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Μˊʼʴˇ ʷ˅ʸˊˁʼʴˁˌʶʻ ˍʴʵʴˊʸʾʡ

ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˘ ˭ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ʡ ʵ˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ʟ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔˝͗˖˘
˖˘˥˧ˬ˙˜˞˔˧ˬ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˜ ˦ˣ˘·ˡ˜˔˝͗˖˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘ ˡˢ˥ˠˬʡ

ˁ˔˦˭˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˖˘˖˛˨˝˘ ˦˧˔˥˔ˡˡˢΝ͙ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˔ ˘˦˧˘˧ˬ˞˔ʡ ˂˙˘˥˨˝˘ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˨
˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˠ˜ˡ˜ˠ˔˟˜˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˪ ˞ˢ˟ˢ˥ˬ˦˧ˬ˖˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˝˔˭ˡ˘˝ ˗˟˔ ˢ˞˔ ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˗ˢ˦˞ˢˡ˔˟˘ ˣˢ˕˨˗˭͗
ˡ˔˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˞˟˜˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˢ˧˔˖˭˔˝͗˖˘˚ˢ ˜˖˛ Ν˪˜˔˧˔ʡ

ʷˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˢ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˭˗ˢ˟ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˠ˔ˡ˨˔˟ˡ˘ ʟ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˜ ˨˖˭͗ ˞ˢˡ˖˘ˡ˧˥˔˖˝˜
˦͗ ˣˢˠˢ˖ˡ˘ ˪ ˡ˔˨˖˘ ˣ˜˦˔ˡ˜˔ ʟ ˟˜˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˖˭ˬ˧˔ˡ˜˔ʡ

ˊ ˊ ˡ˔˦˭˘˝ ˦˭˘˥ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˢ˙˘˥˖˜˘ ˭ˡ˔˝˗͗ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˗˟˔ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˚˥˨ˣ ˪˜˘˞ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʭ ˢ˗
ˡˢ˪ˢ˥ˢ˗˞˔ ˣ˥˭˘˭ ˢ˞˥˘˦ ˡ˜˘ˠˢ˪˟ͩ˖ˬ ˜ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬ ˔κ ˗ˢ ˘˧˔ˣ˨ ˪˖˭˘˦ˡˢ˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡ˘˚ˢʡ
ʶˢ ˡ˔˟˘κˬ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ ˢ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˔˖˛ʲ

ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˘ ˭ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ ˖˛˔˥˔˞˧˘˥ˬ˭˨˝͗ ˦˜ͩ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪͗ ˧˥˪˔·ˢΝ˖˜͗ ˜ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˪˜˘˥˔˝͗
˦˭˞ˢ˗˟˜˪ˬ˖˛ ˦˨˕˦˧˔ˡ˖˝˜ʡ ˇˢ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˪˔κˡ˘ʟ ˦˭˖˭˘˚ͅ˟ˡ˜˘ ˪ ˣ˜˘˥˪˦˭ˬˠ ˢ˞˥˘˦˜˘ κˬ˖˜˔ʟ ˪ ˞˧ͅ˥ˬˠ
ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˬ ˠ˔˝͗ ˧˘ˡ˗˘ˡ˖˝ͩ ˗ˢ ˪˞·˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘˚ˢ ˗ˢ ˕˨˭˜ʡ ˂˕˘˖ˡ˜˘ ˪ ˦˞˟˘ˣ˔˖˛ ˭ˡ˔˟˘θ͙
ˠˢκˡ˔ ˦˭˘˥ˢ˞͗ ˚˔ˠͩ ˭˔˕˔˪˘˞ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˭ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ʡ ˊ ˧˥˔˞˖˜˘ ˭˔˞˨ˣ˨ ˡ˔˝˟˘ˣ˜˘˝ ˞˜˘˥ˢ˪˔͙
˦˜ͩ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜͗ϛ ˧˔Ή˦˭˘ ˘˚˭˘ˠˣ˟˔˥˭˘ ˠˢ˚͗ ˠ˜˘͙ ˭˔˗˭˜ˢ˥ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˢ˦˧˥˘ ˞˥˔˪ͩ˗˭˜˘ʡ ˁ˔˟˘κˬ
ˣ˔ˠ˜ͩ˧˔͙ʟ κ˘ ˢ˗ˣˢ˪˜˘˗ˡ˜ˢ ˗ˢ˕˥˔ˡ˔ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˔ʟ ˧ˢ ˧˔˞˔ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˣ˘·ˡ˜ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ͩ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˖˭͗ ˢ˥˔˭
˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡ͗ʟ ˔ ˗ˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˢ ˦ˣ˘·ˡ˜˔ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘ ˢ˕ˢ˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖˘ ˡˢ˥ˠˬ ˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭˘Ή˦˧˪˔ʡ
ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ʟ˔˕˔˪˞˜ʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˧˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ʟ ˣˢ˪˜ˡˡˬ ˕ˬ͙ ˗ˢˣ˔˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˜ˡ˗ˬ˪˜˗˨˔˟ˡ˜˘ʟ ˪ ˭˔˟˘κˡˢΝ˖˜ ˢ˗
ˍ
˪˜˘˞˨ ˜ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ʡ ˁ˔˝˕˔˥˗˭˜˘˝ ˨ˡ˜˪˘˥˦˔˟ˡ͗ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪˞͗ʟ ˭ ˝˔˞͗ ˦ˣˢ˧˞˔˝͗ ˦˜ͩ
˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪ ˦˞˟˘ˣ˔˖˛ʟ ˦͗ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ʡ

