Abstract of FYP Aug 2020

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) After Self- Instructed
Exercise Phase among IFitEr Participants in Taiping Hospital

Fathen Aklima Ahmad Misnun1 and Ahmad Dzulkarnain Ismail1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract

I Fit and Eat Right (IFitEr) was an intervention programme to help communities who
having overweight and obesity. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge,
attitude and practice (KAP) after self-instructed exercise among IFitEr participants of
Taiping Hospital staff between normal weight, overweight and obese individuals.
Cross sectional survey was conducted and data was collected from 33participants that
been engaged in self-instructed exercise for 8 weeks. Structured KAP questionnaire
was adopted from A. D. Ismail (2009) and distributed by Google form. The data was
analysed by using Kruskal Wallis test. Total mean score for knowledge was no
significant difference between normal weight (M= 19.42, SD= 20.5), overweight
(M=15.95, SD= 19) and obese (M=16.76, SD=20) which p> 0.05.Total mean score
for attitude was no significant difference between normal weight (M= 16.67, SD= 3),
overweight (M= 15.55, SD= 2.9) and obese (M=17.97, SD=3.1) which p> 0.05. Total
mean score for practice was no significant difference between normal weight (M=
13.42, SD= 4.5), overweight (M= 17.8, SD= 5.5) and obese (M=17.79, SD= 5) which
p> 0.05.From result of this study, level of KAP after self-instructed exercise among
participants was poor since their level of KAP was in between 50. Therefore, relevant
policies and campaigns might be able to change and improve the level of KAP
regarding self-instructed exercise among the staff in Hospital Taiping. Study about
level of KAP before and after exercise intervention were suggested to help improvise
on next exercise intervention.

Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, overweight and obesity

51

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

A Study of Social Media Posting Influenced toward Athlete’s Motivation and
Emotion

Wan Muhammad Iyad1, Ellail Ain Mohd Aznan1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Social media are considered by its interactivity, connectedness and user-generated
content. In today’s society, the use of social media has become a necessary daily
activity same goes to the athletes. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence
of social media posting toward athletes’ motivation and emotion as well as the
relationship of social media posting toward athletes’ motivation and emotion. A total
of 108 questionnaires were distributed to the players of top 5 football team in IPT
league Division 1 2019. The data were analysed by using Descriptive analysis and
Pearson Correlation. The results show that there is a significant relationship between
social media posting and athletes’ motivation and emotion with (p<0.01) however the
results show only weak relationship with (r<0.296**). Social media posting that
influenced athletes’ motivation and emotion have a significant value but in a weak
relationship. This shows that social media posting does not have an effect toward
athletes’ motivation and emotion. For better understanding on social media posting
influenced towards athletes’ motivation and emotion, it is proposed that this work
should be continued to another team sports and gender issue.

Keywords: social media, social media posting, athlete’s motivation and
emotion

52

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Comparison Symptom on Depression and Anxiety Level in Athlete and Non-
Athlete in UiTM Perlis

Muhamammad Aiman Abdul Aziz1 and Norfaezah MohdRosli1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Depression is a disabling mental disorder that has the ability to affect both collegiate
athletes and non-athletes. Depress or depression will be a major mental health illness
experienced by Malaysians by 2020 as more individuals are anticipated to
involvement expanded push due to work and family push, said the Supporter of the
Malaysian Psychiatric Affiliation (MPA), Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye (2018). This
research aim is to compare the level of symptom on depression and anxiety level for
athlete and non-athlete in UiTM Perlis and to compare the level of symptom on
depression and anxiety level between genders in UiTM Perlis. All of the respondent
for this study is N=150 students from UiTM Perlis. Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale (HADS) questionnaire was adopted by Zigmond and Snaith (1983) for
measuring anxiety, depression and stress. There is significance difference on
depression and anxiety level for athlete and non-athlete (p= 0.11). From the finding,
both genders had significance difference on depression and anxiety level (p= 0.75). In
future it was suggest to include other faculty as to compare the level of anxiety and
depression on difference studies.

Keywords: anxiety, depression, athlete, non-athlete

53

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Analysis on Shooting Types and Point Succession among Super League Netball
Players

Nik Izzati Nik Azhari1 and Mohd Syafiq Miswan1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Shooting in netball is a key aspect to winning. The purpose of the study was to see if
different shooting types effected shot outcome. Ten Super League netball matches
were analysed using pre-recorded Sky video footage; data was collected from both
teams allowing data from twenty teams. A hand notation system was designed, to
collect the data, which was inputted directly into Excel and exported into SPSS. Two
non-parametric tests were used in order to distinguish if there was a significant
difference and effects on shot outcome the test were Friedman and Wilcoxon test. The
results showed that, there is no significant difference between shot type (p>0.05,
p=0.504), shot scored and missed under marking conditions (p<0.05, p=0.431).
However, result shown that there are significant difference between feed area (p<0.05,
p=0.01), shooter position (p<0.05, p=0.033), and the shooter (p<0.05, p=0.028) all
have an effect on shot outcome in Super League Netball Players. As conclusion, the
results can also highlight the areas for improvement for example shooting accuracy in
all areas.

