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Published by B&R, 2019-03-20 05:21:06

MP Alegoria III

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ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔

˃˟˔˖ ˭˔˕˔˪ ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔ ϛ ˝˘˦˧ ˪˜˘˟ˢ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬˠ ˣ˟˔˖˘ˠ
˭˔˕˔˪ ˣ˥˭˘˪˜˗˭˜˔ˡˬˠ ˗ˢ ˠˢˡ˧˔κ˨ ˪ ˢ˚˥ͅ˗˞˔˖˛ʡ ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔
ʷ˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˣ˘·ˡˬ˖˛ ˘ˡ˘˥˚˜˜ ˜ ˣˢˠˬ˦·ͅ˪ ˝˘˦˧ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κˢˡˬ ˪ ˪˜˘˟˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˥˭͗˗ͅ˪ ˗ˢ ͙˪˜˖˭˘Ήʟ ˗˭˜ͩ˞˜
˞˧ͅ˥ˬˠ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˠ˔˝͗ ˠˢκ˟˜˪ˢΝ͙ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔͙ ˞ˢˢ˥˗ˬˡ˔˖˝ͩ ˥˨˖˛ͅ˪ʟ
ˆ˞˟˘ˣ ˀʴΆ˃ʼˆˍ˂ˁʡˣ˟ ˣˢ˪˦˧˔· ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˜˔˖˛ ˭ ˡ˜˘˦ˣˢκˬ˧ˬˠ ˭˔ˣ˔˦˘ˠ ˘ˡ˘˥˚˜˜ ˜ ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗
˦˜·ͩ ˜ ˦ˣ˥˔˪ˡˢΝ͙ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˭˪ˬ˖˭˔˝ˡ˜˘ ˪˘˦ˢ·ˢ
ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖˔˖˛ Ν˪˜˔˗ˢˠˬ˖˛ ˦˪ˢ˝˘˝ ˥ˢ˟˜ ˪ ˣ˥˭ˬ˦˪˔˝˔ˡ˜˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ˢˠ ˭˗˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˡ˔˪ˬ˞ͅ˪ ˝˨κ ˢ˗
˦ˣͩ˗˭˔͙ ˖˭˔˦ ˡ˔ Ν˪˜˘κˬˠ ˣˢ˪˜˘˧˥˭˨ʡ ˍ ˧˔˞˜ˠ ˭˘˦˧˔˪˘ˠ
˪˖˭˘˦ˡˬ˖˛ ˟˔˧ ˭ˬ˖˜˔ʡ
˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˘˞ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ ˜ ˔˞˖˘˦ˢ˥˜ͅ˪ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˞˔κ˗˘
˗˭˜˘˖˞ˢ˭˜˘˖˞ˢ ˭ˠ˜˘ˡ˜ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˣ˥˔˪˗˭˜˪˘˚ˢ ˔˞˥ˢ˕˔˧ͩ ˭˔˟˘˗˪˜˘ ˪
ˇˬ˟˞ˢ ˪ˬ˕˥˔ˡˬ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗
˖˜͗˚˨ ˝˘˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˦˘˭ˢˡ˨ ˟˘˧ˡ˜˘˚ˢʔ
ʿ˔˧˔ ˗ˢΝ˪˜˔˗˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˡ˔ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˣˢ˭˪ˢ˟˜·ˬ ˡ˔ˠ ˢ˖˘ˡ˜͙ ˡ˜˘˝˘˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧˔ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʥ ʣʣʣʟʣʣ ˭·
˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˜ ˪ˬ˕˥˔͙ ˗ˢ ˦˪ˢ˝˘˝ ˢ˙˘˥˧ˬ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˧˘ ˔˥˧ˬ˞˨·ˬʟ ˞˧ͅ˥ˬ˖˛ ˝˔˞ˢΝ͙ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ʠ
ˡ˜˔ ˭˔˗ˢ˪ˢ˟˜·˔˕ˬ ˡ˔˦ ˦˔ˠˬ˖˛ ˜ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˝˔˞ˢ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ

ˊ˦ˣ˔˥˖˜˘ ˗˟˔ ˜ˡ˜˖˝˔˧ˬ˪ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛
ʽ˔˞ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬ ˦˞˟˘ˣ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ ˖˜͗˚˟˘ ˪˦ˣ˜˘˥˔ˠˬ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ͙ ˢ˥˚˔ˡ˜˭˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˕˟ˢ˚˘˥ͅ˪
ˠ˔˝͗˖˘ ˡ˔ ˖˘˟˨ ˣ˥ˢˣ˔˚ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˭˗˥ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˧˥ˬ˕˨ κˬ˖˜˔ ˜ ˨ˣ˥˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˦ˣˢ˥˧˨ʡ
ˀ˔˧˘˥˔˖ ʤʨʣ˫ʤʣʣ˫ʤʣ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʦʨʣʟʣʣ ˭· ϛ ʦʬʩʟʣʣ ˭·

ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ʨ
ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ʠʨ ˝˘˦˧ ˕˘˦˧˦˘˟˟˘˥˘ˠ ˪Ν˥ͅ˗
˥ˢ˭ˣˢ˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˭˘˦˧˔˪ͅ˪ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ʡ ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘
ˠ˜ˡ˜ˠ˨ˠ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖˔ ˪ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʟ ˔ ˦ˬ˦˧˘ˠ ˥ˢ˭ˣˢ˥ˢ˪ˬ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔
ˡ˔ ˠˢˡ˧˔κ ˕˘˭ κ˔˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˨˦˭˖˭˘˥˕˞˨ ˗˟˔ Ν˖˜˔ˡʡ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ʠʨ
ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔ ˗˥͗κ˘˞ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˡ˜˘˭˔˟˘κˡ˜˘ ˢ˗
˖˔·˘˝ ˞ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˜ ˠˢκ˘ ˭ˢ˦˧˔͙
˨ˠ˜˘˦˭˖˭ˢˡˬ ˡ˔ ˗ˢ˪ˢ˟ˡ˘˝ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ʟ ˔ ˪˥˔˭ ˭ ˡ˜ˠ
˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˔˞˖˘˦ˢ˥˜˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˗ˢ·͗˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˪ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˨
˥
˗ˢ ˭˘˦˧˔˪˨ʭ ˞ͅ·˞˔ʟ ˟˜ˡ˔ ˜ ˧˥˔ˣ˘˭ʡ ʺͅ˥ˡ˔ ˥˔ˠ˔ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ ˝˘˦˧
ʷ˅ʴʵʼˁʾʴ ʺʼˀˁʴˆˇˌʶˍˁʴ ʠ
˭ˢˣ˧ˬˠ˔˟˜˭ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ʟ ˖ˢ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔ ˭˔ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˝͗ ˠ˔˞˦ˬˠ˔˟ˡ˜˘
˕˟˜˦˞ˢ Ν˖˜˔ˡˬ ˕ˢ˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˜ ˢ˦˭˖˭ͩ˗˭˜͙ ˣˢ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ˡ˜ͩ ˪ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷʿʴʶˍʸʺ˂ ˀ˂ˁˇˈʽʸˀˌ ʽ͗ ˊ ʷ˂ˀˈʲ
ϥ ˃˅ˍˌʺ˂ˇ˂ˊˈʽʸ ʷ˂ ˊʠʹ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʤ ʣʬʬʟʣʣ ˭·
ϥ ˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴ ʾ˂˂˅ʷˌˁʴʶʽͨ
ϥ ˍʴ˃˂ʵʼʸʺʴ ˊʴʷ˂ˀ ˃˂ˆˇʴˊˌ
ϥ ˃˂ˀʴʺʴ ˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴ͘ ˇʴʿʸˁˇˌ
ϥ ˆʾˈˇʸʶˍˁʼʸ ˍˊʴʿʶˍʴ ˁˈʷͨ
ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ ʤ
ϥ ˊˌʾˆˍˇʴΆʶʴ ʷ˂ʵ˅ʸ ˁʴˊˌʾʼ
ϥ ˍʴˆˇͨ˃ˈʽʸ ˃ʿʴʶ ˍʴʵʴˊ
ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ʠʤ ˝˘˦˧ ˞˟˔˦ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞͗ ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔ˡ͗ ϥ
ˣ˥˭ˬΝ˖˜˘ˡˡ˜˘ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔ ˭˔˥ͅ˪ˡˢ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˗˥͗κ˘˞ ϥ ˃˂˃˅ʴˊʼʴ ʾ˂ˁʷˌʶʽͨ
˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˠˢκ˟˜˪ˢΝ͙ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˡ˔ ˝˔˞˜˘˝
ϥ ˍʴʶʻͨʶʴ ʷ˂ ˆ˃˂˅ˇˈ
˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˠˢˡ˧˨˝˘ˠˬ ˥ͩ˞˔˪˞˜ ·͗˖˭͗˖˘ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞ͩ ˭˘ Ν˖˜˔ˡ͗
ϥ ˅˂ˍΆʴʷ˂ˊˈʽʸ ʸˁʸ˅ʺʼͨ
˕ˢ˖˭ˡ͗ʡ ʷ˥͗κ˘˞ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ͙ ˠˢκ˘ˠˬ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔͙ʟ
ϥ ʽʸˆˇ ʷʿʴ ˊˆˍˌˆˇʾʼʶʻ
˥ˢΝˡ˜˘ ˪˥˔˭ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠʡ ˅˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˥ͩ˞˔˪˞˜ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔˝͗ʟ ˔˕ˬ
˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ʠʤ ˦˧˔ˡͩ·˔ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˪ ϥ ˃˂ʵˈʷˍʴ ˊˌ˂ʵ˅ʴηˁʼͨ
˥ˢ˚˨ˢ˚˨ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˧˘ˠ˨ ˥ˢ˭˪˜͗˭˔ˡ˜˨ ˠˢκˡ˔ ˧˘κ ˢˠ˜ˡ͙͗ ˥˨˥ˬ
˥ ϥ ˃˂ˀʴʺʴ ˊ ˊʴʿʶʸ ˍ ˁʴʷˊʴʺ͖
˖˭ˬ ˞˔˟ˢ˥ˬ˙˘˥ ˪ Ν˖˜˔ˡ˜˘ʟ ˔ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞ͩ ˭˔ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˡ˔ ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ʡ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʤ ʣʬʬʟʣʣ ˭· ˀʴΆ˃ʼˆˍ˂ˁ ʴ˟˜ˡ˔ ʷ˔˥˜˕˔˭˔˥ˢˡ
˨˟ʡ Ά˘ˣ˞ˢ˪˦˞˜˘˚ˢ ʫʢʦʤʟ ʦʤʠʧʥʦ ʾ˥˔˞ͅ˪
˪˪˪ʡˠ˔˟ˣ˜˦˭ˢˡʡˣ˟

ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔

˃˟˔˖ ˭˔˕˔˪ ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔ ϛ ˝˘˦˧ ˪˜˘˟ˢ˙˨ˡ˞˖˝ˢˡ˔˟ˡˬˠ ˣ˟˔˖˘ˠ
˭˔˕˔˪ ˣ˥˭˘˪˜˗˭˜˔ˡˬˠ ˗ˢ ˠˢˡ˧˔κ˨ ˪ ˢ˚˥ͅ˗˞˔˖˛ʡ ʴ˞˥ˢ˕˔˧˔
ʷ˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˣ˘·ˡˬ˖˛ ˘ˡ˘˥˚˜˜ ˜ ˣˢˠˬ˦·ͅ˪ ˝˘˦˧ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κˢˡˬ ˪ ˪˜˘˟˘ ˣ˥˭ˬ˥˭͗˗ͅ˪ ˗ˢ ͙˪˜˖˭˘Ήʟ ˗˭˜ͩ˞˜
˞˧ͅ˥ˬˠ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˠ˔˝͗ ˠˢκ˟˜˪ˢΝ͙ ˥ˢ˭˪˜˝˔͙ ˞ˢˢ˥˗ˬˡ˔˖˝ͩ ˥˨˖˛ͅ˪ʟ
ˆ˞˟˘ˣ ˀʴΆ˃ʼˆˍ˂ˁʡˣ˟ ˣˢ˪˦˧˔· ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗ ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˜˔˖˛ ˭ ˡ˜˘˦ˣˢκˬ˧ˬˠ ˭˔ˣ˔˦˘ˠ ˘ˡ˘˥˚˜˜ ˜ ˭ ˠˬΝ˟͗
˦˜·ͩ ˜ ˦ˣ˥˔˪ˡˢΝ͙ ˙˜˭ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˭˪ˬ˖˭˔˝ˡ˜˘ ˪˘˦ˢ·ˢ
ˢ ˥ˢ˗˭˜˖˔˖˛ Ν˪˜˔˗ˢˠˬ˖˛ ˦˪ˢ˝˘˝ ˥ˢ˟˜ ˪ ˣ˥˭ˬ˦˪˔˝˔ˡ˜˨ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ˢˠ ˭˗˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˡ˔˪ˬ˞ͅ˪ ˝˨κ ˢ˗
˦ˣͩ˗˭˔͙ ˖˭˔˦ ˡ˔ Ν˪˜˘κˬˠ ˣˢ˪˜˘˧˥˭˨ʡ ˍ ˧˔˞˜ˠ ˭˘˦˧˔˪˘ˠ
˪˖˭˘˦ˡˬ˖˛ ˟˔˧ ˭ˬ˖˜˔ʡ
˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˘˞ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ ˜ ˔˞˖˘˦ˢ˥˜ͅ˪ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˞˔κ˗˘
˗˭˜˘˖˞ˢ˭˜˘˖˞ˢ ˭ˠ˜˘ˡ˜ ˦˜ͩ ˪ ˣ˥˔˪˗˭˜˪˘˚ˢ ˔˞˥ˢ˕˔˧ͩ ˭˔˟˘˗˪˜˘ ˪
ˇˬ˟˞ˢ ˪ˬ˕˥˔ˡˬ ˦ˣ˥˭ͩ˧ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗
˖˜͗˚˨ ˝˘˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˦˘˭ˢˡ˨ ˟˘˧ˡ˜˘˚ˢʔ
ʿ˔˧˔ ˗ˢΝ˪˜˔˗˖˭˘ˡ˜˔ ˡ˔ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˣˢ˭˪ˢ˟˜·ˬ ˡ˔ˠ ˢ˖˘ˡ˜͙ ˡ˜˘˝˘˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˖˘ˡ˧˔ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʥ ʣʣʣʟʣʣ ˭·
˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˗˟˔ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˜ ˪ˬ˕˥˔͙ ˗ˢ ˦˪ˢ˝˘˝ ˢ˙˘˥˧ˬ ˧ˬ˟˞ˢ ˧˘ ˔˥˧ˬ˞˨·ˬʟ ˞˧ͅ˥ˬ˖˛ ˝˔˞ˢΝ͙ ˪ˬ˞ˢˡ˔ʠ
ˡ˜˔ ˭˔˗ˢ˪ˢ˟˜·˔˕ˬ ˡ˔˦ ˦˔ˠˬ˖˛ ˜ ˡ˔˦˭˘ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ ˝˔˞ˢ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ

ˊ˦ˣ˔˥˖˜˘ ˗˟˔ ˜ˡ˜˖˝˔˧ˬ˪ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛
ʽ˔˞ˢ ˗˭˜˘˖˜ͩ˖ˬ ˦˞˟˘ˣ ˦ˣˢ˥˧ˢ˪ˬ ˖˜͗˚˟˘ ˪˦ˣ˜˘˥˔ˠˬ ˔˞˧ˬ˪ˡˢΝ͙ ˢ˥˚˔ˡ˜˭˔˖˝˜ ˜ ˕˟ˢ˚˘˥ͅ˪
ˠ˔˝͗˖˘ ˡ˔ ˖˘˟˨ ˣ˥ˢˣ˔˚ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˘ ˭˗˥ˢ˪˘˚ˢ ˧˥ˬ˕˨ κˬ˖˜˔ ˜ ˨ˣ˥˔˪˜˔ˡ˜˔ ˦ˣˢ˥˧˨ʡ
ˀ˔˧˘˥˔˖ ʤʨʣ˫ʤʣʣ˫ʤʣ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʦʨʣʟʣʣ ˭· ϛ ʦʬʩʟʣʣ ˭·

ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ʨ
ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ʠʨ ˝˘˦˧ ˕˘˦˧˦˘˟˟˘˥˘ˠ ˪Ν˥ͅ˗
˥ˢ˭ˣˢ˥ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˭˘˦˧˔˪ͅ˪ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ˖˛ʡ ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘
ˠ˜ˡ˜ˠ˨ˠ ˠ˜˘˝˦˖˔ ˪ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʟ ˔ ˦ˬ˦˧˘ˠ ˥ˢ˭ˣˢ˥ˢ˪ˬ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔
ˡ˔ ˠˢˡ˧˔κ ˕˘˭ κ˔˗ˡ˘˚ˢ ˨˦˭˖˭˘˥˕˞˨ ˗˟˔ Ν˖˜˔ˡʡ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ʠʨ
ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔ ˗˥͗κ˘˞ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬ ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˡ˜˘˭˔˟˘κˡ˜˘ ˢ˗
˖˔·˘˝ ˞ˢˡ˦˧˥˨˞˖˝˜ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˜ ˠˢκ˘ ˭ˢ˦˧˔͙
˨ˠ˜˘˦˭˖˭ˢˡˬ ˡ˔ ˗ˢ˪ˢ˟ˡ˘˝ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ʟ ˔ ˪˥˔˭ ˭ ˡ˜ˠ
˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˔˞˖˘˦ˢ˥˜˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˘ ˗ˢ·͗˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˪ ˪ˬˣˢ˦˔κ˘ˡ˜˨
˥
˗ˢ ˭˘˦˧˔˪˨ʭ ˞ͅ·˞˔ʟ ˟˜ˡ˔ ˜ ˧˥˔ˣ˘˭ʡ ʺͅ˥ˡ˔ ˥˔ˠ˔ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˜ ˝˘˦˧
ʷ˅ʴʵʼˁʾʴ ʺʼˀˁʴˆˇˌʶˍˁʴ ʠ
˭ˢˣ˧ˬˠ˔˟˜˭ˢ˪˔ˡ˔ʟ ˖ˢ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔ ˭˔ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˝͗ ˠ˔˞˦ˬˠ˔˟ˡ˜˘
˕˟˜˦˞ˢ Ν˖˜˔ˡˬ ˕ˢ˖˭ˡ˘˝ ˜ ˢ˦˭˖˭ͩ˗˭˜͙ ˣˢ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ˡ˜ͩ ˪ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷʿʴʶˍʸʺ˂ ˀ˂ˁˇˈʽʸˀˌ ʽ͗ ˊ ʷ˂ˀˈʲ
ϥ ˃˅ˍˌʺ˂ˇ˂ˊˈʽʸ ʷ˂ ˊʠʹ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʤ ʣʬʬʟʣʣ ˭·
ϥ ˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴ ʾ˂˂˅ʷˌˁʴʶʽͨ
ϥ ˍʴ˃˂ʵʼʸʺʴ ˊʴʷ˂ˀ ˃˂ˆˇʴˊˌ
ϥ ˃˂ˀʴʺʴ ˅˂ˍˊʼʽʴ͘ ˇʴʿʸˁˇˌ
ϥ ˆʾˈˇʸʶˍˁʼʸ ˍˊʴʿʶˍʴ ˁˈʷͨ
ʷ˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ ʤ
ϥ ˊˌʾˆˍˇʴΆʶʴ ʷ˂ʵ˅ʸ ˁʴˊˌʾʼ
ϥ ˍʴˆˇͨ˃ˈʽʸ ˃ʿʴʶ ˍʴʵʴˊ
ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ʠʤ ˝˘˦˧ ˞˟˔˦ˬ˖˭ˡ͗ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞͗ ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔ˡ͗ ϥ
ˣ˥˭ˬΝ˖˜˘ˡˡ˜˘ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˔ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔ ˭˔˥ͅ˪ˡˢ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˗˥͗κ˘˞ ϥ ˃˂˃˅ʴˊʼʴ ʾ˂ˁʷˌʶʽͨ
˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡˬʟ ˝˔˞ ˥ͅ˪ˡ˜˘κ ˠˢκ˟˜˪ˢΝ͙ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡ˜˔ ˡ˔ ˝˔˞˜˘˝
ϥ ˍʴʶʻͨʶʴ ʷ˂ ˆ˃˂˅ˇˈ
˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˠˢˡ˧˨˝˘ˠˬ ˥ͩ˞˔˪˞˜ ·͗˖˭͗˖˘ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞ͩ ˭˘ Ν˖˜˔ˡ͗
ϥ ˅˂ˍΆʴʷ˂ˊˈʽʸ ʸˁʸ˅ʺʼͨ
˕ˢ˖˭ˡ͗ʡ ʷ˥͗κ˘˞ʟ ˞˧ͅ˥˘˚ˢ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞ˢΝ͙ ˠˢκ˘ˠˬ ˥˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔͙ʟ
ϥ ʽʸˆˇ ʷʿʴ ˊˆˍˌˆˇʾʼʶʻ
˥ˢΝˡ˜˘ ˪˥˔˭ ˭ ˗˭˜˘˖˞˜˘ˠʡ ˅˘˚˨˟ˢ˪˔ˡ˘ ˥ͩ˞˔˪˞˜ ˣˢ˭˪˔˟˔˝͗ʟ ˔˕ˬ
˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞˔ ˚˜ˠˡ˔˦˧ˬ˖˭ˡ˔ ʾˢˠ˘˧˔ ˁ˘˫˧ʠʤ ˦˧˔ˡͩ·˔ ˡ˔˪˘˧ ˪ ϥ ˃˂ʵˈʷˍʴ ˊˌ˂ʵ˅ʴηˁʼͨ
˥ˢ˚˨ˢ˚˨ ˣˢ˞ˢ˝˨ʡ ʷ˭˜ͩ˞˜ ˧˘ˠ˨ ˥ˢ˭˪˜͗˭˔ˡ˜˨ ˠˢκˡ˔ ˧˘κ ˢˠ˜ˡ͙͗ ˥˨˥ˬ
˥ ϥ ˃˂ˀʴʺʴ ˊ ˊʴʿʶʸ ˍ ˁʴʷˊʴʺ͖
˖˭ˬ ˞˔˟ˢ˥ˬ˙˘˥ ˪ Ν˖˜˔ˡ˜˘ʟ ˔ ˗˥˔˕˜ˡ˞ͩ ˭˔ˠˢˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˡ˔ ˪˜˘˥˭˖˛ʡ
ʶ˘ˡ˔ʭ ʤ ʣʬʬʟʣʣ ˭· ˀʴΆ˃ʼˆˍ˂ˁ ʴ˟˜ˡ˔ ʷ˔˥˜˕˔˭˔˥ˢˡ
˨˟ʡ Ά˘ˣ˞ˢ˪˦˞˜˘˚ˢ ʫʢʦʤʟ ʦʤʠʧʥʦ ʾ˥˔˞ͅ˪
˪˪˪ʡˠ˔˟ˣ˜˦˭ˢˡʡˣ˟

