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Published by B&R, 2018-01-23 02:49:11

MP Manu

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ƒ†œ™‘Ñ ‘††œ‹ƒÏ …œ‡™ǣ ή ͜͠ ͘͞͡ ͙͙͡ ͘͜͜
ƒ†œ™‘Ñ •Ž‡’ †›‹ƒ ȋ Ȍǣ ή ͜͠ ͛͛͟ ͚͘͞ ͜͜͝
„•Ï—‰ƒ ‘††œ‹ƒÏ …œ‡™ǣ ’ǤǦ ’–Ǥ ͠ǣ͘͘ Ǧ ͙͞ǣ͘͘
‹ Œ‡•–‡ä›ǫ „•Ï—‰ƒ •Ž‡’ †›‹ƒ ǣ ’ǤȂ •‘„Ǥ ͡ǣ͘͘Ǧ ͚͙ǣ͘͘Ǥ ‹‡†œ‹‡Žƒǣ ͙͘ǣ͘͘ Ǧ ͚͘ǣ͘͘


ƒƒƒ ‹†• ’ƒ…Š‹‡ „ƒƒƒ‹ ‹ Œ‡äŽ‹ …Š‘…‹ƒĂ ƒ ‘‡– œƒ‹‡•œ ‘…œ›ǡ œ‘„ƒ…œ›•œ ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹¸ ‹ †œ‹‡…‹ „‹‡‰ƒŒ¦…‡ ’‘ ’ŽƒĂ›Ǥ
Š…‡›ǡ DŽ› ƒ•œ‡ †œ‹‡…‹ …œ—Ï› ™‹ƒ–” ™‡ ™Ï‘•ƒ…Šǡ •Ï‘Ñ…‡ ƒ „—œ‹ƒ…Š ‹ •Ï›•œƒÏ› •œ— ˆƒŽǤ
—„‹› ’ƒ–”œ‡© ƒ •œ…œ¸äŽ‹™‡ †œ‹‡…‹ǡ ƒ œƒ„ƒ™¸ǡ ƒ ”ƒ†‘ä©Ǥ –‡Ă …Š…‡› •Ï›•œ‡© •œ— ˆƒŽǡ œƒ‰Ï—•œƒ› ’”œ‡œ 䏋‡…ŠǤ


ƒ…› Œ‡•–‡ä›ǫ


ƒƒƒ ‹†• Œ‡•– ™‡•‘σ Œƒ †œ‹‡…‹ œ ƒ–—”›ǡ ’‘‰‘†ƒ ‹ ‘†™ƒĂƒǤ †œ‹‡ •™‘Œ¦ †”‘‰¦ǡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ‹‡ ‹ •™‘„‘†‹‡Ǥ ‡•– ’‡Ïƒ Ž—œ—Ǥ ‘–ƒ–̻„ƒƒƒ‹†•Ǥ’Ž ȁ ™™™Ǥ„ƒƒƒ‹†•Ǥ’Ž
œ‹‡…‹ ™ ƒ•œ›…Š —„”ƒ‹ƒ…Š œ‹‡”œƒŒ¦ ™ ’‘†•‘ƒ…Š ™ •–”‘¸ ‘•œƒŽƒ…‹‡Œ ‡Ž‡‰ƒ…Œ‹ǡ •–›Ž‘™‡‰‘ ‹‡Ïƒ†—ǡ ”ƒ†‘•‡Œ
–™×”…œ‘ä…‹Ǥ „‹‡”ƒ› †œ‹‡…‹ ƒŽ‡ ‹ ‹‡ ’”œ‡•œƒ†œƒ› ™ „›…‹— •‘„¦Ǥ ƒƒƒ ‹†• –‘ †œ‹‡…‹ ’‡Ï‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡Œ ‡•’”‡•Œ‹Ǥ

ƒ†œ™‘Ñ ‘††œ‹ƒÏ …œ‡™ǣ ή ͜͠ ͘͞͡ ͙͙͡ ͘͜͜
ƒ†œ™‘Ñ •Ž‡’ †›‹ƒ ȋ Ȍǣ ή ͜͠ ͛͛͟ ͚͘͞ ͜͜͝
„•Ï—‰ƒ ‘††œ‹ƒÏ …œ‡™ǣ ’ǤǦ ’–Ǥ ͠ǣ͘͘ Ǧ ͙͞ǣ͘͘
‹ Œ‡•–‡ä›ǫ „•Ï—‰ƒ •Ž‡’ †›‹ƒ ǣ ’ǤȂ •‘„Ǥ ͡ǣ͘͘Ǧ ͚͙ǣ͘͘Ǥ ‹‡†œ‹‡Žƒǣ ͙͘ǣ͘͘ Ǧ ͚͘ǣ͘͘


ƒƒƒ ‹†• ’ƒ…Š‹‡ „ƒƒƒ‹ ‹ Œ‡äŽ‹ …Š‘…‹ƒĂ ƒ ‘‡– œƒ‹‡•œ ‘…œ›ǡ œ‘„ƒ…œ›•œ ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹¸ ‹ †œ‹‡…‹ „‹‡‰ƒŒ¦…‡ ’‘ ’ŽƒĂ›Ǥ
Š…‡›ǡ DŽ› ƒ•œ‡ †œ‹‡…‹ …œ—Ï› ™‹ƒ–” ™‡ ™Ï‘•ƒ…Šǡ •Ï‘Ñ…‡ ƒ „—œ‹ƒ…Š ‹ •Ï›•œƒÏ› •œ— ˆƒŽǤ
—„‹› ’ƒ–”œ‡© ƒ •œ…œ¸äŽ‹™‡ †œ‹‡…‹ǡ ƒ œƒ„ƒ™¸ǡ ƒ ”ƒ†‘ä©Ǥ –‡Ă …Š…‡› •Ï›•œ‡© •œ— ˆƒŽǡ œƒ‰Ï—•œƒ› ’”œ‡œ 䏋‡…ŠǤ


ƒ…› Œ‡•–‡ä›ǫ


ƒƒƒ ‹†• Œ‡•– ™‡•‘σ Œƒ †œ‹‡…‹ œ ƒ–—”›ǡ ’‘‰‘†ƒ ‹ ‘†™ƒĂƒǤ †œ‹‡ •™‘Œ¦ †”‘‰¦ǡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ‹‡ ‹ •™‘„‘†‹‡Ǥ ‡•– ’‡Ïƒ Ž—œ—Ǥ ‘–ƒ–̻„ƒƒƒ‹†•Ǥ’Ž ȁ ™™™Ǥ„ƒƒƒ‹†•Ǥ’Ž
œ‹‡…‹ ™ ƒ•œ›…Š —„”ƒ‹ƒ…Š œ‹‡”œƒŒ¦ ™ ’‘†•‘ƒ…Š ™ •–”‘¸ ‘•œƒŽƒ…‹‡Œ ‡Ž‡‰ƒ…Œ‹ǡ •–›Ž‘™‡‰‘ ‹‡Ïƒ†—ǡ ”ƒ†‘•‡Œ
–™×”…œ‘ä…‹Ǥ „‹‡”ƒ› †œ‹‡…‹ ƒŽ‡ ‹ ‹‡ ’”œ‡•œƒ†œƒ› ™ „›…‹— •‘„¦Ǥ ƒƒƒ ‹†• –‘ †œ‹‡…‹ ’‡Ï‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡Œ ‡•’”‡•Œ‹Ǥ

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