Keywords: Super League Netball Players, performance indicator, analysis,
shooting

54

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Effect of Motivation towards Athlete Sport Performance among UiTM
Perlis Athletes

Nur Fatihah Aiman Mahat1and Norfaezah Mohd Rosli1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Motivation is known as a studies that examine the process of energize and direct
behaviours. It is a power that work to stimulates and directs people to do their
desirable behaviours. Motivation consist of two type which is intrinsic and extrinsic.
This study focus on the effect of motivation towards athlete’s sport performance
among UiTM Perlis athletes. The questionnaire consists of 25 questions that has been
adopt from Behavioural Regulation Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) by Lonsdale (2008).
The participant for this study was 200 participants which are athletes from UiTM
Perlis. Survey was distributed by online survey due to Pandemic Covid-19. The results
showed that intrinsic motivation (M= 70.16) influence athletes more in performance
compared to extrinsic motivation (M = 34.18). As this study focus on athlete in UiTM
Perlis, similar study could be carried out to the secondary school. The finding of this
study will provide useful information on the motivation in future.

Keywords: motivation, intrinsic, extrinsic, performance

55

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Effect of Music on Academic Performance among University Students at
Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis

Nurul Nabila Binti Che Md Zaiddi1 and Azzura Binti Kamarudin1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Music is an art that been used century and still relevant until nowadays. People used
music to avoid bored. How about students are they used music to avoid stress or use
to increase academic performance. Music is popular among students to listen to
relaxation to reduce the effects of stress while performing difficult academic tasks.
The objective of this study is to determine relationship between effect and influence
of the music on the academic performance of students at Universiti Teknologi MARA
Perlis. The respondents of this study are 140 students between ages 19 – 24 years old
which that listening to music while studying. The data of this study were collected
through use questionnaire by google form the gathered in whatsApp group to
distributed the questionnaire. The name of the questionnaire is Music Preference
Questionnaire (MPQ-R) from Anastasia Kotsopoulou & Susan Hallam (2010). The
hypotheses were statistically analysed using Pearson correlation, at r ≤ .01 level of
significant. From the result, there is significant with r = .468 that the music plays a
major role in the academic of students university. Mostly the student can concentrate
and focus when they listen the music while study. Besides that, the music also can
reduce problem behaviours and can enhance desired behaviours. In conclusion is
music can improve the academic performance of students when they listening the
music.

Keywords: academic, music, university students, performance

56

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Factors of Imagery Ability Possessed by Student-Athlete of UiTM Perlis in
Terms of Education Level

Muhammad Shafiq Iman Bin Mizal1and Norfaezah Mohd Rosli1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Imagery as a mental preparing apparatus is characterized and explained. In addition,
imagery is an effectively way to enhance performance either through directly priming
movement patterns, or indirectly through altering constructs and dispositions
associated with more successful performance. Meanwhile athletes often used imagery
as a fundamental technique used in sport, exercise, dance, and rehabilitation. The
purpose of this study was to determine factors of imagery ability possessed by student
athlete of UiTM Perlis in terms of education level. The participants participated for
this study were 200 student-athletes with age ranged from 18 to 25 years old and
involve in variety of sports. Data collected was analyzed by using SPSS and the
questionnaire was adopted from Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ) by Hall (1998).
Result showed there was significant different in the imagery ability possessed by the
student athlete in terms of education level. Factors identified as “Image giving 100%”,
p = 0.029 and “Imagine myself being in control in difficult situations”, p = 0.018.
Lastly, the findings of this study will provide useful information for the knowledge
on the imagery ability factors possessed by student-athlete studies in future. Besides,
this data may be a useful item as references for related associations, marketers, school,
universities or any related fields.

Keywords: imagery, student-athlete, performance, education level, and UiTM
Perlis

57

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Physical Activity Level and Self-Esteem among Secondary School Students
in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Maran, Pahang

NurHamizah Binti Mohd Ali1 and Mohd Khairulanwar Bin Md Yusof1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, UniversitiTeknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical activity level and self-esteem
among secondary school students in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Maran, Pahang.
This researcher surveyed 50 male and 50 female students and collected at Sekolah
Kebangsaan Maran, Pahang. 100 of students completed the International Physical
Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).
Descriptive statistical techniques and Independent Sample T-Test were used to
analyze the data of study. This respondent was selected based on age which is 13 years
old until 17 years old. Result showed moderate level of physical activity is highest
result was 69% among students in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Maran. The
finding also showed that the highest self-esteem factors that influences students to
participate in physical activity among students is “I wish I could have more respect
for myself” (M=2.97, SD=0.771). The finding also showed that there is no
significance difference of self-esteem in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Maran,
Pahang in term of gender since p>.05. The researcher suggested that comparison
studies physical activity level and self-esteem is needed in different population.
Students also could increase their knowledge about physical activity and self-esteem
that could increase health benefit. For the school organization also could improve the
positive environment, maintained leadership and a cooperative attitude among
students and teachers.

