MP Interatletika

˂˙˘˥˨˝˘ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˨ʭ



ϥ ˪˦˭˘˟˞˜˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪ ˭˔˕˔˪ ʛ˭˝˘κ˗κ˔˟ˡ˜˘ʟ ˣ˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˘ʟ ˕˨˝˔˞˜ʟ ˘˧˖ʜʮ
ϥ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʩʣ ˧ˬˣͅ˪ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘Ή ˗˟˔ ˦˜·ˢ˪ˡ˜ ˣ˟˘ˡ˘˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʮ
ϥ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˦˧˔˗˜ˢˡͅ˪ʮ
ϥ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧ ˗ˢ ˨ˣ˥˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˥ͅκˡ˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˝ʮ
ϥ ˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧ˬ ˠ˔·˘˝ ˔˥˖˛˜˧˘˞˧˨˥ˬʡ










































ˇ˘˟ʡʭ ʞʧʫ ʥʥ ʥʬ ʬʩ ʣʬʪʟ ˜ˡ˙ˢʳ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟
˪˪˪ʡ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟

ʵ˨˝˔˞ ˦˔ˠˢ˖˛ˢ˗˭˜˞ ʕʷκ˜ˣʕ
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʥʣʨ








ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˁˢ˩˔ ˦ˣʡ ˭ ˢʡ ˢʡ ˝˘˦˧ ˢ˙˜˖˝˔˟ˡˬˠ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˧˔˪˜˖˜˘˟˘ˠ ˞ˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ˨ ʼˡ˧˘˥ ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔
˪ ˈˡ˜˜ ʸ˨˥ˢˣ˘˝˦˞˜˘˝ʡ

ʼˡ˧˘˥ ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˧ˢ ˨˞˥˔˜Ή˦˞˜ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧˨ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˢ˥˔˭ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘Ή ˗ˢ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪
˭˔˕˔˪ʡ ʾˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ ˢ˗ ˪˜˘˟˨ ˟˔˧ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˖˭ˢ·ˢ˪˘ ˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˡ˔ ˨˞˥˔˜Ή˦˞˜ˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧˨
˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˚ˢʡ

ˁ˔˦˭ˬˠ ˚·ͅ˪ˡˬˠ ˖˘˟˘ˠ ˝˘˦˧ ˣˢˣ˨˟˔˥ˬ˭˔˖˝˔ ˭˗˥ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˧˥ˬ˕˨ κˬ˖˜˔ʡ
ʵ˨˝˔˞ ˡ˔ ˦ˣ˥ͩκˬˡ˜˘ ʕˊ˜˘˟ˢ˥ˬ˕ʕ
ˁ
ˁ˔˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ ˪˦ˣͅ·ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˭ ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠ͗ ˭ˬ˦˞˨˝˘˖˜˘ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪˜˔˥ˬ˚ˢ˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˞ˢˡ˧˥˔˛˘ˡ˧˔ʟ ˔˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ ˪˦ˣͅ·ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˭ ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠ͗ ˭ˬ˦˞˨˝˘˖˜˘ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪˜˔˥ˬ˚ˢ˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˞ˢˡ˧˥˔˛˘ˡ˧˔ʟ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʥʦʦ
˞˧ͅ˥ˬ ˢ˗ ʥʣ ˟˔˧ ˖˜˘˦˭ˬ ˦˜ͩ ˭˔˨˙˔ˡ˜˘ˠ ʾ˟˜˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ


˂˙˘˥˨˝˘ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˨ʭ


ϥ ˪˦˭˘˟˞˜˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪ ˭˔˕˔˪ ʛ˭˝˘κ˗κ˔˟ˡ˜˘ʟ ˣ˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˘ʟ ˕˨˝˔˞˜ʟ ˘˧˖ʜʮ
ϥ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʩʣ ˧ˬˣͅ˪ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘Ή ˗˟˔ ˦˜·ˢ˪ˡ˜ ˣ˟˘ˡ˘˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʮ
ϥ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˦˧˔˗˜ˢˡͅ˪ʮ
ϥ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧ ˗ˢ ˨ˣ˥˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˥ͅκˡ˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˝ʮ
ˊ˔˛˔˖˭ ˗˨κˬ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʥʤʦ
ϥ ˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧ˬ ˠ˔·˘˝ ˔˥˖˛˜˧˘˞˧˨˥ˬʡ



˃˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˔ʠ˗ˢˠ˘˞
ʕʶ˛˔˧˞˔ʕ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʦʥʤ
Ά˔˪˞˔ ˣͅ·ˢ˞˥͗˚·˔ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ʿ˃ʣʤʥ



Ά˔˪˞˔ ˣ˔˥˞ˢ˪˔
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ʿ˃ʣʤʦ
















ˀ˜˞˥ˢ˕˨˦
Άˢ˞ˢˠˢ˧ˬ˪˔ ˭ ˪˔˚ˢˡ˜˞˔ˠ˜ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʨʤʤ
˃˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˔ ˭˘ ˭˝˘κ˗κ˔˟ˡ˜͗ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʨʣʦ
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʦʤʥ
ˈ˙˔ˠˬʟ κ˘ ˦ˣ˥ˢ˦˧˔ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˔ ˪ˬˠ˔˚˔ˡ˜ˢˠ ˜ ˭˔˗ˢ˪ˢ˟˘ˡ˜ ˭ ˭˔˞˨ˣͅ˪ ˣˢ˪˥ͅ˖˜˖˜˘
˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˗ˢ ˡ˔˦ ˪ ˣ˥˭ˬ˦˭·ˢΝ˖˜ʡ
˪˪˪ʡ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟

ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˁˢ˩˔ ˆˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ ˨˟ʡ ˆ˧˔ˡ˜˘˪˜˖˞˔ ʤʧ ˟ˢ˞ʡ ʥʤʤʟ ʣʦʠʦʤʣ ˊ˔˥˦˭˔˪˔ʟ ʞʧʫ ʥʥ ʥʬ ʬʩ ʣʬʪʟ ˜ˡ˙ˢʳ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟ʟ ˃ˡʡʠ˃˧ʡʭ ʫʭʣʣ ʠ ʤʩʭʣʣʟ ˆ˕ʡʟˁ˗ʡʭ ʠ ˡ˜˘˖˭ˬˡˡ˘

ʵ˨˝˔˞ ˦˔ˠˢ˖˛ˢ˗˭˜˞ ʕʷκ˜ˣʕ
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʥʣʨ








ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˁˢ˩˔ ˦ˣʡ ˭ ˢʡ ˢʡ ˝˘˦˧ ˢ˙˜˖˝˔˟ˡˬˠ ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˧˔˪˜˖˜˘˟˘ˠ ˞ˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ˨ ʼˡ˧˘˥ ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔
˪ ˈˡ˜˜ ʸ˨˥ˢˣ˘˝˦˞˜˘˝ʡ

ʼˡ˧˘˥ ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˧ˢ ˨˞˥˔˜Ή˦˞˜ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧˨ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˢ˥˔˭ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘Ή ˗ˢ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪
˭˔˕˔˪ʡ ʾˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ ˢ˗ ˪˜˘˟˨ ˟˔˧ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˖˭ˢ·ˢ˪˘ ˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˡ˔ ˨˞˥˔˜Ή˦˞˜ˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧˨
˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˚ˢʡ

