ປຶ້ມແບບຮຽນວິຊາ ICT ຫ້ອງ ມ.2

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 48 8k8t]k’ltcf’8q;1jk’ Compiler Compiler Author Windows UNIX-like Other OSs License type Visual Basic Microsoft Yes No DOS Proprietary Portable C Compiler Anders Magnusson and others Yes Yes Yes Open source C++ Compiler Embarcadero (CodeGear) Yes No No Freeware Borland C++ Borland (CodeGear) Yes No DOS Proprietary Turbo C++ for DOS Borland (CodeGear) No No DOS Proprietary Visual C++ Microsoft Yes No No Proprietary VisualAge C++ IBM Yes AIX OS/2 Proprietary Intel Fortran Compiler Intel Yes Linux and Mac OS X No Proprietary Lahey Fortran Lahey Computer Systems, Inc. Yes Linux only No Proprietary NAG Fortran Compiler Numerical Algorithms Group Yes Yes No Proprietary Object Pascal for Windows Borland (CodeGear) Yes (3.x) No No Proprietary Turbo Pascal CodeGear (Borland) No No Yes Freeware -v[c; s^n 3xici,7v,ry;g8u gxaolj;ole7ao muj7;[75,dkogIaf;Pd’ko0v’ 7v,ry;g8u .shfegouodko8k,co;7;k,7yfmujdeoqfw;h]j;’|hkc]h;D 7v,ry;g8ugIaf;Pd 8k,3xicdi,gmqjkoAo ,ao[+lk,kfgIaf;Pd’koovdg|nv9kdmujdeoqfw;h.o3xicdi,D ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 49 I6[ @D! 7v,rkpg]u (compiler) c]t vyog8uxiyfg8u (interpreter) 3. -toyf0v’-v[c; -v[c; s^n 3xici,7v,ry;g8umuj,uz6hrafmtok0Bo,k grnjv.-h.o7v,ry;g8u,us^;’s^kpD -v[c;gs^qjkoU vkf9twfhIa[dkorafmtok9kdz6h.-hgv’ s^n z6hrafmtok]t[q[ s^n z6hzt]yf 9e|jkpD skdc[j’cpd-toyf0v’-v[c;8k,ltrk[dkogIaf;Pd’ko 9tc[j’wfhgxao lv’xtgrffaj’oUG I6[ @D@ dkoc[j’-toyf-v[c; -v[c; -v[c;]t[q[ ]t[q[xt8y[afdko 8q;cxrklk -v[c;xtp5d -v[c;leg]afI6[ -v[c;.-h;Pdltgrkt ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 50 3.1 -v[c;]t[q[ (system software) gxao-v[c;muj[=]ylaflhk’0Bo,k grnjv.-h9afdkoda[]t[q[dko[=]ysko’ko8jk’MD |hkmuj dkogIaf;Pd0v’,ao 7nfegouo’korNo4ko8jk’M0v’]t[q[7v,ry;g8u g-ajoG Ia[0=h,6o9kd cxhory, c]h;cx7;k,\kp.sh7v,ry;g8ug0Qk.9F oegvqk0=h,6owxltcf’zqogmy’9=rk[ s^n lqj’vvdwxskg7njv’ry,F 9afdko0=h,6o.o]t[q[c2h, 0=h,6ogmyj’|j;p7;k,9eleIv’D g,njvgxufg7njv’7v,ry;g8u maomumuj,udtclw22hk.shda[g7njv’ ,ao9tgIaf;Pd8k,3xi cdi,maomuD 3xicdi,mevyfmujlaj’.sh7v,ry;g8ugIaf;PdoU gxao-v[c;]t[q[D -v[c;]t[q[ vkfgda[w;h.oiv, s^n .oczjo9koc,jgs^ad (hard disk)D skd[+,u-v[c;]t[q[F 7v,ry;g8u 9tgIaf;Pd[+wfhD 8q;1jk’0v’-v[c;]t[q[ g-ajoG ;yo3f _( (Windows _()F ;yo3f _) (Windows _))F ;yo3f ,u (Windows Me)F ;yo3f gvadru (Windows XP)F ;yo3f ;yl8ki (Windows Vista)F p6oyd (Unix) c]t ]uo5d (Linux) gxao8QoD -v[c;]t[q[pa’gxaog7njv’,n.odkorafmtok-v[c;vnjoM g-ajoG Utility Software c]t pa’I;,g4y’8q;cxrklk8jk’M g-yj’xtdv[,u [aofk Graphic, Clean up, … I6[ @D# ,t3ork[djP;da[-v[c;]t[q[ c]t -v[c;xtp5d ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 51 3.2 -v[c;xtp5d}oe.-h 23 (application software) gxao-v[c;muj.-hda[;Pd’kofhko 8jk’M 8k,7;k,8hv’dko0v’z6h.-hmujlk,kfoe ,k.-hxt3spfwfh3fpdq’D xaf95[ao ,uz6hrafmtok-v[c;.-hle]a[;Pd’kofhko8jk’M vvd9e |jkpgxao9eo;os^;’s^kpF gIaf.shdkooe.-h;Pd’kofh;p7v,ry;g8u 9bj’gxaowx1jk’d;hk’ 0;k’ c]t crjs^kpD -v[c;xtp5dvkf4ndc[j’vvdgxaolv’d5j, g-ajoG -v[c;leg]afI6[ c]t -v[c;muj rafmtok0Bo.-h;PdltgrktD -v[c;leg]afI6[.oxaf95[ao,us^;’s^kp g-ajoG -v[c;xt ,;o7ela[ (word processing software)F -v[c;gIaf;Pdda[8k8t]k’ c]t vnjoMD I6[ @D$ -v[c;oe.-h8jk’M  23 xtp5d (applied) \kpg4y’ xa[.-h.shgxaoxt3spfF “rqf9toko5dq,]k;F lt[a[rklkg7Qkgfu, 3fp l5[yorit3dw-p% rDl @$$)”. ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 52 4. |hkmuj0v’-v[c;]t[q[ g4y’;jk7v,ry;g8u9txtdv[fh;pvq’xtdv[rNo4komujle7ao faj’v5xtdvoIa[g0QkF v5xt dvolqj’vvdF |j;p7;k,9e c]t |j;pxt,;ozqo d=8k,F .odkogIaf;Pd0v’7v,ry;g8u 9egxao8hv’,udkofegouo’koda[v5xtdvorNo4kogs^qjkoAoD faj’oAoF 9bj’8hv’,u-v[c;]t[q[ grnjv.-h.odko9afdkodjP;da[]t[q[0v’g7njv’D |hkmuj8Qo8=0v’-v[c;]t[q[xtdv[fh;pG 1) .-h.odko9afdkov5xtdvoxhvo0=h,6o c]t v5xtdvoltcf’zqo g-ajoG Ia[I6hdko dqfx5j,8jk’M0v’cxhory,F lqj’]tsaf8q;vadlvovvdmk’9=rk[ s^n g7njv’ry,F 8yf8+da[v5xt dvoIa[g0Qk c]t lqj’vvdvnjoM 7nG g,qklF ]e3r’ gxao8QoD 2) .-h.odko9afdko|j;p7;k,9e grnjvoegvqk0=h,6o9kdczjo[aombd0=h,6o,k[ao95.o |j;p7;k,9es^ad s^n .omk’dq’dao0hk, 7noegvqk0=h,6o9kd|j;p7;k,9es^ad,k[aombdw;h .oczjo[aombd s^n IkffulD 3) .-hgxao38g-njv,8+]ts;jk’z6h.-hda[g7njv’7v,ry;g8u grnjv.shlk,kf.-h;Pdwfh’jkp0Bo g-ajoG dkog[yj’]kpdko.olk]t[ko (directory)F .oczjo[aombd0=h,6oF dkogIaflegoqk c2h,0=h,6oD -v[c;]t[q[muj.