Comprehensive-Grammar-Grade-1

The alphabet 2

Capital and small letters

These are capital letters. These are small letters.

ABCDEFGHIJKLMN abcdefghij klmn
OPQRSTUVWXYZ opqrstuvwxyz

All the letters from Aa to Zz are called the alphabet.
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet.
Say all the letters of the alphabet aloud.
Is B a capital letter or a small letter?

A Look at the letters of the alphabet below. Circle all the

capital letters.

A D eJ St
c g
h Lm y
b Q
F pw Z
V
K
rX
no

Capital and small letters 3

B Match the words in small letters to the same words in
capital letters.

ant FATHER
boy HOUSE
car GIRAFFE
doll CAR
eagle
ANT

father DOLL

giraffe EAGLE

house BOY

C Look at the letters carefully. Circle the letter that is

wrongly written in each word.

queeN jumP Long kangarOo

icecReam mAngo Near osTrich
Long River

Hello. I am Ram Kumar.
I am from Jaipur
My favorite cartoon
character is Dexter.

D Now write about yourself. Begin each name with a

capital letter.

Hello.
I am ___________.
I am from ___________.
My favourite cartoon character is ___________.

4

The alphabet

ABC order

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
Look at the order of the letters.

A comes before B, C comes after B, and so on.

The small letters have the same order too.
abcdefghij klmnopqrstuvwxyz

h comes before g. Yes No

ABC order is also called the alphabetical order.

A What comes before, after and in the middle? Fill in the

blanks.

.... B C .... Y Z Q R ....
K .... M C D .... .... O P
U V .... G .... I .... U V
.... KL

b....d r....t jk....
kl.... u....w s....u
m....o ....qr cd....
....yz

ABC order 5

B Arrange the names of these children in the correct ABC

order. Number them from 1 to 10.

Karma Luna Mary

1 David Sunny Laxmi

Chen Raju Neha

Tom

ABC order 6

C Arrange these animals in the alphabetical order.

tiger bear

lion

horse

penguin

rhino

bear

gorilla

ostrich
dog

yak

7

The alphabet

Vowels and consonants

aeiou
These five letters are vowels.
All the other letters of the alphabet are called consonants.
bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz
Is w a vowel or a consonant?

A All the words below have vowels in them. Write the

vowels in the circles.

umbrella
cauliflower
zebra
violin
hibiscus
mountains
leopard
crocodile
aeroplane
brother

Vowels and consonants 8

B All the words below have consonants in them. Write the

consonants in the squares.

tiger

dragon

needle

trousers

marigold

boxing

chocolate
helicopter

yellow

fish

Vowels and consonants 9

C Fill in the missing vowels.

fl __ g d __ sk m __ rror

__ nion d __ ck l __ mon

kang __ roo fr __ g b __ rd

dr __ m ostr __ ch gorill__

Vowels and consonants 10

D Fill in the missing consonants.

__ utterfly sol __ ier rai __ bow

ki __ e flo __ er tele __ ision

__ ouse __ ountain ladde __

bo __ es papa __ a __ ebra

11

Nouns

A Look at the picture.

Do you see an animal?
Do you see something that can fly?
Do you see a boy or a girl?
Do you see a place to live in?
Do you also see a place where ducks like to swim?

Nouns 12

B Look at the words below and look at the picture again.
Do you see them in the picture? Tick them if you see
them.

airplane boy car cat

dog duck garden girl

house log moon pond

river road sun tree

Remember!
Everything that you see in the picture is a
noun.

Boy is a noun. Pond is a noun.

Cat is a noun. Aeroplane is a noun.

A noun is a naming word. It names people,
places, animals and other things.

Is cow a noun? Yes No

Nouns 13

C Look at the nouns below. Put them into the correct

groups.

ball banana boy carrot cauliflower
chair computer elephant girl horse
hospital jug man mouse panda
papaya parrot pencil playground radish
school teacher temple woman zoo

people places things

animals and birds fruit and vegetables

D Now think of and write two nouns in each group.

people
places
things
animals and birds
fruit and vegetables

14

Nouns

Singular and plural

A Here is a vase full of beautiful

flowers. How many flowers do
you see altogether?

1 2 3
flower flowers flowers

9 10 11
flowers flowers flowers

B Count the number of flowers and write the number in

the boxes.

marigold dahlias
roses sunflowers
lotus hibiscus

A noun can be singular or plural.
Rose is a noun. It is the name of a flower.
Rose is a singular noun. It means one.
Roses is a plural noun. It means more than one.
Do you say two flower or two flowers?

