New Science Connection Textbook P.1-P.6 Sample Chapter

1. Our Body

Eddy has a pet kitten named Roxy.
Which body parts do Eddy and
Roxy have in common?

Chapter 1 - Our Body 1

Let’s Look at...

• the different parts of your body
• why you need to keep your body clean
• how to keep your body clean

1.1 Our body

These children are having fun!
Can you do what they are doing?
Which parts of your body will you use to do these things?

2 New Science Connection 1

We use different parts of our bodies to do different things.

Let us look at some parts of the body.

Hand Fingers

Eye Head
Nose
Arm
Ear Mouth

Brain

Knee Lungs
Leg
Heart
Toes
Ankle
Foot

Stomach

Chapter 1 - Our Body 3

Put on Your Thinking Cap

Bend down and take off
your right shoe. You see your
shoe with your eyes. What
other parts of your body did
you move and use?

Key Ideas My body
is made up of

brain several parts
stomach

head such as toes
eyes ankles
ears lungs hands heart knees
nose feet
mouth fingers

arms legs

Go to WB Activity 1.1

4 New Science Connection 1

1.2 Keeping our body clean

Eddy is clean, but Wim is dirty. How can you tell that Wim
is dirty?
Everyone likes to play with Eddy. He is clean and healthy!
How about Wim?

Eddy

The dirt on Wim’s face makes his face itchy.
Wim scratches his head often. His dirty hair
makes his head itchy.

Wim

Chapter 1 - Our Body 5

Wim needs to wash his face
with soap and take a shower.
He needs to wash his hair
with shampoo and water.

Put on Your Thinking Cap

What should Wim do about
his dirty clothes?

Wim is eating with Wim is biting his long
his dirty hands. dirty fingernails.

6 New Science Connection 1

Dirty fingernails can make you very sick.
How can you keep your hands and
fingernails clean?

Look at Eddy. He keeps his fingernails short.

Eddy also washes his hands
before he eats and after he
uses the toilet.

Go to WB Activities 1.2 & 1.3

Chapter 1 - Our Body 7

WOW!

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is common among
young children. It is usually caused by a virus. Children
with HFMD may have fever and sore throat. They also
develop a skin rash and sores in the mouth. Red spots are
often seen on the palms and soles of the feet.
Influenza A (H1N1) infection is also caused by a virus.
An infected person suffers flu-like symptoms—fever,
headache, cough, sore throat, runny nose, muscle pain,
tiredness, vomiting or diarrhoea. More serious conditions
include breathing difficulty and sudden dizziness.
COVID-19 is yet another infection caused by a virus. The
disease appeared in 2020 and caused many deaths. An
infected person commonly suffers from fever, tiredness and
cough. More serious conditions include severe breathing
difficulties, lung infection and kidney failure.
We can prevent the spread of diseases and infections such
as HFMD and H1N1 by washing our hands with soap.

W ash your hands

after coughing
or sneezing

before eating

after using
the toilet

8 New Science Connection 1

If you are sick, avoid crowded
places and wear a surgical
mask. See your family doctor
and rest at home.

Going Further

Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS) has affected
many people in the world. Find out:
a) what causes the disease;
b) how the disease spreads; and
c) how to prevent the disease.

Key Ideas

Keep the
body clean

by

taking keeping nails
showers short

washing face wearing clean
and hair clothes

Chapter 1 - Our Body 9

1.3 Brushing teeth

These children are brushing their teeth before going to sleep.

It is also important to brush your teeth after eating.
Food may get trapped between your teeth and cause them to
decay. You can get a bad toothache. It is very painful! Tooth
decay can make a hole in your tooth. We call this a cavity.

OUCH!

Cavity

10 New Science Connection 1

Put on Your Thinking Cap

Who do you go to when
you have a toothache?

We must keep our teeth clean and brush them properly.
How do you brush your teeth?

Brush your teeth in an
up-and-down motion.

Reach inside your mouth
to brush the inner teeth.

Chapter 1 - Our Body 11

Try This!

Form a team of four. Talk about what else you can do to
keep your teeth healthy.

Key Ideas

Toothaches

are caused by are prevented by
food proper brushing

trapped between of

teeth

12 New Science Connection 1

1.4 Taking care of our eyes

You need your eyes to see things clearly around you.
How do you protect your eyes?
Let us look at some good eye care habits.

Eat balanced meals.

Check your eyes regularly.

Get enough sleep.

Chapter 1 - Our Body 13

Wear a cap or a pair of
sunglasses under the
bright Sun.

Spend less time on
the computer and play
more outdoor games.
Give your eyes a rest.

14 New Science Connection 1

When watching television programmes, reading a book or
using a computer, make sure that there is enough light in
the room.

Sit upright and keep a distance from the television,
computer or book.

Chapter 1 - Our Body 15

Put on Your Thinking Cap Key Ideas

Some people are unable to Eyes
see faraway objects clearly.
What do you call such protected
a condition? What should by having
they do to see clearly?

good eye
care habits

Review Questions

1. Name some of your body parts.
2. How do you keep your body clean?
3. Name two good eye care habits.

Experiment Time!