ʷ˟˔˖˭˘˚ˢ ˪˔˥˧ˢ ˞˨ˣˢ˪˔͙ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ˢˠ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ʲ
ʷ˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˢ˗˚˥ˬ˪˔˝͗ ˪˔κˡ͗ ˥ˢ˟ͩ ˪ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡˬˠ ˜ ˨ˠˬ˦·ˢ˪ˬˠ
ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˡ˜ˠ ˗˭˜˘˖˞ˢ ˕ͩ˗˭˜˘ ˠˢ˚·ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔͙ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ˖˜
˦˔ˠˢ˗˭˜˘˟ˡ˘˚ˢ ˜ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔ʡ ˃ˢ˗˖˭˔˦ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡˬˠ˜
˞˟ˢ˖˞˔ˠ˜ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ ˠ˨˦˜ ˪ˬ˞˔˭˔͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪͗ ˣ˥˘˖ˬ˭˝͗ ˥˨˖˛ˢ˪͗ʟ ˣˢˡ˜˘˪˔κ
ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔˝˗˥ˢ˕ˡ˜˘˝˦˭˘ ˭˔˪˔˛˔ˡ˜˘ ˗·ˢˡ˜ ˠˢκ˘ ˗ˢˣ˥ˢ˪˔˗˭˜͙ ˗ˢ ˥ˢ˭˦ˬˣ˔ˡ˜˔ ˖˔·˘˝
˞
˞ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ʡ ˊ˔˥˧ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˞ͩʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔ ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ʡ ˊ˔˥˧ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˞ͩʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔
˪˖˭˘˦ˡˬˠ ˘˧˔ˣ˜˘ ˡ˜˘ˠˢ˪˟ͩ˖ˬˠʟ ˞˜˘˗ˬ ˧ˢ ˦˔ˠ˘ ˭·˔ˣ˔ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˦˧˔ˡˢ˪˜ ˡ˜˘ ˟˔˗˔
˪ˬ˭˪˔ˡ˜˘ʡ ʷ˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˡ˜˘ ˠ˔˝͗ Ν˖˜Ν˟˘ ˢ˞˥˘Ν˟ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝˜ʟ ˗˟˔˧˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˗˖˭˔˦ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ
ˠˢ˚͗ ˕ˬ͙ ˗ˢ˦·ˢ˪ˡ˜˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜ˠ ʠ ˝˘˗ˬˡˬ ˢ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖˭ˡ˜˞ ˦˧˔ˡˢ˪˜ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜˔ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʡ












ʷˈʷʼʷˈ
˨˟ʡ ˊ˜˔˥˨˦˔ ʧʧʢʦʤʟ ʦʥʠʣʫʪ ˍʼʸʿ˂ˁʾʼ
ˇ˘˟˘˙ˢˡʭ ʞʧʫ ʩʩʩ ʩʧʦ ʬʬʦ
˜ˡ˙ˢʳ˗˨˗˜˗˨ʡˣ˟
˪˪˪ʡ˗˨˗˜˗˨ʡˣ˟