3°ñē Ñ ñÝ°ã÷ĖÄȤ ÜüèôÄ ñçüôĖÄ»þÛļÑÄȩ



4ÑÄÜüèôÄ ã°÷ĖÄ ñôçÀþÜüē ñç÷Ñ°À°Û· ¼ÄôüēķÜ°ü øôçÀÜèđ ÀēÀ°Üüē¼Ėãē¼Ð Ė°Ýļ°ãē¼Ð Àç þęēüÜþ ÷ĖÜçÝãÄÎçȩ

ã°À°ãē ñôĖÄĖ 3ÑãÑ÷üô° ÀþÜ°¼ÛÑ 4°ôçÀçđÄÛ Ñ HñçôüþȮ

1DV]D RIHUWD WR SRPRFH G\GDNW\F]QH PDS\ V]NROQH PDS\ ǴFLHQQH SODQV]H HGXNDF\MQH SODQV]H MǗ]\NRZH WDEOLFH LQWHUDNW\ZQH

SURJUDP\ HGXNDF\MQH SRPRFH L JU\ SU]HGV]NROQH WDEOLFH G\GDNW\F]QH JOREXV\ RUD] ODPLQRZDQH PD’H IRUPDW\ SRGN’DGNL QD
ELXUNR :V]\VWNLH SODQV]H G\GDNW\F]QH L PDS\ Vnj REXVWURQQLH ODPLQRZDQH PDMnj G’XJnj Ȉ\ZRWQRǴǎ L ]DFKRZXMnj WUZD’RǴǎ NRORUyZ































































HL# . NE8 EL -ôē÷üÑ°ã -çâ°ãÀÄô

8Àôçđ·ę þÝȩ XÑÄÛ÷Ü° Ƶƻ Ȥ ƸƻɎƷƵƺ èô°ęÀęÄ
üÄÝȩȣ ʖƸƼ ƻƻ Ƹƺƻƻ ƷƼƼȤ âç»ÑÝȣ ʖƸƼ ƹƴƶ ƹƶƸ ƺƼƽ
đđđȮâ°ñē÷ĖÜçÝãÄȮñÝ

3°ñē Ñ ñÝ°ã÷ĖÄȤ ÜüèôÄ ñçüôĖÄ»þÛļÑÄȩ



4ÑÄÜüèôÄ ã°÷ĖÄ ñôçÀþÜüē ñç÷Ñ°À°Û· ¼ÄôüēķÜ°ü øôçÀÜèđ ÀēÀ°Üüē¼Ėãē¼Ð Ė°Ýļ°ãē¼Ð Àç þęēüÜþ ÷ĖÜçÝãÄÎçȩ