ˁ˔˦˭ˬˠ ˚·ͅ˪ˡˬˠ ˖˘˟˘ˠ ˝˘˦˧ ˣˢˣ˨˟˔˥ˬ˭˔˖˝˔ ˭˗˥ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˧˥ˬ˕˨ κˬ˖˜˔ʡ
ʵ˨˝˔˞ ˡ˔ ˦ˣ˥ͩκˬˡ˜˘ ʕˊ˜˘˟ˢ˥ˬ˕ʕ
ˁ
ˁ˔˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ ˪˦ˣͅ·ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˭ ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠ͗ ˭ˬ˦˞˨˝˘˖˜˘ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪˜˔˥ˬ˚ˢ˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˞ˢˡ˧˥˔˛˘ˡ˧˔ʟ ˔˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ ˪˦ˣͅ·ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˭ ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠ͗ ˭ˬ˦˞˨˝˘˖˜˘ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˪˜˔˥ˬ˚ˢ˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˞ˢˡ˧˥˔˛˘ˡ˧˔ʟ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʥʦʦ
˞˧ͅ˥ˬ ˢ˗ ʥʣ ˟˔˧ ˖˜˘˦˭ˬ ˦˜ͩ ˭˔˨˙˔ˡ˜˘ˠ ʾ˟˜˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ


˂˙˘˥˨˝˘ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˨ʭ


ϥ ˪˦˭˘˟˞˜˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˣ˟˔˖ͅ˪ ˭˔˕˔˪ ʛ˭˝˘κ˗κ˔˟ˡ˜˘ʟ ˣ˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˘ʟ ˕˨˝˔˞˜ʟ ˘˧˖ʜʮ
ϥ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʩʣ ˧ˬˣͅ˪ ˨˥˭͗˗˭˘Ή ˗˟˔ ˦˜·ˢ˪ˡ˜ ˣ˟˘ˡ˘˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʮ
ϥ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˦˧˔˗˜ˢˡͅ˪ʮ
ϥ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧ ˗ˢ ˨ˣ˥˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˥ͅκˡ˘˚ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˔˝˨ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪˘˝ʮ
ˊ˔˛˔˖˭ ˗˨κˬ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʥʤʦ
ϥ ˘˟˘ˠ˘ˡ˧ˬ ˠ˔·˘˝ ˔˥˖˛˜˧˘˞˧˨˥ˬʡ



˃˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˔ʠ˗ˢˠ˘˞
ʕʶ˛˔˧˞˔ʕ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʦʥʤ
Ά˔˪˞˔ ˣͅ·ˢ˞˥͗˚·˔ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ʿ˃ʣʤʥ



Ά˔˪˞˔ ˣ˔˥˞ˢ˪˔
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ʿ˃ʣʤʦ
















ˀ˜˞˥ˢ˕˨˦
Άˢ˞ˢˠˢ˧ˬ˪˔ ˭ ˪˔˚ˢˡ˜˞˔ˠ˜ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʨʤʤ
˃˜˔˦˞ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˔ ˭˘ ˭˝˘κ˗κ˔˟ˡ˜͗ ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʸʨʣʦ
ʼˡ˧˘˥ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˇʦʤʥ
ˈ˙˔ˠˬʟ κ˘ ˦ˣ˥ˢ˦˧˔ˠˬ ˃˔Ή˦˧˪˔ ˪ˬˠ˔˚˔ˡ˜ˢˠ ˜ ˭˔˗ˢ˪ˢ˟˘ˡ˜ ˭ ˭˔˞˨ˣͅ˪ ˣˢ˪˥ͅ˖˜˖˜˘
˃˔Ή˦˧˪ˢ ˗ˢ ˡ˔˦ ˪ ˣ˥˭ˬ˦˭·ˢΝ˖˜ʡ
˪˪˪ʡ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟

ʴ˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ ˁˢ˩˔ ˆˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ ˨˟ʡ ˆ˧˔ˡ˜˘˪˜˖˞˔ ʤʧ ˟ˢ˞ʡ ʥʤʤʟ ʣʦʠʦʤʣ ˊ˔˥˦˭˔˪˔ʟ ʞʧʫ ʥʥ ʥʬ ʬʩ ʣʬʪʟ ˜ˡ˙ˢʳ˜ˡ˧˘˥˔˧˟˘˧˜˞˔ʡˣ˟ʟ ˃ˡʡʠ˃˧ʡʭ ʫʭʣʣ ʠ ʤʩʭʣʣʟ ˆ˕ʡʟˁ˗ʡʭ ʠ ˡ˜˘˖˭ˬˡˡ˘

3°ñē Ñ ñÝ°ã÷ĖÄȤ ÜüèôÄ ñçüôĖÄ»þÛļÑÄȩ



4ÑÄÜüèôÄ ã°÷ĖÄ ñôçÀþÜüē ñç÷Ñ°À°Û· ¼ÄôüēķÜ°ü øôçÀÜèđ ÀēÀ°Üüē¼Ėãē¼Ð Ė°Ýļ°ãē¼Ð Àç þęēüÜþ ÷ĖÜçÝãÄÎçȩ

ã°À°ãē ñôĖÄĖ 3ÑãÑ÷üô° ÀþÜ°¼ÛÑ 4°ôçÀçđÄÛ Ñ HñçôüþȮ


1DV]D RIHUWD WR SRPRFH G\GDNW\F]QH PDS\ V]NROQH PDS\ ǴFLHQQH SODQV]H HGXNDF\MQH SODQV]H MǗ]\NRZH WDEOLFH LQWHUDNW\ZQH
SURJUDP\ HGXNDF\MQH SRPRFH L JU\ SU]HGV]NROQH WDEOLFH G\GDNW\F]QH JOREXV\ RUD] ODPLQRZDQH PD’H IRUPDW\ SRGN’DGNL QD

ELXUNR :V]\VWNLH SODQV]H G\GDNW\F]QH L PDS\ Vnj REXVWURQQLH ODPLQRZDQH PDMnj G’XJnj Ȉ\ZRWQRǴǎ L ]DFKRZXMnj WUZD’RǴǎ NRORUyZ
































































HL# . NE8 EL -ôē÷üÑ°ã -çâ°ãÀÄô
8Àôçđ·ę þÝȩ XÑÄÛ÷Ü° Ƶƻ Ȥ ƸƻɎƷƵƺ èô°ęÀęÄ
üÄÝȩȣ ʖƸƼ ƻƻ Ƹƺƻƻ ƷƼƼȤ âç»ÑÝȣ ʖƸƼ ƹƴƶ ƹƶƸ ƺƼƽ
đđđȮâ°ñē÷ĖÜçÝãÄȮñÝ

3°ñē Ñ ñÝ°ã÷ĖÄȤ ÜüèôÄ ñçüôĖÄ»þÛļÑÄȩ



4ÑÄÜüèôÄ ã°÷ĖÄ ñôçÀþÜüē ñç÷Ñ°À°Û· ¼ÄôüēķÜ°ü øôçÀÜèđ ÀēÀ°Üüē¼Ėãē¼Ð Ė°Ýļ°ãē¼Ð Àç þęēüÜþ ÷ĖÜçÝãÄÎçȩ

