Drishtikon January 2021

mPprj f’k{kk

mPprj f”k{kk funs”kky;

n`f”Vdks.kgfj;k.kk

tuojh 2021

eq[; laj{kd fo"k; lpw h

vadjq xIq rk laikndh; ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
ç/kku lfpo ubZ fn”kk] U;wfVª”ku Kku cusxk fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk lgkjk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------3
mPprj f'k{kk rFkk lkjs tgka ls vPNk fgUnksLrka gekjk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
rduhdh f'k{kk foHkkx lkr dSMsV jktiFk ij fn[kk,axs gquj --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9
Lokeh foosdkuan dk lans”k vkt Hkh lkFkZd % iz/kkuea=h --------------------------------------------------------------------12
gfj;k.kk Hkkoh jk"Vª dh uhao j[krk gS izR;sd oksV -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15
i;ZVdksa dks vkdf"kZr djrh Hkkjrh; laLd`fr -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18
laj{kd Oku Vkbe jftLVªs”ku iksVZy ykWUp ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
pqukSfr;ksa d¢ chp xhrk dk lkFkZd lans”k ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25
vftr ckykth tks'kh iwjs ns”k esa lqiok dk ijpe ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29
egkfun's kd djaV vQ¢;lZ % fnlacj ekg dh izeq[k ?kVuk,a -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32

mPprj f'k{kk rFkk rduhdh
f'k{kk foHkkx] gfj;k.kk

laiknd

vo/k's k dqekj cPpu

lg laiknd

gsear oekZ
mi funs'kd
mPprj f'k{kk] gfj;k.kk

vejnhi xIq rk

laikndh; Vhe

lrh'k pkgS ku
lkSjHk JhokLro

oUnuk 'kekZ
fuf[ky vej pkS/kjh

osc fyad

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–f"Vdks.k if=dk dk;kZy;
f'k{kk lnu] mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx

lsDVj&5] iapdwyk] gfj;k.kk

bZ&esy
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laikndh;

LoLFk] le`)] lkFkZd dh dkeuk

fo'o ds lHkh vke yksxksa ds fy, dfBure dky jgk gS lky 2020A oSf'od egkekjh ds lkFk bldh
'kq#vkr gqbZ FkhA phu ds oqgku 'kgj ds ,d lh&QwM ekdsZV ls fudyk ok;jl us ns[krs gh ns[krs
,slk dgj <kuk 'kq: fd;k fd iwjh nqfu;k ds fy, Hk;adj pqukSrh cu x;kA bldh otg ls ekSrksa dk
,d varghu flyflyk&lk py iM+kA ;g lky bfrgkl esa nqfu;k ds fy, nq%lk/; o"kZ ds :i esa
;kn fd;k tk,xkA blus gekjs thou esa vusd xgjk t[e fn,A gekjs vusd viuksa dks gels Nhu
fy;k! ge lkekftd&lkaL—frd igyqvksa dks Hkqykus ds fy, ck/; gq,! viuksa ls feyrs&tqyrs jgus
dh vnE; bPNk dks nQu djus ds fy, vfHk'kIr gq,! ge lc yxHkx iwjs o"kZ ?kjksa esa dSn jgs gSa!
yksxksa dks blds nq%[kn vkSj vpafHkr igyqvksa dks Hkqykus esa dbZ&dbZ lky yxsaxsA dbZ rks 'kk;n
rkmez blds nnZ dks Hkqyk ugha ik,axsA gkykafd ml Hk;kog dky ls vke tuthou vc /khjs&/khjs
mcjus yxk gSA

ftl rjg ls dksjksuk ok;jl us yksxksa dh ftanxh dh xkM+h dks vpkud csiVjh dj fn;k
Fkk] mlls rqjar futkr ikuk Hkkjh eqf'dy yx jgk Fkk] ysfdu vkt gkykr cnys gSaA thou dh
xkM+h vc iVjh ij ykSVus yxh gSA v–'; fo"kk.kq ds çk.k?kkrd laØe.k ls yksxksa dks cpkus ds fy,
nqfu;kHkj ds oSKkfudksa o fpfdRldksa us tks vFkd esgur dh gS] mlh dk lq[kn ifj.kke ;g gS fd
lky dk var vkrs&vkrs dksjksuk oSDlhu us ubZ mEehn txkbZA mlh dk ifj.kke gS fd uwru o"kZ dk
vkxkt ubZ mEehnksa ds lkFk gks jgk gSA fujk'kk vkSj volkn ds nkSj ls fudy dj vkt ge u,
lky ds Lokxr }kj ij [kM+s gSaA mEehn vkSj fo'okl ds lkFk mRlkg Hkko ls gesa u, lky dk
Lokxr djuk pkfg,A

fonk o"kZ 2020! vusd dkj.kksa ls bls Hkqyk ikuk vlaHko gSA gekjk lekt e`R;qiwtd gSA tks
xqtj tkrs gSa mudh J)katfy esa flQZ vPNh ckrsa gh dgh tkrh gSaA bl fygkt ls ;g dguk xyr
ugha gksxk fd blus gesa ,d lkFk vusd u, 'kCnksa ls ifjp; djk;kA y‚dMkmu] vkblksys'ku]
lsusVkbts'ku] lks'ky fMLVsaflax] ekLd tSls 'kCn vke voke dh ftºok ij dSls ?kj dj x,] irk
gh ugha pyk! yksxksa dks ?kj dk egRo irk pyk rks Nr vkSj pkjnhokjh dh vlyh mi;ksfxrk le>
vkbZA ;gh ugha] ge tc ?kjksa esa dSn gksus dks foo'k gq,] gekjh xkfM+;ksa ds ifg, tc tke fd, x,
rks geus lgt eglwl fd;k fd okrkoj.k iwjk 'kq) gks x;kA dkslksa nwj ls gh igkM+ fn[kus yxsA
gok ds lkFk&lkFk ufn;ka Hkh LoPN gks xbZa! djksM+ksa #i;s [kpZ djus ds ckn Hkh tks ufn;ka lkQ ugha
gks ik jgh Fkha] mldh rygVh lkQ fn[kus yxhA txg&txg u, i'kqvksa vkSj ubZ if{k;ksa ds n'kZu
gksus yxsA ;gh ugha] dke djus dh i)fr esa vkewypwy ifjorZu Hkh vk;kA rduhd ds lgkjs
ftanxh pykus dh laHkkouk,a ryk'kh xbZa vkSj blus gekjh ftanxh cny nh gSA vkt v‚uykbu
'k‚fiax t:jr cu xbZ gSA ^odZ Ý‚e gkse* us laHkkoukvksa dk u;k vkdk'k [kksy fn;kA f'k{kk]
LokLF;] cSfdax vkSj cktkj ls ysdj ?kj&n¶rj rd dh dk;Z O;oLFkk esa rduhd dk LFkku vge
cu x;kA baVjusV ekuo thou dk vge fgLlk gks x;kA fMftVkbts'ku us yksxksa ds thou dks

lgt cuk fn;kA dS'kysl vknku&çnku esa rsth vk xbZA fQtwy[kphZ ij yxke yxh rks vehjh ds
HkksaMs çn'kZu ij fojke Hkh yxkA 'kknh] Jk) o vU; lkekftd dk;ksaZ ij gksus okys fujFkZd [kpksaZ
dh igpku Hkh gqbZA ,d vge ckr ;g mtkxj gqbZ fd Hkxoku dk vlyh LFkku muds Hkäksa dk
lPpk eu gksrk gSA

o"kZ 2020 us ;g ,glkl djk fn;k fd vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr vfHk;ku fdruk vifjgk;Z gSA bl
lky varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij vk;ksftr vusd cSBdksa esa Hkkjr dk vkRefo'okl nwljs ns'kksa ds flj
p<+dj cksykA blls blds lg;ksx vkSj lgdkj dh ea'kk Hkh mtkxj gqbZA ,d ckj iqu% nks ns'kksa ds
chp 'khr ;q) us fo'o dks nks [kseksa esa foHkä dj fn;kA phu vkSj vesfjdk ds chp fNM+s bl 'khr
;q) esa Hkkjr us dbZ ns'kksa dks bl ckr ls Hkyh&Hkkafr voxr djk;k fd oSf'od lIykbZ psu esa phuh
opZLo dks derj djus rFkk nqfu;k dh lksp&rLohj cnyus esa Hkkjr dkjxj gSA dksjksuk ok;jl
QSykus ds vkjksi ls Hk;adj cnukeh >sy jgs phu us vesfjdh jk"Vªifr ds viekfur 'kCn ^phuh
ok;jl* ls futkr ikus ds fy, Hkkjrh; ç/kkuea=h ls xqgkj yxkbZA ckn esa] fo'o fcjknjh dk /;ku
HkVdkus ds fy, mlus yík[k esa u, lhek fookn dh fpaxkjh iSnk dj nhA bl lcds ckotwn
varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkkjr us vius xqVfujis{k fl)kar dks viuk, j[kdj viuh vPNh igpku
cukus esa lQyrk ikbZ gSA

dguk vfr'k;ksfä ugha gksxh fd lky 2020 us pqukSfr;ksa dks volj esa cnyus dk ,d lqanj
volj Hkh fn;kA bldk eryc ;g drbZ ugha gS fd dksjksuk dky dks efgekeafMr fd;k tk,A bl
ckr ls eqag ugha eksM+k tk ldrk gS fd bl dky esa Hkkjh csjkstxkjh iSnk gqbZA f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; ds
{ks= esa tcjnLr [kkfe;ka mtkxj gqbZaA 90 djksM+ xzkeh.k vkcknh ds fy, LokLF; lsok 21oha lnh esa
Hkh jkeHkjksls gS] ftls nwj djuk gekjh lcls cM+h pqukSrh gksxhA blh rjg] f'k{kk dh çeq[k dM+h
cPps&f'k{kd vkSj vfHkHkkod esa ,d pkSFkh dM+h Hkh tqM+ xbZ gS vkSj og baVjusV gSA opqZvy d{kkvksa
us bldh vifjgk;Zrk mtkxj dj nh gSA vkt opqZvy Dykl dh ppkZ f'k{kk txr esa loZ= gks jgh
gS] ysfdu bl lPpkbZ ls dksbZ Hkh budkj ugha dj ldrk fd vkt Hkh cgqr ls yksxksa ds ikl u rks
daI;wVj gS] u LekVZQksuA baVjusV dh lqfo/kk ls oafpr gSa vusd cPpsA ,sls esa] ;fn vko';drk dks
volj esa cnyus dh dksf'k'k gj {ks= ls gks rks çxfr ds ekxZ Lor: [kqyrs tk,axs] blesa dksbZ nks er
gks gh ugha ldrkA ,sls esa ge lHkh dks ;g ç.k ysuk pkfg, fd ge u, lky esa pqukSrh dks volj esa
cnyus dk dksbZ Hkh volj O;FkZ ugha tkus nsaxsA vius fgLls dk dke c[kwch djsaxsA thou dh
voLFkk pkgs tSlh Hkh gks] vius thou dks mRlo ekudj ,d&,d {k.k th,axs vkSj vius liuksa dk
le`) Hkkjr cuk,axsA blds fy, gesa LoLFk] le`) vkSj lkFkZd gksuk gSA lqLokxre 2021A

¼vo/ks'k dqekj cPpu½

cusxk fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk lgkjk

* mPprj f’k{kk foHkkx dh nks mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx ds iz/kku lfpo vadqj xqIrk
;kstukvksa dks iz/kku lfpo us opqZvy IysVQkeZ ds ek/;e ls fd;kA
us fn[kkbZ gjh >aMh
mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx ds iz/kku lfpo]
* ruko gksus ij fo|kFkhZ ys vadqj xqIrk us ubZ fn”kk fMLVªsl dkWy lsaVj vkSj
ldsaxs fo’ks”kKksa dh lykg U;wfVª”ku Kku ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls ppkZ dhA
Nk=kvksa dks ,fufe;k ls mUgksaus bl ;kstuk dks dkQh iz”kaluh; dgkA
cpkus ds fy, foLr`r ;kstuk lkFk gh ;g funsZ”k Hkh fn;k fd ge ftl Hkh
;kstuk dks /kjkry ij yk jgs gSa mldk fo|kfFkZ;ksa
mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx ds egkfuns”kd vftr dks iwjk Qk;nk feys] ;g lqfuf”pr djuk gekjk
ckykth dh ns[kjs[k esa ubZ fn”kk vkSj U;wfVª”ku nkf;Ro gSA mUgksaus ubZ fn”kk fMLVªsl dkWy lsaVj
Kku uke ls nks vkSj vfHkuo iz;kl “kq: fd, x, dks vkSj Hkh nq:Lr djus ds dqN egRoiw.kZ lq>ko
gSaA nksuksa ;kstukvksa dk “kqHkkjaHk “kqØokj dks Hkh fn,A vadqj xqIrk us dgk fd tc rd leL;k
dk lek/kku u gks tk, rc rd LVwMsaV~l vkSj
dkmalyj ds chp dksbZ Hkh dE;qfuds”ku xSi ugha
jguk pkfg,A

3

mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx ds egkfuns”kd vftr LokLF; ij Hkh xgjk vlj Mkyk vkSj dbZ Nk=
ckykth tks”kh us dgk fd Nk=kvksa ,oa efgykvksa euksoSKkfud leL;kvksa vkSj ekufld volk/k ds
esa ,uhfe;k dh fLFkfr T;knk xaHkhj gSA ,sls esa f'kdkj gks x,A dksfoM&19 ls mits ekufld
U;wVªhf”k;u Kku dk;ZØe ds tfj, izns”k ds lHkh ruko volkn dks nwj djus ds fy, mPprj f'k{kk
jktdh; dkWystksa esa Nk=kvksa dks loZ iksf’kr vkgkj foHkkx gfj;k.kk us Nk=ksa dh lqfo/kk ds fy, ,d
ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nh tk,xhA xzkeh.k Nk=k,a 24*7 fu'kqYd gsYi uacj 91&74198&64999
bl ;kstuk esa egRoiw.kZ Hkfedk fuHkk ldrh gSaA ftlls ^ubZ fn'kk* uke fn;k x;k gSA ;g gsYi
og Lo;a Kku cVksj dj iM+ksl o vius xkao dh ykbu Nk=ksa ds ekufld volkn] ruko ,oa vU;
efgykvksa dks csgrj iksf’kr vgkj dh tkudkjh ns euksoSKkfud leL;kvksa ls jkgr nsus ds fy,
ldsaxhA egkfuns”kd us crk;k fd ubZ fn”kk dkWy çkFkfed fpfdRlk dsaæ ds rSj ij fnu&jkr dke
fMLVªsl dkWy lsaVj ds tfj, izns”k dk dksbZ Hkh djsxk vkSj yksxksa dks fu'kqYd ijke'kZ nsxkA
Nk= vius ruko dks nwj djus ds fy, fo”ks’kK ls
lh/ks ckr dj ldsxkA blds fy, dbZ dkmalyjksa bl gsYi ykbu uacj ij 40 ls T;knk
ls geus Vkbvi fd;k gSA dq'ky ,oa is'ksoj eukSfpfdRld miyC/k jgsaxsA
tks ruko ls ihfM+r Nk=&Nk=kvksa ,oa muds
egkfuns”kd ds funsZ”ku esa dk;ZØe dh ifjtuksa dks mfpr ijke'kZ nsaxsA ;g ,d
:ijs[kk TokbaV Mk;jsDVj jhVk xqIrk vkSj vatw Vsyh&gsYi ykbu ds rSj ij dke djsxk tks Nk=ksa
eukspk us rS;kj dh gSA d;ZØe dk lapkyu fMIVh dks HkkoukRed lg;ksx nsxkA ijke'kZ çkIr djus