Keywords: secondary school students, physical activity level, self-esteem

58

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Self – Regulation of Eating Behaviour during Movement Control Order (MCO)

Ahmad Lutfi Abdullah1 and Siti Jameelah Md Japilus1
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Common health issues are associated with lifestyle and with good eating behaviour.
Gender males and females were reported lack of time to exercise and eat healthier.
This study aims to investigate the self – regulation of eating behaviour between gender
among students and lecturers FSR UiTM Perlis. The questionnaire developed by
Kliemann et al., (2016), carried out among 280 respondents from FSR UiTM Perlis.
The questionnaire that was randomly distributed to students and lecturers by using
Google form survey that blasted on the online platform due to pandemic. There was
no significant difference between self – regulatory eating behaviour among students
and lecturers that were analysed using Mann – Whitney U Test p> 0.05. There was
also no significant difference between genders on self – regulatory eating behaviour
with p> 0.05. Students and lecturers’ nutritional knowledge does not always correlate
with their eating behaviour because they consumed large amounts of fast food despite
knowing it is unhealthiest. The findings indicate that females have a high rate of food
cravings such as chocolate compared with males who usually prefer savoury foods.
Eating behaviour during MCO increased people’s craving, food temptation, and
appetite for eating. That indicates differences between both gender among students
and lecturers need to control their eating habits and changes eating self - regulatory.
The researcher recommended studying eating self – regulatory skills to investigate
participant’s body mass index and body weight and use a different method to
investigate the relationship between SREB Questionnaire.

Keywords: self - regulation, eating behaviour, healthy diet, tempting food

59

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Parental Opinions for Assessing Children’s Weight and Height Status

Balqis binti Abdul Mutalib1and Masshera binti Jamaludin1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Evaluation and assessment of children weight status is a first step to acknowledge
childhood obesity. This study was to evaluate the parental perspective regarding the
responsibility for routine weight status assessment of primary school-aged children
and to examine whether the parents looked into their children weight, height and BMI
regularly. Online survey and door to door interview was used to analyze point of view
about assessing children’s weight status using adopted questionnaire. Data was
collected and evaluate guided by Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behavior
Framework. Total respondents of this study were 168. The result shows 52.7% of the
respondents checked their child’s weight but 58.5% less frequent on measuring height
and 70.2% not calculating the Body Mass Index (Capability).Parents acknowledged
the value of weight and height check and find it crucial to acknowledge child’s risk
of overweight (Motivation). They find that school should responsible to assess their
child weight and followed by parents themselves (Opportunity).This finding was
similar with the previous study except on school as a setting where this assessment
should dobby them due to bully and self-esteem, but the respondents believe school
is the most suitable place to run. Hopefully, future researchers could do this study with
bigger number of populations.

Keywords: childhood obesity, weight status assessment, overweight,
responsibility

60

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Mental Health Status during Movement Control Order (MCO) among
Workers in Gombak District

Mardhati Mustapha1 and Zulkifli Ismail1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
There is uncertain information on the mental health of the general public during the
peak of the COVID-19.The purpose of this study was to identify the mental health
status among workers in Gombak district and to compare by socio-demographic
(gender, sector occupation, marital status and working status) during Movement
Control Order (MCO). 381 workers in Gombak district, aged 30.48 ±9.26 years old
were recruited to participate in this study. General Health Questionnaire with 12-item
(GHQ-12) was used to assess the mental health status. One-sample t-Test,
Independent sample t-Test and One-Way ANOVA with significance level 0.05 were
used to analyse the data. There was significant difference in mental health status
among workers in Gombak district (2.38 ±0.20), p = 0.000) from the test value of 3.
Further analysis found no significant difference of mental health when comparing by
socio-demographicfactors (gender p = 0.15, sector occupation p = 0.5, marital status
p = 0.06). However, there was significant difference of mental health in working status
(p = 0.02). On the other hand, finding showed that fear of infection (Yes = 80.6 %)
was the main factor that leads to stress during MCO. GHQ-12 was suitable instrument
to assess mental health. Generally, workers in Gombak district were in a mentally
healthy condition.