-hdaomqj;wx c[j’vvdgxao]t[q[xt8y[afdko c]t 8q;cxrklk-v[ c;D ma’lv’xtgrfoU gIaf.shgdufrafmtokdkodkooe.-h wfh’jkp0BoD 4.1 ]t[q[xt8y[afdko ]t[q[xt8y[afdko s^n gvUosp=h;jk 3vgvl (OS sp=h,k9kd Operation System) gxao lj;oxtdv[mujle7ao0v’]t[q[-v[c;D ]t[q[xt8y[afdkoxtdv[0Bo9kd-5f3xicdi,muj gIaf|hkmuj7;[75,dkofegouodko8jk’M0v’]t[q[7v,ry;g8u c]t xtlkodkogIaf;Pd ’ko]ts;jk’-a[rtpkdvo8jk’M.o]t[q[7v,ry;g8u g]uj,c8jlj;omujgxao-v[c; c]t lj;omuj gxaoIkfc;.shgxaowx1jk’g\ktlq, c]t ,uxtlyfmyrk[D ]t[q[7v,ry;g8u.o]tfa[w,37i 7v,ry;g8u8hv’,u-v[c;]t[q[xt8y[afdkooU c]t 3fpmqj;wx.-h]t[q[xt8y[afdkomuj9afgda[ 16jgmy’czjo[aombd s^n IkffulD ]t[q[xt8y[afdkomujoypq,.-hdaos^kp c]t I6h9addaofu 7n fvl ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 53 XDOS sp=h,k9kd Disk Operation System)F ;yo3f (Windows)F 16oyd XUnix?F ]uo5d (Linux) c]t c,advyomvf (Macintosh sp=hgxao Mac) gxao8QoD 4.1.1 DOS DOS gxao-v[c;9af]t[q[;Pd’komujrafmtok,kfqookoc]h;F dko.-h;Pd9bj’.-h 7elaj’fh;p8q;vadlvoD zjko,klj;os^kp.ow,37i7v,ry;g8ugxaomjuI6hdaofu c]t ,adoypq,.-h gva,gvl fvl (MS-DOS sp=h,k9kd Microsoft Disk Operation System? g-yj’rafmtok 3fp[=]ylaf w,37i-v[7=x=gi-ao XMicrosoft Cooperation?D ]t[q[xt8y[afdkooUwfh,udko rafmtok,k1jk’8+gonjv’8k,7;k,8hv’dko0v’z6h-q,.-h c]t rafmtokdko0v’-v[c; c]t Ikfc;D dkog]uj,8QogIaf;Pd0v’ DOSG DOS 9tg]uj,8QogIaf;Pd3fpvaf8t3o,af9kdlj;o 0v’-5f7elaj’muj9afgda[16jgmy’|j;p7;k,9e0v’]t[q[7v,ry;g8umuj.-hvjko1jk’fP; (ROM)D 7elaj’gs^jqkoU 9tgIaf|hkmuj7;[75,v5xtdvorNo4ko c]t gIafdko[ao95]t[q[xt8y[afdko 9kdczjo[aombd s^n Ikfful 0Bol6j|j;p7;k,9es^ad c]t s^a’9kdoAoF dko7;[75,dko gIaf;Pd0v’]t[q[7v,ry;g8u 9t4nd[ao95wx16jgmy’|j;p7;k,9es^ad.shgxaomujIP[IhvpD 3xi cdi,|bj’.o DOS muj4nd[ao95 7n 3xicdi,7elaj’muj,u-nj;jk 7a,,aofvf7v, (command. com) c]t 0t[;odkog]uj,8QodkogIaf;Pd0v’]t[q[7v,ry;g8ufaj’djk;gvUodaomqj;wx;jk dko[5f (boot) g7njv’7v,ry;g8uD dko[5f,u16jfh;pdao @ ;ymu 7nG 1) 37o[5f XCold Boot? 7ndkogxufg7njv’fh;px5j,xyf{gxuf (power switch)D 2) ;v,[5f XWarm Boot? 7n9t.