ã°À°ãē ñôĖÄĖ 3ÑãÑ÷üô° ÀþÜ°¼ÛÑ 4°ôçÀçđÄÛ Ñ HñçôüþȮ


1DV]D RIHUWD WR SRPRFH G\GDNW\F]QH PDS\ V]NROQH PDS\ ǴFLHQQH SODQV]H HGXNDF\MQH SODQV]H MǗ]\NRZH WDEOLFH LQWHUDNW\ZQH
SURJUDP\ HGXNDF\MQH SRPRFH L JU\ SU]HGV]NROQH WDEOLFH G\GDNW\F]QH JOREXV\ RUD] ODPLQRZDQH PD’H IRUPDW\ SRGN’DGNL QD

ELXUNR :V]\VWNLH SODQV]H G\GDNW\F]QH L PDS\ Vnj REXVWURQQLH ODPLQRZDQH PDMnj G’XJnj Ȉ\ZRWQRǴǎ L ]DFKRZXMnj WUZD’RǴǎ NRORUyZ
































































HL# . NE8 EL -ôē÷üÑ°ã -çâ°ãÀÄô
8Àôçđ·ę þÝȩ XÑÄÛ÷Ü° Ƶƻ Ȥ ƸƻɎƷƵƺ èô°ęÀęÄ
üÄÝȩȣ ʖƸƼ ƻƻ Ƹƺƻƻ ƷƼƼȤ âç»ÑÝȣ ʖƸƼ ƹƴƶ ƹƶƸ ƺƼƽ
đđđȮâ°ñē÷ĖÜçÝãÄȮñÝ

đđđȩ÷ñôÑãÎÍôÄÄȩñÝ





























BÑÄôđ÷Ė° ÷â°ôü




üô°âñçÝÑã° ã° øđÑļÑÄȦ

















Hâ°ôü üô°âñçÝÑã° ɓ đ÷ñ°ãÑ°á° Ė°»°đ° Ñ Îđ°ô°ãüçđ°ãÄ »ÄĖñÑļĖÄä÷üđçȮ


4çđ°üçô÷ÜÑÄ ôçĖđÑ·Ė°ãÑ° Ñ »ÄĖñÑļĖãÄ ÷Ü°Ü°ãÑÄȮ


]°âÑ°÷ü ÷ñôÌęēã ñôÌüē Ė đáèÜã° ÷ĖÜÝ°ãÄÎç þâÑÄ÷Ė¼ĖçãÄ ÷· ñçÀ â°ü· Ñ ã°À

ô°â·Ȥ ñçĖ° Ė°÷ÑÌÎÑÄâ ÷Ü°¼Ė·¼ÄÛ ç÷ç»ēȩ E°â° ñôĖÄãÑÄ÷Ñçã° đ ü°ÜÑÄ âÑÄÛ÷¼ÄȤ
»ē ãÑÄ »ēá âçĖÝÑđē Üçãü°Üü Ė ãÑ· ñçÀ¼Ė°÷ ÷Ü°Ü°ãÑ°ȩ 3ÑÌÜÜ° Üô°đÌÀė â°üē
°»÷çô»þÛ·¼° ÄãÄôÎÑÌ Ñ °âçôüēĖþÛ·¼° þÀÄôĖÄãÑ°ȩ BçüđÑÄôÀĖçãçȤ ęÄ ÛÄ÷ü °ę Ʒƴ
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, = O V A Z V N K @ H K






η˥ͅ˗·ˢ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥ˬ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˠ˔˟ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˭˘˝ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˜ ˞ˢ·ˢ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ˢ˪˔ʟ ˡ˔ ˦˞˥˔˝˨
˟˔˦˨ ˆˢ˞ˢ˟ˡ˜˖˞˜˘˚ˢʡ ʶ˛ˢ͙ ˝˨κ ˆ˧˔ˡ˜˦·˔˪ ˆ˧˔˦˭˜˖ ˣ˜˦˔· ˢ ˧ˬˠ ˥˘˚˜ˢˡ˜˘ʟ κ˘ Ϣ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ
˭ ˖˔·͗ ˦˪ˢ˝͗ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˚·͗ ˢ˞ˢ˟˜˖͗ ˣˢ˗ ˢ˕˦˭˘˥ˡˬˠ ˜ ˪ˬˡ˜ˢ˦·ˬˠ ˪˭˚ͅ˥˭˘ˠʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ
ˡ˜˘˭˟˜˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˧˥ˬ˦˞˔˝͗ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ϡʟ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪˔ ˟˨˗ˡˢΝ͙ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˪˦˭˘ ˗ˢ˖˘ˡ˜˔·˔ʟ ˦˞˥ˬ˪˔ˡ˘ ˢ˗
˪˜˘˞ͅ˪ʟ ˡ˔˧˨˥˔˟ˡ˘ ˦˞˔˥˕ˬ ˢ˞ˢ˟˜˖ˬʡ
ˍ˕˜ˢ˥ˡ˜˞ʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ʟ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔˧ˢˠ˜˔˦˧ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨ ˕˜ˢ˥ˡ˜˞ʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ʟ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔˧ˢˠ˜˔˦˧ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨
ˍ
˪ˢ˗ˢˡˢΝˡ˘˚ˢ ˞˥˘˗ˬ ˗ˢ˟ˡ˘˝ʟ ˖ˢ ˢ˭ˡ˔˖˭˔ʟ κ˘ ˣˢ˪˦˧˔· ˢ˞ʡ ʤʥʣ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˔˧ ˧˘ˠ˨ʡ ˀˢκˡ˔ ˪˜ͩ˖
ˣˢ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˡ˔˦˭˘ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ ˦͗ ˦˧˔˥˦˭˘ ˢ˗ Ϣ˦˔ˠ˜˨Ν˞˜˖˛ ˇ˔˧˘˥ϡ ˢ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʥʣ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˔˧ʔ
˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ ˪ˬ˗ˢ˕ˬ˪˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˭ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ʧʪʦ ˠ˘˧˥ͅ˪ ˜ ˧ˢ ˪·˔Νˡ˜˘ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞ˢΝ͙ θ˥ͅ˗·˔
ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ ˃˂ʿˆʾʴ ˊ˂ʷʴ ˜˦˧ˡ˜˘˝˘ ˡ˔ ˣˢ˟˦˞˜ˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˢ˗ ʥʣʣʤ ˥ˢ˞˨ ˜ ˝˘˦˧ ˗˘˖ˬ˗˨˝˘ ˢ ˝˘˝ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʡ ˍ˔ˡ˜ˠ ˪ˢ˗˔ ˧˥˔˙˜ ˗ˢ ˕˨˧˘˟˞˜ʟ ˠ˨˦˜ ˣˢ˞ˢˡ˔͙ ˪˜˘˟˘
˖˭ͩΝ˖˜͗ ˪·ˢ˦˞˜˘˝ ˚˥˨ˣˬ ʴˤ˨˔ ˀ˜ˡ˘˥˔˟˘ ˆ˔ˡ ʵ˘ˡ˘˗˘˧˧ˢʡ ˍ˟ˢ˞˔˟˜˭ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ ˪˔˥˦˧˪ ˭˜˘ˠ˜ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗ ˪ ˝˘˝ ˡ˔˧˨˥˔˟ˡ˘˝ ˙˜˟˧˥˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˭˔˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭˔ ˝͗ ˣ˥˭˘˗
˪ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪ˢΝ˖˜ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˔ ˞ˢ·ˢ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ˢ˪˔ʟ ˪ ˢ˧˨˟˜ˡ˜˘ ˟˔˦ͅ˪ ˪ˣ·ˬ˪˘ˠ ˦˭˞ˢ˗˟˜˪ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬˡˡ˜˞ͅ˪ ˭˘˪ˡͩ˧˥˭ˡˬ˖˛ʡ
·ͩ˖˭ˬ˖˞˜˖˛ʟ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˜˘ θ˥ͅ˗˟˔ˡ͗ ˪ˢ˗ͩ ˭˘ θ˥ͅ˗˘· ˚·ͩ˕˜ˡˢ˪ˬ˖˛
ˢ ˗ˢ˦˞ˢˡ˔·˘˝ ˜˭ˢ˟˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˞˥ˬ˦˧˔˟˜˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˖˭ˬ˦˧ˢΝ˖˜ʡ

ˁˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡ˘ ˟˜ˡ˜˘ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˪ˡ˜˖˭˘ ˜ ˣ˥ˢ˖˘˦ˬ ˧˘˖˛ˡˢ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘ ˨ˠˢκ˟˜˪˜˔˝͗ ˡ˔ˠ
˕˨˧˘˟˞ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ʦʣʣ ʣʣʣ ʣʣʣ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˥ˢ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ʛ˗˔ˡ˘ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ʥʣʤʩʜʟ ˭ ˖˭˘˚ˢ ˨˧˘˟˞ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ʦʣʣ ʣʣʣ ʣʣʣ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˥ˢ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ʛ˗˔ˡ˘ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ʥʣʤʩʜʟ ˭ ˖˭˘˚ˢ
˕
ˣˢ·ˢ˪˔ ˧˥˔˙˜˔ ˗ˢ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˭ ˟ˢ˚ˢ ˡ˔˦˭˘˝ ˠ˔˥˞˜ ˃˅ʼˀʴˉʸ˅ʴʡ ˃ˢ˭ˢ˦˧˔·˔ ˖˭ͩΝ͙ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜
˧ˢ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ˢˡ˨˝͗˖˘ ˣˢ˗ ˠ˔˥˞˔ˠ˜ ˪·˔˦ˡˬˠ˜ ˦˜˘˖˜ ˪˜˘˟˞ˢˣˢ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ˡ˜ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʟ ˧˔˞˜˖˛ ˝˔˞
ʴ˅˂ʟ ʴˤ˨˔ʟ ˇʴʾʟ ʾ˖˜˨˞ ˖˭ˬ ˀˬˊ˔ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˗˟˔ ˞ˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ˨ ˃˘ˣ˦˜ʶˢ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˜ ˡ˔ ˈ˞˥˔˜ˡ˜˘ʡ

ʨ ˟˜ˡ˜˜ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˪ˡ˜˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˜ ʦ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞˜˘ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ ˨ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪˜ˢˡ˘ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˭˔˞·˔˗˨ʟ ˗˔˝͗
ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˢ˞ʡ ʤʥʣ ˣ˥˔˖ˢ˪ˡ˜˞ˢˠʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˧˔˞ ˥ˢ˭˕˨˗ˢ˪˔ˡ˘˝ ˜ˡ˙˥˔˦˧˥˨˞˧˨˥˭˘ʟ ˪ ˢ˞˥˘˦˜˘ ˟˘˧ˡ˜ˠ
ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠͩ ˢˣ˨˦˭˖˭˔ ˖ˢ˗˭˜˘ˡˡ˜˘ ʤʣʣ ˧˜˥ͅ˪ ˪ˬˣ˘·ˡ˜ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˣˢ ˕˥˭˘˚˜ ˡ˜˘˭˪ˬ˞˟˘ ˦ˠ˔˖˭ˡ͗
˜ ˢκˬ˪˖˭͗ ˪ˢ˗͗ʡ ˢκˬ˪˖˭͗ ˪ˢ˗͗ʡ
˜

























˃ˢ˟˦˞˔ ˊˢ˗˔ ˆˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ
ʬʨʠʣʦʨ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ͅ˪ʟ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˔ ʤʴ
˧˘˟ʡ ʞʧʫ ʧʥ ʪʤʧ ʤʤ ʣʣ

SSS LKHOG=SK@= ?KI LH




LKHOG=SK@= LKHOG=SK@= LH

, = O V A Z V N K @ H K






η˥ͅ˗·ˢ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥ˬ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˠ˔˟ˢ˪ˡ˜˖˭˘˝ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˜ ˞ˢ·ˢ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ˢ˪˔ʟ ˡ˔ ˦˞˥˔˝˨
˟˔˦˨ ˆˢ˞ˢ˟ˡ˜˖˞˜˘˚ˢʡ ʶ˛ˢ͙ ˝˨κ ˆ˧˔ˡ˜˦·˔˪ ˆ˧˔˦˭˜˖ ˣ˜˦˔· ˢ ˧ˬˠ ˥˘˚˜ˢˡ˜˘ʟ κ˘ Ϣ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ
˭ ˖˔·͗ ˦˪ˢ˝͗ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˚·͗ ˢ˞ˢ˟˜˖͗ ˣˢ˗ ˢ˕˦˭˘˥ˡˬˠ ˜ ˪ˬˡ˜ˢ˦·ˬˠ ˪˭˚ͅ˥˭˘ˠʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ
ˡ˜˘˭˟˜˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˧˥ˬ˦˞˔˝͗ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ϡʟ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪˔ ˟˨˗ˡˢΝ͙ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔˪˦˭˘ ˗ˢ˖˘ˡ˜˔·˔ʟ ˦˞˥ˬ˪˔ˡ˘ ˢ˗
˪˜˘˞ͅ˪ʟ ˡ˔˧˨˥˔˟ˡ˘ ˦˞˔˥˕ˬ ˢ˞ˢ˟˜˖ˬʡ
ˍ˕˜ˢ˥ˡ˜˞ʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ʟ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔˧ˢˠ˜˔˦˧ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨ ˕˜ˢ˥ˡ˜˞ʟ ˭ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ʟ ˭ˡ˔˝˗˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔˧ˢˠ˜˔˦˧ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨
ˍ
˪ˢ˗ˢˡˢΝˡ˘˚ˢ ˞˥˘˗ˬ ˗ˢ˟ˡ˘˝ʟ ˖ˢ ˢ˭ˡ˔˖˭˔ʟ κ˘ ˣˢ˪˦˧˔· ˢ˞ʡ ʤʥʣ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˔˧ ˧˘ˠ˨ʡ ˀˢκˡ˔ ˪˜ͩ˖
ˣˢ˪˜˘˗˭˜˘͙ʟ κ˘ ˡ˔˦˭˘ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ ˦͗ ˦˧˔˥˦˭˘ ˢ˗ Ϣ˦˔ˠ˜˨Ν˞˜˖˛ ˇ˔˧˘˥ϡ ˢ ˣˢˡ˔˗ ʥʣ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˔˧ʔ
˃˥˜ˠ˔˩˘˥˔ ˪ˬ˗ˢ˕ˬ˪˔ˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˭ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ʧʪʦ ˠ˘˧˥ͅ˪ ˜ ˧ˢ ˪·˔Νˡ˜˘ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞ˢΝ͙ θ˥ͅ˗·˔
ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ ˃˂ʿˆʾʴ ˊ˂ʷʴ ˜˦˧ˡ˜˘˝˘ ˡ˔ ˣˢ˟˦˞˜ˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˢ˗ ʥʣʣʤ ˥ˢ˞˨ ˜ ˝˘˦˧ ˗˘˖ˬ˗˨˝˘ ˢ ˝˘˝ ˪ˬ˝͗˧˞ˢ˪˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʡ ˍ˔ˡ˜ˠ ˪ˢ˗˔ ˧˥˔˙˜ ˗ˢ ˕˨˧˘˟˞˜ʟ ˠ˨˦˜ ˣˢ˞ˢˡ˔͙ ˪˜˘˟˘
˖˭ͩΝ˖˜͗ ˪·ˢ˦˞˜˘˝ ˚˥˨ˣˬ ʴˤ˨˔ ˀ˜ˡ˘˥˔˟˘ ˆ˔ˡ ʵ˘ˡ˘˗˘˧˧ˢʡ ˍ˟ˢ˞˔˟˜˭ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ ˪˔˥˦˧˪ ˭˜˘ˠ˜ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗ ˪ ˝˘˝ ˡ˔˧˨˥˔˟ˡ˘˝ ˙˜˟˧˥˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˭˔˕˘˭ˣ˜˘˖˭˔ ˝͗ ˣ˥˭˘˗
˪ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪ˢΝ˖˜ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˔ ˞ˢ·ˢ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ˢ˪˔ʟ ˪ ˢ˧˨˟˜ˡ˜˘ ˟˔˦ͅ˪ ˪ˣ·ˬ˪˘ˠ ˦˭˞ˢ˗˟˜˪ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬˡˡ˜˞ͅ˪ ˭˘˪ˡͩ˧˥˭ˡˬ˖˛ʡ
·ͩ˖˭ˬ˖˞˜˖˛ʟ ˖˭˘˥ˣ˜˘ θ˥ͅ˗˟˔ˡ͗ ˪ˢ˗ͩ ˭˘ θ˥ͅ˗˘· ˚·ͩ˕˜ˡˢ˪ˬ˖˛
ˢ ˗ˢ˦˞ˢˡ˔·˘˝ ˜˭ˢ˟˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˞˥ˬ˦˧˔˟˜˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˖˭ˬ˦˧ˢΝ˖˜ʡ

ˁˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡ˘ ˟˜ˡ˜˘ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˪ˡ˜˖˭˘ ˜ ˣ˥ˢ˖˘˦ˬ ˧˘˖˛ˡˢ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘ ˨ˠˢκ˟˜˪˜˔˝͗ ˡ˔ˠ
˕˨˧˘˟˞ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ʦʣʣ ʣʣʣ ʣʣʣ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˥ˢ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ʛ˗˔ˡ˘ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ʥʣʤʩʜʟ ˭ ˖˭˘˚ˢ ˨˧˘˟˞ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ʦʣʣ ʣʣʣ ʣʣʣ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˥ˢ˖˭ˡ˜˘ ʛ˗˔ˡ˘ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ʥʣʤʩʜʟ ˭ ˖˭˘˚ˢ
˕
ˣˢ·ˢ˪˔ ˧˥˔˙˜˔ ˗ˢ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ ˭ ˟ˢ˚ˢ ˡ˔˦˭˘˝ ˠ˔˥˞˜ ˃˅ʼˀʴˉʸ˅ʴʡ ˃ˢ˭ˢ˦˧˔·˔ ˖˭ͩΝ͙ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜
˧ˢ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ˢˡ˨˝͗˖˘ ˣˢ˗ ˠ˔˥˞˔ˠ˜ ˪·˔˦ˡˬˠ˜ ˦˜˘˖˜ ˪˜˘˟˞ˢˣˢ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ˡ˜ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ʟ ˧˔˞˜˖˛ ˝˔˞
ʴ˅˂ʟ ʴˤ˨˔ʟ ˇʴʾʟ ʾ˖˜˨˞ ˖˭ˬ ˀˬˊ˔ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˪ˢ˗ˬ ˗˟˔ ˞ˢˡ˖˘˥ˡ˨ ˃˘ˣ˦˜ʶˢ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˜ ˡ˔ ˈ˞˥˔˜ˡ˜˘ʡ

ʨ ˟˜ˡ˜˜ ˥ˢ˭˟˘˪ˡ˜˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˜ ʦ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˚·ͩ˕ˢ˞˜˘ θ˥ͅ˗·˔ ˨ˠ˜˘˝˦˖ˢ˪˜ˢˡ˘ ˪ ˢ˕˥ͩ˕˜˘ ˭˔˞·˔˗˨ʟ ˗˔˝͗
ˣ˥˔˖ͩ ˢ˞ʡ ʤʥʣ ˣ˥˔˖ˢ˪ˡ˜˞ˢˠʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˧˔˞ ˥ˢ˭˕˨˗ˢ˪˔ˡ˘˝ ˜ˡ˙˥˔˦˧˥˨˞˧˨˥˭˘ʟ ˪ ˢ˞˥˘˦˜˘ ˟˘˧ˡ˜ˠ
ˡ˔˦˭͗ ˙˜˥ˠͩ ˢˣ˨˦˭˖˭˔ ˖ˢ˗˭˜˘ˡˡ˜˘ ʤʣʣ ˧˜˥ͅ˪ ˪ˬˣ˘·ˡ˜ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˣˢ ˕˥˭˘˚˜ ˡ˜˘˭˪ˬ˞˟˘ ˦ˠ˔˖˭ˡ͗
˜ ˢκˬ˪˖˭͗ ˪ˢ˗͗ʡ ˢκˬ˪˖˭͗ ˪ˢ˗͗ʡ
˜

























˃ˢ˟˦˞˔ ˊˢ˗˔ ˆˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ
ʬʨʠʣʦʨ ˂˭ˢ˥˞ͅ˪ʟ ʴ˟˘˞˦˔ˡ˗˥˜˔ ʤʴ
˧˘˟ʡ ʞʧʫ ʧʥ ʪʤʧ ʤʤ ʣʣ

SSS LKHOG=SK@= ?KI LH




LKHOG=SK@= LKHOG=SK@= LH

ʶ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ
˅ˢ˭˕˨˗˭˔ ˭˔˜ˡ˧˘˥˘˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ ˢ˧˔˖˭˔˝͗˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˔˧˘ˠ ˜ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔ ˨˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡ˜͙ ˝˘˚ˢ
˕ˢ˚˔˧˘ ˭˔˦ˢ˕ˬ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜ʡ ˂ˣ˥ͅ˖˭ ˖˘ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˪˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˘˞ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ ʶ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔
˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡ˔ ˢ˙˘˥˨˝˘ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪ ˜ ˘˞˦ˣ˘˥ˬˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˡ˜˘ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ
˦ˣ˥˔˪˜˔˝͗ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ˥˔˗ˢΝ͙ʟ ˔˟˘ ˧˘κ ˦˧ˬˠ˨˟˨˝͗ ˜˖˛ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜ͩ ˢ˥˔˭ ˡ˜˘˦˞˥ͩˣˢ˪˔ˡ˘ʟ
ˣˢ˭˕˔˪˜ˢˡ˘ ˦˖˛˘ˠ˔˧ͅ˪ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˘ ˜ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ͙ ˣˢ˦˭˨˞˜˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˥ˢ˭˪˜͗˭˔Ήʡ