Keywords: mental health, Movement Control Order, COVID-19, GHQ-12

61

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Relationship between Sleep Quality and Perceived Stress among Educators in
UiTM Perlis

Mohamad Amirrul Naufal Nuruddin1 and Jamilah Ahmad Radzi1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Univeristi Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Educators are considered as one of the tough and challenging work and it led to have
a poor sleep quality and higher perceived stress among them. The purpose of this study
is to assess the relationship between sleep quality and perceived stress among
educators. The sample comprised of UiTM Perlis educators (N=46). Participant’s
sleep quality was measured by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) whereas
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was utilized to identify the perceived stress among
participants. Result of this study revealed that there was no significance difference for
sleep quality between gender (p=0.12). Similarly, perceived stress also was found not
to have significant difference between gender (p=0.25). Moreover, there was no
correlation between sleep quality and perceived stress among educators. Male and
female educators were found to have no difference in terms of sleep quality and
perceived stress. Thus, it also found that sleep quality not correlated with perceived
stress among educators. This study still needs a further observation as a bigger sample
size are needed and comparing between universities.

Keywords: sleep quality; perceived stress; educators; gender

62

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Habit among Faculty Sports Science UiTM
Perlis Athletes

Muhammad Ammaruddin Shah bin Abdul Malek1 and Masshera binti
Jamaludin1

1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis
Branch

Abstract

Eating habit play a very important role to maintain health and prevention to get a risk
of diseases in population.Athletes do not demonstrate enough knowledge of nutrition
for their performance needs despite a reported high interest in nutrition. The purpose
of the study was to determine the nutrition knowledge and dietary habit engaging FSR
UiTM Perlis athletes between male and female athletes. The number of respondents
consisted of 40males and 40femaleswith different age and type of sports. The
calculation of sample size was adopted from previous study. This study was conducted
by online survey and created from the google form questionnaire. The hypotheses
were statistically analysed using Independent sample t-test to compare dietary habit
and nutrition knowledge among male and female athletes. The mean score male for
dietary habit was (44.05 ±4.7) and female was (43.83 ±5.9). Mean score nutrition
knowledge for male was (87.38 ±8.5) and female was (83.20 ±8.03). The result show,
there were no significant difference of dietary habit between male and female. While,
result for nutrition knowledge there were significantly difference between male and
female athletes (.028). For the total differences of nutrition knowledge and dietary
habit of athletes FSR UiTM Perlis, the result show there were no significant
differences for athletes. The findings of this study, it could be used as a reference and
guideline by UiTM Perlis sports center to plan its nutrition course in pursuit of
enhancing dietary habits, athlete’s health status, nutrition knowledge information and
their sport performance.

Keywords: nutrition knowledge, dietary habit

63

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Health and Appearance Reason in Weight Loss Participation Program
between Gender among Overweight Population

Muhammad Arif Nor Azman1 and Jamilah Binti Ahmad Radzi1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract

Statistic of risk population for overweight showed high prevalence in Malaysia,
because of training program participation dropout rate. Adherence of weight loss
intervention may relate with realistic goals and initial motivational reason prior to
training program participation. The purpose of this study was to identify current
motivational reason that may differ between genders among overweight population.
There were 108 training program participant including male (N = 54) and female (N
= 54) that has been recruited to assess the Weight Loss Motivation Questionnaire.
This questionnaire consists of 24 items including health reason, appearance in relation
to oneself and appearance in relation to others. The respondents aged 29 ±11 years
old and body mass index (25.0 ±2.0 kg/m2) were calculated. Using Statistical Package
for Social Science, the hypotheses were statistically analysed using Independent
sample t-Test, at p ≤ .05 level of significant. This study revealed significant difference
between gender in terms of the health reason (p = 0.001) which conclude that male
participant more concerned into health risk in order to participate in weight loss
program. Similar as result for appearance in relation to oneself, which indicate male
influenced from intrinsic motivation to lose weight (p = 0.001). Interestingly, there
were significant differences between gender on the appearance in relation to others
which dominantly preferred by female as weight loss reason (p = 0.001). Female
intention to lose weight is more because of external influences. Further research is
recommended to study specifically into demographic finding and expand widely into
other population.

Keywords: health, appearance, motivational reason, overweight, gender

64

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Relationship between Physical Activity and Stress Levels among UiTM
Perlis Students

Naelly Izzatie Binti Jafridin1 Masshera Binti Jamaludin1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Decrease in physical activity leading the stress problems in university students. The
aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and
stress levels among UiTM Perlis students. This study was conducted in a random
sampling of 200 students from UiTM Perlis. Levels of physical activity was measured
by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and stress levels was
assessed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). 80 male students and 120
female students were involved in this study. The results were analysed by SPSS
version 25.0 and the hypothesis of this study was statistically analysed using Pearson
Correlation Coefficient, at P <0.05level of significant. Overall, UiTM Perlis students
were in low level of physical activity with percentage 46% (1.72 ±0.75) and majority
of this students having a mild stress level with percentage 30.5% (2.47 ±1.13). On
the other hand, there was a strong negative relationship between physical activity and
stress levels among UiTM Perlis students (r= -.525, p= .001). This reveals that UiTM
Perlis students who were in low level of physical activity affect stress level among
them. Future research recommended to establish a primary prevention programme that
can enhance the quality of life and minimise prevalence of stress among university
students.