Mk;jsDVj gsear oekZ us fd;kA bl nkSjku izns”k ds okys yksxksa dh xksiuh;rk cjdjkj j[kus dh iwjh
dbZ egkfo|ky;ksa ds fizafliy mifLFkr jgsA O;oLFkk bl gsYi ykbu esa dh xbZ gSA blds
vykok ;g gsYi ykbu yksxksa dks ekufld
dksfoM&19 ls tw>us ds fy, yEch vof/k LokLF; ds çfr tkx:d Hkh djsxk rkfd blds
rd yxus okys ykWdMkmu vkSj bl nkSjku yxkbZ çfr lkekftd utfj;k cnyk tk ldsA
xbZ rjg&rjg dh cafn'kksa us Nk=ksa ds ekufld

4

ekufld ruko gks rks Mk;y djsa fu%’kqYd gsYiykbu uacj

gfj;k.kk esa i<+us okys Nk=&Nk=kvksa dh leL;kvksa ds fuokj.k ,oa muds dY;k.k ds fy, mPprj
f'k{kk foHkkx fur u;s&u;s ç;ksx dj jgk gSA blh Øe esa foHkkx us ^ubZ fn'kk* vkSj ^U;wfVª'k;u Kku*
uke ls nks vkSj vfHkuo ç;kl fd, gSaA dksfoM&19 egkekjh us oSf'od Lrj ij gj {ks= esa dkQh
uqdlku igqapk;k gSA o"kZ 2020 esa tgka bl egkekjh esa O;kid rckgh epkbZ ogha bl u;s o"kZ esa Hkh bl
egkekjh ls tíkstn tkjh gSA O;kid vkfFkZd uqdlku vkSj tugkfu ds vykok bl egkekjh us vU;
dbZ nq"çHkko NksM+s gSaA blls u flQZ Nk=kvksa dh i<+kbZ çHkkfor gqbZ gSA cfYd bldk muds ekufld
LokLF; ij Hkh dkQh xgjk vlj gqvk gSA blus thou thus dk rjhdk gh cny fn;k gSA

blds vykok osclkbV ij vU; xfrfof/k;ka Hkh iks"k.k ds çfr tkx:d fd;k tk,xkA otu dks
vk;ksftr dh tk,axh ftuesa igsfy;ka gy djuk] fu;a=.k esa j[kus ds fy, Nk=kvksa dks ^ckWMh ekl
ekufld LokLF; ls tqM+s egRoiw.kZ vkys[k baMsDl* ¼ch,evkbZ½ ds ckjs esa crk;k tk,xk rkfd
çdkf'kr djuk] CykWx ,oa viuh dgkfu;ka 'ks;j mUgsa 'kjhj foKku ,oa mlds xf.kr dks le>us esa
djuk vkfn 'kkfey gSaA CykWx ,oa dgkfu;ksa dks vklkuh gksxhA
;wtj dh vuqefr feyus ds ckn gh çdkf'kr fd;k
tk,xkA ;g çfØ;k opqZvy oschukj ds ek/;e ls
lEiUu dh tk,xh ftlds rgr tuojh ekg ds
bl çdkj] gfj;k.kk ds 172 jkT;dh; nkSjku gfj;k.k ds 172 jkT;dh; egkfo|ky;ksa esa
egkfo|ky;ksa esa i<+us okyh yM+fd;ksa ,oa ,d ls nks ?kaVs ds ysDpj vk;ksftr fd, tk,axsA
efgykvksa dks LoLFk j[kus ,oa mUgsa l'kä cukus bl dk;Z esa gfj;k.kk ljdkj ds vykok ,ebZVh
ds fy, mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx us ^U;wfVª'ku Kku* ;wfuoflZVh vkSj ,e,u;w Hkh lg;ksx djsaxsA ns[kk
uke ls ,d ubZ igy 'kq: dh gSA blds rgr x;k gS fd gfj;k.kk dh gj rhu efgykvksa esa ls nks
efgyk Nk=ksa dks muds mfpr [kku&iku ,oa efgyk,a ,fufe;ka ¼,u,Q,l,l4½ ls xzLr gSaA

5

lkjs tgka ls vPNk

Hkkjr dh vktknh ds ckn jk’Vªh; Lrj ij /keZ] ds gkFk esa 'kfä ugha gksrh gSA blds rhu fgLls gSa
dk;Zikfydk] U;k;ikfydk vkSj O;oLFkkfidkA
tkfr] {ks= ls Åij mBdj
x.kra= fnol dk bfrgkl
nks fnu vfr egRoiw.kZ
x.kra= fnol ds fy, 26 tuojh dk fnu gh D;ksa
gSaA ,d ns”k dh pquk x;k\ blds ihNs Hkh ,d 'kkunkj bfrgkl
gSA igyh ijsM ls djhc 20 lky igys ;kuh 26
vktknh dk fnu 15 tuojh] 1929 dks dkaxzsl ds ykgkSj lEesyu esa
iw.kZ Lojkt dk ladYi ikfjr fd;k x;k FkkA
vxLr vkSj nwljk 26
blls igys Hkkjrh; fczfV'k lkezkT; dk
tuojh x.kra= fnol] fgLlk jgrs gq, vkaf'kd vktknh ik ysus
dh dYiuk ls Hkh larq"V utj vkrs FksA
nksuksa jk’Vªh; iw.kZ Lojkt dh ekax ,d cM+h ,sfrgkfld
?kVuk FkhA blds ckn dkaxzsl ds
t;fd”ku Hkkj}kt R;ksgkj ds
rRdkyhu v/;{k
vflLVsaV izksQslj] fof/k laLFkku :i esa euk, iafMr tokgj yky
dq#{ks= fo”ofo|ky;] dq#{ks= tkrs gSaA gekjs usg: us 31 fnlacj] 1929
dks ykgkSj esa jkoh ds rV ij
fy, ftruk frjaxk Qgjk;k FkkA bl ekSds ij
ladYi fy;k x;k fd lHkh Hkkjrh;
egRoiw.kZ Lora=rk fnol gS] mruk gh x.kra= vkxkeh 26 tuojh dks Lora=rk fnol
euk,axsA 26 tuojh] 1930 dks ns'k Hkj
fnol Hkh gSA 15 vxLr 1947 dks vktknh esa yksx fczfV'k 'kklu dh ikcafn;ksa dks
rksM+dj lM+dksa ij fudy vk,A yksxksa
dk fnu gS] ysfdu ;g vktknh v/kwjh

Fkh] 26 tuojh 1950 dks ns'k ds

yksdrkaf=d jkT; cuus ds ckn

vktknh iwjh gqbZA x.k vFkkZr

turk vkSj ra= dk eryc

gksrk gS 'kkluA x.kra= dk

'kkfCnd vFkZ gqvk] turk dk

'kkluA ,slk ns'k ;k jkT; tgka

turk viuk çfrfuf/k pqurh gSA , s

ls jk"Vª dks yksdrkaf=d x.kjkT; dh

laKk nh x;h gSA ,slh O;oLFkk gekjs ns'k esa

gSA blhfy, gekjk ns'k ,d yksdrkaf=d

x.kjkT; dgykrk gSA x.kra= vFkkZr ,slk

ns'k tgka lÙkk/kkjh ljdkj dks pquus vkSj

gVkus dk vf/kdkj vke turk ds ikl gksrk gSA

Hkkjrh ljdkj dk Lo:i lalnh; gSA ,slh

ljdkj dHkh fujadq'k ugha gksrh] D;ksafd fdlh ,d

6

ij vktknh dk tquwu lokj FkkA gj rjQ gkFkksa esa gLrfyf[kr d‚fi;ksa ij gLrk{kj fd,A blds nks
frjaxk fy, yksx utj vk jgs FksA blds ckn fnu ckn lafo/kku 26 tuojh dks ;g ns'k Hkj esa
vktknh nwj ugha FkhA vkf[kjdkj 15 vxLr] 1947 ykxw gks x;kA 26 tuojh dk egRo cuk, j[kus
dks Hkkjr vktkn gqvkA lafo/kku lHkk dh vksj ls ds fy, blh fnu lafo/kku fuekZ=h lHkk }kjk
9 fnlacj 1947 ls dk;Z vkjaHk dj fn;k x;k FkkA Loh—r lafo/kku esa Hkkjr ds x.kra= ds Lo:i dks
lafo/kku lHkk ds lnL; Hkkjr ds jkT;ksa dh ekU;rk çnku dh xbZA
lHkkvkas ds fuokfZ pr lnL;kas ds }kjk puq s x, FkAs M‚-
Hkhejko vca Ms dj] tokgjyky ugs :] M‚- jktæas dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu
çlkn] ljnkj oYyHk HkkbZ iVys ] ekyS kuk vcyq
dyke vktkn vkfn bl lHkk ds çe[q k lnL; 26 tuojh] 1950 dks cM+h 'kku ds lkFk vktkn
fu;Dq r fd, x, FkAs lfa o/kku ds fuek.Z k ds fy, dyq Hkkjr dh igyh ijsM dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA
22 lfefr;ka cukbZ xbZ FkhA bleas çk:i lfefr baMksusf'k;k ds jk"Vªifr lqd.kksaZ dks bl volj ij
¼Mkª f¶Vxa deVs h½ lcls çe[q k ,oa egÙoi.w kZ lfefr
ekuh tkrh gAS bl lfefr dk dk;Z lia .w kZ lfa o/kku crkSj eq[; vfrfFk cqyk;k x;k FkkA bl QSlys ij
dk fuek.Z k djuk vkjS fy[kuk FkkA Hkh Hkkjrh; vkSj baMksusf”k;k ds mifuos”kokn ds
f[kykQ la?k’kZ dh Nki FkhA nksuksa gh ns”kksa esa
çk:i lfefr ds v/;{k fof/kosÙkk M‚- Lora=rk ds fy, turk us la?k’kZ fd;k FkkA
Hkhejko vacsMdj FksA çk:i lfefr us vkSj mlesa Lora= Hkkjr dh igyh x.kra= fnol ijsM
fo'ks"k :i ls M‚- vacsMdj us 2 o"kZ] 11 ekg] 18 jkt/kkuh fnYyh ds bfoZu ,aihfFk;sVj ;kuh vkt
fnu esa Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dk fuekZ.k fd;k vkSj ds estj /;kupan LVsfM;e ls 'kq: gqbZA ns'k ds
lafo/kku lHkk ds v/;{k M‚- jktsUæ çlkn dks 26 igys jk"Vªifr M‚- jktsaæ çlkn us x.kra= fnol
uoEcj 1949 dks Hkkjr dk lafo/kku lqiqnZ fd;k ij /otkjksg.k fd;kA jk"Vªifr us Hkkjr ds
x;k blfy, 26 uoacj dks Hkkjr esa lafo/kku yksdrkaf=d ns”k ;kuh x.kra= gksus dh ?kks’k.kk dh
fnol ds :i esa çfr o"kZ euk;k tkrk gSA lafo/kku FkhA mUgsa 31 rksiksa dh lykeh nh xbZ FkhA mlds
lHkk us lafo/kku ds fuekZ.k ds le; dqy 114 ckn ijsM 'kq: gqbZA lsuk ds cSaM dh /kquksa ij ekpZ
fnuksa rd cSBd dh FkhA bu cSBdksa esa çsl vkSj djrh lSU; VqdfM+;ksa us jk"Vªifr dks lykeh nhA
turk dks Hkkx ysus dh LorU=rk FkhA vusd ijsM bfoZu ,aihfFk;sVj ls fudy dj yky fdys
lq/kkjksa vkSj cnykoksa ds ckn lHkk ds 308 lnL;ksa dh rjQ c<+h rks mldh ,d >yd ikus ds fy,
us 24 tuojh 1950 dks lafo/kku dh nks lM+d ds nksuksa vksj yksxksa dk gqtwe meM+ iM+kA
ijsM ds Åij ls gkjoMZ] MdksVk] ch&24 fycjsVj]
g‚dj VsaisLV] fLiV Qk;j vkSj tsV foekuksa us

7

प

Jh

mM+ku HkjhA ns'k okfl;ksa ds fy, ;g iy fofLer * ^vlk/kkj.k vkSj fof'k"V lsok* ds fy, in~e
djus okyk FkkA foHkw"k.kA in~e foHkw"k.k Hkkjr dk nwljk
loksZPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj gSA
iqjLdkj forj.k
* ^mPp dks&mPpLrj dh fof'k"V lsok* ds
x.kra= fnol dh iwoZ la/;k ij Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr fy, in~e Hkw"k.kA in~e Hkw"k.k Hkkjr esa
gj lky Hkkjr ds ukxfjdksa dks in~e iqjLdkj rhljk loksZPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj gS A
forfjr djrs gSaA Hkkjr jRu ds ckn ;s Hkkjr esa
nwljk loksZPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj gSA ;s iqjLdkj * ^fof'k"V lsok* ds fy, in~eJhA in~eJh
rhu Jsf.k;ksa esa fn, tkrs gSaA tSls in~e foHkw"k.k] Hkkjr dk pkSFkk loksZPp ukxfjd
in~e Hkw"k.k vkSj in~eJhA ;g fnu egt x.kra= iqjLdkj gSA
ds ,syku ;k lafo/kku ds ykxw gksus dk fnu ugha
gSA x.kra= fnol ns'k ds fy, tku dqckZu dj nsus chfVax fjVªhV
vkSj ns'kokfl;ksa dh j{kk esa tku xaok nsus okyksa dk
Hkh fnu gSA x.kra= fnol mRlo ds var dks vkf/kdkfjd rkSj
ij n'kkZus ds ckn chfVax n fjVªhV lekjksg dk
gj o"kZ 26 tuojh dks lSU; iqjLdkj fn, vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA ;g x.kra= fnol ds
tkrs gSaA blds vykok fo’ke gkykr esa cgknqjh ckn rhljs fnu 29 tuojh dh 'kke dks vk;ksftr
fn[kkus okys ukxfjdksa vkSj cPpksa dks Hkh lEekfur fd;k tkrk gSA dk;ZØe esa cSaM dk vk;kstu lsuk
fd;k tkrk gSA ijsM 'kq: gksus ls igys ç/kkuea=h ds rhu vaxksa ds cSaM }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA lekjksg
bafM;k xsV tkdj vej toku T;ksfr ij 'kghn ds eq[; vfrfFk Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr gksrs gSa tks ,d
lSfudksa dks J)k lqeu vfiZr djrs gSaA ijsM 'kq: ?kqM+lokj bdkbZ ¼ihchth½ }kjk vkrs gSaA jk"Vªifr
gksrh gS rks mlesa ohjrk iqjLdkj fotsrk lcls ds igqapus ij ihchth dekaMj ;wfuV dks jk"Vªh;
vkxs pyrs gSaA muds ihNs lSU; lktks lkeku dk lykeh nsus ds fy, dgrk gS] ftlds ckn lsuk
çn'kZu fd;k tkrk gSA bl lcdh viuh vyx gh }kjk Hkkjrh; jk"Vªxku tu x.k eu dh izLrqfr
vgfe;r gSA gksrh gSA

