Digital Education Scrapbook ALL ABOUT SUBSTANCE ABUSE
INTRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE The problem of drug addiction is complex and is agreed at the global level as a chronic disease that easily relapses. Drugs have a direct effect on the user's brain and can influence changes in their thoughts, feelings and behavior. This problem also poses a serious threat to the health, safety, well-being and prosperity of addicts, families, communities and the country. Drug use will cause misery to addicts and their families, in addition to affecting the development of the country as a whole. Drug is a special term for a type of substance that causes harm to a person's health in terms of physical (physical), spiritual (mental and emotional) and user behavior. As a result of this effect, a person who uses drugs will continue to depend on the drug and cause addiction. An addict is willing to pledge his dignity and enslave himself to anyone under any circumstances as long as his drug supply is guaranteed. As a result, many are willing to beg, steal and prostitute themselves.
Shortness of Knowledge: Knowledge is light as Imam Waqi' told Imam Syafie and that is the reality of this life. A person who lacks knowledge, especially about drug knowledge, then the probability for them to fall into drug addiction is very large. A knowledgeable person will always act according to the sanity of a positive mind and save him from an unhealthy culture. REASONS OF DRUGS ABUSE No Parental Control: Parents are the main shield of children. Lack of education and attention from parents causes children to be easily influenced by negative factors. The rising cost of living often makes parents focus on careers, leaving children neglected and exposed to negative influences.
Limited Financial Resources: Unstable economic conditions and limited sources of income can encourage individuals to engage in unhealthy activities, including drug abuse. Some individuals may be trapped into selling drugs to earn extra income. Peer Influence: Peer influence is a major factor in drug abuse. Many teenagers are influenced by friends who choose unhealthy activities. Parents who do not control their children's associations make children more likely to listen to advice from friends rather than their parents.
Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens and Other Psychedelics • Nicotine (Tobacco) – Minor stimulants • Caffeine –Minor Stimulants • Amphetamine • Methamphetamine • Cocaine • Khat • Methylphenidate/amphetamine like medication (Ritalin) • Lysergic acid diethylamide (LCD) • Phencyclidine (PCP) • MDMA(Ecstasy) • Ketamine • Psilocybin (MagicMushroom) • Mescaline (Peyote) TYPES OF DRUGS • Alcohol • Benzodiazepines • Barbiturates • GHB
Cannabinoids Opioids Other Compounds • Hashish • Marijuana • Anabolic steroids • Dextromethorphan (DXM) • Inhalants) • Opium • Codeine • Heroin • Morphine
The withdrawal symptoms of drug abuse can vary depending on the type of drug being abused. WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS DEPRESSION, NIGHTMARES, LOW BLOOD PRESSURE, AND LACK OF ENERGY. STIMULANTS – KHAT DEPRESSANT – BARBITURATES HEADACHE, MUSCLE PAIN, EXTREME ANXIETY, TENSION, RESTLESSNESS, CONFUSION, IRRITABILITY, NUMBNESS AND TINGLING OF HANDS OR FEET, HALLUCINATIONS, DELIRIUM, CONVULSIONS, SEIZURES, OR SHOCK. HEADACHES, INCREASED APPETITE, SLEEPINESS, DEPRESSION. HALLUCINOGENS– PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP) CANNABIS - MARIJUANA IRRITABILITY, TROUBLE SLEEPING, DECREASED APPETITE, ANXIETY.
Restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes with goose bumps ("cold turkey"). OTHER COMPOUNDS – DEXTROMETHORPHAN (DXM) OPIOIDS - HEROIN Restlessness, discomfort, insomnia, hot flashes, chills, diarrhea, vomiting; muscle, joint, and bone pain, anxiety, depression, toxic psychosis.
EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE DIFFERENT DRUGS, DIFFERENT EFFECTS. Short-term : • Poor concentration Problems with movement and memory • Lowered blood pressure • Slowed breathing. • Slurred speech • Confusion • Dizziness • Drowsiness Long-term : • Unknown Short-term : • Euphoria • Increased alertness and arousal • Increased blood pressure and heart rate • Depression • Paranoia Long-term : • Gastrointestinal disorders such as constipation • Ulcers • Stomach inflammation • Increased risk of heart attack. DEPRESSANT – BARBITURATES STIMULANTS – KHAT
Short-term : • Enhanced sensory perception and euphoria followed by drowsiness/relaxation • Slowed reaction time • Problems with balance and coordination • Increased heart rate and appetite • Problems with learning and memory • Anxiety. Long-term : • Mental health problems • Chronic cough •Frequent respiratory infections. CANNABIS - MARIJUANA Short-term : • Problems thinking • Hallucinations • Paranoia • Delusions • A sense of distance from one ’ s environment, • Anxiety. Long-term : • Memory loss • Anxiety • Loss of appetite • Problems with speech and thinking HALLUCINOGENS– PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP)
Short-term : • Euphoria • Dry mouth • Itching • Slowed breathing • Nausea • Vomiting • Analgesia • Heart rate Long-term: • Collapsed veins • Abscesses (swollen tissue with pus) • Infection of the lining and valves in the heart Other Compounds – Dextromethorphan (DXM) Short-term : • Cough relief • Euphoria • Slurred speech • Increased heart rate and blood pressure • Dizziness • Nausea • Vomiting. Long-term : • Unknown. OPIOIDS - HEROIN
Meaning: round, flat dish we use to hold food APLET Prevention and treatment of drug abuse are crucial components in addressing substance use disorders and promoting overall well-being. Look at your family history of mental illness and addiction, several studies have shown that this disease tends to run in the family, but can be prevented. The more you are aware of your biological, environmental and physical risk factors the more likely you are to overcome them. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT EXAMINE THE RISK FACTORS : People often turn to drugs and alcohol when something in their life is missing or not working. Practicing stress management skills can help you overcome these life stressors and will help you live a balanced and healthy life. Develop goals and dreams for your future. These will help you focus on what you want and help you realize that drugs and alcohol will simply get in the way and hinder you from achieving your goals. KEEP A WELL-BALANCED LIFE :
Education and Awareness Programs: Implement educational programs in schools, communities, and workplaces to raise awareness about the risks and consequences of drug abuse. These programs should focus on building knowledge about the dangers of drugs, promoting healthy coping mechanisms, and enhancing decision-making skills. Encourage the development of protective factors such as strong family bonds, positive peer relationships, healthy coping skills, and access to community support services. Strengthening these protective factors can help reduce the likelihood of drug abuse. Promotion of Protective Factors:
MEDICATION-ASSISTED TREATMENT (MAT): MAT combines behavioral therapy with medications to treat substance use disorders. Medications such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone can help reduce cravings, alleviate withdrawal symptoms, and prevent relapse in individuals with opioid or alcohol use disorders. BEHAVIORAL THERAPY: Behavioral therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management, and motivational interviewing, is a cornerstone of drug abuse treatment. These therapies help individuals identify and change maladaptive behaviors and thought patterns associated with drug use.
In cases of physical dependence, detoxification may be necessary to safely manage withdrawal symptoms and cleanse the body of drugs. This process should be conducted under medical supervision to ensure safety and minimize discomfort. DETOXIFICATION: Support groups, such as Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), provide peer support, encouragement, and accountability for individuals in recovery. Participation in support groups can help individuals build a strong support network and learn from others who have similar experiences. SUPPORT GROUPS:
Ashley. (2023, November 14). Dextromethorphan Detox. Detox. https://www.detox.com/dextromethorphan-detox/ 1. Abu Shahim, M. R., Ramley, F., & A Wahab, M. F. (2023). Kaunseling Penyalahgunaan Bahan. UMT. 2. Keys. (2021, March 31). 22 Reasons People use Drugs and alcohol - 12 keys. 12 Keys. https://www.12keysrehab.com/22-reasons-people-use-drugs-and-alcohol/ 3. Florimbio, A. R. (2023, October 16). Common medications used for drug & alcohol detox | Oxford Treatment Center. Oxford Treatment Center. https://oxfordtreatment.com/addictiontreatment/detox/common-medications/ 4. Smith, M., MA. (2023, October 11). NA and Other Peer Support Groups for Drug Addiction. HelpGuide.org. https://www.helpguide.org/articles/addictions/na-and-other-peer-supportgroups-for-drug-addiction.htm 5. Free by the Sea. (2023, April 24). Support group for drug addiction in Washington - Free by the Sea. https://freebythesea.com/addiction-resources/support-groups-for-substance-abuse/ REFERENCE :