Keywords: physical activity, stress, university students

65

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Home Physical Fitness Barrier and Benefit among the Resident of Perlis’s State

Elfira Soraya Binti Abd Rahman1 and Siti Jameelah Md Japilus1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
As the Movement Control Order (MCO) enforced in Malaysia starting 18thMarch
2019 due to pandemic COVID-19 outbreaks, Malaysian were not allowed to do any
physical activities included workout at gymnasium or recreational activity. Therefore,
this study is important to introduce and explore home-based exercise to the Perlis’
resident as there were very limited info from previous study. To identify the home
physical fitness barriers and benefits among residents of Perlis state during MCO.
Perceiving barriers and benefits intensities to exercise were assessed by the HEBB
questionnaire (Thind et al. 2016) that comprised two components which benefits and
barriers of home exercise. The barriers component that comprise of 20 barrier
questions categorized into five subscales which is knowledge and skills, time, attitude,
home environment and privacy. The benefits are only under one scale which comprise
3 benefits of home exercise questions. Three hundred and fifty three adults population
of Perlis (56.7% women and 43.3% man) completed a cross-sectional survey. The
final solution resulted in a 23-item measure with 6 distinct subscale. Most of the result
reported a significant differences between barriers and benefits of home exercise.
Discussion: The measure established in this study outlines important predictors of
home exercise during pandemic situations such as covid-19 or other circumstances
which may be a cause for people to exercise in public. This study found that the listed
barriers is indeed not a barrier to do home exercise. Furthermore home exercise give
few benefits in terms of freedom of time to exercise at home toward the Perlis’
resident. This measure can be used to create tailor-made strategies to facilitate home-
based exercise during pandemic outbreak or other conditions.

Keywords: home-based exercise, physical activity, quarantine, COVID-19

66

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Effectiveness of Aquarobics Program on Body Weight Reduction among
Overweight Women

Nurul Solehah Binti Mohamad Rosli1 and Tham Yin Choong1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract

Existing studies in the literature have assessed the impact of aquarobics programs on
health and weight loss among adult obese female. These studies vary widely in age,
duration, intensity, protocol and objective of the exercise applied, with consequent
difficulties for comparison of the results. The purpose of this study was to determine
the effectiveness of eight weeks of aquarobics program on body weight reduction
(weight, BMI, and body fat percentage) among overweight women. A total of twenty-
six overweight sedentary female (mean age 35.6 years and weight 68.6 kg)
participated in this study which has been divided into two groups that was aquarobics
intervention group and control group. The aquarobics intervention group has
undergone three sessions per week for eight weeks while the control group executed
sedentary lifestyles as usual. Each session of the aquarobics included sloop cadence
training between 60 to 80 % of intensity.Weight (kg), BMI (Kg/m2), and body fat
percentage (%) were recorded for pre-test and post-test. There were significant
differences in weight (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.001) and body fat percentage (p = 0.001)
in the aquarobics intervention group but no significant differences in the control
group. Body weight, BMI and body fat percentage decreased after eight weeks of the
intervention period. The eight weeks of aquarobics program was effective in body
weight reduction among the overweight women. This aquarobics program can be
recommended for the treatment of overweight population. Further research is
warranted to investigate the possibility of lower intensity of aquarobics exercises for
more than eight weeks towards body weight reduction.

Keywords: aquarobics, body weight, sedentary, overweight

67

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Physical Characteristics of Handball Players: A Scientific Review

Muhammad Ikram Zailani1 and Harris Kamal Kamaruddin1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Handball is a dynamic sporting game determined by each player's individual
performance as well as their physical attributes. Since both the nature of the game and
the methods of scientific analysis have changed markedly in recent decades, updated
knowledge on the physical demands of modern elite handball teams is required to
determine the physical requirements imposed on current elite players.The aims of this
review was to determine the physical variables that contributed to a successful handball
players. Secondly, it was also of interest to define the determinants physical attributes of team-
handball performance. Scientific studied were identified via data bases of Google Scholar and
PubMed. A total of 50 articles met the inclusion criteria and 3 additional articles including
books. The finding of the review revealed that elite players are taller, heavier and have higher
fat-free mass than amateur players. Moreover, the maximal oxygen uptake of male elite
players is between 50 and 60 ml.kg-l.min-l. It is also found that higher rank teams has better
overall physical attributes compared to lower rank teams and specific training also plays an
important role in improving physical attributes in elite handball players. Although
comprehensive studies have been found examine the physical attributes in team-handball
players of difference experience level, team ranks, sex or age, there is still lack of studies,
particularly for team-handball specific training as well as mental skill. More studies are
needed to examine the effectiveness of different training programs of elite team handball
player’s physiological and physical attributes.