-h;ymuoU .o0totmujg7njv’gxuf16j c]t g7njv’7hk’ (hank) g-yj’[+lk,kfgIaf;Pdwfh8k,mujgIqkxhvo0=h,6og0QkwxD dko[5fc[[oUlk,kf gIafwfh16j @ ;ymu 7nG 1. dqfx5j, Reset Xvjko;jk iug-af?D 2. dqfx5j, Ctrl+Alt+Del rhv,dao16j.ocxhory, c]h;xjvp,nD ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 54 I6[ @D& rk[ltcf’|hk9=dko[5fg7njv’7v,ry;g8u fh;p]t[q[xt8y[afdko DOS -toyf7elaj’0v’ DOSG 7elaj’0v’ DOS ,u16j @ -toyf7nG 1) 7elaj’rkp.o (Internal Command) gxao7elaj’mujgvUo.-hwfhmaomu 8ts^vfg;]k mujg7njv’.-hgIaf;Pd16j grkt7elaj’xtgrfoU 4nd[ao95]q’.o|j;p7;k,9es^ad8ts^vf g;]k s^a’9kdmuj boot DOS24D lj;os^kp9tgxao7elaj’muj.-h16jltg\u g-ajoG CLS, DIR, COPY, REN gxao8QoD 2) 7elaj’rkpovd (External Command) 7elaj’oU9t4ndgda[w;h.o disk s^n czjo DOSD 7elaj’gs^qjkoU 9t4ndgda[w;h.o|j;p7;k,9eD g,njv8hv’dko.-h7elaj’gs^qjkoU g7njv’7v,ry;g8u 9tgvUo7elaj’g0Qksk|j;p7;k,9eD 4hkczjofyl s^n Ikfful [+,u7elaj’muj8hv’dko.-h16j d=[+lk,kfgvUo7elaj’oAowfhD 8q;1jk’ 7elaj’ FORMAT, DISKCOPY, TREE, DELTREE gxao8QoD I6[c[[ c]t dko.-h7elaj’8jk’MG .odko.-h7elaj’8jk’M0v’ DOS 9t,udko deoqfvadlvo s^n laopt]ad.-hcmo0=h7;k,0v’I6[c[[7elaj’ faj’oUG [d:] \kpg4y’[jvogda[0=h,6o (Drive) g-ajoG A:, B: [path] \kpg4y’-njwfgiadg8uiupjvp [filename] \kpg4y’-njc2h,0=h,6o s^n -nj2kp (file name) [.ext] \kpg4y’lj;o0tspkp s^n ok,ltd5o \kpgsfG 0=h7;k,16j.o;q’0= X[]? 4hk[+,u d=[+8hv’.lj7elaj’D  24 Boot DOS \kpg4y’dkooe]t[q[xt8y[afdko DOS g0Qkl6j|j;p7;k,9eD ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 55 I6[c[[ c]t dko.-h7elaj’rkp.o 7elaj’ |hkmuj I6[c[[ CLS (CLEAR SCREEN) ]n[0=h,6ogmy’9=rk[.o0totoAo CLS DATE cdhw0}g[yj’;aomu.shda[]t[q[ (SYSTEM) DATE TIME cdhw0}g[yj’g;]k.shda[]t[q[ TIME VER (VERSION) g[yj’g]d\kp (version) 0v’ fvl VER VOL (VOLUME) ltcf’-nj0v’ DISKETTE VOL [d:] DIR (DIRECTORY) g[yj’-njc2h,0=h,6oF goNvmujgmy’czjo [aombdF -jnczjo[aombd DIR [d:] [path] [filename [.ext]] [/p] [/w] [/p] \kpg4y’ ltcf’ 0=h,6ogmnjv]t ! |hk9=rk[ 4hk8hv’dkog[yj’|hk8+wx .sh dqfx5j,.fx5j,|bj’0v’cxhovad lvoD [/w] \kpg4y’ ltcf’-nj c2h,0=h,6o8k,7;k,d;hk’ 0v’9=rk[ TYPE ltcf’goNv.o s^n 0=h,6o.oc2h, 0=h,6omujdeoqf TYPE [d:] [path] [filename. [.ext]] COPY .