8

x.kra= fnol d¢ fnu izns’k d¢ yoizhr nsaxs xkMZ vkWQ vkWuj

lkr dSMsV jktiFk

ij fn[kk,axs gquj

* csLV dSMsV izfr;ksfxrk d¢ fy, e;ad ‘kekZ dk fd;k x;k p;u
* vkjMh dSai ls ,ulhlh dSMsVksa dk gks ldrk gS lsuk esa p;u

bl ckj x.kra= fnol ij gfj;k.kk ds lkr ldsA gkykafd ns'k Hkj ds yk[kksa dSMsV esa ls dqN
,ulhlh dSMsV ubZ fnYyh esa jktiFk ij vkjMh dk gh p;u blds fy, gks ikrk gSA ;g ekSdk
ijsM esa dnerky djsaxsA blds fy, p;fur ,ulhlh dSMsV~l ds ykbQ esa flQZ ,d ckj gh
lkrksa dSMsV dks fjglZy ds fy, fnYyh cqyk fy;k vkrk gSA bldh p;u çfØ;k Hkh dkQh dfBu
x;k gSA buesa ls ,d dk p;u csLV dSMsV ds fy, gksrh gSA dSMsV~l dk p;u tqykbZ ekg ds dSai ls
Hkh gks x;k gSA ;gka rd
igqapus ds fy, bu dSMsV
dks dbZ eghus rd dbZ Lrj
dh p;u çfØ;k ls xqtjuk
iM+k gSA

;g ekSdk dSMsV
ds thou esa flQZ
,d ckj feyrk gS

gj ,ulhlh dSMsV dk liuk
gksrk gS fd og ns”k d¢ lcls
cM+s dSai vkjMh esa “kkfey gksa
vkSj og vkjMh ijsM esa
viuk “kkunkj izn”kZu dj

9

“k:q gkrs k gS tks fnlca j rd pyrk gAS blds fy, bl dkWyst d¢ gSa ,ulhlh dSMsV~l
igys cVkfy;u Lrj ij mlds ckn xiqz Lrj] bVa j
xiqz vkjS fQj u's kuy Lrj ij p;u gkrs k gAS vkjMh ijsM ds fy, p;furksa esa vackyk
dkfs oM&19 ds dkj.k bl ckj diaS dh ifz Ø;k de xzqi ls ljdkjh dkWyst vackyk dSaV ls nks
jghA ;s diaS uoca j ls “k:q g,q FkAs bu lc çfØ;kvkas dSMsV yoizhr flag vkSj djunhi flag]
ls xtq jus ds ckn jkgs rd xiqz ls 3 vkjS vca kyk ls 4 ljdkjh dkWyst ukjk;.kx<+ ls usgk vkSj
feykdj inz ”s k ls dyq lkr dMS Vs l~ dk p;u gks vkjds,lMh dkWyst dSFky ls euthr
pdq k gAS bleas Ng yMd+ ¢ vkjS ,d yMd+ h gAS flag “kkfey gSaA ogha] jksgrd xzqi ls pkj
dSMsV~l dk p;u fd;k x;k Fkk] ysfdu
vkjMh esa ;g miyfC/k ,d ,ulhlh dSMsV iwtk dh rfc;r
[kjkc gksus ds dkj.k og okil vk xbZA
gkfly djsaxs dSMsV~l vc flQZ 3 dSMsV gh jksgrd xzqi ls x,
gSaA Mh,u dkWyst fglkj ls e;ad “kekZ]
2 ,p,vkj vackyk dSaV cVkfy;u ds yoizhr flag okbZ,elh, fo”ofo|ky; Qjhnkckn ls
xkMZ vkWQ vkWuj nsaxsA blh cVkfy;u ds djunhi rq’kkj nyky vkSj Mh,yts,l dkWyst
flag ih,e jSyh esa “kkfey gksaxsA blds vykok 1 rks”kke ls fofiu ;kno dk p;u vkjMh
,p,vkj xYlZ vackyk dSaV cVkfy;u dh usgk dSai ds fy, gqvk gSA
jktiFk vkSj ih,e jSyh esa 'kkfey gksaxh rks 10
,p,vkj dq#{ks= cVkfy;u ds euthr flag Hkh
ih,e jSyh esa jgsaxsA p;furksa esa 1 ,p,vkj

10

,;jfoax fglkj cVkfy;u ls e;ad “kekZ csLV ijsM ds fy, p;fur dSMsV dks lsuk esa vQlj
dSMsV esa “kkfey gks jgs gSaA 1 ,p,vkj usoh foax cuus dk ekSdk feysxkA ;s lHkh vkehZ vQlj ds
Qjhnkckn cVkfy;u ls rq’kkj nyky ih,e jSyh o fy, gksus okys ,l,lch baVjO;w esa Hkkx ys ldrs
11 ,p,vkj fHkokuh cVkfy;gu ls fofiu ;kno gSaA blds vykok lHkh rjg dh ljdkjh ukSdfj;ksa
jktiFk ijsM ds fy, p;fur gq, gSaA esa budks NwV feysxhA blds vykok vxj ;s
dSMsV~l ,ulhlh ls ^lh* lfVZfQd¢V , xzsM ls
vkjMh ds fy, p;fur dSMsV~l dks ikl dj ysrs gSa rks dSMsV~l dks lsuk] v)ZlSfud
lsuk esa vQlj cuus dk ekSdk Hkh cyksa d¢ vykok fofHkUu ljdkjh ukSdfj;ka ikus esa
vklkuh jgrh gSA
,ulhlh ds duZy dsVh c;uh us crk;k fd vkjMh

xouZj nsaxs 21 gtkj #i;s dk buke % vthr flag

mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx ds fMIVh Mk;jsDVj vthr flag us crk;k fd vkjMh dSai ls ykSVs 7 dSMsV~l dks iqjLd`r
fd;k tk,xkA bu lHkh dSMsV~l dks ,d Qjojh dks xouZj gkml esa xouZj d¢ }kjk esesaVks o 21 gtkj #i;s ls
lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA bUgksaus ;g Hkh crk;k fd vkjMh dSai ls ykSVs dSMsV~l dks ukSdjh feyuk T;knk
vklku jgrk gSA bld¢ vykok tYn gh ,ulhlh dSMsV~l d¢ fy, T;knk ls T;knk csfufQV nsus dh O;oLFkk
dh tk,xh] rkfd gfj;k.kk ds dSMsV~l vkSj vPNk izn”kZu dj ldsaA

11

Lokeh foosdkuan dk lans’k

vkt Hkh izklafxd % iz/kkuea=h

* jk’Vªh; ;qok fnol ij vk;ksftr jk’Vªh; ;qok
laln lekjksg dks fd;k lacksf/kr

jk’Vªh; ;qok fnol ij ç/kkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh us
;qokvksa dks 'kqHkdkeuk,a nhaA iz/kkuea=h us dgk fd
Lokeh foosdkuan dh t;arh ge lHkh dks ubZ çsj.kk
nsrk gSA iz/kkuea=h us dgk fd le; xqtjrk x;k]
ns'k vktkn gks x;k] ysfdu Lokeh th dk çHkko
vc Hkh mruk gh gSA iz/kkuea=h eksnh us jk"Vªh; ;qok
fnol ij 12 tuojh ¼eaxyokj½ dks ohfM;ks
d‚UÝ¢aflax ds ek/;e ls nwljs jk"Vªh; ;qok laln
egksRlo ds lekiu lekjksg dks lacksf/kr fd;kA
mUgksaus dgk fd vkt dk fnu fo'ks"k blfy, Hkh gks
x;k gS D;ksafd bl ckj ;qok laln dk vk;kstu
ns'k dh laln ds lsaVªy g‚y esa gks jgk gSA ;s lsaVªy
g‚y gekjs lafo/kku ds fuekZ.k dk xokg gSA bl
volj ij yksdlHkk v/;{k vkse fcM+yk] dsaæh;
f'k{kk ea=h jes'k iks[kfj;ky ^fu'kad* vkSj dsaæh;
;qok ekeys ,oa [ksy ea=h fdju fjfttq Hkh
mifLFkr jgsA

iz/kkuea=h us dgk fd v/;kRe dks ysdj
Lokeh foosdkuan us tks dgk] jk"Vªokn&jk"VªfuekZ.k
dks ysdj mUgksaus tks dgk vkSj tulsok&txlsok
dks ysdj muds fopkj vkt gekjs eu&eafnj esa
mruh gh rhozrk ls çokfgr gksrs gSaA Lokeh
foosdkuan us O;fDr;ksa vkSj laLFkkvksa ds fuekZ.k dk
vueksy migkj fn;k gSA yksx Lokeh th ds çHkko
esa vkrs gSa] laLFkkuksa dk fuekZ.k djrs gSa] fQj mu
laLFkkuksa ls ,sls yksx fudyrs gSa tks Lokeh th ds
fn[kk, ekxZ ij pyrs gq, u, yksxksa dks tksM+rs
pyrs gSaA O;fä ls laLFkk,a vkSj laLFkkvksa ls O;fä
rd] ;g pØ Hkkjr dh cgqr cM+h rkdr gSA

12

Lokeh th us jk"Vªh; Hkkouk dks txk;k j[kk tk jgk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd igys ns'k esa ;s
/kkj.kk cu xbZ Fkh fd vxj dksbZ ;qod jktuhfr
iz/kkuea=h us dgk fd Lokeh foosdkuan us jk"Vªh; dh rjQ #[k djrk Fkk rks ?kj okys dgrs Fks fd
Hkkouk vkSj psruk dks txk;kA ml le; tks cPpk fcxM+ jgk gS] D;ksafd jktuhfr dk eryc gh
vktknh dh tax yM+ jgs Fks oks Lokeh foosdkuan cu x;k Fkk& >xM+k] Qlkn] ywV&[klksV vkSj
th ls çsfjr FksA Lora=rk lsukfu;ksa dh fxj¶rkjh Hkz"VkpkjA yksx dgrs Fks fd lc dqN cny
ds le; Lokeh foosdkuan ds bfrgkl ls lacaf/kr ldrk gS ysfdu fl;klr ugha cny ldrhA
lkfgR; t:j feyrk FkkA
iz/kkuea=h us vius lacks/ku esa dgk fd
iz/kkuea=h eksnh us dgk fd ;s Lokeh th dqN cnyko ckdh gSa] vkSj ;s cnyko ns'k ds
gh Fks ftUgksaus ml nkSj esa dgk Fkk fd fuMj] ;qokvksa dks gh djus gSaA jktuhfrd oa'kokn] ns'k
csckd] lkQ fny okys] lkglh vkSj egRokdka{kh ds lkeus ,slh gh pqukSrh gS ftls tM+ ls m[kkM+uk
;qok gh oks jk’Vª fuekZ.k dh uhao gSa ftl ij jk"Vª gSA vc dsoy ljuse ds lgkjs pquko thrus okyksa
ds Hkfo"; dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA os ;qokvksa ij] ;qok ds fnu ynus yxs gSaA ysfdu jktuhfr esa oa'kokn
'kfä ij bruk fo'okl djrs FksA mUgksaus dgk fd dk ;s jksx iwjh rjg lekIr ugha gqvk gSA vkt dh
ubZ jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr jk"Vª&fuekZ.k dh fn'kk esa jktuhfr esa fu"i{k yksxksa dks Hkh ekSdk fey jgk
,d dne gSA ge ,d bdks&flLVe cuk jgs gSa] gSA bZekunkjh vkSj çn'kZu vkt dh jktuhfr dh
tks gekjs ;qokvksa dks ;gka csgrj volj nsxkA igyh vfuok;Z 'krZ gksrh gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ftudh
fojklr Fkh] mudk Hkz"Vkpkj gh vkt mu ij nkx
eksnh us dgk fd Lokeh th us 'kkjhfjd cu x;k gSA oks yk[k dksf'k'kksa ds ckn Hkh blls
vkSj ekufld 'kfä ij leku :i ls tksj fn;kA mcj ugha ik jgs gSaA
gekjk ;qok [kqydj viuh çfrHkk vkSj vius liuksa
ds vuqlkj [kqn dks fodflr dj ld¢a blds fy, jk"Vªh; ;qok laln egksRlo dk mís';
vkt ,d bdksflLVe rS;kj fd;k tk jgk gSA pkgs
f'k{k.k O;oLFkk gks] lkekftd O;oLFkk gks ;k jk"Vªh; ;qok laln egksRlo dk mís'; 18 ls 25
dkuwuh ckjhfd;ka] gj {ks= esa bu ckrksa dks dsaæ esa o"kZ ds ;qokvksa ds fopkjksa dks lquuk gS tks ernku