ʺ˥˨ˣ˔ ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˧ˢ ˝˘˗ˡ˔ ˭ ˡ˔˝˪˜ͩ˞˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˘˨˥ˢˣ˘˝˦˞˜˖˛ ˙˜˥ˠ ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˙˜˟˨ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡˬˠʟ ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˔
˪ ʤʩ ˞˥˔˝˔˖˛ʡ ˂˙˘˥˧˔ ʾ˟˘˧˧˔ ˢ˕˘˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˡ˔˝˪ˬκ˦˭˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˘ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡ˘ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘
ˠ˔˧˘˥˜˔·ˬ ˗ˬ˗˔˞˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ʟ ˟˜˧˘˥˔˧˨˥ͩ ˦ˣ˘˖˝˔˟˜˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˜ ˣ˥ˢ˭ͩʡ ˃ˢˡ˔˗˧ˢ ˊˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˧˪ˢ
ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˢ˗ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˟˔˧ ˗˨κˬ ˡ˔˖˜˦˞ ˞·˔˗˭˜˘ ˡ˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ͅ˪ʡ ˟˘˧˧ ˢ˗ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˟˔˧ ˗˨κˬ ˡ˔˖˜˦˞ ˞·˔˗˭˜˘ ˡ˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ͅ˪ʡ
ʾ
ˍ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˡ˜˖˛ ˦˧˪ˢ˥˭ˬ·ˢ ˦˘˥˜ͩ ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʟ ˪ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˝ ˪ˬ˗˔˝˘
˦˭˘˥˘˚ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˜ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʡ ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ ˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘
˭˔˕˔˪ʟ ˖˜˘˞˔˪˘ ˭˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˔˧˥˔˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˔ ˦˭˔˧˔ ˚˥˔˙˜˖˭ˡ˔ʟ ˔˟˘ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˢˣˢ˪˜˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˗ˢ
˖˭ˬ˧˔ˡ˜˔ʟ ˨ˠˢκ˟˜˪˜˔˝͗˖˘ ˪˦ˣͅ˟ˡ˘ʟ ˘˙˘˞˧ˬ˪ˡ˘ ˦ˣͩ˗˭˘ˡ˜˘ ˖˭˔˦˨ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠʡ ˊ ˦˪ˢ˜˖˛
ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˔˖˛ ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔ˣˢˠ˜ˡ˔ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖˔˖˛ ˜ ˢˣ˜˘˞˨ˡ˔˖˛ʡ ʾ˔κ˗˔ ˞˦˜͗κ˞˔
ˢˣ˔˧˥˭ˢˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˞ˢˠ˘ˡ˧˔˥˭˘ˠ ˜ ˣˢ˥˔˗˔ˠ˜ ˦ˣ˘˖˝˔˟˜˦˧ͅ˪ʠˣ˦ˬ˖˛ˢ˟ˢ˚ͅ˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗
ˢ˗ˡ˔˟˘θ͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˘˖˜˘ ˜ ˪ˬ˝˔Νˡ˜˔˝͗ ˖˭ͩ˦˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ˢ˖˭ˬ˪˜˦˧˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ʡ ˗ˡ˔˟˘θ͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˘˖˜˘ ˜ ˪ˬ˝˔Νˡ˜˔˝͗ ˖˭ͩ˦˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ˢ˖˭ˬ˪˜˦˧˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ʡ
ˢ
ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ ˭ ˥ˢ˞˨ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ˣ˥ˢˣˢˡ˨˝˘ ˡˢ˪˘ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˘ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˡ˜˘
˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˕˔˪˜͗ʟ ˔˟˘ ˨˖˭͗ʟ ˔ ˣ˥˭˘˗˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜ˠ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʡ

ˊˊˊʡʴʾʴʷʸˀʼʴʼˁˇʸʿʼʺʸˁˇˁʸʺ˂ˀʴʿˈʶʻʴʡ˃ʿ
ʸ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔
˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ ˊˬ˞ˢˡ˨˝͗˖ ͙˪˜˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˭˔˪˔˥˧˘ ˪ ˧˘˝ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˖˘ʟ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ ˨˖˭ˬ ˦˜ͩ ˞ˢˡ˧˥ˢ˟ˢ˪˔͙
˃ˢ˭ˡ˔˝ ˦˘˥˜ͩ ˪ˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˭͗ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡ˜˘ ˪˦ˣ˜˘˥˔ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˪ ˪˜˘˞˨ ˦˪ˢ˝˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˜ ˣ˔ˡˢ˪˔͙ ˡ˔˗ ˘ˠˢ˖˝˔ˠ˜ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˥ˢ˭˨ˠ˜˘͙ ˨˖˭˨˖˜˔ ˜ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˟˨˗˭˜
ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬˠ ˜ ˠˢ˧ˬ˪˨˝˘ ˝˘ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˚·ͩ˕˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˖˭ˬ˖˛ʟ ˜ ˗˕˔͙ ˢ ˣ˥˭ˬ˥ˢ˗ͩʡ ˇˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˖˘ˡˡ˘ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˬ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ˢ˭ˠ˔˪˜˔͙ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠ
˦ˣˢ·˘˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ʟ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ ˜ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬ˖˛ʡ ˢ ˨˖˭˨˖˜˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˔ˡˢ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˡ˔˗ ˘ˠˢ˖˝˔ˠ˜ʟ ˡ˔˪˜͗˭ˬ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˥˘˟˔˖˝˜ ˭ ˜ˡˡˬˠ˜ ˟˨˗θˠ˜ʡ



ʼ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ ˍ˔˕˔˪˔
˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˝˘˦˧ ˝˘˗ˡˬˠ ˭ ˨˟˨˕˜ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˭˔˝͙ͩ ˠ˔·ˬ˖˛ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˜ ˠ˔ ˞ˢ˥˭ˬ˦˧ˡˬ ˪ˣ·ˬ˪ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˜˖˛
ˢ˚ͅ˟ˡ˘˝ ˦ˣ˥˔˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˜ˡ˧˘˟˘˞˧˨˔˟ˡ˘˝ʟ ˪ ˧ˬˠ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔ʟ ˥ˢ˭˨ˠˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔
ˠ˔˧˘ˠ˔˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˜ ˣˢˣ˥˔˪ˡ˘˚ˢ ˪ˬ˦·˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˦˜ͩʡ ʾ˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˪ ˭ˡ˔˞ˢˠ˜˧ˬ ˦ˣˢ˦ͅ˕ ·͗˖˭ˬ
˧˘ˢ˥˜ͩ ˭ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞͗ʡ ˊ˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˞˜ ˜ ˞ˢˠ˘ˡ˧˔˥˭˘ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˗ˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪
ˢ˙˘˥˨˝͗ ˖˘ˡˡ͗ ˪˜˘˗˭ͩ ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ ˜ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗ ˪ ˗͗κ˘ˡ˜˨ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˗˪ˬκ˦˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˝˘˚ˢ ˜˟ˢ˥˔˭˨
˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˜ʡ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ˭˔Ν ˗˔˝͗ ˙˔ˡ˧˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪ͩ ˪ ˧ˢ˪˔˥˭ˬ˦˧˪˜˘ ˢˣ˜˘˞˨ˡͅ˪ʡ












˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴʽ ʼˁˇʸʿʼʺʸˁʶʽͨ ˇˊ˂ʽʸʺ˂ ʷˍʼʸʶʾʴ ʷˍʼͨʾʼ ʾˆʼ͖ιʾ˂ˀ ˍ ˆʸ˅ʼʼ ʼ˄ ʞ ʸ˄ʞ ʶ˄ʔ