-hlegoqkc2h,0=h,6o|bj’ s^n s^kp c2h,0=h,6o9kdc2h,0=h,6o 8Qomk’ wxskc2h,0=h,6oxkp mk’ vkf9tgxao9kd czjo[aombd czjo|bj’ s^n czjogfu,d=wfh COPY [d:] [path] [filename [.ext]] [d:] [path] [filename [.ext]] ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 56 REN (RENAME] xjPo-njc2h,0=h,6o X0=h,6o.oc2h, 0=h,6o pa’g\nvogfu,? REN [d:] [path] [oldfilename[.ext] ] [newfilename[.ext] ] DEL (DELETE) ]n[c2h,0=h,6ovvd9kdczjofyl DEL [d:] [path] [filename [.ext]] PROMPT COMMAND xjPoI6[c[[8q; rihv, Ia[7e laj’ (system prompt) gxao8q; .\j 8k,muj8hv’dko PROMPT [prompttext] or propt $p$ $ \kpg4y’ 8q;vadlvo t \kpg4y’ g;]k d \kpg4y’ ;ao gfnvo xu p \kpg4y’ glAomk’ Directory xaf95[ao v \kpg4y’ DOS VERSION NUMBER g \kpg4y’g7njv’\kp > l \kpg4y’g7njv’\kp < q \kpg4y’g7njv’\kp = MD (MAKE DIRECTORY) lhk' subdirectory Xshv'pjvp? grnjvgda[c2h,0=h,6o MD [d:] [path] [Dir_name] CD (CHANGE DIRECTORY) gxao7elaj’.odkoxjPowx.-h;Pd subdirectory muj8hv’dko CD [d:] [path] [Dir_name] CD\ (dkophkpda[,kl6j ROOT DIRECTORY CD.. (dkophkpda[,kmuj DIRECTORY) RD (REMOVE DIRECTORY) ]n[ subdirectory Xshv'pjvp? mujlhk’fh;p7elaj’ MD RD [d:] [path] [Dir_name] ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

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xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 76 ]kp-nj 75o]adltotxt9e c]t g0fd5oc9s^adD gIqklk,kflhk’faf-tou grnjvgruj,xtlyf myrk[.odko.-h;Pd c]t dkog0Qkg4y’0=h,6o 3fpxtdv[fh;p0=h,6omujltcf’8ec|j’0v’ 0=h,6o9kd7jkmujdeoqf c]t pa’lk,kfdeoqf7;k,lerao0v’8k8t]k’0=h,6o lhk’[qf]kp ’ko c]t lj;oxtdv[vnjoM mujdjP;0hv’wfhD 37’lhk’ c]t I6[c[[8jk’M gs^qjkoU 4nddeoqf 0Bo grnjv-j;p.shz6h.-hlk,kf.-h;Pdwfhltf;dD -v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6o[k’vaolk,kfgvUo .-h;Pd4ko0=h,6omujlhk’9kd-v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6ovnjowfhD -v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6o,us^kp-toyf c8j]t-toyfd=,u7;k,g\ktlq,da[|hk;Pdmuj c8d8jk’daoD 8q;1jk’0v’-v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6o g-ajoG w,37i-v[ vHv[2ul cvdg-l (Microsoft Office Access)F 3vgxaovv[2ul vHvdg[l (OpenOffice.org Base) c]t 2Hvdg[l (FoxBASE)D ovd9kdoU -v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6ovnjo g-ajoG gmy’]t[q[]uo5d ,u-v[ c;9afdko4ko0=h,6ogxao9eo;os^kp ma’mujgxao3xicdi,.-h]hk X[+8hv’-N? g-ajoG ,kpgvl7u; cv] (MySQL)F 3rldtiugvl7u;cv] (PostgreSQL)F ru7u;cv] (PQL) s^n -v[c; mujgxao -v[c;dko7hk g-ajoG wv[ugva,fu[um6 (IBM DB2)F vyo2=,yd (Informix)F vyogdil (Ingres)F v=ik7tg]u (Oracle) c]t w-g[l (Sybase) gxao8QoD I6[ @D!!