13

djus dk vf/kdkj j[krs gSa vkSj vkus okys o"kksaZ esa ,uokbZih,Q dk lekiu dk;ZØe 11 tuojh]
lkoZtfud lsokvksa lfgr fofHkUu lsokvksa esa 2021 dks laln ds lsaVªy g‚y esa vk;ksftr fd;k
'kkfey gksaxsA ;qok laln dh vo/kkj.kk ç/kkuea=h x;kA ih,evks ds eqrkfcd] jk"Vªh; ;qok egksRlo
ds 31 fnlacj] 2017 dks vius eu dh ckr ds dk vk;kstu gj o"kZ 12 ls 16 tuojh dks fd;k
lacks/ku esa O;Dr fd, x, fopkj ij vk/kkfjr gSaA tkrk gSA 12 tuojh dks Lokeh foosdkuan dh
bl fopkj ls çsj.kk ysrs gq,] igyk egksRlo Hkkjr t;arh gS] ftls jk"Vªh; ;qok fnol ds :i esa
dh ubZ vkokt cus vkSj lek/kku [kkstsa ,oa uhfr euk;k tkrk gS- bl o"kZ jk"Vªh; ;qok egksRlo ds
ds fy, ;ksxnku nsa fo"k; ds lkFk 12 tuojh ls lkFk&lkFk ,uokbZih,Q dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k
27 Qjojh 2019 rd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA tk jgk gSA
nwljk jk"Vªh; ;qok laln egksRlo v‚uykbu
ek/;e ls 23 fnlacj] 2020 dks vk;ksftr fd;k Lokeh foosdkuan dh f'k{kk,a
x;k FkkA
• fouezrk ,d vueksy xq.k gSA
igys pj.k esa ns'k Hkj ds 2-34 yk[k • thou esa ftKklk vko';d gSA
;qokvksa us Hkkx fy;kA blds ckn 1 ls 5 tuojh] • n;kyqrk vkSj —ikyqrk lnSo gh
2021 rd opqZvy ek/;e ls jkT; ;qok lalnksa
}kjk bldk vuqlj.k fd;k x;kA nwljs jgus okys gSaA

• çkFkZuk ds ek/;e ls ge gj rwQku
dks ikj dj ldrs gSaA

• ,drk ds laj{k.k ds fy, dk;Z
djsaA

• viuh laL—fr vkSj mlds fl)karks
dk vknj gksA

• lexz –f"Vdks.k j[ksa A
• gkL; foosdoku dk y{k.k gSA

14

;qokvksa dks pqukoh çfØ;k esa Hkkx mifLFkfr esa ubZ fnYyh esa euk;k tkrk gSA
ysus vkSj çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, lekjksg dh “kq:vkr Lokxr Hkk"k.k ls gksrh gS]
gj lky 25 tuojh dks euk;k rRi”pkr dbZ lkaL—frd dk;ZØeksa tSls yksd
tkrk gS jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol u`R;] ukVd] laxhr] fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij Mªkbax
çfr;ksfxrk bR;kfn dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA
Hkkjr esa jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol gj lky 25
tuojh dks euk;k tkrk gSA ;g fnol Hkkjr ds Hkkjr esa ftrus Hkh pquko gksrs gSa] mudks fu"i{krk
çR;sd ukxfjd ds fy, vge gSA bl fnu ns”k ds ls laiUu djkus dh ftEesnkjh ^Hkkjr fuokZpu
çR;sd ukxfjd dks vius jk"Vª ds çR;sd pquko esa vk;ksx^ dh gksrh gSA ^Hkkjr fuokZpu vk;ksx^ dk
Hkkxhnkjh dh 'kiFk ysuh pkfg,] D;ksafd Hkkjr ds xBu Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds ykxw gksus ls 1 fnu
çR;sd O;fä dk oksV gh ns'k ds Hkkoh Hkfo"; dh igys 25 tuojh 1950 dks gqvk Fkk] D;ksafd 26
uhao j[krk gSA blfy, gj O;fä dk oksV jk"Vª ds tuojh 1950 dks Hkkjr ,d x.krkaf=d ns'k cuus
fuekZ.k esa Hkkxhnkj curk gSA okyk Fkk vkSj Hkkjr esa yksdrkaf=d çfØ;kvksa ls
pquko djkus ds fy, fuokZpu vk;ksx dk xBu
izR;sd o’kZ] jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol dks t:jh Fkk blfy, 25 tuojh 1950 dks ^Hkkjr
crkSj eq[; vfrfFk Hkkjr ds ekuuh; jk"Vªifr dh fuokZpu vk;ksx^ xBu gqvkA

Hkkjr ljdkj us o"kZ 2011 ls gj pquko esa

jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol

15

yksxksa dh Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus ds fy, fuokZpu vk;ksx pkfg,] tks ns'k dks fodkl vkSj rjDdh ds iFk ij
ds LFkkiuk fnol ^25 tuojh^ dks gh ^jk"Vªh; ys tk ldsaA
ernkrk fnol^ ds :i esa eukus dh 'kq#vkr dh
FkhA 2011 ls gh gj lky 25 tuojh dks jk"Vªh; Hkkjr esa 65 çfr'kr vkcknh ;qokvksa dh gS]
ernkrk fnol euk;k tkrk gSA bl fnu ns'k esa blfy, ns'k ds çR;sd pquko esa ;qokvksa dks T;knk
ljdkjksa vkSj vusd lkekftd laLFkkvksa }kjk ls T;knk Hkkxhnkjh djuh pkfg, vkSj ,slh
yksxksa dks ernku ds çfr tkx:d djus ds fy, ljdkjsa pquuh pkfg, tks lkaçnkf;drk vkSj
vusd dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gS rkfd tkfrokn ls Åij mBdj ns'k ds fodkl ds ckjs esa
ns'k dh jktuhfrd çfØ;kvksa esa yksxksa dh lkspsaA ftl fnu ns'k dk ;qok tkx tk,xk] ml
vf/kdre Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr dh tk ldsA fnu ns'k ls tkfrokn] Åap&uhp] lkaçnkf;d
HksnHkko [kRe gks tk,xkA ;s gks ldrk gS ge lcds
jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol dk gj o"kZ ernku djus lsA
vk;kstu Hkkjr ds lHkh ukxfjdksa dks vius jk"Vª
ds çfr drZO; dh ;kn fnykrk gSA jk"Vªh; 25 tuojh dks Hkkjr ds çR;sd ukxfjd
ernkrk fnol dk vk;kstu yksxksa dks ;g Hkh dks yksdra= esa fo'okl j[krs gq, 'kiFk ysuh
crkrk gS fd gj O;fä ds fy, ernku djuk pkfg, fd os ns'k dh Lora=] fu"i{k vkSj 'kkafriw.kZ
t:jh gSA Hkkjr ds çR;sd ukxfjd dk ernku pquko djkus dh yksdrkaf=d ijaijk dks cjdjkj
çfØ;k esa Hkkxhnkjh t:jh gS] D;ksafd vke vkneh j[ksaxs vkSj çR;sd pquko esa /keZ] uLy] tkfr]
dk ,d oksV Hkh ljdkjsa cny ldrk gSA ge leqnk;] Hkk"kk vk/kkj ij çHkkfor gq, fcuk fuHkhZd
lcdk ,d oksV gh iyHkj esa ,d vPNk çfrfuf/k gksdj ernku djsaxsA ,slh 'kiFksa gj o"kZ 25
pqu ldrk gS vkSj ,d csdkj çfrfuf/k Hkh pqu tuojh dks yk[kksa yksx ysrs gSaA
ldrk gS blfy, Hkkjr ds çR;sd ukxfjd dks
vius er dk ç;ksx lksp&le>dj djuk pkfg, ysfdu fQj Hkh bl 'kiFk ij vey cgqr
vkSj ,slh ljdkjsa ;k çfrfuf/k pquus ds fy, djuk de gksrk gS] D;ksafd vkt Hkh yksx lkaçnkf;d]
tkfrokn vkSj Hkk"kk;h vk/kkj ij oksV nsrs gSaA
blls vusd vijk/kh ço`fÙk ds yksx Hkh ns'k dh

16

yksdra= dks etcwr djus dk ladYi
ysuk pkfg,A

laln vkSj fo/kkulHkkvksa esa çfrfuf/k pqudj pys Hkkoh ih<h+ ds fy, etcrw usVodZ
tkrs gSaA blfy, Hkkjr ds çR;sd ukxfjd dks
lkaçnkf;d vkSj tkrh; HksnHkko ls Åij mBdj dk fuekZ.k djrk gS ernkrk
,d lkQ&lqFkjh Nfo ds O;fä ds fy, vius er
dk ç;ksx djuk pkfg,A Hkkjr ,d yksdrkaf=d ns'k gSA gj ukxfjd
dks oksV nsus dk ekSfyd vf/kdkj gSA mls
jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol^ dk mís'; yksxksa vius usrk dk p;u djus dk vf/kdkj gS] tks
dh ernku esa vf/kdre Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr ns'k dk usr`Ro djus esa l{ke gks] vke yksxksa
djus ds lkFk&lkFk ernkrkvksa dks ,d vPNk dh leL;kvksa dk lek/kku dj lds vkSj
lkQ&lqFkjh Nfo dk çfrfuf/k pquus gsrq ernku ifjorZu yk ldsaA jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol dk
ds fy, tkx:d djuk gSA gekjs yksdra= dks Hkkjr esa viuk gh egRo gS D;ksafd ns'k dk
fo'o esa bruk etcwr cukus ernkrkvksa ds Hkfo"; usrk esa fufgr gS ftUgsa ge pqurs gSaA
lkFk&lkFk Hkkjr ns'k ds fuokZpu vk;ksx dk Hkh ,d ckj lksfp,] vxj ge vkxs ugha vkrs gSa
vge ;ksxnku gSA fuokZpu vk;ksx dh otg ls gh vkSj lgh usrk dk p;u ugha djrs gSa rks ns'k
ns'k esa fu"i{k pquko gks ikrs gSaA 25 tuojh dh çxfr vkSj fodkl ckf/kr gksxk vkSj ns'k
^jk"Vªh; ernkrk fnol^ ds fnu ns'k ds çR;sd ds yksxksa ij Hkh bldk vlj iM+sxkA ;g ns'k
ernkrk dks viuh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh ds ek/;e ls dk usrk gS tks fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa vkSj dbZ
phtksa dk QSlyk djrk gSA ;fn cqfu;knh
<+kapksa dks Bhd ls fodflr ugha fd;k tk,xk]
rks blls lM+dksa ds fuekZ.k] fctyh dusD'ku
dh leL;k,a vkfn iSnk gks ldrh gSaA
blfy,] gesa ;qokvksa dks Hkkxhnkjh ds fy,
çksRlkfgr djuk pkfg, vkSj vkus okyh ih<+h
ds fy, ,d etcwr usVodZ dk fuekZ.k djuk
pkfg,] vfuok;Z :Ik ls vius oksV Mkyuk
lqfuf'pr dj ldsaA

,d O;fä fdl LFkku ls oksV dj ldrk gS\

vke rkSj ij] pquko vk;ksx fdlh O;fä dks ml LFkku ij ernku
djus dh vuqefr nsrk gS ftl bykds dh ernkrk lwph esa mldk
uke gksA vki mlds fu/kkZfjr cwFk ij gh oksV Mky ldrs gSaA
;fn ernku nks ;k nks ls vf/kd fofHkUu LFkkuksa ls fd;k tkrk
gS] rks bls vijk/k ekuk tkrk gS vkSj tc Hkh og viuk fuokl
LFkku cnyrk gS] rks mls pquko vk;ksx dks lwfpr djuk
pkfg,A tc O;fä dh mez 18 o"kZ dh gks tkrh gS rks Hkkjr dk
lafo/kku ml ukxfjd dks ernku dk vf/kdkj nsrk gSA oksV
Mkyus ds fy, oksVj dks viuk uke oksVj fyLV esa tqM+okuk iM+rk gS
vkSj vkbZMh dkMZ cuokuk gksrk gSA

17

* Hkkjr esa lcls rsth ls jkstxkj iznku djus okyk gS i;VZu m|ksx
* dksfoM&19 ds dkj.k gq, Hkkjh uqdlku ls mHkj jgk i;ZVu m|ksx

Hkkjr esa fofHkUu ijaijkvksa] jhfr&fjoktksa vkSj c<+us okyk m|ksx gSA i;ZVu m|ksx jk"Vª dh
vFkZO;oLFkk dks cM+k ;ksxnku nsrk gSA dsanz ljdkj
R;ksgkjksa dh le`) laL—fr gSA us ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, i;ZVu ds egRo ds
ckjs esa tkx:drk c<+kus ds mÌs”; ls 25 tuojh
fojklr] laL—fr] f'k{kk] dks jk"Vªh; i;ZVu fnol ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;kA

ç—fr] [ksy] vkfn ds jk"Vªh; i;ZVu fnol dk bfrgkl

{ks= esa i;ZVu ds Hkjiwj Hkkjr dh vktknh ds ckn 1948 esa igyh ckj
Hkkjr esa i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, VwfjLV
volj gSaA ns”k esa {ks=] VªSfQd desVh dk xBu fd;k x;kA blds igys
{ks=h; dk;kZy; fnYyh vkSj eqacbZ esa LFkkfir fd,
Hkk"kk vkSj jgus dk x, FksA blds ckn 1951 esa dksydkrk vkSj psUubZ
esa nks vU; dk;kZy; LFkkfir fd, x, FksA gkykafd
MkW- fnus”k /ku[kM+ rjhdk gj dqN
vflLVsaV izksQslj] i;ZVu foHkkx] fdyksehVj ij
dq#{ks= fo”ofo|ky;] dq#{ks= cny tkrk gSA ,slh