ϥ ˦˘˥˜˔ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˘˞ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˭˔˗˕˔ ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡˢˠ˜˘˥ˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˧˥˭˘˖˛ ˡ˔˝˪˔κˡ˜˘˝˦˭ˬ˖˛
˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˜ ˇ˪ˢ˝˘˚ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔
ϥ ˭˔˪˜˘˥˔ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˬ ˜ ˪˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˞˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˭˔˕˔˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˖˭ˬˡ˜˔˝͗ ˦˜ͩ ˗ˢ ˪˭˥ˢ˦˧˨
˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˞ˢˠˣ˘˧˘ˡ˖˝˜ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬ˖˛ ˢ˥˔˭ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔
ϥ ˪ ˭ˡ˔˞ˢˠ˜˧ˬ ˦ˣˢ˦ͅ˕ ·͗˖˭ˬ ˧˘ˢ˥˜ͩ ˭ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞͗ʟ ˢ˙˘˥˨˝͗˖ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ˢˠ ˜ ˪ˬ˖˛ˢ˪˔˪˖ˢˠ ˖˘ˡˡ˔
˪˜˘˗˭ͩ ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʟ ˔ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ϛ ˙˔ˡ˧˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪ͩ






ˊˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˧˪ˢ ʿ˘˞˧ˢ˥ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˦ˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ ʠ ˨˟ʡ ˃ˢ˟˦˞˔ ʤʤʧʟ ʩʣʠʧʣʤ ˃ˢ˭ˡ˔Ήʟ ˇ˘˟˘˙ˢˡʭ ʩʤ ʩʥʩ ʬʣ ʬʣʟ ʴ˗˥˘˦ ˘ʠˠ˔˜˟ʭ ˗ˢ˥˔˗˖ˬʳ˞˟˘˧˧ʡˣ˟ ˯ ʹ˔˖˘˕ˢˢ˞ʭ ʳ˔˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔

ʶ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ
˅ˢ˭˕˨˗˭˔ ˭˔˜ˡ˧˘˥˘˦ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ ˢ˧˔˖˭˔˝͗˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˔˧˘ˠ ˜ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔ ˨˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡ˜͙ ˝˘˚ˢ
˕ˢ˚˔˧˘ ˭˔˦ˢ˕ˬ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜ʡ ˂ˣ˥ͅ˖˭ ˖˘ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˪˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˘˞ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ ʶ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔
˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡ˔ ˢ˙˘˥˨˝˘ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪ ˜ ˘˞˦ˣ˘˥ˬˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˡ˜˘ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ
˦ˣ˥˔˪˜˔˝͗ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ˥˔˗ˢΝ͙ʟ ˔˟˘ ˧˘κ ˦˧ˬˠ˨˟˨˝͗ ˜˖˛ ˪ˬˢ˕˥˔θˡ˜ͩ ˢ˥˔˭ ˡ˜˘˦˞˥ͩˣˢ˪˔ˡ˘ʟ
ˣˢ˭˕˔˪˜ˢˡ˘ ˦˖˛˘ˠ˔˧ͅ˪ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˘ ˜ ˨ˠ˜˘˝ͩ˧ˡˢΝ͙ ˣˢ˦˭˨˞˜˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˧˪ͅ˥˖˭ˬ˖˛ ˥ˢ˭˪˜͗˭˔Ήʡ

ʺ˥˨ˣ˔ ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˧ˢ ˝˘˗ˡ˔ ˭ ˡ˔˝˪˜ͩ˞˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˘˨˥ˢˣ˘˝˦˞˜˖˛ ˙˜˥ˠ ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˙˜˟˨ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡˬˠʟ ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˔
˪ ʤʩ ˞˥˔˝˔˖˛ʡ ˂˙˘˥˧˔ ʾ˟˘˧˧˔ ˢ˕˘˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˡ˔˝˪ˬκ˦˭˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˘ ˘˗˨˞˔˖ˬ˝ˡ˘ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘
ˠ˔˧˘˥˜˔·ˬ ˗ˬ˗˔˞˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ʟ ˟˜˧˘˥˔˧˨˥ͩ ˦ˣ˘˖˝˔˟˜˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˜ ˣ˥ˢ˭ͩʡ ˃ˢˡ˔˗˧ˢ ˊˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˧˪ˢ
ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˢ˗ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˟˔˧ ˗˨κˬ ˡ˔˖˜˦˞ ˞·˔˗˭˜˘ ˡ˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ͅ˪ʡ ˟˘˧˧ ˢ˗ ˞˜˟˞˨ ˟˔˧ ˗˨κˬ ˡ˔˖˜˦˞ ˞·˔˗˭˜˘ ˡ˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˡ˔˝ˠ·ˢ˗˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˖˭ˬ˧˘˟ˡ˜˞ͅ˪ʡ
ʾ
ˍ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˡ˜˖˛ ˦˧˪ˢ˥˭ˬ·ˢ ˦˘˥˜ͩ ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ʟ ˪ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˝ ˪ˬ˗˔˝˘
˦˭˘˥˘˚ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˜ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʡ ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ ˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘
˭˔˕˔˪ʟ ˖˜˘˞˔˪˘ ˭˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˜ ˔˧˥˔˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˔ ˦˭˔˧˔ ˚˥˔˙˜˖˭ˡ˔ʟ ˔˟˘ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˢˣˢ˪˜˔˗˔ˡ˜˔ ˗ˢ
˖˭ˬ˧˔ˡ˜˔ʟ ˨ˠˢκ˟˜˪˜˔˝͗˖˘ ˪˦ˣͅ˟ˡ˘ʟ ˘˙˘˞˧ˬ˪ˡ˘ ˦ˣͩ˗˭˘ˡ˜˘ ˖˭˔˦˨ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠʡ ˊ ˦˪ˢ˜˖˛
ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˔˖˛ ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˡ˜˘ ˭˔ˣˢˠ˜ˡ˔ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖˔˖˛ ˜ ˢˣ˜˘˞˨ˡ˔˖˛ʡ ʾ˔κ˗˔ ˞˦˜͗κ˞˔
ˢˣ˔˧˥˭ˢˡ˔ ˝˘˦˧ ˞ˢˠ˘ˡ˧˔˥˭˘ˠ ˜ ˣˢ˥˔˗˔ˠ˜ ˦ˣ˘˖˝˔˟˜˦˧ͅ˪ʠˣ˦ˬ˖˛ˢ˟ˢ˚ͅ˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗
ˢ
ˢ˗ˡ˔˟˘θ͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˘˖˜˘ ˜ ˪ˬ˝˔Νˡ˜˔˝͗ ˖˭ͩ˦˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ˢ˖˭ˬ˪˜˦˧˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ʡ ˗ˡ˔˟˘θ͙ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬˠ Ν˪˜˘˖˜˘ ˜ ˪ˬ˝˔Νˡ˜˔˝͗ ˖˭ͩ˦˧ˢ ˡ˜˘ˢ˖˭ˬ˪˜˦˧˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ʡ
ʴ˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛˔ ˭ ˥ˢ˞˨ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˞ ˣ˥ˢˣˢˡ˨˝˘ ˡˢ˪˘ ˣ˨˕˟˜˞˔˖˝˘ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˡ˜˘
˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˕˔˪˜͗ʟ ˔˟˘ ˨˖˭͗ʟ ˔ ˣ˥˭˘˗˘ ˪˦˭ˬ˦˧˞˜ˠ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔˝͗ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʡ

ˊˊˊʡʴʾʴʷʸˀʼʴʼˁˇʸʿʼʺʸˁˇˁʸʺ˂ˀʴʿˈʶʻʴʡ˃ʿ
ʸ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔
˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ ˊˬ˞ˢˡ˨˝͗˖ ͙˪˜˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˭˔˪˔˥˧˘ ˪ ˧˘˝ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˖˘ʟ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ ˨˖˭ˬ ˦˜ͩ ˞ˢˡ˧˥ˢ˟ˢ˪˔͙
˃ˢ˭ˡ˔˝ ˦˘˥˜ͩ ˪ˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˭͗ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˪˦˭˘˖˛˦˧˥ˢˡˡ˜˘ ˪˦ˣ˜˘˥˔ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˪ ˪˜˘˞˨ ˦˪ˢ˝˘ ˭˔˖˛ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˜ ˣ˔ˡˢ˪˔͙ ˡ˔˗ ˘ˠˢ˖˝˔ˠ˜ʟ ˔ ˧˔˞κ˘ ˥ˢ˭˨ˠ˜˘͙ ˨˖˭˨˖˜˔ ˜ˡˡˬ˖˛ ˟˨˗˭˜
ˣ˥˭˘˗˦˭˞ˢ˟ˡˬˠ ˜ ˠˢ˧ˬ˪˨˝˘ ˝˘ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˚·ͩ˕˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˣˢ˭ˡ˔˪˖˭ˬ˖˛ʟ ˜ ˗˕˔͙ ˢ ˣ˥˭ˬ˥ˢ˗ͩʡ ˇˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˖˘ˡˡ˘ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˬ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ˢ˭ˠ˔˪˜˔͙ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠ
˦ˣˢ·˘˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ʟ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ ˜ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬ˖˛ʡ ˢ ˨˖˭˨˖˜˔˖˛ʟ ˣ˔ˡˢ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˡ˔˗ ˘ˠˢ˖˝˔ˠ˜ʟ ˡ˔˪˜͗˭ˬ˪˔ˡ˜˨ ˥˘˟˔˖˝˜ ˭ ˜ˡˡˬˠ˜ ˟˨˗θˠ˜ʡ



ʼ˄ ʠ ʼˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˔ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˔ ˧ˢ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˡ˜˞˜˘ˠ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ʡ ˍ˔˕˔˪˔
˭ ˡ˔˞˟˘˝˞˔ˠ˜ ˝˘˦˧ ˝˘˗ˡˬˠ ˭ ˨˟˨˕˜ˢˡˬ˖˛ ˭˔˝͙ͩ ˠ˔·ˬ˖˛ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˜ ˠ˔ ˞ˢ˥˭ˬ˦˧ˡˬ ˪ˣ·ˬ˪ ˡ˔ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˜˖˛
ˢ˚ͅ˟ˡ˘˝ ˦ˣ˥˔˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ ˜ˡ˧˘˟˘˞˧˨˔˟ˡ˘˝ʟ ˪ ˧ˬˠ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔ʟ ˥ˢ˭˨ˠˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔
ˠ˔˧˘ˠ˔˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˜ ˣˢˣ˥˔˪ˡ˘˚ˢ ˪ˬ˦·˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˦˜ͩʡ ʾ˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˞˔ ˪ ˭ˡ˔˞ˢˠ˜˧ˬ ˦ˣˢ˦ͅ˕ ·͗˖˭ˬ
˧˘ˢ˥˜ͩ ˭ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞͗ʡ ˊ˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˞˜ ˜ ˞ˢˠ˘ˡ˧˔˥˭˘ ˗˟˔ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ͅ˪ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˗ˢ˗˔˧˞ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˭˔˕˔˪
ˢ˙˘˥˨˝͗ ˖˘ˡˡ͗ ˪˜˘˗˭ͩ ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔ ˜ ˣˢˠ˔˚˔˝͗ ˪ ˗͗κ˘ˡ˜˨ ˗ˢ ˣˢ˗˪ˬκ˦˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˝˘˚ˢ ˜˟ˢ˥˔˭˨
˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˜ʡ ˀ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ˭˔Ν ˗˔˝͗ ˙˔ˡ˧˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪ͩ ˪ ˧ˢ˪˔˥˭ˬ˦˧˪˜˘ ˢˣ˜˘˞˨ˡͅ˪ʡ












˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴʽ ʼˁˇʸʿʼʺʸˁʶʽͨ ˇˊ˂ʽʸʺ˂ ʷˍʼʸʶʾʴ ʷˍʼͨʾʼ ʾˆʼ͖ιʾ˂ˀ ˍ ˆʸ˅ʼʼ ʼ˄ ʞ ʸ˄ʞ ʶ˄ʔ

ϥ ˦˘˥˜˔ ˞˦˜͗κ˘˖˭˘˞ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˭˔˗˕˔ ˢ ˥ͅ˪ˡˢˠ˜˘˥ˡˬ ˥ˢ˭˪ͅ˝ ˧˥˭˘˖˛ ˡ˔˝˪˔κˡ˜˘˝˦˭ˬ˖˛
˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˖˝˜ ˇ˪ˢ˝˘˚ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˔
ϥ ˭˔˪˜˘˥˔ ˣˢ˥˔˗ˬ ˜ ˪˦˞˔˭ͅ˪˞˜ ˢ˥˔˭ ˣ˥ˢˣˢ˭ˬ˖˝˘ ˭˔˕˔˪ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˖˭ˬˡ˜˔˝͗ ˦˜ͩ ˗ˢ ˪˭˥ˢ˦˧˨
˞˥˘˔˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˞ˢˠˣ˘˧˘ˡ˖˝˜ ˘ˠˢ˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬ˖˛ ˢ˥˔˭ ˟ˢ˚˜˖˭ˡ˘˚ˢ ˠˬΝ˟˘ˡ˜˔
ϥ ˪ ˭ˡ˔˞ˢˠ˜˧ˬ ˦ˣˢ˦ͅ˕ ·͗˖˭ˬ ˧˘ˢ˥˜ͩ ˭ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞͗ʟ ˢ˙˘˥˨˝͗˖ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖ˢˠ ˜ ˪ˬ˖˛ˢ˪˔˪˖ˢˠ ˖˘ˡˡ˔
˪˜˘˗˭ͩ ˢ ˥ˢ˭˪ˢ˝˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ʟ ˔ ˠ˔˟˨˖˛ˢˠ ϛ ˙˔ˡ˧˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˭˔˕˔˪ͩ






ˊˬ˗˔˪ˡ˜˖˧˪ˢ ʿ˘˞˧ˢ˥ʾ˟˘˧˧ ˦ˣʡ ˭ ˢʡˢʡ ʠ ˨˟ʡ ˃ˢ˟˦˞˔ ʤʤʧʟ ʩʣʠʧʣʤ ˃ˢ˭ˡ˔Ήʟ ˇ˘˟˘˙ˢˡʭ ʩʤ ʩʥʩ ʬʣ ʬʣʟ ʴ˗˥˘˦ ˘ʠˠ˔˜˟ʭ ˗ˢ˥˔˗˖ˬʳ˞˟˘˧˧ʡˣ˟ ˯ ʹ˔˖˘˕ˢˢ˞ʭ ʳ˔˞˔˗˘ˠ˜˔˜ˡ˧˘˟˜˚˘ˡ˧ˡ˘˚ˢˠ˔˟˨˖˛˔





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