ã°À°ãē ñôĖÄĖ 3ÑãÑ÷üô° ÀþÜ°¼ÛÑ 4°ôçÀçđÄÛ Ñ HñçôüþȮ

1DV]D RIHUWD WR SRPRFH G\GDNW\F]QH PDS\ V]NROQH PDS\ ǴFLHQQH SODQV]H HGXNDF\MQH SODQV]H MǗ]\NRZH WDEOLFH LQWHUDNW\ZQH

SURJUDP\ HGXNDF\MQH SRPRFH L JU\ SU]HGV]NROQH WDEOLFH G\GDNW\F]QH JOREXV\ RUD] ODPLQRZDQH PD’H IRUPDW\ SRGN’DGNL QD
ELXUNR :V]\VWNLH SODQV]H G\GDNW\F]QH L PDS\ Vnj REXVWURQQLH ODPLQRZDQH PDMnj G’XJnj Ȉ\ZRWQRǴǎ L ]DFKRZXMnj WUZD’RǴǎ NRORUyZ































































HL# . NE8 EL -ôē÷üÑ°ã -çâ°ãÀÄô

8Àôçđ·ę þÝȩ XÑÄÛ÷Ü° Ƶƻ Ȥ ƸƻɎƷƵƺ èô°ęÀęÄ
üÄÝȩȣ ʖƸƼ ƻƻ Ƹƺƻƻ ƷƼƼȤ âç»ÑÝȣ ʖƸƼ ƹƴƶ ƹƶƸ ƺƼƽ
đđđȮâ°ñē÷ĖÜçÝãÄȮñÝ





ĬÜŵÜ
Ř đĥ Ň
ĢĬò


ĬŔŵ
Ň
Ü Ř












ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ʺ˥˔ˠˢ˪˦˖ˬ ˆˣʡʽʡ ˭ ˦˜˘˗˭˜˕͗ ˪ ʵ˨˞ˢ˪˖˨ ˪ˢ˝ʡ ˪˜˘˟˞ˢˣˢ˟˦˞˜˘
ˣˢ˪˦˧˔·˔ ˪ ʤʬʬʦ˥ʡ ʺˢ˦ˣˢ˗˔˥˨˝˘ ˡ˔ ʫʩʣ ˛˔ ˜ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝ͩ ˦˜ͩ ˗˭˜˔·˔˟ˡˢΝ˖˜͗ ˪ ˭˔˞˥˘˦˜˘
ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜ ˥ˢΝ˟˜ˡˡ˘˝ ˜ ˭˪˜˘˥˭ͩ˖˘˝ʟ ˪ ˧ˬˠ ˛ˢ˗ˢ˪˟͗ ˞ͅ˭ʠ ˦˧˔˗ˢ ˣˢ˗˦˧˔˪ˢ˪˘ ˪ˬˡˢ˦˜
ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˜˘ ʥʣʣʣ ˦˭˧˨˞ʡ ˆˣͅ·˞˔ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˦˞˨ˣ˘ˠ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˝˘˚ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˧˪ͅ˥˦˧˪˘ˠ
˜ ˗ˬ˦˧˥ˬ˕˨˖˝͗ ˚ˢ˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˜ ˭˔ ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖͗ʡ ˊ ˖˭˘˥˪˖˨ ʥʣʣʩ ˣ˥˭ˬ
ˣˢˠˢ˖ˬ ˙˜ˡ˔ˡ˦ˢ˪˘˝ ˭ ˣ˥ˢ˚˥˔ˠ˨ ˆʴ˃ʴ˅ʷ ˭ˢ˦˧˔· ˢ˗˗˔ˡˬ ˗ˢ ˨κˬ˧˞˨ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡˬ
˭˔˞·˔˗ ˠ˟˘˖˭˔˥˦˞˜ʡ

Ϣ
Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ˝˘˦˧ ˝˘˗ˬˡˬˠ ˭˔˞·˔˗˘ˠ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˨˝͗˖ˬˠ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ ˪ˬ·͗˖˭ˡ˜˘
˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔˝͗˖ˬˠ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡˬ ˣ˔˥˞ ˠ˔˦˭ˬˡˢ˪ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ʤʣʣʘ ˣˢ˟˦˞˜˘˚ˢ
˞˔ˣ˜˧˔·˨ʡ ˍ˔˞·˔˗ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡˬ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘ ˗ˢ˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˝˘˦˧ ˗ˢ ˢ˕ˢ˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ˬ˖˛
˪ˬˠˢ˚ͅ˪ ˜ ˣ˥˭˘ˣ˜˦ͅ˪ ˈʸʟ ˣ˥˭˘˦˧˥˭˘˚˔ ˭˔˦˔˗ ˗ˢ˕˥˘˝ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞˜ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˘˝ ˪˘
˪˗˥ˢκˢˡˬˠ ˦ˬ˦˧˘ˠ˜˘ ʻʴʶʶ˃ ˜ ʵ˅ʶʡ ˃˥ˢ˖˘˦ˬ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˘ ˢˣ˜˘˥˔ ˡ˔ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡ˘˝
˧˘˖˛ˡ˜˖˘ ˜ ˡ˔˝ˡˢ˪˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˧˘˖˛ˡˢ˟ˢ˚˜˔˖˛ʟ ˔ ˠ˟˘˞ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˭ˡ˔˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˗ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜ ˝˘˦˧
ˡ˔˝˪ˬκ˦˭˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʡ ˀ˜˦˝͗ ˙˜˥ˠˬ ˝˘˦˧ ˦˧˔·˘ ˗͗κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˗ˢ ˨˧˥˭ˬˠ˔ˡ˜˔ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨
˝
˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˢ˙˘˥ˢ˪˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪ ˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˖ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˞·˔˗˔ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔ ˨˭ˡ˔ˡ˜˘
˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ ˪ˬ˖˛ˢ˗˭͗˖ ˡ˔ˣ˥˭˘˖˜˪ ˢ˖˭˘˞˜˪˔ˡ˜ˢˠ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪
˪ˣ˥ˢ˪˔˗˭˔ ˡ˔ ˥ˬˡ˘˞ ˡˢ˪˘ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ

˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢ ˢ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˖ˢ ˚˪˔˥˔ˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˠ˔ ˦˧˔˕˜˟ˡˢΝ͙
˦ˣ˥˭˘˗˔κˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˨˧˥˭ˬˠ˔ˡ˜˘ ˠ˔˥˞˜ ˙˜˥ˠˬ ˡ˔ ˧˥˨˗ˡˬˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˔˥˧ˬ˞˨·ͅ˪ ˦ˣˢκˬ˪˖˭ˬ˖˛ʡ
ˊ ˖˛˪˜˟˜ ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˘˝ ˠ˟˘˖˭˔˥ˡ˜˔ ˣ˥˭˘˥˔˕˜˔ ˢ˞ˢ·ˢ ʩ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˀ˟˘˞˔ʡ

Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ˘˞˦ˣˢ˥˧˨˝˘ ˦˪ˢ˝˘ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ ˗ˢʭ ˁ˜˘ˠ˜˘˖ʟ ʶ˭˘˖˛ʟ ˆ·ˢ˪˔˖˝˜ʟ Άˢ˧˪ˬʟ ʿ˜˧˪ˬʟ
ʸ˦˧ˢˡ˜˜ʟ ʹ˜ˡ˟˔ˡ˗˜˜ʟ ˈ˞˥˔˜ˡˬʡ

Ƞȟȟʤ ĢĴŻđ÷ īĥ÷ĢĴ















ʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆ ʺ˅ʴˀ˂ˊˆʶˌ ˆ˃ʡ ʽʡ ˊˊˊʡʷʴˁˀʼˆʡʶ˂ˀʡ˃ʿ

ʵ˨˞ˢ˪˜˘˖ ʦʧʟ ʩʧʠʫʦʧ ˊˬ˦˭ˬˡˬ ˗˔ˡˠ˜˦ʳ˗˔ˡˠ˜˦ʡ˖ˢˠʡˣ˟

ĬÜŵÜ
Ř đĥ Ň
ĢĬò


ĬŔŵ
Ň
Ü Ř












ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ʺ˥˔ˠˢ˪˦˖ˬ ˆˣʡʽʡ ˭ ˦˜˘˗˭˜˕͗ ˪ ʵ˨˞ˢ˪˖˨ ˪ˢ˝ʡ ˪˜˘˟˞ˢˣˢ˟˦˞˜˘
ˣˢ˪˦˧˔·˔ ˪ ʤʬʬʦ˥ʡ ʺˢ˦ˣˢ˗˔˥˨˝˘ ˡ˔ ʫʩʣ ˛˔ ˜ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝ͩ ˦˜ͩ ˗˭˜˔·˔˟ˡˢΝ˖˜͗ ˪ ˭˔˞˥˘˦˜˘
ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜ ˥ˢΝ˟˜ˡˡ˘˝ ˜ ˭˪˜˘˥˭ͩ˖˘˝ʟ ˪ ˧ˬˠ ˛ˢ˗ˢ˪˟͗ ˞ͅ˭ʠ ˦˧˔˗ˢ ˣˢ˗˦˧˔˪ˢ˪˘ ˪ˬˡˢ˦˜
ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˜˘ ʥʣʣʣ ˦˭˧˨˞ʡ ˆˣͅ·˞˔ ˭˔˝ˠ˨˝˘ ˦˜ͩ ˦˞˨ˣ˘ˠ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˝˘˚ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˧˪ͅ˥˦˧˪˘ˠ
˜ ˗ˬ˦˧˥ˬ˕˨˖˝͗ ˚ˢ˧ˢ˪ˬ˖˛ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˜ ˭˔ ˚˥˔ˡ˜˖͗ʡ ˊ ˖˭˘˥˪˖˨ ʥʣʣʩ ˣ˥˭ˬ
ˣˢˠˢ˖ˬ ˙˜ˡ˔ˡ˦ˢ˪˘˝ ˭ ˣ˥ˢ˚˥˔ˠ˨ ˆʴ˃ʴ˅ʷ ˭ˢ˦˧˔· ˢ˗˗˔ˡˬ ˗ˢ ˨κˬ˧˞˨ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡˬ
˭˔˞·˔˗ ˠ˟˘˖˭˔˥˦˞˜ʡ

