ARDUINO SENSOR TYPES OF ARDUINO SENSORS Penyumbang Kandungan: Hamidah binti Mohamed Shah
WHAT IS AUGMENTED REALITY? Augmented Reality (AR) is a cutting-edge technology that blends the physical world with computer-generated content, enriching the real-life environment with digital information. Unlike virtual reality (VR), which immerses users in a completely simulated environment, AR overlays digital elements onto the existing surroundings, enhancing the user's perception and interaction with the world. HOW DOES IT WORK? AR technology relies on a combination of hardware and software components to seamlessly integrate virtual elements into the physical environment. Typically, AR experiences are accessed through mobile devices like smartphones or tablets, equipped with specialized AR apps or through dedicated AR glasses. KEY COMPONENTS OF AN AR SYSTEM SENSOR These capture real-time data about the user's surroundings, such as the device's location, orientation and movement. PROCESSING UNIT This interprets sensor data and generates virtual content that aligns with the physical environment. DISPLAY The AR display overlays digital content onto the user's view of the real world, blending the two seamlessly.
Augmented Reality holds tremendous potential to revolutionize how we perceive and interact with the world around us. By seamlessly blending digital content with the physical environment, AR technology enhances our experiences across various domains, from entertainment and gaming to education and enterprise. With ongoing advancements in hardware and software capabilities, the future of AR promises even more immersive and interactive experiences, shaping the way we engage with reality. AR IMAGE TARGET In this type of AR, digital content is triggered by specific images or markers in the physical world. When the AR device detects the predefined image through its camera, it superimposes the corresponding digital content onto it. This can range from simple animations to interactive 3D models, providing users with engaging experiences. TYPES OF AUGMENTED REALITY AR MODEL TARGET AR GROUND PLANE Unlike Image Targets, Model Targets use reallife objects or environments as triggers for AR content. By recognizing the shape and features of physical objects, AR systems can accurately overlay digital content onto them. This approach is commonly used in applications like industrial design, where engineers can visualize and manipulate virtual prototypes overlaid onto physical models. Ground Plane AR utilizes horizontal surfaces, such as floors or tabletops, as a canvas for digital content. By detecting and mapping the surface in real-time, AR systems can place virtual objects onto it, creating immersive experiences that interact with the physical space. This type of AR is prevalent in applications like interior design, where users can visualize furniture or decorations within their living spaces before making purchasing decisions., shaping the way we engage with reality.
Access Google Play Store: Locate the Google Play Store app on your home screen or in your app drawer. It typically has a white shopping bag icon with a colorful triangle on it. Open Google Play Store: Tap on the Google Play Store icon to open it. Search for the App: Tap on the search bar at the top of the screen and type "AR POLYCC 2024" (without quotes) into the search bar. Then, tap the search icon (usually a magnifying glass) to start the search. Select the App: Among the search results, find "AR POLYCC 2024" and tap on it. This will open the app's page in the Play Store. Read App Details: On the app's page, you'll find details about the app such as its description, screenshots, reviews, ratings, and additional information. Take a moment to review this information to ensure it's the app you want. Install the App: If you've decided you want to download the app, tap the "Install" button on the app's page. You may see a pop-up window with permissions the app requires. Review these permissions and tap "Accept" to proceed with the installation. 1 2 4 3 6 5 Wait for Download and Installation: Once you tap "Install, " the app will begin downloading and installing on your device. You'll see a progress bar indicating the download and installation progress. Open the App: After the app has finished downloading and installing, you'll see an "Open" button on its page in the Play Store. Tap this button to open the app immediately, or you can navigate back to your home screen or app drawer to find and open the app from there. Choose Topic: Once you open this app, click “Choose Topic” button and you will see the list of all 60 topics. Choose and click any topic you interested, and it will open a camera. You can use the camera to scan the AR marker to start the AR experiences. About Us: Click this button to read about JPPKK. Contact Us: Click this button to see JPPKK contact information. AR Marker: Click this button to get/download all the Image Target. 7 8 9 10 11 12 Here’s how you can download the "AR POLYCC 2024" app on your Android devices: USER MANUAL ANDROID USER
Access the App Store: Locate the App Store app on your home screen. It has a blue icon with a white letter "A" inside a white circle. Open the App Store: Tap on the App Store icon to open it. Search for the App: Tap on the search tab located at the bottom of the screen and type "AR POLYCC 2024" (without quotes) into the search bar. Then, tap the search button on the keyboard. Select the App: Among the search results, find "AR POLYCC 2024" and tap on it. This will open the app's page in the App Store. Read App Details: On the app's page, you'll find details about the app such as its description, screenshots, reviews, ratings, and additional information. Take a moment to review this information to ensure it's the app you want. Get the App: If you've decided you want to download the app, tap the "Get" button (or the download icon, which may show a price if the app is not free). You may be prompted to authenticate with Face ID, Touch ID, or your Apple ID password. 1 2 4 3 6 5 Wait for Download and Installation: Once you tap "Get, " the app will begin downloading and installing on your device. You'll see a progress circle around the app's icon on your home screen. Open the App: After the app has finished downloading and installing, you'll see its icon on your home screen. Tap the icon to open the app. Choose Topic: Once you open this app, click “Choose Topic” button and you will see the list of all 60 topics. Choose and click any topic you interested, and it will open a camera. You can use the camera to scan the AR marker to start the AR experiences. About Us: Click this button to read about JPPKK. Contact Us: Click this button to see JPPKK contact information. AR Marker: Click this button to get/ download all the Image Target. 7 8 9 10 11 12 USER MANUAL IOS USER Here’s how you can download the "AR POLYCC 2024" app on your iOS devices:
Scan the Image Marker to startthe AR experience. IMAGE MARKER
ARDUINO SENSOR - TYPES OF ARDUINO SENSORS WHAT IS SENSOR An electronic device that senses and responds quickly to physical changes such as distance, pressure, temperature, touch can be referred to as sensors DIGITAL SENSORS Digital sensors tend to be simpler in function than analog sensors. The digital pins on the Arduino provide a 1-bit signal (HIGH/LOW). The Arduino has a built-in 10-bit Analog-toDigital converter (ADC) ANALOG SENSOR Analog sensors provide variable voltage that changes based on whatever they are measuring. Digital sensors just act as switches Analog sensors allow us to take readings over a range of values rather than just an ON/OFF condition.