Singular and plural 15

C Colour the correct pictures.

dog bananas

hens shirt

tents slide
house flower

Singular and plural 16

D Circle the correct word for each picture.

tulip tulips bag bags boy boys

dancer dancers house houses lion lions

egg eggs cup cups monkey monkeys

carrot carrots mountain mountains penguin penguins

Singular and plural 17

E Write S if the noun is singular and P if the noun is

plural.

doctor nurses

helicopters soaps

zoo swimming pool

tree apples

We can change many singular nouns into plural
nouns by adding the letter s.
cow cows
hill hills

F Write the plural form of these nouns.

clown town
driver balloon
bean clock
orange camel
road pigeon

Articles 18

a and an

an apple on a tree an elephant in a car

a man with an umbrella a bow and an arrow

We use a for words beginning with a consonant.

a tree a car
a man a bow

We use an for words beginning with a vowel.

an apple an elephant
an umbrella an arrow

Is it a balloon or an balloon? …. .………....

a and an 19

A What is this? Tick the correct answer and copy it.

an ant a cow
a bat an ox

an owl a fan
a parrot an umbrella

an ostrich a knife
a kangaroo an axe

an ice cream a bag
a flower an envelope

a and an 20

B Do you use a or an before these words? Write your

answers in the given spaces.

____ engine ____ table

____ pencil ____ oar

____ insect ____ telephone

____ mask ____ envelope

____ inkpot ____ train

Use a or an only with singular nouns.
a ball 9
an orange 9
a balls 2
an oranges 2
balls 9
oranges 9

C Put a tick (9) or a (2) an eggs
a bag
an orange an elephants
a flowers an apple
a butterflies
a vase

a and an 21

D Write the correct noun for each picture. Then write a or

an before the singular nouns.

owl

balloons

pizza

momos

oranges

snake

arrow

star

pens

eggs

22

Adjectives

A Look at Karun’s family photo. Everyone looks different

in the photo. How are they different?

grandfather grandmother father mother sister
baby brother Karun dog cat

B Match the names of the family members with the words

that describe them.

1. dirty grandfather and grandmother
2. thin father
3. angry mother
4. fat Karun
5. old sister
6. happy baby brother
7. small cat and dog

Adjectives 23

dirty thin angry fat old happy small
These words tell us about the people and animals in the
picture. They are adjectives.
An adjective is a word that tells us more about a
noun.
Adjectives are also called describing words.
a happy boy

Which is an adjective and which is a noun?
happy boy

C Choose an adjective from the box for each animal. Then

complete the sentences.

(a) Look at this _________ mouse. angry
(b) Elephants are _________. big
(c) Giraffes have _________ necks. bushy
(d) It is a _________ cat. dirty
(e) A rabbit has a _________ tail. fat
(f) A tortoise is a _________ animal. little
(g) Pigs like to live in _________ places. long
(h) Dogs are always _________ with the cats. slow

Adjectives 24

D Match the opposites.

1. beautiful cold 92
2. big heavy
3. fast low
4. fat sad
5. happy short
6. high slow
7. hot small
8. light thin
9. long 1 ugly
10. old wrong
11. right young

E Now fill in the blank spaces with the adjectives.

a _________ fairy and an ugly monster
a big book and a _________ book
a fast runner and a _________ runner
a _________ cat and a thin cat
a happy face and a _________ face
a high mountain and a _________ valley
a _________ day and a cold day
a _________ load and a heavy load
a long line and a _________ line
an _________ woman and a young girl
a right answer and a _________ answer

Adjectives 25

Colours can also be adjectives.
What do colours tell us about the nouns?
Of course they tell us about their colour!
green grass
black shoes
white shirt

F Fill in these words in the puzzle.

blue brown red yellow purple

What colour C
clothes are you O
wearing today? L
O
U
R
S

What colour is an
orange?
An orange is orange!

26

Nouns

Male and female

father and mother
Is father a man or a woman?
Are you a boy or a girl?

male nouns female nouns
father mother
man woman
boy girl

A Match each male to a female correctly.

boys grandmother
father woman

grandfather Ms Yadav

uncle sister

man girls

Mr Yadav mother
king queen

brother aunt

Male and female 27

B Now copy the male nouns and their female nouns in the

space below.

boys and girls

C Here are some names of animals. Write M for male and F

for female in the boxes.

lion cow hen nanny goat he-buffalo

lioness bull cock billy goat she-buffalo

Now write the male name or the female name for each
animal in the picture. Use your notebook.