fofo/krk Hkkjr dks

i;ZVdksa ds fy,

vkd"kZ.k dk dsanz cukrh gSA ;gka rd fd fons”kh

i;ZVdksa ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjrh; Hkh

;k=kvksa ds nkSjku dbZ Lekjdksa] LFkyksa

vkSj vU; jhfr&fjoktksa dks ns[kdj

vk”p;Zpfdr gksrs gSaA okLro esa ns”k dk

gj dksuk vyx rLohj izLrqr djrk gSA

gkykafd] vktknh ds “kq:vkrh fnuksa esa

ljdkj dh vksj ls i;ZVu dks dksbZ [kkl

egRo ugha fn;k x;k] ysfdu ckn ds

fnuksa esa dsanz vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa dh vksj

ls i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, dbZ

egRoiw.kZ dne Hkh mBk, x,A orZeku esa

Hkkjr esa i;ZVu m|ksx lcls rsth ls

18

1958 esa ljdkj ds v/khu i;ZVu ds fy, ,d vf/kdkf/kd lqfo/kk,a vkSj 'kq: dh tk,a vkSj
foHkkx igyh ckj cuk;k x;k Fkk tks ifjogu vkSj yksdfç; LFkkuksa ij lqj{kk mik; fd, tk,aA
lapkj ea=ky; ds rgr vk;k FkkA i;ZVu ea=ky; gkykafd o’kZ 2020 esa dkWfoM&19 ds dkj.k lcls
i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus vkSj fodkl ds fy, jk"Vªh; vf/kd uqdlku i;ZVu m|ksx dks gh gqvk gSA
uhfr;ka rS;kj djrk gSA ;g dsaæh;] jkT; ysfdu vc fQj ls i;ZVu ds {ks= esa jkSud ykSVus
,tsafl;ksa vkSj lkoZtfud {ks= ds lkFk Hkh leUo; yxh gSA
LFkkfir djrk gS A
i;ZVu esa ukSdfj;ka
nqfu;k Hkj esa lcls rsth ls c<+rs
i;ZVu {ks= esa ls ,d gS Hkkjr Hkkjr tSls fodkl”khy ns”k esa tgka csjkstxkjh ,d
izeq[k leL;k cudj mHkj jgh gS ogka jkstxkj
ckdh nqfu;k dh rqyuk esa Hkkjr dk i;ZVu {ks= iSnk djus okys m|ksxksa dh vf/kd vko”;drk gSA
csgn çHkko'kkyh nj ls c<+ jgk gSA Hkkjr dh ns”k esa lcls rsth ls c<+us okys i;ZVu m|ksx esa
vFkZO;oLFkk dks c<+kus esa i;ZVu cgqr cM+h Hkwfedk ukSdfj;ksa ds volj Hkh yxkrkj c<+ jgs gSaA
fuHkk jgk gSA fjiksVksaZ ds vuqlkj] ;k=k vkSj i;ZVu lkaf[;dh; :i ls Hkkjr esa i;ZVu m|ksx pkj
m|ksx us 2015 esa Hkkjr esa ldy ?kjsyw mRikn esa djksM+ jkstxkj iSnk djrk gSA ;g vkadM+k bl
dqy 124-8 vjc M‚yj dk ;ksxnku fd;kA ;kuh m|ksx dks lcls cM+s jkstxkj iznkrk ds :i esa
fd Hkkjr dh dqy thMhih dk djhc 6 Qhlnh iznf”kZr djrk gSA dsnkjukFk tSls çeq[k rhFkZ
fgLlk VªSoy vkSj VwfjTe ls FkkA ;g bl rF; dks LFky gksa ;k xksok tSls ikVhZ LFky] Hkkjr esa ;k=k
nksgjkrk gS fd i;ZVu dks xaHkhjrk ls ysus dh vkSj i;ZVu m|ksx esa jkstxkj ds i;kZIr volj
t:jr gSA ljdkj ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, gSaA jsLrjka vkSj gksVyksa ls ysdj okgu v‚ijsVjksa
cgqr ç;kl dj jgh gS fd ns'k dks LoPN cuk;k rd yksxksa dh ,d cM+h la[;k viuh jksth&jksVh
tk,] jsyos LVs'kuksa vkSj lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij ds fy, i;ZVu ij Hkjkslk djrh gSA

19

gfj;k.kk esa i;ZVu fodkl gS tks yxHkx ,d i[kokM+s ¼14 fnuksa½ rd pyrk
gSA blh rjg dq#{ks= esa xhrk t;arh lekjksg dk
gfj;k.kk ns”k ds le`n~/k jkT;ksa esa ls ,d gS tks vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gS] tks vius vki esa vuwBk
vkfFkZd :i ls l”kDr gksus ds lkFk gh lkaLd`frd gSA bl lekjksg dks izns”k ljdkj us varjjk’Vªh;
vkSj lkekftd ewY;ksa ds fy, Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA Lo:i iznku fd;k gS ftlesa izns”k ds gh ugha]
“kq:vkrh fnuksa esa izns”k esa i;ZVu m|ksx vU; cfYd ns”k vkSj vU; ns”kksa ds f”kYidkj Hkh viuh
jkT;ksa dh rjg T;knk rsth ls ugha c<+ ik;k] dyk dk izn”kZu djus ds fy, vkrs gSaA
ysfdu fiNys n”kdksa esa i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds
fy, izns”k ljdkj dh vksj ls dbZ egRoiw.kZ dne /kkfeZd vkSj xzkeh.k i;ZVu dks c<+kok
mBk, x, gSaA izns”k ljdkj dh vksj ls ,d ebZ
1974 dks gfj;k.kk i;ZVu fuxe ¼,pVhlh½ dk gfj;k.kk ,sfrgkfld gh ugha] /kkfeZd :i ls Hkh
xBu fd;k FkkA gfj;k.kk i;ZVu fuxe gfj;k.kk le`n~/k gSA dsanz ljdkj dh vksj ls Jh d`’.kk
Hkj esa QSys 44 i;ZVd ifjljksa dks pykrk gS vkSj lfdZV esa dq#{ks= vkSj egkHkkjr Hkwfe dks “kkfey
budk j[kj[kko djrk gSA ;s i;ZVd ifjlj fd;k x;k gSA dsanz ljdkj us fiNys o’kksZa esa
vkxarqdksa dks Bgjus] Hkkstu] euksjatd Jhd`’.kk lfdZV ds fodkl ds fy, djksM+ksa #i;s
xfrfof/k;ksa] jsLrjka] ckj] foØsrkvksa] i;ZVd [kpZ fd, gSaA ikuhir dh rhu egRoiw.kZ yM+kb;ka
VSfDl;ksa] isVªksy iai] fLofeax iwy] LokLF; Dyc] ,sfrgkfld gSaA fQjkst'kkg rqxyd }kjk viuh
xksYQ Dyc] >hyksa] ukSdk fogkj vkfn dh lqfo/kk çsfedk xwtjh ds fy, fglkjs&fQjkstka dk fuekZ.k
çnku djrs gSaA dj mlesa xwtjh egy cuok;k x;kA gfj;k.kk ds
d.k&d.k esa bfrgkl cksyrk gSA jkT; esa xzkeh.k
gky ds o’kksZa esa izns”k ljdkj dh vksj ls i;ZVu ij Hkh dke fd;k tk jgk gSA ,d fdonarh
i;ZVu dks fodflr djus ds fy, dbZ egRoiw.kZ ds eqrkfcd nsorkvksa us /kjrh ij [ksrh dh
dne mBk, x, gSaA blds rgr dbZ egRoiw.kZ 'kq#vkr egkjkt dq# ls djokbZ FkhA mUgksaus
,sfrgkfld vkSj /kkfeZd LFkyksa dks fodflr fd;k ljLorh unh }kjk flafpr dq#{ks= dh Hkwfe ij
x;k gSA gfj;k.kk esa gj o’kZ gksus okys vk;kstuksa lksus dk gy pyk;k FkkA izns”k ljdkj ds i;ZVu
dks izns”k ljdkj dh vksj ls HkO; #i iznku fd;k foHkkx ds vuqlkj gfj;k.kk esa gj o’kZ yk[kksa
tk jgk gSA lwjtdqaM f'kYi esyk gfj;k.kk ds i;ZVd vkrs gSaA i;ZVu foHkkx iqjkus ,sfrgkfld o
Qjhnkckn ftys esa gj lky vk;ksftr gksus okyk ikSjkf.kd xkFkkvksa dks lesVs Hkouksa ds j[k&j[kko
ns'k dk lcls yksdfç; vkSj lcls cM+k f'kYi esyk esa Hkh vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gS] ftlesa egsaæx<+

20

dk ek/kksx<+ fdyk vkSj cYyHkx<+ esa jktk ukgj dejksa esa fdjk, ij Bgjus okys yksxksa dks
flag dk fdyk Hkh 'kkfey gSA jkT; dk dksbZ Hkh gfj;k.koh [kkuk rFkk gfj;k.kk dh laL—fr ds ckjs
jk"Vªh; jktekxZ ;k jktekxZ ,slk ugha gS] tgka 40 esa tkudkjh nh tk,xhA fo'ks"k rkSj ij tks yksx
ls 50 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij i;ZVu LFky u gksA xkoksa esa vkdj Bgjsaxs] mUgsa xkoksa esa Hkze.k dk
jkT; esa ljdkj us 44 i;ZVu LFkyksa dk QSyko volj Hkh feysxkA ljdkj us ;kstuk cukbZ gS fd
fd;k gS] tks gfj;k.kk i;ZVu foHkkx }kjk xkoksa esa ftu yksxksa ds ikl viuh tehu gS vkSj
lapkfyr fd, tk jgs gSaA og mls i;ZVu foHkkx ds ekunaMksa ds vuqlkj
fodflr djuk pkgrs gSa rks mUgsa ljdkj }kjk de
gfj;k.kk ljdkj xzkeh.k i;ZVu dks C;kt njksa ij dtZ Hkh eqgS;k djok;k tk,xkA
c<+kok nsus dh vksj dne c<+k jgh gSA blds pyrs
i;ZVu foHkkx us LVs gkse ;kstuk rS;kj dh gSA izns’k ds izeq[k i;ZVu LFky
blesa dksbZ Hkh O;fä nks dejksa dk lSV cukdj
i;ZVu foHkkx ls iath—r djok ldrk gSA bUgsa izns”k esa i;ZVu LFkyksa dh deh ugha gSA izns”k esa
xzkeh.k i;ZVu ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk,xkA /kkfeZd LFkyksa ds lkFk gh dbZ ,sfrgkfld vkSj
fiNys fnuksa gfj;k.kk ljdkj us ns'k&fons'k ls iqjkrkfRod LFky gSaA buesa fo”o dh lcls iqjkuh
vkus okys i;ZVdksa dks gfj;k.koh laL—fr ls ekuh tkus okyh fla/kq ?kkVh lH;rkvksa ds vo”ks’k
:c: djokus dk QSlyk fd;k gSA blds fy, Hkh gSaA dq#{ks= ds czãljksoj] lufuâr ljksoj]
çns'k ljdkj us ^LVs gkse* uked ;kstuk 'kq: 'ks[k psgyh edcjk] dq#{ks= iSuksjek vkSj foKku
djus dk QSlyk fd;k gSA bl ;kstuk esa 'kkfey dsaæ] /kjksgj gfj;k.kk laxzgky;] Hkædkyh eafnj]
gksus okyk dksbZ Hkh O;fä viuh tehu ij de ls Jh —".k laxzgky;] Hkxon~xhrk dk tUeLFkku
de nks dejksa dk lSV cukdj i;ZVu foHkkx ds T;ksfrlj] blh rjg iapdwyk esa fiatkSj xkMZu]
ikl iath—r djok,xkA bu dejksa dks xzkeh.k dSDVl xkMZu] NrchM+ fpfM+;k?kj] xq#}kjk ukMk
i;ZVu ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk,xkA i;ZVu lkfgc] ekrk eulk nsoh eafnj vkfn gSaA blds
foHkkx vius ikl iath—r dejksa dks v‚uykbu vykok lwjtdqaM] cM+[ky >hy] jktk ukgj flag
çeksV djds xzkgdksa dks vkdf"kZr djsxkA bu iSysl] vjkoyh xksYQ dkslZ vkSj lqYrkuiqj i{kh
vHk;kj.; Hkh gSaA

21

Hkfr;Z kas d¢ fy, Ckkj&ckj vkosnu ls feyxs k NVq dkjk

* vc csjkstxkj ;qokvksa dks HkrhZ d¢ dbZ lkyksa ls bl rjg dh O;oLFkk cukus esa yxh
fy, djuk gksxk de [kpZ Fkh fd ,d mEehnokj dks fofHkUu HkfrZ;ksa d¢ fy,
u rks ckj&ckj QkeZ Hkjuk iM+s vkSj u gh Qhl
* HkfrZ;ksa dh izfØ;k esa vk,xh rsth] Hkjuh iM+sA bld¢ lkFk gh deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx
le; de yxsxk

gfj;k.kk ljdkj us ;qokvksa dks uoo’kZ esa ,d
csgrjhu rksgQk fn;k gSA vc izns”k d¢ csjkstxkj
;qokvksa dks ukSdfj;ksa d¢ fy, ckj&ckj vkosnu
djus dh vko”;drk ugha gksxhA çns'k esa vc lHkh
ljdkjh ukSdfj;ksa esa HkrhZ ds fy, dkeu ,aVªsal
VsLV gksxkA gfj;k.kk deZpkjh vk;ksx xzqi lh vkSj
xzqi Mh dh ukSdfj;ksa ds fy, dkeu ,aVªsal VsLV
vk;ksftr djsxkA gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx
dh vksj ls rS;kj fd, x, ou Vkbe jftLVªs”ku
iksVZy dks eq[;ea=h euksgj yky us 12 tuojh dks
ykWaUp fd;kA vc fofHkUu ukSdfj;ksa d¢ fy,
vkosnu djus okys ;qokvksa dks Qhl Hkh ,d
gh ckj nsuh gksxhA lkFk gh] jftLVªs”ku
djkus d¢ fy, Hkh cl ,d ckj Qhl Hkjuh
gksxhA bld¢ ckn d‚eu ,aVªsl VsLV gksxkA
bl MkVk dks gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u
vk;ksx iz;ksx dj ldrk gSA tks ijh{kk
nsuk pkgrs gSa os iksVZy ij lgefr ns
ldsaxsA

eq[;ea=h euksgjyky us
dgk fd gfj;k.kk ljdkj fiNys

22

paMhx<+ % gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx dh vksj ls ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku iksVZy dk 'kqHkkjaHk djrs eq[;ea=h
euksgj yky] ,p,l,llh ds ps;jeSu Hkkjr Hkw"k.k Hkkjrh] eq[; lfpo fot; o/kZu o vU; vf/kdkjhx.kA

dks Hkh ckj&ckj okafNr nLrkostksa dh tkap vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls detksj Js.kh ds çkfFkZ;ksa ls
iM+rky u djuh iM+sA vc rd dh HkrhZ çfØ;k esa 250 #i, Qhl yh tk,xhA ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku
cgqr le; yxrk FkkA HkfrZ;ksa dh p;u çfØ;k djkus ds ckn dSaMhMsV dks ;wfud vkbMh uacj
dks ljy djus o mls xfr çnku djus ds fy, çkIr gksxk] tks ges'kk pysxkA bld¢ ckn lhbZVh
ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku çfØ;k 'kq: dh xbZ gSA ;kuh dkeu ,aVªsl VsLV gksxkA
blls ikjf'kZrk o ;ksX;rk dks vf/kd etcwrh
feysxhA eq[;ea=h euksgjyky us vkxs dgk fd rhu lky gksxh
blls igys ls py jgh HkfrZ;ksa ij dksbZ vlj ugha dkWeu ,aVªsl VsLV dh oS/krk
iM+sxk] og ugha #dsaxhA twu esa dkeu ,aVªsl VsLV
djk;k tk,xkA vHkh rd gfj;k.kk ljdkj us Ng xzqi lh o Mh d¢ fy, lky esa de ls de ,d
lky esa 80 gtkj ukSdfj;ka nh gSaA t:jr iM+h rks ckj dkWeu ,aVªsl VsLV gksxkA xzqi lh d¢
lky esa nks ckj Hkh dkeu ,aVªsl VsLV djk;k tk ,aVªsl VsLV dh oS/krk rhu lky rd jgsxhA
ldrk gSA jftLVªs'ku ds fy, ifjokj igpku i= tSls lh xzqi dh fdlh ukSdjh ds fy, HkrhZ
cuokuk t:jh gSA ;fn ikap lky ls dksbZ fudkyh tkrh gS rks tks mEehnokj ;ksX;rk
gfj;k.kk esa jg jgk gS rks mls Mksfelkby nsus dh iwjh djrk gS iksVZy ij tkdj gka dj ldrk
lqfo/kk gksxhA igys ;g vof/k 15 lky FkhA gSA dkWeu VsLV d¢ vk/kkj ij bPNqd
mEehnokjksa esa ls rhu xq.kk dks cqyk;k
ckj&ckj nh tkus okyh Qhl ls NqVdkjk tk,xkA LØhfuax VsLV vk;ksx ysxkA
vkfFkZd :i ls detksj oxZ d¢ fy, 10 vad
bl osc iksVZy ij ,d ckj jftLVªs”ku djkus d¢ igys gh nLrkostksa esa tksM+ fn, tk,axsA blh
ckn ;qokvksa dks ckj&ckj ukSdfj;ksa d¢ fy, nh çdkj xzqi Mh dh HkrhZ çfØ;k Hkh jgsxhA ,d
tkus okyh Qhl ls NqVdkjk fey tk,xkA ;gh p;u çfØ;k esa vHkh Ng ekg ls ,d lky
ugha] vc gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx d¢ dk le; yxrk gSA vc ;g p;u çfØ;k
dk;kZy; esa M‚D;qesaV~l ysdj vkus dh t:jr rhu ekg esa iwjh dh tk ld¢xhA
ugha gksxh] v‚uykbu osfjfQds'ku fd;k tk,xkA
lkekU; tkfr d¢ çkFkhZ ls ,d gh ckj esa 500 #i,
Qhl ys yh tk,xhA vuqlwfpr tkfr] fiNM+s oxZ