Keywords: performance, physical attributes, team-handball, maximal oxygen
uptake

68

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Effects of Massage Duration on Recovery among Athletes: A Systematic
Review

Abdul Thaqif bin Abdul Rizal1 and Nurul Afiqah binti Bakar1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, UniversitiTeknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Massage has been defined as a mechanical manipulation of body tissues with
rhythmical pressure and stroking which widely use to assist recovery of delay onset
muscle soreness (DOMS) post the exercise. The effects of massage on DOMS were
examined are difficult to reconcile because of treatment length.The objective was to
review the literatures on optimum duration of massage therapy intervention that
suitable to assist recovery post exercise. Google Scholar databases were searched
during March 2020 for studies containing words ‘Sport’, ‘Massage’, ‘Performance’,
‘Recovery’, ‘delayed onset muscle soreness’ (DOMS), ‘Effleurage’, ‘Petrissage’,
‘Vibration’, ‘Tapotement’. PRISMA approached was used in the selection of studies.
Duration of massage for 20-30 minutes was effective for recovery muscle soreness
and improves performance based on the measurement of creatine kinase, visual analog
scale (VAS), numeric pain rating scale, pressure pain threshold, and peak isometric
torque. Duration less than 20 minutes gives less effect on blood flow and duration
more than 30 minutes cause fatigue that will reduce the performance of the athletes.
Massage therapy for 20- 30 minutes appears to have the best effects to enhance
recovery and increasing range of motion (ROM).

Keywords: massage, performance, recovery, DOMS

69

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Effects of Cold-Water Immersion for Recovery on Sport Performance: A
Systematic Review

Faiz Shah Saharudin1 and Nurul Afiqah Bakar1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
The use of cold-water immersion (CWI) is one of the effective recovery techniques
for muscle soreness and perceived fatigue. Our objective was to review the literature
on CWI regarding the duration and temperature of immersion protocol. Google
Scholar databases were searched during March2020 for studies containing words
related to the topic of CWI protocol with the variations and synonyms of “cold-water
immersion”, “muscle soreness”, “duration”, and “temperature”. PRISMA guidelines
were used upon paper selection. Data from fifteen studies were examined, and overall
quality varied based on the study protocol, the temperature of the water, duration of
immersion, and outcomes measured. Duration of immersion and temperature of water
shown improvement on recovery with duration of 15 minutes with temperature of
water 15°C. The result does not show a good improvement toward athletes when the
temperature less than 11°C with the duration of immersion less than 10 minutes. CWI
appeared to have a good beneficial effect for athletes, including improved sports
performances, reduced muscle soreness and perceived fatigue. The suitable duration
of immersion and temperature of water for CWI recovery protocol was between 11-
15 minutes (11°C-15°C).

Keywords: muscle soreness, cold-water immersion, fatigue, athletes

70

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Effectiveness of Taping on Functional Performance: A Systematic Review

Muhammad Adib Fikri1 and Nurul Afiqah Bakar1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Taping is one of the external elements that used to prevent re-injury, protect, support,
strengthen the joint and to ensure athlete able to return to sport early. The motion of
weakened muscles of injured joint could be limited by taping to prevent excessive
injury. The objective of this review to provide an overview concerning the
effectiveness of taping toward speed, agility, flexibility and stability on the sport
performance abilities with consideration the mechanism of Kinesio Tape (KT).
PubMed and Google scholar database were searched during July 2019 for studies
containing words of ‘‘taping’’, “kinesio tape”, “speed”, “agility”, “flexibility” and
‘‘stability.’’. The inclusion criteria included participants were identified as non-athlete
and athlete, the study design compare the type of tape, the application method of KT,
the outcomes were the sport performance or daily activity, and involve in
randomization. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. There is conflict evidence
whether application of KT are effective toward the functional performance. The
taping seems to increase lymph circulation and reduce oedema but it not worth to
apply for maintaining and improving performance. In conclusion, the application of
KT is work for speed, agility and flexibility however there is not enough evidence to
show that the taping and the application of KT are effective on stability. Further
research is need to investigate the effectiveness of taping on functional performance
using participant did not regularly do any exercise.