Μˊʼʴˇ ʷ˅ʸˊˁʼʴˁˌʶʻ ˍʴʵʴˊʸʾʡ

ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˘ ˭ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ʡ ʵ˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ʟ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔˝͗˖˘
˖˘˥˧ˬ˙˜˞˔˧ˬ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˜ ˦ˣ˘·ˡ˜˔˝͗˖˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘ ˡˢ˥ˠˬʡ

ˁ˔˦˭˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˖˘˖˛˨˝˘ ˦˧˔˥˔ˡˡˢΝ͙ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˔ ˘˦˧˘˧ˬ˞˔ʡ ˂˙˘˥˨˝˘ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˨
˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˠ˜ˡ˜ˠ˔˟˜˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˪ ˞ˢ˟ˢ˥ˬ˦˧ˬ˖˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˝˔˭ˡ˘˝ ˗˟˔ ˢ˞˔ ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˗ˢ˦˞ˢˡ˔˟˘ ˣˢ˕˨˗˭͗
ˡ˔˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˞˟˜˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˢ˧˔˖˭˔˝͗˖˘˚ˢ ˜˖˛ Ν˪˜˔˧˔ʡ

ʷˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˢ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˭˗ˢ˟ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˠ˔ˡ˨˔˟ˡ˘ ʟ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˜ ˨˖˭͗ ˞ˢˡ˖˘ˡ˧˥˔˖˝˜
˦͗ ˣˢˠˢ˖ˡ˘ ˪ ˡ˔˨˖˘ ˣ˜˦˔ˡ˜˔ ʟ ˟˜˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˖˭ˬ˧˔ˡ˜˔ʡ

ˊ ˊ ˡ˔˦˭˘˝ ˦˭˘˥ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˢ˙˘˥˖˜˘ ˭ˡ˔˝˗͗ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˗˟˔ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˚˥˨ˣ ˪˜˘˞ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʭ ˢ˗
ˡˢ˪ˢ˥ˢ˗˞˔ ˣ˥˭˘˭ ˢ˞˥˘˦ ˡ˜˘ˠˢ˪˟ͩ˖ˬ ˜ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬ ˔κ ˗ˢ ˘˧˔ˣ˨ ˪˖˭˘˦ˡˢ˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡ˘˚ˢʡ
ʶˢ ˡ˔˟˘κˬ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ ˢ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˔˖˛ʲ

ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˘ ˭ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ ˖˛˔˥˔˞˧˘˥ˬ˭˨˝͗ ˦˜ͩ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪͗ ˧˥˪˔·ˢΝ˖˜͗ ˜ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˪˜˘˥˔˝͗
˦˭˞ˢ˗˟˜˪ˬ˖˛ ˦˨˕˦˧˔ˡ˖˝˜ʡ ˇˢ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˪˔κˡ˘ʟ ˦˭˖˭˘˚ͅ˟ˡ˜˘ ˪ ˣ˜˘˥˪˦˭ˬˠ ˢ˞˥˘˦˜˘ κˬ˖˜˔ʟ ˪ ˞˧ͅ˥ˬˠ
ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˬ ˠ˔˝͗ ˧˘ˡ˗˘ˡ˖˝ͩ ˗ˢ ˪˞·˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘˚ˢ ˗ˢ ˕˨˭˜ʡ ˂˕˘˖ˡ˜˘ ˪ ˦˞˟˘ˣ˔˖˛ ˭ˡ˔˟˘θ͙
ˠˢκˡ˔ ˦˭˘˥ˢ˞͗ ˚˔ˠͩ ˭˔˕˔˪˘˞ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˭ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˔ʡ ˊ ˧˥˔˞˖˜˘ ˭˔˞˨ˣ˨ ˡ˔˝˟˘ˣ˜˘˝ ˞˜˘˥ˢ˪˔͙
˦˜ͩ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜͗ϛ ˧˔Ή˦˭˘ ˘˚˭˘ˠˣ˟˔˥˭˘ ˠˢ˚͗ ˠ˜˘͙ ˭˔˗˭˜ˢ˥ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˢ˦˧˥˘ ˞˥˔˪ͩ˗˭˜˘ʡ ˁ˔˟˘κˬ
ˣ˔ˠ˜ͩ˧˔͙ʟ κ˘ ˢ˗ˣˢ˪˜˘˗ˡ˜ˢ ˗ˢ˕˥˔ˡ˔ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˔ʟ ˧ˢ ˧˔˞˔ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˣ˘·ˡ˜ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ͩ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˖˭͗ ˢ˥˔˭
˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡ͗ʟ ˔ ˗ˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˢ ˦ˣ˘·ˡ˜˔ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜˘ ˢ˕ˢ˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖˘ ˡˢ˥ˠˬ ˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭˘Ή˦˧˪˔ʡ
ˍ˔˕˔˪˞˜ʟ˔˕˔˪˞˜ʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˧˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ʟ ˣˢ˪˜ˡˡˬ ˕ˬ͙ ˗ˢˣ˔˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˜ˡ˗ˬ˪˜˗˨˔˟ˡ˜˘ʟ ˪ ˭˔˟˘κˡˢΝ˖˜ ˢ˗
ˍ
˪˜˘˞˨ ˜ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ʡ ˁ˔˝˕˔˥˗˭˜˘˝ ˨ˡ˜˪˘˥˦˔˟ˡ͗ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪˞͗ʟ ˭ ˝˔˞͗ ˦ˣˢ˧˞˔˝͗ ˦˜ͩ
˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪ ˦˞˟˘ˣ˔˖˛ʟ ˦͗ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ʡ

ʷ˟˔˖˭˘˚ˢ ˪˔˥˧ˢ ˞˨ˣˢ˪˔͙ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ˢˠ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ʲ
ʷ˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˢ˗˚˥ˬ˪˔˝͗ ˪˔κˡ͗ ˥ˢ˟ͩ ˪ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡˬˠ ˜ ˨ˠˬ˦·ˢ˪ˬˠ
ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˡ˜ˠ ˗˭˜˘˖˞ˢ ˕ͩ˗˭˜˘ ˠˢ˚·ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔͙ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ˖˜
˦˔ˠˢ˗˭˜˘˟ˡ˘˚ˢ ˜ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔ʡ ˃ˢ˗˖˭˔˦ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡˬˠ˜
˞˟ˢ˖˞˔ˠ˜ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ ˠ˨˦˜ ˪ˬ˞˔˭˔͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪͗ ˣ˥˘˖ˬ˭˝͗ ˥˨˖˛ˢ˪͗ʟ ˣˢˡ˜˘˪˔κ
ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔˝˗˥ˢ˕ˡ˜˘˝˦˭˘ ˭˔˪˔˛˔ˡ˜˘ ˗·ˢˡ˜ ˠˢκ˘ ˗ˢˣ˥ˢ˪˔˗˭˜͙ ˗ˢ ˥ˢ˭˦ˬˣ˔ˡ˜˔ ˖˔·˘˝
˞
˞ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ʡ ˊ˔˥˧ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˞ͩʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔ ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ʡ ˊ˔˥˧ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˗˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˠˢ˧ˢ˥ˬ˞ͩʟ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˡ˔
˪˖˭˘˦ˡˬˠ ˘˧˔ˣ˜˘ ˡ˜˘ˠˢ˪˟ͩ˖ˬˠʟ ˞˜˘˗ˬ ˧ˢ ˦˔ˠ˘ ˭·˔ˣ˔ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˕˔˪˞˜ ˦˧˔ˡˢ˪˜ ˡ˜˘ ˟˔˗˔
˪ˬ˭˪˔ˡ˜˘ʡ ʷ˥˘˪ˡ˜˔ˡ˘ ˞˟ˢ˖˞˜ ˡ˜˘ ˠ˔˝͗ Ν˖˜Ν˟˘ ˢ˞˥˘Ν˟ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝˜ʟ ˗˟˔˧˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˗˖˭˔˦ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ
ˠˢ˚͗ ˕ˬ͙ ˗ˢ˦·ˢ˪ˡ˜˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜ˠ ʠ ˝˘˗ˬˡˬ ˢ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖˭ˡ˜˞ ˦˧˔ˡˢ˪˜ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜˔ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʡ












ʷˈʷʼʷˈ
˨˟ʡ ˊ˜˔˥˨˦˔ ʧʧʢʦʤʟ ʦʥʠʣʫʪ ˍʼʸʿ˂ˁʾʼ
ˇ˘˟˘˙ˢˡʭ ʞʧʫ ʩʩʩ ʩʧʦ ʬʬʦ
˜ˡ˙ˢʳ˗˨˗˜˗˨ʡˣ˟
˪˪˪ʡ˗˨˗˜˗˨ʡˣ˟

ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ʠ ˧ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ ˭˔ˣ˥ˢ˝˘˞˧ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ʡ Ά͗˖˭ˬ ˢˡ
˭˔˕˔˪˞ͩ ˠ˔ˡ˜ˣ˨˟˔˖ˬ˝ˡ͗ʟ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗˖͗ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˠ˔ˡ˨˔˟ˡ˘ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʟ ˭
ˢ˭˗ˢ˕ˡˬˠ ˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧˘ˠʟ ˪˭˕ˢ˚˔˖˔˝͗˖ˬˠ ˔˥˔ˡκ˔˖˝˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷˢ
˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˜˔ ˢ˦·ˢˡˬ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ˭˔˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˣ·ˬ˧˔ ˀʷʹ ˢ ˚˥˨˕ˢΝ˖˜ ʤʥˠˠʟ
˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˪ˬ˞ˢΉ˖˭ˢˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˟˔˞˜˘˥˘ˠ ˔˞˥ˬ˟ˢ˪ˬˠʟ ˪ ˪ˬ˕˥˔ˡˬˠ ˞ˢ˟ˢ˥˭˘ʟ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘
˘˞ˢ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡˬˠ ˜ ˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡˬˠ ˣ˥˭ˬ ˞ˢˡ˧˔˞˖˜˘ ˭ ˗˭˜˘͙ˠ˜ʡ
˃
˃˥ˢˣˢˡˢ˪˔ˡ˘˥ˢˣˢˡˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˣ˥˭˘˭ ˡ˔˦ ˪˭ˢ˥ˬ ˦͗ ˧˔˞ ˭˔ˣ˥ˢ˝˘˞˧ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˔˕ˬ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˜ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔˟˜ ˭
ˡ˜˖˛ ˝˔˞ ˡ˔˝˪˜ͩ˖˘˝ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ ˜ ˥˔˗ˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˔ ˣ˥˭ˬ ˧ˬˠ ˕ˬ·ˬ ˗˟˔ ˡ˜˖˛ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘
˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘ʡ

ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˭˔˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʟ ˭˔˦·˔ˡ˜˔ˠˬ ˜ ˨˔˧˥˔˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˜˔ˠˬ ˠ˔·ˢ ˘˦˧˘˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ
˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧ ˣˢˠ˜˘˦˭˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ʟ ˝˔˞˜ˠ ˝˘˦˧ ˚˥˭˘˝ˡ˜˞ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˢ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖˭˔ˠˬ ˗ˢ˦˧ͩˣ ˡ˔˦˭ˬ˖˛
ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˗ˢ ˡ˜˘˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˗˟˔ ˡ˜˖˛ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘ˡ˜˔ʡ




˨˟ʡ ʵˢ˥ˬ˦˭˘˪˦˞˔ ʤʧ˔ ˯ ʣʬʠʧʣʬ ˃·ˢ˖˞ ˯ ˇ˘˟ʭ ʩʬʧ ʬʩʣ ʦʣʣ ˯ ˕˜˨˥ˢʳ˩˜˦˧ˬ˟ˢʡˣ˟



˂ˣ˥ͅ˖˭ ˧˥˔˗ˬ˖ˬ˝ˡ˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖˘˚ˢʟ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ˠˢκˡ˔ ˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔͙
˧˔˞κ˘ ˪ κ·ˢ˕˞˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟˔˖˛ ˢ˥˔˭ ˜ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪˞˔˖˛ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡˢʠˢˣ˜˘˞˨Ή˖˭ˬ˖˛ʡ







