23

gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx tc fdlh HkrhZ xzqi lh o Mh dfeZ;ksa dk p;u djsxkA 31 ekpZ
dk foKkiu fudkysxk] rks lHkh dSafMMsV~l dks rd ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku djk;k tk ld¢xkA de
iksVZy ls lans'k tk,xkA tks Hkh vkosnu djuk DokyhfQd¢'ku okys Mh Js.kh esa gh ijh{kk nsaxs
pkgrk gS] og viuh lgefr nsxkA tks iksVZy ij tcfd 10 tek nks okys lh o Mh nksuksa esa gh ijh{kk
QkeZ Hkjk gS] ;wfud vkbZMh ls gka djsxkA ;fn og ns ldrs gSaA nksuksa lewgksa dh ijh{kk vyx&vyx
ijh{kk esa cSBuk pkgsxk rks ,MfeV dkMZ tkjh gks gksxhA xzqi lh esa fMikVZesaV esa tks Hkh iksLV gksaxh]
tk,xkA QkeZ Hkjrs le; ifjokj igpku i= dk ml iksLV ds fglkc ls mudk nksckjk ,d VsLV
uacj Hkh Hkjuk gksxkA ykHk ;g gS fd ckj&ckj gksxkA HkrhZ çfØ;k d¢ rhu LySc cuk, x, gSaA
QkeZ ugha Hkjuk iM+sxk] ckj&ckj Qhl ugha nsuh baçwo djus d¢ fy, mEehnokj dks fQj VsLV nsuk gS
gksxhA çkslsl rsth ls pysxkA de le; esa T;knk rks nksckjk Qhl nsuh gksxhA rhu lky rd bça ow
HkfrZ;ka dh tk ldsaxhA vc jktdh; [kpZ o ugha fd;k vkjS ukdS jh ugha feyh rks vxys rhu lkykas
vkosnd dk [kpZ de gksxkA rd nkcs kjk VLs V nus k gkxs kA mUgkuas s crk;k fd ikpa
gtkj inkas ds fy, 10 yk[k ykxs vkrs gAaS 500 inkas
31 ekpZ rd gksxk jftLVªs’ku ds fy, Hkh 10 yk[k ;oq k QkeZ Hkjrs gAaS ckj&ckj vkus
dk Øe [kRe gkxs kA flQZ ;kXs ; vkjS ik= ykxs gh
eq[;ea=h euksgj yky us dgk] geus ?kks"k.kk dh ijh{kk ns ldxas As tks efS jV eas ugha vk ldxas ]s og
Fkh fd ;qokvksa dh i<+kbZ] {kerk vkSj fLdy dks viuk [knq dk dke djus ds fy, çfs jr gkxas s ;k fQj
c<+k,axs rFkk ;qokvksa dks ukSdjh d¢ fy, ckj&ckj viuh efS jV l/q kkjus ds fy, ckj&ckj ç;kl djxas As
vkosnu ugha djuk iM+sxkA blh ds rgr dk;ZØe bl ckj nloha vkjS ckjgoha dh ijh{kk eas cBS us okys Hkh
dks vkxs c<+krs gq, geus ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku çkfs otuy Hkj ldrs gAaS
iksVZy cuk;k gSA vkxs ls deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx

vfrfjä [kpZ ls feysxh futkr

gfj;k.kk deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx ds ps;jeSu Hkkjr Hkw’k.k Hkkjrh us crk;k fd nks lky ls dkeu ,aVªsal VsLV
vkSj ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku dh ;kstuk ij dke fd;k tk jgk FkkA vc ou Vkbe jftLVªs'ku iksVZy ykap dj
fn;k x;k gSA lHkh ukSdfj;ksa ds fy, lky esa flQZ ,d ckj vkosnu dh lqfo/kk ls ;qokvksa dks u flQZ vfrfjä
[kpZ ls futkr feysxh] cfYd dbZ nwljh ijs'kkfu;ka Hkh [kRe gks tk,axhA

24

* xhrk t;arh lekjksg ds volj ij dq#{ks= fo’ofo|ky; esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ
varjjk”Vªh; laxks”Bh

* eq[;ea=h euksgj yky us dh f’kjdr] lekjksg esa lok nks yk[k nhi izTTofyr

dksfoM&19 dh pqukSfr;ksa d¢ ckotwn varjjk"Vªh; ckx esa lka/;dkyhu egkvkjrh esa eq[;kfrfFk
xhrk t;arh egksRlo dq#{ks= esa euk;k x;kA eq[;ea=h euksgj yky o fo'ks"k vkeaf=r vfrfFk
egksRlo d¢ lkFk xhrk ds mins”kksa dh xwat E;kaekj d¢ ,acslMj ds vykok fo'ks"k vfrfFk [ksy
/keZuxjh ls mBdj vesfjdk o dukMk lfgr 25 ea=h lanhi flag mifLFkr jgsA dk;ZØe dh
ns'kksa rd igqaphA blls djhc 19 yk[k yksx v/;{krk xhrk euh"kh Kkukuan egkjkt us dhA
v‚uykbu tqM+sA igyh ckj nhiksRlo esa djhc lh,e euksgj yky us vkjrh LFky ij lqanj 'kSM
lok nks yk[k nhi tykdj u;k fjd‚MZ cuk;k cuokus dh ?kks"k.kk dh vkjS dkfs oM dh puq kfS r;kasds chp
x;kA ç'kklu us bls lkekftd laLFkkvksa d¢ lQy vk;kts u ij d#q {k=s fodkl ckMs Z d¢ vf/kdkfj;kas dh
lg;ksx ls iwjk fd;kA ljkguk dhA mUgkuas s dgk fd Hkxoku Jh—".k us d#q {k=s
dh /kjrh ij 18 fnu vtuZq dks fufer dj xhrk dk
egksRlo&2020 dh iw.kkZgqfr “kqØokj 25 lna 's k fn;k FkkA xhrk esa lans'k fdlh ,d O;fä
fnlacj dks nh xbZA czãljksoj d¢ iq#"kksÙkeiqjk

25

;k oxZ d¢ fy, ugha] cfYd iwjh /kjk d¢ fy, fn, mn~?kkVu volj ij crkSj eq[;frfFk lacksf/kr dk
x, gSaA vkt ns'k o fons'k esa xhrk dks viuk;k tk jgs FksA blls igys mUgksaus nhi çTTofyr dj
jgk gSA dk;ZØe dk fof/kor :i 'kqHkkajHk fd;kA eq[;ea=h
us dksfoM&19 ds ckjs esa dgk fd bl chekjh us
xhrk Kku vkSj thou dY;k.k tgka thus dh ifjfLFkfr;ka iwjh rjg cny nh gSa]
ogha ok;jl us ;g lans'k Hkh fn;k gS fd d¢oy
dk xzaFk& t;jke Bkdqj euq"; gh 'kfä'kkyh ugha gSA ok;jl us ftUnxh
dh ckjhfd;ka crkbZ Hkh gSa vkSj fl[kkbZ Hkh gSaA
laxks’Bh esa mifLFkr fgekpy çns'k ds eq[;ea=h dksfoM&19 us yksxksa dks viuh ekVh ds lkFk
t;jke Bkdqj us dgk fd Jhen~Hkkxor xhrk etcwrh ls tksM+us dk dke Hkh fd;kA ifjokj
laL—fr dh tM+ksa dks etcwr djus dk lcls dkxtksa rd gh lhfer jg x;k Fkk] ysfdu
l'kä ek/;e gSA xhrk Kku vkSj thou dY;k.k dksfoM&19 us lcdks ,d lkFk ?kj ij ,df=r
dk xzaFk gS] ftlds tfj;s thou dks O;kogkfjd jgus dh vgfe;r Hkh crkbZA
cuk;k tk ldrk gSA xhrk esa thou thus dh 'kSyh
ls ysdj deZ djus vkSj /keZ ij pyus ds reke eq[;ea=h t;jke Bkdqj us gfj;k.kk ds
jkLrs gSa] ftuds tfj;s ekuo vius thou dks eq[;ea=h euksgj yky vkSj vk;kstdksa dks xhrk
v/;kRe o fparu ds lkFk tksM+ ldrk gS vkSj egksRlo ds lQy vk;kstu dh c/kkbZ nh vkSj
xhrk dk vk/;kfRed v/;;u fd;k tk ldrk gSA dgk fd dksfoM&19 dk le; py jgk gSA blds
fgekpy ds eq[;ea=h] dq#{ks= fo'ofo|ky; ckotwn cgqr vPNs rjhds ls dksfoM&19 dh
dq#{ks= ,oa dq#{ks= fodkl cksMZ ds la;qä xkbZMykbZal dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, varjjk’Vªh;
rRoko/kku esa vk;ksftr varjjk’Vªh; xhrk egksRlo xhrk egksRlo dk lQy vk;kstu fd;k x;k gSA
2020 ds varxZr dq#{ks= fo'ofo|ky; ds mUgksaus dgk fd xhrk esa 720 “yksd vkSj 18
Jhen~Hkkxor xhrk lnu esa vk;ksftr rhu v/;k; gSaA bu v/;k;ksa vkSj “yksdksa esa crk;k x;k
fnolh; 5oha varjjk’Vªh; fopkj xks"Bh ^lrr gS fd euq"; dks thou esa dSls O;kogkfjd gksuk
vfLrRo ,oa Jhen~Hkkxor xhrk n'kZu^ ds

26

pkfg,A xhrk esa dgk x;k gS fd deZ djks vkSj lR;nso ukjk;.k vk;Z us varjjk’Vªh; xhrk
Qy dh fpark er djks D;ksafd vkt ds le; esa egksRlo dh c/kkbZ nhA mUgksaus fgekpy ds
euq"; deZ djus ls T;knk ifj.kke ij T;knk eq[;ea=h t;jke Bkdqj vkSj vk, gq,
lksprk gS tcfd mls vius deZ ij T;knk vfrfFk;ksa dk Lokxr djrs gq, dgk
fo'okl gksuk pkfg,A mUgksaus bl ckr ij [kq'kh fd nso Hkwfe fgekpy dk egkHkkjr
tkfgj dh fd xhrk egksRlo dks xkao&xkao rd dky ls xgjk laca/k gSA ;gka ij
v‚uykbu fn[kk;k tk jgk gSA vtqZu us dBksj riL;k dh FkhA lkFk
gh] mUgksaus fgfMEck eafnj dk Hkh
5oha varjjk’Vªh; fopkj xks"Bh esa paMhx<+ ftØ fd;kA mUgksaus dgk fd dq#{ks=
ls v‚uykbu gksdj gfj;k.kk ds jkT;iky dh /kjrh dks lokZf/kd ikou Hkwfe
ekuk tkrk gSA ;g Hkwfe ty] Fky] ok;q
eqfä çnku djrs gSaA jkT;iky us vihy

djrs gq, dgk fd vkxkeh 25 fnlEcj rd
varjjk’Vªh; xhrk egksRlo dk vk;kstu fd;k
x;kA bl egksRlo dk ?kj cSBs v‚uykbu ç.kkyh
ds ek/;e ls vkaun ysaA mUgksaus xhrk egksRlo dks

varjjk’Vªh; Lrj rd igqapkus dk Js;
gfj;k.kk ds eq[;ea=h euksgj yky
dks fn;kA mUgksaus dgk fd
vkxkeh 25 fnlEcj dks çns'k
esa lq'kklu fnol euk;k
tk,xkA dq#{ks= fodkl
cksMZ 50 o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/kd
le; ls xhrk ij dke dj
jgk gS rFkk 48 dksl ds lHkh
rhFkksaZ ij fodkl dk;Z fd, tk
jgs gSaA jkT;iky us bl ekSds ij
uo o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeuk,a Hkh nhaA

çns'k ds f'k{kk ,oa i;ZVu ea=h daoj
iky xqtZj us dgk fd v/;kRe gekjs ns'k dh
igpku gSA mUgksaus dgk fd tc Hkh dksbZ vfrfFk
ns'k fons'k ls Hkkjr vkrk gS rks mls ç/kkuea=h
ujsUæ eksnh vkSj çns'k esa eq[;ea=h euksgj yky
xhrk HksaV djrs gSaA mUgksaus dgk fd fiNys 6 o"kksZ
esa xhrk egksRlo dks varjjk’Vªh; Lrj ij igpku
feyh gS vc ;g egksRlo varjjk’Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh
vk;ksftr gksus yxk gSA mUgksaus dgk fd çns'k
ljdkj dk ç;kl gS fd gj O;fä dks xhrk dk
Kku feys blds en~nsutj bl ckj varjjk’Vªh;

