Science Form 4

SCIENCE

CHAPTER 2 EMERGENCY HELP

NAME : YVONE TYE YI WEN
CLASS : 4 RED

2.1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ( CPR )

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation or
CPR is an emergency aid that
involves a combination of chest
compressions and breathing into the
mouth of the viction to restore their
heartbeat and breathing.

SITUATIONS OF INDIVIDUALS
REQUIRING CPR

If an If an If an
individual individual is individual has
does not not breathing no heartbeat
respond to
stimulus or pulse

CAUSES OF SITUATIONS THAT REQUIRE CPR

Heart Attack Lightning
Strike

Electric Shock Drowning

1 CPR PROCEDURE 3
Check the victim’s
2
responses
Open the airway Chest compressions

4 5
Mouth-to-mouth 30 times chest
compressions and 2
resuscitation times mouth-to-
mouth resuscitation



IMPORTANCE OF CPR

• To restore the victim’s blood circulation
• To supply oxygen to the body of the victim

2.2 HEIMLICH MANOEUVRE

• The Heimlich Manoeuvre is an
emergency procedure that is
carried out to save an
individual who is choking

Holding the Victim’s situations Unable to
neck with that require the speak or
both hand Heimlich
Skin, lips Manoeuvre cough
and nails Difficulty in
breathing
appear
bluish or
blackish

IMPORTANCE OF HEIMLICH
MANOEUVRE

When someone is choking, the respiratory tract is blocked and
prevents oxygen from reaching the lungs. This will provide
insufficient oxygen to the brain. If the emergency help is given
too late, the victim can experience brain damage or worse, it
will result in death.

STEPS TO PERFORM HEIMLICH MANOEUVRE

1. Stand behind the 2. Make a fist with your 3. Place your left hand on 4. Press end jerk
victim and bend his body right hand and place it top of your right fist. upwards with quick force.
slightly forward. between the navel end
below the ribs of the
victim.

PERFORMING HEIMLICH MANOEUVRE ON YOURSELF

1. Place your hands between navel
and below the ribs.

2. Try to exert pressure on that area
by bending your body.

3. Find an object that is about the
height of your waist such as chair
or table.

4. Bend forward and push your
body with all your strength
against the object.

END