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A multidisciplinary research team brought a new candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. This vaccine draws on the successful experience of the hepatitis B vaccine platform, uses yeast to express the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of the new coronavirus, and is supplemented with a new adjuvant to promote the immune response.

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Published by sunnyfang1419, 2021-09-07 23:57:44

Scientists Develop A New SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine With The Successful Experience of Hepatitis B Vaccine

A multidisciplinary research team brought a new candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. This vaccine draws on the successful experience of the hepatitis B vaccine platform, uses yeast to express the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of the new coronavirus, and is supplemented with a new adjuvant to promote the immune response.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, Hepatitis B vaccine

Huateng Pharma https://en.huatengsci.com

Scientists Develop A New SARS-CoV-2
Vaccine With The Successful Experience

of Hepatitis B Vaccine

Recently, a research paper titled A yeast expressed RBD-based
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated with 3M-052-alum adjuvant promotes
protective efficacy in non-human primates published in Science Immunology, a
multidisciplinary research team brought a new
candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. This vaccine draws on the successful
experience of the hepatitis B vaccine platform, uses yeast to express
the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of the new coronavirus, and
is supplemented with a new adjuvant to promote the immune response.
The current experimental results of inoculating monkeys have shown good
preventive effects.

The researchers emphasized in the paper that the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine being
developed is suitable for large-scale production and will help meet the demand
for vaccination around the world, so that more people have the opportunity to
be protected. On the other hand, candidate vaccines may be very effective
against emerging variants, which is essential to reduce the spread of the
disease on a global scale.

Huateng Pharma https://en.huatengsci.com

In the history of humans using vaccines to prevent viral infections,
the hepatitis B vaccine developed using yeast cells is an important
milestone, saving countless lives. This hepatitis B vaccine, in simple terms,
uses recombinant DNA technology to allow yeast to express virus-specific
surface antigens, which are purified and made with adjuvants. The advantages
of this technology platform include simple operation of the production system,
high expression, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.

Using this experience, researchers from Emory University, Infectious Disease
Research Institute (IDRI), 3M and Baylor College of Medicine collaborated to
develop this SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

The novel coronavirus-specific surface protein, the receptor-binding domain of
the spike protein, was cloned and expressed in the yeast expression system as
an immune antigen. At the same time, the researchers a new adjuvant
called 3M-052-alum to further boost the immune response and achieve a
better immune effect.

In monkey experiments, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine produced with yeast has
achieved significant protective effects. Compared with animals that were not
vaccinated, monkeys injected with the 3-shot vaccine had a significant
reduction in the amount of virus shedding from the respiratory tract when they
were attacked by SARS-CoV-2, indicating that the vaccine can slow or prevent
the spread of the virus, and the symptoms of pneumonia were also significantly
reduced.

In addition, the researchers also compared the difference between
using 3M-052-alum adjuvant and traditional alum adjuvant. This new
adjuvant can stimulate the Toll-like receptor (TLR-7/8) of the innate immune
system, enhance the response of CD8+ T cells, and improve the ability of T
cells to kill infected cells. Experimental results show that animals vaccinated
with RBD recombinant protein + new adjuvants have obtained stronger
antibody response, neutralizing activity and effectiveness.

Huateng Pharma https://en.huatengsci.com

▲The animal received 3 doses of recombinant protein vaccine. Compared with the alum
adjuvant (blue), the vaccine (red) with the 3M-052-alum adjuvant induced a stronger
antibody response and neutralizing activity (Picture source: reference [1])

Researchers believe that the enhanced T cell response seen in animal
experiments also means that this vaccine is likely to provide a wide range of
protection for humans, especially against the new emerging virus variation.

Professor Maria Elena Bottazzi, one of the co-corresponding authors of the study
and a vaccine development expert at Baylor College of Medicine, concluded:
“Our results show that the use of yeast expression platforms to produce RBD
recombinant proteins is expected to meet the vaccination needs around the
world. We are very pleased to see the advantage of this vaccine candidate in
balancing the antibody and CD8+ T cell responses, which has not been achieved
with other previous protein-based vaccine methods before."

As a reliable worldwide supplier of API intermediates, PEG derivatives and
high-end biochemical reagent, Huateng Pharma supplies a variety of high
purity pharmaceutical intermediates and PEG derivatives to empower drug

Huateng Pharma https://en.huatengsci.com

research & development. We are able to provide the some PEG products used
in COVID-19 vaccines. For more information, please read COVID-19 Vaccine
Excipients.

Reference:
[1] Maria Pino et al., (2021) A yeast expressed RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated
with 3M-052-alum adjuvantpromotes protective efficacy in non-human primates. Science
Immunology
[2] New COVID-19 vaccine candidate provideseffective option for low- to mid-income
countries. Retrieved July 19, 2021

Related articles:
[1] Nature: Vaccine Development Timeline - 20 Major Milestones
https://en.huatengsci.com/article/323.html
[2] COVID-19 Vaccine Success Accelarates R&D of mRNA-based Cancer Vaccines


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