27

xhrk egksRlo dk lh/kk çlkj.k v‚uykbu ek/;e tkxrk n'kZu gSA xhrk LoLFk thou dk ewyea=
ls xkao&xkao rd yksxksa dks fd;k tk jgk gSA 21oha nsrh gS rFkk xhrk thou thus dh dyk gSA bl
lnh esa xhrk vkS"kf/k ds leku gSA xhrk dk Kku volj ij xks"Bh esa Hkkuwiqj ihBk/kh'oj txrxq:
lcdks gksuk pkfg,A 'kadjkpk;Z us dgk fd fo'o esa xhrk dh iwtk gks
jgh gSA Hkxoku Jh—".k us xhrk dk lans'k fn;k
varjjk’Vªh; fopkj xks"Bh esa ftvks xhrk ds Fkk] xhrk ds lkj dks thou esa gj fdlh dks
laLFkkid xhrk euh"kh Lokeh Kkukuan egkjkt us viukuk pkfg,A bl xks"Bh esa fiNys o"kZ vk, gq,
dgk fd fiNys 6 o"kksZa ds nkSjku dq#{ks= esa 'kks/ki=ksa ij cuh iqLrd ;wfuolZy oSyQs;j ,aM n
ifjorZu vk;k gS igys dq#{ks= dks egkHkkjr dh bUVjuy fQyksLkkWQh vkQ Hkxonxhrk vkSj
Hkwfe dgk tkrk Fkk ysfdu vc bls Hkxonxhrk dh varjjk’Vªh; laxks"Bh ij cuh lksfofu;j iqLrd dk
Hkwfe Hkh dgk tkrk gSA çfro"kZ xhrk egksRlo dk eq[;kfrfFk }kjk foekspu fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dh
'kqHkkjaHk xhrk ;K ds lkFk gksrk gS vkSj gj o"kZ 'kq#vkr esa jkT;iky dh lfpo o dsMhch dh
varjjk’Vªh; xhrk egksRlo dk fo"k; vyx gksrk lnL; lfpo th- vuqiek us rhu fnolh;
gSA mUgksaus dgk fd Lora=rk laxzke esa Hkh eukscy varjjk’Vªh; fopkj xks"Bh dk ifjp; fn;k vkSj
o`f) dk vk/kkj xhrk Fkh] tc rd ekuoh; ewY;ksa dgk fd dq#{ks= dh Hkwfe Hkkjrh; laL—fr dks
dk fodkl ugha gksrk rc rd lkjs fodkl n'kkZrh gSA ;gka ls ljLorh unh fudyrh gSA
v/kwjs gSaA varjjk’Vªh; xhrk egksRlo 25 fnlacj rd pykA
dq#{ks= fofo ds dqyifr çksQslj lkseukFk
laxks"Bh esa tkfe;k vkfy;k tkQfj;k lpnsok us vk, gq, vfrfFk;ksa dk Lokxr fd;k
fo'ofo|ky; ds iwoZ dqyifr ekSykuk dkSdc rFkk lsfeukj dh funs”kd çksQslj eatqyk pkS/kjh
eqtrck us xhrk ds 18 v/;k;ksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj us vk, gq, vfrfFk;ksa dk /kU;okn fd;kA dk;ZØe
ls tkudkjh nhA mUgksaus dgk fd Jhen~Hkkxor esa lkaln uk;c flag lSuh] Fkkuslj ds fo/kk;d
xhrk Hkxoku dk Hkstk gqvk lans'k gSA mUgksaus xhrk lqHkk"k lq/kk] eq[;ea=h ds jktuhfrd lykgdkj
ds 66osa 'yksd ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk;kA fopkj —".k dqekj csnh us Hkh fo”ks’k :i ls f”kjdr dhA
xks"Bh esa lekt lsod vkpk;Z yksds'k eqfu th us
dgk fd xhrk xazFk ugha cfYd thou dk thrk

28

* fo’ofo|ky; ls fudys lSdMk+ sa fo|kFkhZ ckWyhoqM esa dj jgs dke
* ,fDVax] ,fMfVax] jkbfVax vkSj Mk;jsDVj dh fuHkk jgs Hkwfedk

fdlh Hkh laL—fr dks lgstus esa]dyk dk vge laLFkkuksa esa ls ,d ekuh tkrh gSA bl ;wfuoflZVh
esa fQYe ,oa Vhoh] Qkbu vkV~lZ] QS'ku
;ksxnku gSA blesa ogka dh fMtkbfuax vkSj vkfdZVsDpj laLFkku gSa tks dyk
ds laxe dks iwjk djrs gSaA
laLd`fr dh >yd utj
bl laLFkku dks bl o"kZ nl lky gks
vkrh gh vkrh gSA izns”k tk,axsA bl laLFkku us cgqr ls ,sls xkSjoe; iy
gfj;k.kk ds fy, fn, gSa tgka ge xoZ ls viuk
ds jksgrd ftys eas fLFkr lhuk pkSM+k eglwl djrs gSaA o"kZ 2015 es
fo'ofo[;kr cwlku fQYe QsfLVoy ls ysdj
iafMr y[keh pan LVsV Hkkjr ds baVjus'kuy fQYe QsfLVoy xksok rd esa
gfj;k.koh fQYeksa dh Nki NksM+us okyk ;g
;wfuoflZVh v‚Q laLFkku ] fiNys gh o"kZ jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj dks Hkh
viuh >ksyh es Mky pqdk gSA laLFkku d¢ çFke cSp
vk”kh’k usgjk ijQkWjfeax ,.M 2011 ls gh ;gk¡ ds Nk=ksa us viuh 'kq#vkr dj
vflLVsaV izksQslj] fQYe folqvy vkV~lZ nh Fkh] lksfu;k lkgj.k ¼jksgrd½ dh gfj;k.koh
Mk;jsD”ku] ih-,y-lh- lqiok }kjk o"kZ 2011 es

gfj;k.kk ljdkj

}kjk mBk;k x;k

,d egRoiw.kZ dne gSA bles dyk dks ltho

cuk, j[kus dh 'kq#vkr ds lkFk 'kq: gqbZ

;wfuoflZVh vkt fo'o ds [;kfr çkIr v/;;u

29

'k‚VZ fQYe Þnk;jkß 2015 ds cwlku varjk"Vªh; jkt pkSgku }kjk funsZf'kr Þeykyß Hkh blh o"kZ
fQYe lekjksg esa fn[kkbZ xbZA fcYyw i‚y n'kZdksa ds lkeus vk,xhA vkSj rks vkSj vkt tgka
¼djuky½ }kjk funsZf'kr gfj;k.koh 'k‚VZ fQYe baVjusV IysVQ‚eZ ij osc lhjht vkSj fQYesa vkuk
Þlke.kß] xksok varjk"Vªh; fQYe lekjksg esa 'kq: gqbZ gSa] mlh dM+h esa blh laLFkku ds vk'kh"k
'kkfey dh xbZA vfer dqekj ¼lksuhir½ dh usgjk }kjk fyf[kr fo'kq) gfj;k.koh euksjatd
gfj;k.koh 'k‚VZ fQYe Þ,d vkneh dk U;ksrkß] eas vkSj ekfeZd osc lhjht Þesjs ;kj dh 'kknhÞ
gfj;k.kk dh 'kknh vkSj jhfr fjokt dks nqfu;k ds lqf[kZ;ka cVksj pqdh gSaA tYn gh muds }kjk
lkeus yk;k x;kA bls nqcbZ varjk"Vªh; fQYe funsZf'kr vkSj fyf[kr fQYe Þfiatjs dh frrfy;kaß
lekjksg es 'kkfey fd;k x;kA fot; dqekj }kjk Hkh fQYe lekjksg ds tfj, vkus okyh gSA
funsZf'kr gfj;k.koh 'k‚VZ fQYe Þikjksß dks eqacbZ
2018 ds fQYe lekjksg eas 'kkfey fd;k x;kA flQZ funsZ'ku gh ugha] vfHku; esa Hkh ;gk¡
ds Nk=ksa us [;kfr vftZr dh gSA usVf¶yDl tSls
osfndk 'kqDyk }kjk funsZf'kr M‚D;wesaVªh cM+s IysVQ‚eZ ij ;gha ds Nk= Þlnkuanß] Þyo
fQYe ^^MªhEl v‚u OghYl**] ,d jksgrd dh ,.M 'kqDykß fQYe esa vfHku; djrs utj vk,A
efgyk v‚Vks pkyd ds thou ij vk/kkfjr gS ogha gfjvkse dkSf”kd uoktqíhu flíhdh ds lkFk
ftls efgyk varjk"Vªh; fQYe lekjksg eas 'kkfey fQYe ^lhfj;l eSu* esa ,d esgeku Hkwfedk esa
fd;k x;kA lfpu vxzoky ¼jksgrd½ }kjk utj vk,A fiNys lky vkbZ jktdqekj jko
funsZf'kr 'k‚VZ fQYe Þlgjß dks] ckaXykns'k fQYe vfHkuhr Nykax esa blh fQYe laLFkku ds jkt
lekjksg esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA pkSgku] vkdk'k pkofj;k vkSj vk'kh"k usgjk dh Hkh
>yd ns[kus dks feyhA jktdqekj jko vfHkuhr
;s rks dqN gh uke ge gSa ftUgsa ;gka lk>k ,d vU; fQYe Þ,d yM+dh dks ns[kk rks ,slk
dj jgs gSaA bUgksaus flQZ 'k‚VZ fQYe gh ugha] Qhpj yxk esß vfHku; ds Nk= ;ksxs'k Hkkj}kt Hkh utj
fQYeksa esa Hkh viuh /kkd tekuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA vk,A fnokyh ij vkbZ v{k; dqekj vfHkuhr
tYn gh cM+s inZs ij ;ksxs'k oRl }kjk funsZf'kr fQYe Þy{eh c‚Ecß es blh laLFkku ds eqds'k
Qhpj fQYe ^^gok,a** utj vk,xhA nwljh fQYe

30

eqlkfQj Hkh 'kkfey FksA bl laLFkku us u flQZ vkfdZVsDpj ds Lukrd Nk= bl le; Vkmu
vfHku; vkSj funsZ'ku esa Nki NksM+h gS] vfirq vU; Iykfuax esa viuh lsok,a ns jgs gSa vkSj Qkbu vkV~lZ
rduhdh ek/;eksa esa Hkh vius Nk=ksa dks ,d ubZ foHkkx ls fudys Nk=ksa us ns'k&fons'k esa çn'kZuh esa
fn'kk nh gSA ,fMfVax foHkkx ds Nk= lquhy viuk ijpe ygjk;k gSA ;gka i<+us okys
fot Hkkjrh; Vhoh txr d¢ ,d cgqr Nk=&Nk=k,a ns'k d¢ dksus&dksus ls tgka viuh
yksdfiz; 'kks fcx c‚l dh ,fMfVax i<+kbZ iwjh dj jgs gSaA ogha gfj;k.kk ljdkj ds
Vhe esa 'kkfey gSaA ogha vk;q"eku funsZ”kksa ds ckn okbl&pkalyj çksQslj jktchj
[kqjkuk vfHkuhr fQYe Þckykß dh yksgku vkSj jftLVªkj fdj.k dackst ds usr`Ro esa
,fMfVax Vhe esa ;gha dk Nk= lqfer bl o"kZ fMIyksek vkSj lfVZfQdsV d‚lZ dks Hkh 'kq:
'kkfey FkkA dj fn;k x;k gSA rkfd T;knk ls T;knk yksxksa dks
bl dyk ds {ks= ls tqM+us dk Qk;nk fey ld¢A
lkmUM fMtkbu ls ikl vkmV
Nk= xkSjo fxy us eukst oktibZ tSls
fnXxt dykdkj }kjk vfHkuhr fQYe
xyhxqfy;ka esa lkmUM esa viuh dykdkjh
fn[kkbZA E;wftd d‚Eikstj fnisu nkl ftUgksaus
viuh Nki egkuxj eqacbZ rd eas NksM+h gSA blh
laLFkku ls gSaA vkSj rks vkSj gfj;k.koh esa jSi xhr
laxhr dks fn'kk nsus okys n;ky uke ls e'kgwj
dykdkj Hkh blh laLFkku dh nsu gS ] vkidks
;g tkudj [kq'kh gksxh fd gfj;k.koh
yksdxhr dykdkj eklwe 'kekZ blh laLFkku
d¢ ,sfDVax foHkkx ds çFke cSp ls gh fudys
gSaA vkt ns'k fons'k esa tkuk ekuk uke gSA

ogha dSejk foHkkx ls fudys Nk=
'k'kkad fojkx bl o"kZ usVf¶yDl ij vkbZ
lat; nÙk vfHkuhr fQYe Vksjckt esa dSejk
lgk;d ds :i esa dke djrs utj vk,A ogha
dSejk ds gh Nk= fouksn çk'kj ejkBh fQYeksa esa
dSejk lgk;d ds :i esa dk;Zjr gSaA

QS'ku foHkkx ds Nk= Hkh bl le; vius
LVkVZ&vi ds tfj, gfj;k.kk dks ,d czkaM ds :i
esa nqfu;k ds lkeus yk pqds gSaA çFke cSp ds gh
iadt i¡okj dh Dy‚Fk czkaM ÞHARYANVEß] ns'k
gh ugha fons'k esa Hkh ,d tkuk ekuk uke gSA
QS'ku foHkkx ls gh jksgrd dh jgus okyh
js.kqdk dkfn;ku vkt fQYeksa esa QS'ku
fMtkbuj ds :i eas ,d mHkjrk gqvk uke gS]
muds }kjk dh xbZ fQYe ^yo ,aM 'kqDyk*
ns'k&fons'k esa ljkgh xbZ vkSj blh o"kZ mudh
nwljh fQYe 16 nwuh 8 Hkh vkus okyh gSA