˂˦·ˢˡ˔ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʟ ˗˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˡ˔˦˭ˬˠ ˨ˡ˜˪˘˥˦˔˟ˡˬˠ ˠˢ˖ˢ˪˔ˡ˜ˢˠʟ ˠˢκ˘ ˕ˬΝ ˣˢ˪˜˘˦˭ˢˡ˔
˕˘˭ˣˢΝ˥˘˗ˡ˜ˢ ˡ˔ ˚˥˭˘˝ˡ˜˞˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ˞˔κ˗˘˚ˢ ˧ˬˣ˨ʡ ˀˢκ˘ˠˬ ˧˘κ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔͙ ˗˟˔ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˔
ˢ˕˨˗ˢ˪ͩ ˣ˘·ˡ͗ʠˠ˘˕˟ˢ˪͗ ʛ˭ ˕ˢ˞˔ˠ˜ ˜ ˣ˔˥˔ˣ˘˧˘ˠʜ ˜ ˭ ˢ˧˪˜˘˥˔ˡˬˠ ˙˥ˢˡ˧˘ˠ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʡ

ˊˊˊʡˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ʡ˃ʿ

ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ʠ ˧ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ ˭˔ˣ˥ˢ˝˘˞˧ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ʡ Ά͗˖˭ˬ ˢˡ
˭˔˕˔˪˞ͩ ˠ˔ˡ˜ˣ˨˟˔˖ˬ˝ˡ͗ʟ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗˖͗ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˠ˔ˡ˨˔˟ˡ˘ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʟ ˭
ˢ˭˗ˢ˕ˡˬˠ ˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧˘ˠʟ ˪˭˕ˢ˚˔˖˔˝͗˖ˬˠ ˔˥˔ˡκ˔˖˝˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷˢ
˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ˡ˜˔ ˢ˦·ˢˡˬ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ˭˔˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˣ·ˬ˧˔ ˀʷʹ ˢ ˚˥˨˕ˢΝ˖˜ ʤʥˠˠʟ
˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˪ˬ˞ˢΉ˖˭ˢˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˟˔˞˜˘˥˘ˠ ˔˞˥ˬ˟ˢ˪ˬˠʟ ˪ ˪ˬ˕˥˔ˡˬˠ ˞ˢ˟ˢ˥˭˘ʟ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘
˘˞ˢ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡˬˠ ˜ ˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡˬˠ ˣ˥˭ˬ ˞ˢˡ˧˔˞˖˜˘ ˭ ˗˭˜˘͙ˠ˜ʡ
˃
˃˥ˢˣˢˡˢ˪˔ˡ˘˥ˢˣˢˡˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˣ˥˭˘˭ ˡ˔˦ ˪˭ˢ˥ˬ ˦͗ ˧˔˞ ˭˔ˣ˥ˢ˝˘˞˧ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˔˕ˬ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˜ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔˟˜ ˭
ˡ˜˖˛ ˝˔˞ ˡ˔˝˪˜ͩ˖˘˝ ˭˔˕˔˪ˬ ˜ ˥˔˗ˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˔ ˣ˥˭ˬ ˧ˬˠ ˕ˬ·ˬ ˗˟˔ ˡ˜˖˛ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘
˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘ʡ

ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˭˔˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʟ ˭˔˦·˔ˡ˜˔ˠˬ ˜ ˨˔˧˥˔˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˜˔ˠˬ ˠ˔·ˢ ˘˦˧˘˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ
˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧ ˣˢˠ˜˘˦˭˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ʟ ˝˔˞˜ˠ ˝˘˦˧ ˚˥˭˘˝ˡ˜˞ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˢ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖˭˔ˠˬ ˗ˢ˦˧ͩˣ ˡ˔˦˭ˬ˖˛
ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˗ˢ ˡ˜˘˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˗˟˔ ˡ˜˖˛ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘ˡ˜˔ʡ




