx sihq ivAwiKAw kro[
PMkSnW dI vrqoN dy lwB ilKo[

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)

jmwq 12vIN (kMipaUtr swieMs (Reduced Syllabus: 2020-21) – PSEB Mohali) pyz nM: 11

pRSn:6 ivMfzo mUvI mykr swPtvyAr dy aupXog ilKo[ 4
pRSn:7 4
pRSn:8 jW 4
pRSn:9 ivMfoz mUvI mykr dy twskpyn ivc ikhVy-ikhVy AwpSn huMdy hn? 6

pRsn:10 nYtvrk toplo ojI kI hY? 6

e-ticketing kI huMdI hY?

Bwg-e
v`fy au`qrW vwly pRSn:
gweIff mIfIAw Aqy AngweIff mIfIAw fwtw sMcwr mwiDAm kI huMdy hn? hryk dI imswl
idE[

jW
nYtvrk kI huMdy hn? v`K-v`K iksmW dy nYtvrkW nUM ibAwn kro[

ieMtrnY`t bYNikMg (Internet Banking) qoN kI Bwv hY?iesdy swnUM kI lwB hn?
jW

suivDw sYNtr dy mu`K aupXogW dw vrnx kro[

12vIN jmwq dy kMipaUtr swieMs dy pwTW dy ivfIE lYkcr dyKx leI jrUrq
Anuswr hyT id`qy ilMk aupr kil`k kro jI[

pwT-1 11vIN jmwq dI duhrweI https://youtu.be/A6J5GO56t4E
pwT-2 stirgM z https://youtu.be/j9ler5lctwk
https://youtu.be/Ux-K_Tk9HGM
pwT-3 PMkSnz https://youtu.be/xGGxbPtdtZc
https://youtu.be/6u8lu-G8zSw
pwT-4 ivMfoz mUvI mykr (Bwg-1) https://youtu.be/7s-mjrv9hjI
pwT-6 nY~tvrikMg sMklp https://youtu.be/o0w6hAdyjoM
pwT-8 eI-gvrnYNs

 islybs Anuswr tYst-pRYktIs leI qusIN hyTW id`qy ilMk dI vrqoN kr skdy ho:
http://cspunjab.nirmancampus.co.in/quizindex.php

 iksy vI jmwq dy stfI-mtIrIAl/eI-bu`ks fwaUnlof krn leI hyTW id`qy ilMk aupr kil`k kro:
http://cspunjab.nirmancampus.co.in/study.php

iqAwr krqw: ivkws kWsl (UGC-NET Qualified) (kMipaUtr PYkltI – s.s.s.s. (kM), sunwm)