HC-SR04 ULTRASONIC SENSOR The KY-050 / HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor has four pins: Vcc+, Trigger, Echo, and Ground. The ultrasonic sensor contains both and emitter and a transmitter that operate that the 40kHz frequency. This frequency is outside of the ability of humans and most animals hearing ranges. Used to measure the distance of the object using SONAR. It emits the Ultrasound at a frequency of 40KHZ or 40000 Hz. The frequency travels through the air and strikes the object on its path. ARDUINO WIRING KY-050 / HC-SR04 Sensor GND to Arduino GND KY-050 / HC-SR04 Sensor Vcc+ to Arduino +5V KY-050 / HC-SR04 Sensor Echo to Arduino PIN 9 KY-050 / HC-SR04 Sensor Trigger to Arduino PIN 10. ULTRASONIC SENSOR CODE EXAMPLE FOR ARDUINO const int echoPin = 9; const int triggerPin = 10; long timetofly; int distance; void setup() { pinMode(triggerPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(triggerPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW); timetofly= pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); distance= timetofly*0.034/2; Serial.print(“Distance:”); Serial.println(distance); }
DHT11/ DHT22 COMBINATION TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR This sensor is to measure the temperature and humidity of the surroundings. The sensor can measure temperature from 0°C to 50°C and humidity from 20% to 90% with an accuracy of ±1°C and ±1%. It consist of a humidity sensing component, a NTC temperature sensor (or thermistor) and an IC on the back side of the sensor. ARDUINO WIRING KY-015 / DHT11/DHT22 Sensor GND to Arduino GND KY-015 / DHT11/DHT22 Sensor Vcc+ to Arduino +5V KY-015 / DHT11/DHT22 Sensor Signal to Arduino PIN 2 DHT 11/22 SENSOR CODE EXAMPLE FOR ARDUINO #include “DHT.h”; #define DHTPIN 2 #define DHTTYPE DHT11 DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE); void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { float myTemperature = dht.readTemperature(true); Serial.print(myTemperature); Serial.print((char)223); Serial.println(“C”); delay(3000); }
KY-026 FLAME IR SENSOR It is a sensor that packed with a photo diode that is sensitive to the spectral range of light that is created by an open flame. It is not recommend that this device contacts a flame, as the plastic is likely to melt, or combust. Flame sensor should be kept at a reasonable distance from the source flame. This sensor detects wavelengths ranging from 760nm to 1100nm in the infrared spectrum. After detecting a flame, the digital out (DO) line will become HIGH. The analog out (AO) will provide a direct measurement of the reading. DHT 11/22 SENSOR CODE EXAMPLE FOR ARDUINO int GPFlameAnalogPIN = A0; void setup () { pinMode (GPFlameAnalogPIN, INPUT); Serial.begin (9600); } void loop () { float GPAnalog; GPAnalog = analogRead (GPFlameAnalogPIN) * (5.0 / 1023.0); Serial.print “Flame Sensor value:”;); Serial.println (GPAnalog, 4); delay (500); } ARDUINO WIRING KY-026 Sensor GND to Arduino GND KY-026 Sensor AO to Arduino PIN A0 KY-026 Sensor Vcc+ to Arduino +5V KY-026 Sensor D0 to No Connection
PIR MOTION SENSOR PIR is stand for “Passive Infrared”. This sensor has two built-in potentiometers to adjust the delay time (the potentiometer at the left) and the sensitivity (the potentiometer at the right). This sensor is to measures infrared light from objects in its field of view. It can detect motion based on changes in infrared light in the environment. This sensor is ideal to detect if a human has moved in or out of the sensor range. ARDUINO WIRING PIR Motion Sensor GND to Arduino GND PIR Motion Sensor pin OUT to Arduino PIN 2 PIR Motion Sensor Sensor Vcc+ to Arduino +5V DHT 11/22 SENSOR CODE EXAMPLE FOR ARDUINO const int pir_output = 2; //PIR sensor output at pin 2 void setup() { pinMode(pir_output, INPUT); Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { if (digitalRead(pir_output) == HIGH) { Serial.println("HIGH"); } else { Serial.println("LOW"); } delay(1000); }