28

Nouns

Young ones

Look at the animal families.
Do you know what the young ones are called?

cock hen nanny goat billy goat

lion lioness cow bull

A Here are the names for the young ones. Write them in

the correct places.

calf kid chick cub

Young ones 29

B Whose babies are these?

Match the babies with their parents.

1. lamb bear

2. gosling cat

3. chick cow

4. calf dog

5. cub duck

6. duckling goose

7. kitten hen

8. puppy horse

9. foal sheep

Young ones 30

C Now fill in the missing nouns. The babies are on the left

and the parents are on the right.

BABIES PARENTS

calf

hen

cub
duck

foal goose
kitten sheep

puppy

31

Nouns

Proper nouns

A Look at these two lists of nouns. How are they

different?

day Monday
boy Laxman
place Kathmandu
book Hello Grammar

These nouns begin with a These nouns begin
small letter. with a capital letter.

We give special names to people. The names
begin with a capital letter.

B Give a name to these people. You can choose the names
from the box.

Bina Dolma Rajesh Ramesh
Popeye Dexter Teddy Freddy

I am a girl. Hello.
My name is I am
_____________. _____________.

32

Do you know
my name?

Can you give
me a name
too?

________________ ________________

Your name is a special name.
Your name is a proper noun.
A proper noun is a special name of people, places,
animals and things.

C Here are two lists. Which is the list of proper nouns?

Write proper nouns in the correct box. Then write
common nouns in the other box.

boy Arun
girl Meena
man Mr Thapa
cartoon Tom and Jerry
park Sankha Park
river Bagmati
country Singapore
day Monday

Proper nouns 33

D Circle the proper nouns. river
Sunday
girl Nima Town Cinderalla

Delhi animal Jonny Bravo

story Ms Taylor mother

Names of the days are proper nouns too.

E Here are the seven days of the week. But they are in the

wrong order. Write them in the correct order.

Friday ______________

Monday ______________
Saturday ______________
Sunday ______________

Thursday ______________

Tuesday ______________
Wednesday ______________

34

Pronouns

Hello.
My name is Muna.
I am six years old.

This is my brother.
He is ten years old.

This is my mother. This is my father.
She is very nice. He is very nice too.

This is my house. These are Tommy
It is a beautiful house. and Kitty.
They are our pets.

We are all very
happy.
Are you happy
too?

Pronouns 35

I he she it you we they
These words are pronouns. Pronouns are words that
can be used in place of nouns.
The pronoun I is always written with a capital letter.

A Put the correct pronoun in the blank space.

My name is Sam. HELLO
I He ______ am six years old.

I have a brother.
He She ______ is ten years old.

I also have a sister. Sam
He She ______ is three years old.

My father is 30 years old.
He She ______ goes to office.

My mother works at home.
He She ______ takes care of us.

My father and mother are very nice.
We They ______ love us very much.

Tina and Robin are my friends.
We They ______ like to play together.

Pronouns 36

B Choose the correct pronouns from the box to fill in the

blanks.

I you he she it they we

Hello.
Do ______ know me?
My name is Sunny.
______ am six years old.

This is my Dad.
______ is a police officer.

This is my Mum.
______ is a nurse.

I like to play with Sonia and Binu.
______ are my sisters.

This is the picture of my family.
______ live in a town.

We have a beautiful house.
______ is red in colour.

37

Adjectives

Comparisons

A rhino is a big animal. An elephant is also a big animal.

But an elephant is bigger than a rhino.

This tree is tall. This giraffe is also tall.
Which is taller?
tree giraffe.

We use adjectives to compare two people or
things. Look at these comparisons.

tall taller
small smaller
strong stronger
easy easier

Comparisons 38

A Circle the correct adjective for each picture.

big bigger big bigger thick thicker thick thicker

thin thinner thin thinner fat fatter fat fatter

long longer long longer wide wider wide wider

happy happier happy happier high higher high higher
high higher

fast faster fast faster short shorter short shorter

Comparisons 39

B Answer these questions.

Which is thicker, your grammar book or your science
book?

_______________________________

Which is sweeter, icecream or honey?

_______________________________

Which is deeper, a well or a water tank?

_______________________________

Which is shorter, a giraffe or an elephant?

_______________________________

Which is colder, hills or mountains?

_______________________________

Which is bigger, your house or your school?

_______________________________

Who is taller, your father or your mother?

_______________________________

Which is harder, a football or a cricket ball?

_______________________________

Who is younger, You are
you or your taller, but I
teacher?
am bigger.

_______________________________

Which is nearer
from your house,
your school or your
uncle’s house?

______________

40

Verbs

Action words

A Tick (9) the things you do every day and cross out the

things you do not do.