BRUSHING TEETH

Process skills
analysing, communicating, using equipment
What you need
toothbrush, toothpaste, mug

16 New Science Connection 1

Procedure and observations
1. Which of the things below do you need to brush your teeth?

2. Your teacher will help your class from groups.
3. Take turns to show how you brush your teeth.

a) Brush with an up-and-
down motion.

b) Reach inside your
mouth to brush those
hard-to-reach teeth.

Conclusion
It is important to brush our teeth properly, especially those
hard-to-reach teeth. When should we brush our teeth on a
typical day?

Go to WB Revision Worksheet 1

Chapter 1 - Our Body 17

Safety Precautions

✔ DOs ✘ DON’Ts

✔ Listen to your teacher’s ✘ Do not enter the laboratory

instructions. without permission.

✔ Read and understand ✘ Do not carry out any

the instructions before experiment without
the experiment or permission.
activity.

✔ Always check the label on ✘ Do not taste anything unless

the container before using instructed by your teacher.
the substance it contains.

18 New Science Connection 1

✔ Return the apparatus to ✘ Do not eat or drink in the

their proper places after laboratory.
cleaning.

✔ Throw away used ✘ Do not play or run in the

materials properly. laboratory.

✔ ✘

Wash your hands Do not touch electric
with soap and sockets unless
water at the end of instructed by
the experiment or your teacher.
activity.
✘ Do not touch gas taps
✔ Report any
unless instructed
accident or by your teacher.
injury to your
teacher.

Chapter 1 - Our Body 19





MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh1. Staying Alive!

What keeps living
things alive?
What are their
basic needs?

Staying Alive! 1

Let’s Look at...

• what human beings, animals and
plants need to stay alive

1.1 What we need

Wow! I’m tall enough
to reach these rings.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
I’m strong enough
to rock this!

We need food to have
energy, to grow and to stay
healthy. We need food to
stay alive!

2 Chapter 1

It is important for us to eat a variety of food
because our body needs many different nutrients
to stay alive. Different foods have nutrients that do
different things.

Rice, bread, cereal
and chocolates
give us energy.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
Chicken, fish, milk and
cheese help us grow.

Water, vegetables and
fruits keep us healthy.

Staying Alive! 3

Try This! MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh

List the food you eat for lunch on a typical day.
Find out if the food you eat gives you energy,
helps you grow and keeps you healthy.
We love sweets, cakes
and fizzy drinks!

Such sweet food can make you sick.
They also cause tooth decay!
We should not eat too much of

them. Eat healthier food like cereal
and drink plenty of water instead.

Go to WB Activities 1.1 & 1.2

4 Chapter 1

Besides food and water,

we also need air to stay alive.

Air cbornetaaitnhseoixnygaeirnb(eOc2a).use
We

our body needs oxygen
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
to stay alive.

We breathe in air through our noses and mouths. The air then
moves down our windpipes and into our lungs.

Breathing in…

Nose Breathing out…
Mouth
Windpipe

Lungs

Staying Alive! 5

WOW!

Some people are asthmatic. Sometimes
they need an inhaler to help them
breathe properly.

Do we breathe faster when we exercise?
When we exercise, we need more air. So, we breathe faster

than when we are resting.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
Go to WB Activity 1.3

6 Chapter 1

Key Ideas Human beings
need
water
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshfoodair
energy for
examples
growing keeping
• rice examples healthy
• noodles examples
• bread
• cereal • chicken • vegetables
• chocolate • fish • fruits
• milk
• cheese

Staying Alive! 7

1.2 What animals need

Animals need food and water
to stay alive.

Different animals eat
different foods. Some eat
only plants. Some eat only
meat. Others eat both
plants and meat.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
Hummingbird

Giraffe

Zebra Horse

8 Chapter 1 These animals feed only on
plants. Animals that eat only
plants are called herbivores.

These animals feed Leopard
only on meat. Animals Seal
that eat only meat are
called carnivores.

Eagle
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
These animals feed on both plants and meat. Animals that eat
both plants and meat are called omnivores.

Chicken Chimpanzee Bear

Staying Alive! 9

Put on Your Thinking Cap We eat both
plants and meat.

Can you name other animals that feed on:
1. plants only,
2. meat only,
3. both plants and meat?

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshWOW!

Some living things feed on dead plants
and animals. Examples are mushrooms,
ants, millipedes, and houseflies.

We breathe Go to WB Activities 1.4 & 1.5
using our lungs!

Animals that live on land breathe in air
using their lungs.

Lungs

Nostrils

Air enters and leaves their bodies through
their nostrils.

10 Chapter 1

Put on Your Thinking Cap

What other animals breathe using lungs?

Most animals that live in water breathe
using their gills.
Fish breathe through gills.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh Gills

Mouth

Gills

Fish

Water enters the mouth and passes through the gills. The gills
take in the air that is in the water.
Some animals that live in water do not breathe using gills.
They breathe using lungs!