Keywords: taping, kinesio tape, functional performance

71

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Analysis of Corner Kick Succession in Malaysian Cup Football Season 2019

Afiq Ashraf1 and Mohd Syafiq Miswan1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Corner kicks are comparatively uncommon and largely ineffectual, but they are often
a determining influence in the consequence of a game between two similar-level
teams. The objectives of this study were to analyze the succession of corner kicks
taken by elite football teams in Malaysia Cup 2019. In total, 138 corner kicks in the
Malaysia Cup 2019 knockout-phase (13 matches) were analyzed using statistical
analysis by hand notational analysis. All 13 matches’ footage was downloaded from
www.youtube.com. The data collected from all 13 matches have been interpreted in
IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Inferential analysis using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks
Test and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Test was used to analyze the significance effect
of each component. A p-value that is less than 0.05 is considered significant. There
was a significant relationship between the number of attackers in the opposing’s
penalty box during corner kicks and goal’s status (p=.0.01), no significant relationship
between the number of attackers in opposing box and zone to which pass is made
(p=0.84), no significant relationship between the match status during corner kicks and
goal’s status (p=0.45), no significant relationship between the position of corner kicks
taken and goal’s status (p=0.35). More elaborate corner kicks – sent to the near post,
happening in the first 30 minutes of play, with direct delivery of ball, 1 attacker is
intervening with the ball, shot done with head, 4-5 of attacking players are in the box
ready to receive the ball – are more effective.

Keywords: football, corner kicks, observational methodology,
performance analysis

72

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Inter-Relationship between Sleep Quality and Excessive Daytime among UiTM
Football Players during MCO

Noorul Farhana Mohd Nasir1 and Mohd Faridz Haji Ahmad1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness can be associated with road traffic accident,
poor performance in academic and sport and psychological distress.Total of 30
athletes (n = 30) in UiTM Perlis football team participated in this study with mean
age (21.67 years of age  1.03). This study used Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Malay
Version (PSQI-M) questionaire in order to identify the quality of sleep and Epworth
Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for assessing excessive daytime sleepiness.As a results, UiTM
Perlis football players showed high percentage on normal daytime sleepiness (53.3%)
compared to excessive (46.7%). In addition, they showed to have higher percentage
of poor quality with 90% compared to good (10%). For inferential analysis, sleep
quality and daytime sleepiness showed there was no signifficant relationship when p
> .05. In conclusion, UiTM Perlis football players showed the poor quality of sleep
and not effect on sleepiness daytime during MCO period.

Keywords: excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, MCO

73

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

A Review of Aerobic Dance Effectiveness in Body Composition and Weight
Loss among Overweight Population

Najwa AnisAhmad Desa1 and Mohd Faridz Haji Ahmad1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the modifiable behavioral risk factors which increase the
risk of obesity and non-communicable disease. Aerobic dance has been identified as
a beneficial program for intergenerational physical activity for underserved
community and has been shown to increase physical fitness, decrease stress and
decrease psychosomatic symptoms in children. The purpose of this article is to review
the effectiveness of aerobic dance on body composition and weight loss among
overweight population. The method that had been used was PRISMA statement.
Databases searches were conducted in Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar. The
inclusion criteria for this study, the article has to satisfy the following criteria: 1)
Aerobic dance intervention such as Zumba, low-impact aerobics dance or high-impact
aerobics dance. 2) The article had to written in English, and 3) Focusing on reducing
body mass and body composition among overweight women. 5 studies from 71 were
identified and showed that aerobic dance can significantly reducing the body weight
and body composition among overweight women. It also benefits in improves health
quality and in psychological state it can provide moral support to exercise in fun ways
with the additional of music.

Keywords: overweight, aerobic dance, body composition, body weight

74

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Athlete’s Satisfaction on The Influence of Coach’s Leadership Behavioural
Styles in Individual Sports

Aiman Asri Zul Kuraini1 and Mohd Faridz Haji Ahmad1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the preferences of athletes to their coaches’
coaching leadership style, to find out the athletes’ satisfaction, and to investigate the
differences in athletes’ satisfaction among the different demographic factors, and
lastly, to examine the relationship of coaching leadership style between coaching style
and athlete satisfaction. The Revised Leadership Scale for Sports and the Athlete
Satisfaction Questionnaire were used. The result of this study showed that elite
athletes in individual sport satisfied of coaching leadership style. Specifically, the
democratic behaviour and situational consideration coaching leadership styles are
main influence to athletes’ satisfaction. The findings of this study suggest that the
coaches should provide democratic behaviour and situational consideration and allow
athletes to participate in the formulation of team goals, practice methods, and game
strategies in order to increase the levels of satisfaction and decrease quitting among
athletes. The results of this study can serve as a benchmark for sports coaching, sport
psychology, sport management and others sports related study.