31

djaV vQ¢;lZ

fnlacj ekg dh izeq[k ?kVuk,a

fMftVy vkfs l;u ,Iyhd's ku dks fd;k ykpa M‚- g"kZo/kZu cus GAVI cksMZ ds lnL;

leæq h foKku vkjS iow kuZ eq ku los kvkas ds ckjs eas tkudkjh dsaæh; LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=h M‚- g"kZo/kZu
lk>k djus ds fy, iF` oh foKku e=a ky; us fMftVy dks 30 fnlacj dks Global Alliance for Vaccines
vkfs l;u ,Iyhd's ku ¼Digital Ocean Application½ dks and Immunisation ¼GAVI½ ds lnL; ds :i esa
30 fnlca j dks ykpa fd;kA bl ,Iyhd's ku dks INCOIS ukfer fd;k x;kA GAVI cksMZ esa lnL; ds :i esa M‚-
}kjk fodflr fMftVy egklkxj IyVs Q‚eZ ds rgr g"kZo/kZu dk dk;Zdky 2021 vkSj 2023 ds chp gksxkA
y‚Up fd;k x;k gAS bfa M;u u's kuy lVas j Q‚j vkfs l;u os GAVI cksMZ esa nf{k.k iwoZ {ks=h; dk;kZy;@ if'peh
bQa ‚e'Zs ku ¼INCOIS½ fofHkUu fgr/kkjdkas dks ijke”kZ los k,a vkjS ç'kkar {ks=h; dk;kZy; dk çfrfuf/kRo djsaxsA orZeku
tkudkjh çnku djrk gAS bleas egklkxjh; vulq /a kku] esa] ;g lhV E;kaekj ds fe,aV ºosrs ds ikl gSA GAVI
egklkxj dh fLFkfr dk iow kuZ eq ku] lykgdkj los k,]a mPp cksMZ GAVI xBca/ku ds lapkyu vkSj dk;ZØe ds
ygj vyV]Z rQw ku] luq keh dh çkjfa Hkd prs kouh vkjS rys dk;kZUo;u dh fuxjkuh djus ds fy, fn'kk&funsZ'k
fjlko ij vk/kkfjr MVs k bR;kfn 'kkfey gAaS çnku djus dk dk;Z djrk gSA

27 fnlca j dks euk ^egkekjh r;S kjh fnol* Hkkjr dk igyk Lons'kh Vhdk ykap

27 fnlEcj 2020 dks gky gh esa la;qä jk"Vª us gky gh esa dsUæh; LokLF; ea=h M‚- g"kZo/kZu us
igyk varjkZ"Vªh; egkekjh rS;kjh fnol fueksfu;k ds f[kykQ Hkkjr dk igyk Lons'kh Vhdk
29 fnlacj dks ykap fd;kA bl Vhds dk fuekZ.k
¼International Day of Epidemic Preparedness½ lhje baLVhVîwV v‚Q bafM;k us fcy ,aM esfyaMk
xsV~l QkmaMs'ku ds lkFk feydj fd;k gSA bl Vhds
euk;kA bl fnol dks eukus ds fy, gky gh eas l;a äq dk uke U;weksfly gSA Hkkjr ds ikl fueksfu;k ds
jk"Vª egklHkk us çLrko dks eta jw h nh FkhA bl fnol Vhdksa dh igqap gSA ysfdu LFkkuh; :i ls fodflr
dk mí's ; lpw ukvkas ds vknku&çnku dks lfq o/kktud u;k oSDlhu vU; fueksfu;k Vhdksa tSls Pfizer ds
cukuk] oKS kfud Kku dk çlkj vkjS vra jjk"Vhª ; Lrj NYSE: PFE] GlaxoSmithKline ds LSE: GSK
ij lokÙZs ke çFkkvkas dk vknku&çnku lfq uf'pr djuk Vhdksa ls dkQh lLrk gSA
gAS blls Hkfo"; eas dkfs oM&19 tlS h ifjfLFkfr;kas dks
jkds us eas enn feyxs hA

jktsaæu cuha Hkkjr dh lcls ;qok es;j ^lu jkst* dh ubZ çtkfr dh gqbZ [kkst

28 fnlca j dks djs y dh vk;kZ jktæas u Hkkjr dh lcls 28 fnlca j dks oKS kfudkas us ^lu jkts * dh ,d ubZ
;oq k e;s j cuh]a os 21 o"kZ dh gAaS vk;kZ jktæas u us gky gh çtkfr dh [kkts dh g]S bldk uke ikrs yZq kdk ykyth
eas fr#oura ijq e 'kgj dh e;s j ds :i eas 'kiFk yhA vk;kZ gAS ;g iow hZ ?kkV eas ik;k tkus okyk ,d txa yh ^lu
jktæas u lhih,e ds urs R` o okys y¶s V Mes kØs fs Vd ÝVa ls jkts * gAS ikrs yZq kdk ykyth dh [kkts vk/a kz çn's k ds
lEcfa /kr gAaS mUgkuas s fr#oura ijq e 'kgj dk e;s j cuus ds çdk'ke ftys eas dh xbZ FkhA bldk uke yky th flga
fy, 100 lnL;h; ifj"kn eas dyq 98 erkas eas ls 54 okVs ds uke ij j[kk x;k gAS og ckVs fS udy loZs v‚Q bfa M;k
gkfly fd;As vk;kZ jktæas u us eMq okuexq y okMZ ls ds ,d ç[;kr ouLifr'kkL=h FkAs
LFkkuh; fudk; puq ko uxj fuxe ls thrk gAS

32

fojkV us thrk lj xkjQhYM lksclZ vokMZ Hkkjr us 3 Lo.kZ lers 9 ind thrs

Hkkjrh; fØdVs Vhe ds dIrku fojkV dkgs yh dks Hkkjr us 20 fnlacj dks lia Uu g,q eDq dcs kth fo'o di
vkblZ hlh us ^n'kd dk lcls cgs rjhu i#q "k* f[kykMh+ eas 'kkunkj çn'kuZ fd;kA bl dk;ØZ e dk vk;kts u
puq k gAS blds fy, fojkV dkgs yh dks lj xkjQhYM teuZ h ds dkys kus eas fd;k x;kA bl çfr;kfs xrk eas Hkkjr
lkcs lZ vokMZ ls lEekfur fd;k tk;xs kA xkjS ryc gS us 'kkunkj çn'kuZ djrs g,q dyq 9 ind thrAs bleas 3
fd bl vof/k ds nkjS ku fojkV dkgs yh us vra jk"Z Vhª ; Lo.kZ ind] 2 jtr ind vkjS 4 dkLa ; ind 'kkfey gAaS
fØdVs eas 20]396 ju cuk;As bl nkjS ku mUgkuas s dyq bleas ls nks Lo.kZ ind gfj;k.kk d¢ f[kykfM;+ kas us thrAs
feykdj lcls T;knk 66 'krd yxk, vkjS lcls T;knk bl çfr;kfs xrk eas eDq dcs kt flejuthr dkjS ¼efgyk
94 v)'Z krd yxk,A 70 ls T;knk ikfj;ka [kys us okys 60 fdxkz ½] vfer i?a kky ¼i#q "k 52 fdxkz ½] vkjS euh"kk
cYycs ktkas eas fojkV dkgs yh dk vklS r lcls vf/kd 56- ekuS ¼efgyk 57 fdxkz ½ us viu&s vius Hkkj oxZ eas Lo.kZ
97 gAS blds vykok vra jjk"Vhª ; fØdVs ifj"kn us ind thrAs vfer i?a kky jkgs rd vkjS euh’kk ekuS dFS ky
T20I] ODI vkjS n'kd dh VLs V Vhekas dh ?kk"s k.kk dh gAS ftys dh jgus okyh gAaS oreZ ku eas vfer i?a kky
Hkkjrh; Vhe ds iow Z egku dIrku egæas flga /kkus h dks ,vkbcZ h, ¶ykboZ Vs oYMZ J.s kh eas 'kh"kZ Lrj ds eDq dcs kt
T20I vkjS n'kd dh ODI Vhe dk dIrku puq k x;k gAS gAaS lrh'k deq kj ¼91+ fdxkz ½ us jtr ind thrkA

vesfjdk us ih,e eksnh dks lEekfur fd;k fnXxt usrk eksrhyky oksgjk dk fu/ku

22 fnlacj dks vesfjdk us Hkkjr ds ç/kkuea=h 21 fnlEcj] 2020 dks fnXxt urs k ekrs hyky okgs jk dk
ujsUæ eksnh dks ^yhtu v‚Q esfjV* iqjLdkj ls fu/ku gvq kA os 93 o"kZ ds FkAs xkrS yc gS fd os vDVcw j eas
lEekfur djus dh ?kks"k.kk dhA Jh eksnh dks ;g dkjs kus kok;jl lØa fer ik, x;s Fks vkjS mUgas ,El eas HkrhZ
iqjLdkj nksuksa ns'kksa dh j.kuhfrd lk>snkjh dks djok;k x;k FkkA ekrs hyky okgs jk n”s k dh cMh+ ikVhZ ds
c<+kus vkSj Hkkjr dks oSf'od 'kfä ds :i esa mHkjus ,d çe[q k urs k FkAs os e/; çn's k ds e[q ;e=a h Hkh jgs gAaS
ds fy, muds usr`Ro ds fy, fn;k x;k gSA ;g blds vykok os ,d i=dkj vkjS lkekftd dk;dZ rkZ Hkh
iqjLdkj vesfjdk ds jk"Vªifr dh vksj ls fn;k FkAs ekrs hyky okgs jk dk tUe 20 fnlEcj] 1927 dks gvq k
x;k gSA xkSjryc gS fd vesfjdk esa Hkkjrh; FkkA mUgkuas s viuh f'k{kk jk;ijq vkjS dydÙkk ls ijw h
jktnwr rjuthr flag la/kw us ç/kkuea=h eksnh dh dhA 'k#q vkr eas mUgkuas s dbZ o’kkaZs rd fofHkUu lekpkj
vksj ls ;g iqjLdkj OgkbV gkml esa çkIr fd;kA i=kas ds fy, dk;Z fd;kA

Hkkjr dh igyh Mªkbojysl Vªsu ykap QhQk us fo'o di dks LFkfxr fd;k

n”s k eas igyh Mkª bojyls Vusª dk “kHq kkja Hk 28 fnlca j dks 25 fnlca j dks QhQk us dkjs kus kok;jl egkekjh ds dkj.k
ç/kkue=a h ujæas ekns h }kjk fd;k x;kA ;g Vusª fnYyh vMa j&17 vkjS vMa j&20 fo'o di dks jí dj fn;kA ;g
eVs kª s dh etS Vas k ykbu ij lpa kfyr gkxs hA etS Vas k fo'o di vc 2023 eas vk;kfs tr fd;s tk;xas As bMa kus fs 'k;k
ykbu Vusª dks 38 fdykes hVj yca h ykbu ij 'k:q vMa j&20 vkjS i:s vMa j&17 fo'o di dh ets ckuh djxs kA
fd;k gAS ;g x#q xkz e] uk,s Mk] xkft;kckn] Qjhnkckn QhQk ifj"kn ds C;jw ks us dgk fd COVID&19 egkekjh ds
vkjS cgknjq x<+ eas QyS s 390 fdykes hVj yca s uVs odZ dk dkj.k vra jjk"Vhª ; [kys vk;kts ukas dh ets ckuh vkjS
,d fgLlk gAS vra jjk"Vhª ; ;k=k eas dkQh puq kfS r;ka i's k vk jgh gAaS

33

ikBdksa dh utj esa ^n`f”Vdks.k*

mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx dh ftruh Hkh rkjhQ dh tk, de gSA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, yxkrkj u;s dne mBkrk

jgrk gSA foHkkx o çns'k ds f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dh vdknfed xfrfof/k;ksa dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa rFkk f'k{kd oxZ rd

igqapkus ds fy, vkWuykbu ekfld if=dk ^–f"Vdks.k* fudky jgk gSA blls lkjk viMsV yxkrkj feyrk

jgrk gSA if=dk esa f”k{kdksa dk vkfVZdy i<+rs gq, cgqr vPNk yxrk gSA blls ;g Hkh irk pyrk gS fd

f”k{kd i<+kus d¢ vykok fy[kus esa Hkh esgur dj jgs gSaA

MkW- ghjkyky “kekZ

,lksfl,V izksQslj] ch-ih-vkj dkWyst

dq#{ks=

mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx dh ekfld if=dk foHkkx dh ^n`f’Vdks.k* if=dk dk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ij
^–f"Vdks.k* ds vad cgqr cf<+;k vk jgs gSaA cgqr vPNk vlj iM+ jgk gSA muesa fy[kus dh
f”k{kk ds tks Hkh dk;ZØe gksrs gSa ;k fQj dksbZ Hkh ftKklk rks tkx gh jgh gS lkFk gh dqN vyx
fnol vkrk gS rks if=dk esa mldh LVksjh cgqr djus dk tquwu Hkh c<+ jgk gSA bl if=dk d¢
vPNh rjg ls izdkf”kr dh tkrh gSA blls ek/;e ls mPprj f”k{kk ls tMq s+ fo”ofo|ky;k]as
lkQ irk py jgk gS fd foHkkx dh if=dk egkfo|ky;kas o vU; f”k{k.k lLa Fkkukas ds
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa f'k{kdksa d¢ fy, cgqr gh lgk;d fo|kfFk;Z k]as “kk/s kdrkvZ kas o f”k{kdkas d¢ mRd’` V dk;kaZs
o mi;ksxh lkfcr gks jgh gSA ftu fo|kfFk;Z kas us dks idz kf”kr fd;k tk jgkA blls fo|kfFk;Z kas dks
dNq lQyrk gkfly dh gks mudh lDlls LVkjs h dbZ ubZ tkudkfj;ka fey jgha gASa dNq fo|kfFk;Z kas
Hkh if=dk eas vk, rks T;knk vPNk jgxs kA blls dk dguk gS fd if=dk eas fo|kfFk;Z kas ds y[s k Hkh
vU; fo|kfFk;Z kas ds gklS ys vkjS etcrw gkxas s vkjS Nius pkfg,A
edq ke dks gkfly djus dh yyd Hkh c<xs+ hA
M‚- larks’k nqcs
M‚- uohu pgy vflLVsaV izksQslj] vkbZ-vkbZ-,p-,l
vflLVsaV izksQslj] i;ZVu foHkkx
dq#{ks= fo”ofo|ky;] dq#{ks=
dq#{ks= fo”ofo|ky;] dq#{ks=

mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] gfj;k.kk }kjk ^–f"Vdks.k* if=dk dk çdk'ku ,d ljkguh; ,oa lkFkZd igy gSA
bldk ykHk lh/ks rkSj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa] f'k{kdksa ,oa f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dks fey jgk gSA bl if=dk ds iwoZ vadksa ls
mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx ds mís';ksa] çns'k ds f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dh miyfC/k;ksa ,oa [kwfc;ksa] f'k{kk ds cnyrs Lo:iksa]
v‚uykbu Vhfpax&yfuaZx lesr lelkef;d eqíksa ij egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh çkIr gqbZA fo'ks"k :i ls fMftVy
Vhfpax&yfuaZx vkSj fMftVy IysVQkeZ ds ckjs esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ekxZn'kZu feykA

M‚- fojsUnz flag
vflLVsaV izksQslj] Mh-,-oh- dkWyst] phdk

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