Seal Dolphin Sea turtle

Every now and then, these animals need to come out of the water

to breathe.

Staying Alive! 11

Key Ideas

Animals need air
may feed on water

plants onlyMarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshmeat onlyplants and meat
(herbivores) (carnivores) (omnivores)

such as such as such as

• rabbit • lion • man
• cow • eagle • chicken
• bee • fox • bear

12 Chapter 1

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh1.3 What plants need

Look at these two plants.

This plant is
growing in water.

This plant is
growing in soil.

What do you observe about the two plants?
Plants can make their own food when there is air, water and
sunlight. However, nutrients in the soil help the plants grow
faster and bigger!

WOW!

Farmers often add fertilisers
to the soil. Fertilisers contain
nutrients that help the vegetables
and fruits grow big and healthy.

Staying Alive! 13

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
Some farmers are able to grow vegetables without soil! They add
nutrients into the water so that the plants grow big and healthy.

Plants take in air using tiny holes on their leaves.

Air enters and leaves a plant Stomata
through these tiny holes. These
tiny holes are called stomata. Go to WB Activity 1.6

14 Chapter 1

Key Ideas Plants

may grow in make
soil water added food

with nutrients
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
using

air water light

StSatyaiyninggAAlilvivee!! 15

Review Questions

1. What do living things need to stay alive?
2. Name three uses of the food that we eat.
3. We can group animals according to the food

they eat. How would you group them?
4. What do plants need to make their

own food?

Experiment Time!

WHAT PLANTS NEED

Process skills
observing, comparing, inferring, communicating
What you need
a plant growing in
a pot of soil, a plant
growing in a pot of
water, colour pencils
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh

Plant A Plant B

16 Chapter 1

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshProcedure and observations
1. Y our teacher will show you two plants: Plant A and Plant B.

Observe and compare the plants.
2. Draw the two plants and colour your drawings.
3. Write down in words what you observe.
Conclusion
Do plants grow better in soil or water? Why?

Go to WB Revision Worksheet 1

StSatyaiyninggAAlilvivee!! 17





MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh1. Classifying Organisms

Is a mushroom a plant or an animal, or does it belong to another
group of organisms?

Classifying Organisms 1

Let’s Look at...

• the characteristics of
 plants  animals
 fungi  micro-organisms

1.1 Characteristics of plants

Don’t try to be like
me! We will never

be the same!
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh But we are
similar in
some ways!

We belong to a group of living things or organisms called animals.
A tree belongs to a group of organisms called plants.

Go to WB Activity 1.1

Put on Your Thinking Cap

We classify organisms into different groups based
on their characteristics. Sometimes, the distinction
between plants and animals is not so obvious. Look
closely at the photograph of the sea anemone. Is it
a plant or an animal?

2 Chapter 1

Come, walk
home with me.

Sorry, I can't!
I'm rooted to

the ground!

What are the characteristics of plants?
• Plants are fixed in one position.
• Plants usually respond slowly to changes around them.
By observing the growth of some seeds near a window, we can see
that plants respond slowly to changes.
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
The pot contains A young plant grows The plant grows bigger
a seed. from the seed. and moves towards
the Sun.

Classifying Organisms 3

• Plants make their own food.

I make my So do I. With sunlight,
own food. water and carbon

dioxide, we can

make our own food.
Now you know

why we don’t have
to move around

much!
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
There are different types of plants. They may look different but they
have the same basic needs and distinctive characteristics.
We can classify different types of plants in many ways, for example,
as flowering, non-flowering, edible or inedible plants.
These plants produce flowers. What are they called?

Cassia

Coconut
tree

Water lily

Dandelions Gloxinias

4 Chapter 1

These plants do not produce flowers. Tree fern
What are they called?

Juniper

Staghorn fern
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
Pine tree

Mosses

These plants are eaten as food. What are they called?

Broccoli Kale Spinach

Classifying Organisms 5

Put on Your Thinking Cap

1. Study the characteristics of plants A, B, C and D in
the photographs shown below.

2. Classify the plants into two different groups.
3. Present to the class your method of classification.

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshPlant APlant B Plant C Plant D

I am a land I am a land I am a water I am a water
plant. I grow plant. I grow plant. I grow in plant. I grow in
in soil. I bear in soil. I do not water. I bear water. I bear
flowers. bear flowers. flowers. flowers.

Key Ideas Plants

are can make can be
food
fixed in one respond slowly using of different
position to changes types

Go to WB Activity 1.2 water, light and
carbon dioxide
6 Chapter 1

1.2 Characteristics of animals

Animals have the same basic needs as plants. However, they have
characteristics that are different from plants.

What are the characteristics of animals?

• Most animals can move freely on their own.

MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditshA bird flies.A snake glides.
A fish swims.

A kangaroo hops. Ants crawl.

Classifying Organisms 7

Put on Your Thinking Cap

What are the benefits of animals being able to move freely?

• Animals respond quickly to
changes around them.

Ouch!
MarshallCoCpayvriegnhditsh
This is fun!

Help!
8 Chapter 1