˨˟ʡ ʵˢ˥ˬ˦˭˘˪˦˞˔ ʤʧ˔ ˯ ʣʬʠʧʣʬ ˃·ˢ˖˞ ˯ ˇ˘˟ʭ ʩʬʧ ʬʩʣ ʦʣʣ ˯ ˕˜˨˥ˢʳ˩˜˦˧ˬ˟ˢʡˣ˟



˂ˣ˥ͅ˖˭ ˧˥˔˗ˬ˖ˬ˝ˡ˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖˘˚ˢʟ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˧ˬ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆ ˠˢκˡ˔ ˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔͙
˧˔˞κ˘ ˪ κ·ˢ˕˞˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟˔˖˛ ˢ˥˔˭ ˜ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪˞˔˖˛ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡˢʠˢˣ˜˘˞˨Ή˖˭ˬ˖˛ʡ







































˂˦·ˢˡ˔ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʟ ˗˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˡ˔˦˭ˬˠ ˨ˡ˜˪˘˥˦˔˟ˡˬˠ ˠˢ˖ˢ˪˔ˡ˜ˢˠʟ ˠˢκ˘ ˕ˬΝ ˣˢ˪˜˘˦˭ˢˡ˔
˕˘˭ˣˢΝ˥˘˗ˡ˜ˢ ˡ˔ ˚˥˭˘˝ˡ˜˞˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ˞˔κ˗˘˚ˢ ˧ˬˣ˨ʡ ˀˢκ˘ˠˬ ˧˘κ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔͙ ˗˟˔ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˔
ˢ˕˨˗ˢ˪ͩ ˣ˘·ˡ͗ʠˠ˘˕˟ˢ˪͗ ʛ˭ ˕ˢ˞˔ˠ˜ ˜ ˣ˔˥˔ˣ˘˧˘ˠʜ ˜ ˭ ˢ˧˪˜˘˥˔ˡˬˠ ˙˥ˢˡ˧˘ˠ ˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ ʾʼʷˆʡ

ˊˊˊʡˉʼˆˇˌʿ˂ʡ˃ʿ





sü•‚öĬæöË 9êÄ¤ËąÞº‚ æË āËÂËö‚ ×˽޺‚ ËĈüĂ Þי·‚½¬ā귉‚ Þ¬¢ ö öü•‚ö‚Ĭê
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ā º½‚Þüº‰ ½¬æ™Ú‚æêÚü •ā¬™¬¢™·




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9êĤɬËąɬÞº‚ •üæ‚ 9êĤËöÞº‚ ]×Ɍ;Ɍ ºÞ¬¢¤‚ÚĬ‚© Ëڂā ĂɆ
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ˀ˔ˠˬ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʥʣʣ ˧ˬ˧˨·ͅ˪ ˭ ˡ˔˝˥ͅκˡ˜˘˝˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˗˭˜˘˗˭˜ˡʡ ˆ͗ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˞˜ ˭˔˥ͅ˪ˡˢ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʟ ˝˔˞ ˜ ˗˟˔ ˗ˢ˥ˢ˦·ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ͅ˪ʡ

˂˙˘˥˧˔ ˦˞˜˘˥ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ ˗ˢ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˝˘˦˧ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˥ͅκˡˢ˥ˢ˗ˡ˔ʡ ˆ˞·˔˗˔˝͗ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔ ˡ˜͗ ˭˕˜ˢ˥ˬ ˕˔˝˘˞ʟ ˕˔Νˡ˜ʟ ˟˘˚˘ˡ˗ ˜ ˪˜˘˥˦˭ˬʟ
˔ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˘ˡ˖ˬ˞˟ˢˣ˘˗˜˘ ˜ ˞˦˜͗κ˞˜ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡ˘ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˪ ˪˜˘˞˨ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬˠ ˜ ˪˖˭˘˦ˡˢ˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬˠʡ

ʷˢ˥ˢ˦·ˬˠ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ˢˠ ˣˢ˟˘˖˔ˠˬ ˔˟˕˨ˠˬ ˞˥˔˝ˢ˭ˡ˔˪˖˭˘ ˜ ˧˘ˠ˔˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ʟ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜ ˗ˢ˧ˬ˖˭͗˖˘ ˦˧ˬ˟˨ κˬ˖˜˔ ˜ ˢ˚˥ˢ˗ˡ˜˖˧˪˔ʟ
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