I brush my teeth.
I wash my hands and face.
I drink milk.
I play with my pet.
I pluck flowers from the garden.
I eat my breakfast.
I help my mother.
I polish my shoes.
I read my books.
I take a bath.
I go to school.

B Read these words aloud.

brush wash drink play pluck
eat help polish read take go

All these words are about what you do. They
tell us about your action.

The words that tell the action are called verbs.

Is the word come a verb? Yes No

Action words 41

C Some words are verbs and some words are nouns.

Write V for verb and N for noun.

apple bird bring chair
cut dance door jump
run see sing talk
tree walk write zoo

D Write the correct verb for each action.

sing
dance
swim
walk
play
draw
shout
fight
teach

What do we do with our
eyes?

Action words 42

E Write the correct verbs in the blanks.

bite clap eat hug

kick pluck smell taste

We _____________ with our arms.
We _____________ with our hands.
We _____________ with our mouth.
We _____________ with our teeth.
We _____________ with our nose.
We _____________ with our fingers.
We _____________ with our foot.
We _____________ with our tongue.

43

Verbs

am, is and are

A Who is right?

I am a girl. I am a boy.

He is a doctor. He is an artist.

She is a teacher.
She is a student.

am, is and are 44

It is a cat.
It is a rat.

They are tall.

They are short.

We are happy. We are sad.

You are in Grade 1. You are in grade 2.

am, is and are 45

am is are
These are also verbs. They are called be verbs.

You use am with I.
I am

You use is with he, she and it.
He is She is It is

You use are with you, we and they.
You are We are They are

You is my friend. Right Wrong

B Use am, is or are to complete each sentence.

I ___________ reading a book.
They ___________ my father and mother.

He ___________ good at maths.

You ___________ my best friend.

We ___________ in the same class.

She ___________ a beautiful girl.

It ___________ my English book.

C Tick (9 ) the correct statements.

A cow is a plant.
Elephants are big animals.
Mountains are small.
A house is a place to live in.
Usha and Tara are the names of girls.
You and I are people.

am, is and are 46

Singular nouns take is and plural nouns take are.
a cow is
a house is
elephants are
mountains are
Two nouns or two pronouns take are.
Usha and Tara are
You and I are
My friend and I are

D Circle the correct choice.

A whale is A whale are a very big animal.

Your nails is Your nails are too long.

The girls is The girls are playing

An apple is An apple are good to eat.

Laxmi is Laxmi are a a tall girl.

Pema and Dolma is Pema and Dolma are good friends.

A whale is..?!
A whale are..?!

am, is and are 47

E Fill in the blanks with am, is or are.

1. We ______ watching television.
2. Rohit ______ a strong boy.
3. It ______ eight o’clock now.
4. She ______ a taxi driver.
5. Cats and dogs ______ pet animals.
6. You ______ late again.
7. My brother ______ a waiter.
8. We ______ good children.
9. My brother and I ______ in the same class.
10. Tom and Jerry ______ cartoon characters.
11. They ______ my parents.
12. He ______ our good neighbour.

I ______ in Grade 1.

48

Verbs

have and has

A Who is saying the right thing?

I have three eyes. I have two eyes.

The boy The girl
It has two legs. It has four legs.

The boy The girl

Have and has are verbs. They show possession.

We use have with I, you, we and they.
I have You have We have They have

We use has with he, she and it.
She has He has It has

You has ten fingers. Right Wrong

You have ten fingers. Right Wrong

have and has 49

B Use have or has correctly to fill in the blanks.

1. He ______ a sister.
2. They ______ a big house.
3. She ______ a nice car.
4. We ______ lots of books.
5. I ______ a little brother.
6. You ______ two pens.
7. It ______ a long tail.
8. He ______ many pencils.
9. We ______ a good school.
10. She ______ a grandmother.

An elephant has a An elephant
long trunk. has big ears.

Birds have wings. Birds have beaks too.

have and has 50

Singular nouns take has.
Plural nouns take have.
an elephant has
elephants have
a bird has
birds have

C Choose the correct noun from the box to fill in the

blanks.

1. __________ has horns. A goat Goats
2. __________ has fins. A fish Fishes
3. __________ have forked tongues. A snake Snakes
4. __________ has a long neck.
5. __________ have a large eyes. A giraffe Giraffes
Owls
An owl

D Fill in the blanks with either have or has.

1. The boy ______ short hair.
2. Girls ______ long hair.
3. Dogs ______ sensitive noses.
4. A car ______ four wheels.
5. Aeroplanes ______ wings.