Ϣ
Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ˝˘˦˧ ˝˘˗ˬˡˬˠ ˭˔˞·˔˗˘ˠ ˪ ˃ˢ˟˦˖˘ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˨˝͗˖ˬˠ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ ˪ˬ·͗˖˭ˡ˜˘
˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˣˢ˦˜˔˗˔˝͗˖ˬˠ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡˬ ˣ˔˥˞ ˠ˔˦˭ˬˡˢ˪ˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ʤʣʣʘ ˣˢ˟˦˞˜˘˚ˢ
˞˔ˣ˜˧˔·˨ʡ ˍ˔˞·˔˗ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡˬ ˖˔·˞ˢ˪˜˖˜˘ ˗ˢ˦˧ˢ˦ˢ˪˔ˡˬ ˝˘˦˧ ˗ˢ ˢ˕ˢ˪˜͗˭˨˝͗˖ˬ˖˛
˪ˬˠˢ˚ͅ˪ ˜ ˣ˥˭˘ˣ˜˦ͅ˪ ˈʸʟ ˣ˥˭˘˦˧˥˭˘˚˔ ˭˔˦˔˗ ˗ˢ˕˥˘˝ ˣ˥˔˞˧ˬ˞˜ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˘˝ ˪˘
˪˗˥ˢκˢˡˬˠ ˦ˬ˦˧˘ˠ˜˘ ʻʴʶʶ˃ ˜ ʵ˅ʶʡ ˃˥ˢ˖˘˦ˬ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖ˬ˝ˡ˘ ˢˣ˜˘˥˔ ˡ˔ ˡˢ˪ˢ˖˭˘˦ˡ˘˝
˧˘˖˛ˡ˜˖˘ ˜ ˡ˔˝ˡˢ˪˦˭ˬ˖˛ ˧˘˖˛ˡˢ˟ˢ˚˜˔˖˛ʟ ˔ ˠ˟˘˞ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˭ˡ˔˖˭ˢˡ˘ ˗ˢ ˣ˥ˢ˗˨˞˖˝˜ ˝˘˦˧
ˡ˔˝˪ˬκ˦˭˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʡ ˀ˜˦˝͗ ˙˜˥ˠˬ ˝˘˦˧ ˦˧˔·˘ ˗͗κ˘ˡ˜˘ ˗ˢ ˨˧˥˭ˬˠ˔ˡ˜˔ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˚ˢ ˣˢ˭˜ˢˠ˨
˝
˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ ˢ˙˘˥ˢ˪˔ˡˬ˖˛ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ͅ˪ ˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢʟ ˖ˢ ˣ˥˭˘˞·˔˗˔ ˦˜ͩ ˡ˔ ˨˭ˡ˔ˡ˜˘
˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪ʡ ʹ˜˥ˠ˔ ˪ˬ˖˛ˢ˗˭͗˖ ˡ˔ˣ˥˭˘˖˜˪ ˢ˖˭˘˞˜˪˔ˡ˜ˢˠ ˞ˢˡ˦˨ˠ˘ˡ˧ͅ˪
˪ˣ˥ˢ˪˔˗˭˔ ˡ˔ ˥ˬˡ˘˞ ˡˢ˪˘ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ

˭ ˠ˟˘˞˔ ˞ˢ˭˜˘˚ˢ ˢ ˕˔˥˗˭ˢ ˪ˬ˦ˢ˞˜˘˝ ˝˔˞ˢΝ˖˜ʟ ˖ˢ ˚˪˔˥˔ˡ˧ˢ˪˔͙ ˠ˔ ˦˧˔˕˜˟ˡˢΝ͙
˦ˣ˥˭˘˗˔κˬ ˢ˥˔˭ ˨˧˥˭ˬˠ˔ˡ˜˘ ˠ˔˥˞˜ ˙˜˥ˠˬ ˡ˔ ˧˥˨˗ˡˬˠ ˥ˬˡ˞˨ ˔˥˧ˬ˞˨·ͅ˪ ˦ˣˢκˬ˪˖˭ˬ˖˛ʡ
ˊ ˖˛˪˜˟˜ ˢ˕˘˖ˡ˘˝ ˠ˟˘˖˭˔˥ˡ˜˔ ˣ˥˭˘˥˔˕˜˔ ˢ˞ˢ·ˢ ʩ ˠ˟ˡ ˟˜˧˥ͅ˪ ˀ˟˘˞˔ʡ

Ϣʴʺ˅˂ʠʷʴˁˀʼˆϡ ˘˞˦ˣˢ˥˧˨˝˘ ˦˪ˢ˝˘ ˪ˬ˥ˢ˕ˬ ˗ˢʭ ˁ˜˘ˠ˜˘˖ʟ ʶ˭˘˖˛ʟ ˆ·ˢ˪˔˖˝˜ʟ Άˢ˧˪ˬʟ ʿ˜˧˪ˬʟ
ʸ˦˧ˢˡ˜˜ʟ ʹ˜ˡ˟˔ˡ˗˜˜ʟ ˈ˞˥˔˜ˡˬʡ

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