Keywords: coaching, leadership behaviour, athlete satisfaction

75

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Athlete’s Satisfaction on the Influence of Coach’s Leadership Behavioral Styles
in Team Sports

Irfan Safwan Kaltes1 and Mohd Faridz Haji Ahmad1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the difference athlete’s satisfaction on the
influence of coach’s leadership behavioural styles in team sports. This study was
suggested that the coaches must have a good quality in coaching for enhance the
performance of the athlete especially for SUKMA athletes that play in team sports.
For examples, football, volleyball, basketball, netball, rugby seven, sepak takraw and
hockey. The results of this study can served as a level for sport coaching that includes
the coaching behaviour in different styles. By promoting a positive competitive
environment, athletes can have the opportunity for tremendous personal growth both
on and off the field. The result of this study showed that there is significant difference
of athletes’ satisfaction on the influence of coach's leadership behavioural styles team
sports

Keywords: coach, leadership behaviour, team sports

76

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Prevalence of Sports Burnout Among
University Technology MARA Perlis Branch Karisma Athletes

Afiq Zulkafli1 and Syed Shahbudin Syed Omar1
1Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract

Burnout has been concerned much on athletes especially students’ athletes such as
KARiSMA athletes because it may lead to get an unhealthy lifestyle and drop of
performance. This study aimed to measure the level of burnout among KARiSMA
Selangor 2019 athletes. The present study involved a total of two hundred and fifty
athletes (n=250) KARiSMA athletes from UiTM Perlis. Athlete Burnout
Questionnaire by Raedeke & Smith (2001) was used to measure the level of burnout
among KARiSMA athletes. The data that were obtained were analyzed using the
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 25.0. Independent sample T-
test were used to measure the significant different between types of sports (team
versus individual) and gender (male and female) among KARiSMA UiTM Perlis
athletes. Results shown that there was no significant difference on burnout between
team sports (M=2.4866, SD=.51331, p=.925) and individual sports (M=2.4943,
SD=.47725, p=.925) among KARiSMA athletes. Significant difference on burnout
obtained between male (M=2.4889, SD=.50962, p=1.00) and female (M=2.4889,
SD=.49475, p=1.00) among KARiSMA athletes. These findings provide an insight
on emotional management among KARiSMA UiTM Perlis athletes which is a bad
management of emotional can affect the performance. Future study should compare
the level of burnout between age group, for example between adults and adolescents.
This will perhaps show the level of burnout in different age groups

Keywords: Burnout, gender, types of sports, KARiSMA athletes

77

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

The Attraction to Participate in Aerobic Dance among Sedentary Student in
UiTM Perlis

NorNadia Aizat Binti Ayob¹and Syed ShahbudinBin Syed Omar¹
¹Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Aerobic dance has becoming a popular mode of exercise especially among women
due to its fun nature. With a catchy music background and joyful dance steps, aerobic
dancers would be able to have fun while sweating out. Aerobic dance may be used as
an alternative for people who wish to lead a healthy lifestyle in a fun way. This study
examines the attraction to participate in aerobic dance among sedentary student in
UiTM Perlis. A total of 150 students participated in this study. Data collected via
questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Independent sample t-test and
ANOVA test was used to examine the hypotheses. Descriptive analysis revealed that
demographic data. Theattraction to participate in aerobic dance among sedentary
student in UiTM Perlis has conquered by male and from the perspectives inactively
participate in aerobic dance also goes to male and the mean attraction of vigorous was
highest rather than others and it shown that vigorous exercise more attractive use
music rather than a sedentary student. The findings obtained are able to contribute
more the participation in aerobic dance, get improving a good healthy body and helps
to reduce a risk of health diseases besides for future educational references in the
aerobic dance.

Keywords: attraction, participate, aerobic dance, sedentary student

78

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

Perceived Sleep Quality among Faculty of Sort Science and Recreation (FSR)
UiTM Perlis Students

Mohamad Akmal Bin Abdul Rahman1 and Syed Shahbudin Bin Syed Omar1
1Faculty of Sport Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

Branch

Abstract
Better quality of sleep is a known indicator of physical and mental health, wellbeing,
and overall productivity. Seven components that is commonly used to determine the
quality of one’s sleep are Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep
efficiency, sleep disturbance, sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. University
students are known as the most sleep deprived among other age group. The purpose
of this is to evaluate the perceived sleep quality among FSR UiTM Perlis Students.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is the most commonly used questionnaire in
determining sleep quality. A total of 270 students from Faculty of Sport Science and
Recreation (FSR) had participated in this study. All 270 had answered the
questionnaire through an online Google form. Findings revealed that about (77%) of
the respondents have poor sleep quality. It had shown that sleep duration was observed
as the major component in PSQI contributing to high global PSQI score. The mean
sleep duration of the respondents was 5 hours 39 minutes per night. Additionally,
majority respondents (52.6%) had less than 5 hours of sleep per night. Only 8.1% of
the respondents had more than seven hours of sleep duration per night. Majority of
FSR students that participated in this study have poor sleep quality. Future studies
should investigate more in finding suitable timing in conducting the study.

Keywords: Sleep quality, university, students

79

FYP Abstract August 2020
Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation

UiTM Perlis Branch

1