|hk8jk’dko.-h-v[c;9afdko4ko0=h,6o0v’ MS Office Access 2007 ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 77 5.1.4 -v[c;oeltg|u (presentation software) gxaovud-v[c;|bj’ muj,udko.-h;Pd1jk’crjs^kpD -v[c;oU -j;p.shdkooeltg|ugIaf wfh’jkpltf;d;jv’w; c]t gIaf.shdkooeltg|u,u7;k,|hklqo.9s^kppyj’0BoD ,aolk,kf ltcf’0=h7;k,.o]adltot mujlnj7;k,\kpwfh’jkp fh;pg7njv’,nmuj-v[c;,u.sh.-hD -v[c;oe ltg|ulk,kflhk’ltw] (slide) 3fpxtdv[fh;p8q;vadlvoF I6[rk[F glAoltcf’F czor6, 8k8t]k’F rk[g7njvows;F lP’ c]tvnjoMD -v[c;oeltg|ulj;os^kp,uI6[c[[dko.-hmuj ’jkpF lk,kf8q[c8j’ c]t oeltg|ultw]fh;pI6[c[[8jk’M g-ajoG dko.lj c]t 8q[c8j’ rNo0v’ltw]F ;kfrk[ 3fp.-hg7njv’,nleg]afI6[muj-v[c;,u.shF 8q[c8j’8q;vadlvo c]t g]nvdI6[c[[dkoltcf’8q;vadlvo c]t ltw]D 8q;1jk’0v’-v[c;oeltg|u g-ajoG w,37i-v[grqkg;urvp (Microsoft PowerPoint?F 3]8af2iuc]o (Lotus Freeland) c]tvnjoMD I6[ @D!@|hk8jk’dko.-h-v[c;oeltg|u0v’ MS Office PowerPoint 2007 ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 78 5.1.5 -v[c;lnjlko c]t 7Qosk0=h,6o (data communication and discovery software) -v[c;oU-j;p.shgIqklk,kf8yf8+lnjlkodaowfhmqj;3]d g-yj’.shma’7;k,ltf;d c]t ;jv’w;F [+;jk9tgxaodko7Qosk0=h,6o0jk;lko dko-Nlyo7hk c]t dkolbdlkD -v[c; lnjlkog-njv,8+g0Qkda[]t[q[g7nv0jkp g-ajoG vyog8ucoafgIaf.shlk,kf.-h[=]ydkovnjoM gruj,g8u, wfhF lk,kf.-hIa[lqj’9qf\kpgvg]ad38ioyd (electronic mail = e-mail)F .-h3vophkpc2h, 0=h,6oF .-hc]dxjPo0=h,6o0jk;lkoD ovd9kdoU -v[c;lnjlkopa’.-h.odkog-njv,g0Qksk]t[q[ 7v,ry;g8uvnjoM wfhD wxltougvg]ad38ioyd gxao3xicdi,mujg-njv,8+gvdtlko]ts;jk’dao 3fplk,kflqj’ 9kd[jvo|bj’wxskvud[jvo|bj’wfh1jk’;jv’w; ma’16j.og7nv0jkpfP;dao s^n 8jk’daoD 8q;1jk’ wxltougvg]ad38ioyd mujrafmtok9kdvq’dvo c]t rafmtok9kd[=]ylafgruj,g8u,oAo ,uma’ wxltougvg]ad38ioyd mujgxaodko7hk c]t .sh.-h]hk g-ajoG gofltg7[}vk3vcv; (Netscape/ AOL Mail)F w,37i-v[gvqk]5d (MS Outlook)F 1kI6g,; (Yahoo Mail)F 9ug,; (G Mail) c]tvnjoMD ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

xB,c[[IPo ICT ,D@ 79 ສ.ວ.ສ ສະຫງວນລຂ ິ ະສດ ິ

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