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Published by B&R, 2017-10-31 09:04:33

MP Pacanow

%GPVTWO DCLMK VQ PQYQE\GUPC RNCEȡYMC ȰE\ȰEC GFWMCELɂ
MWNVWTCNPȰ \ TQ\T[YMȰ K \CDCYȰ








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ɹYKCV ť OCIKE\PC MTCKPC MVȡTC LGUV RQȰE\GPKGO PKG\Y[MGIQ OW\GWO \ KPVGTCMV[YPȰ
Y[UVCYȰ /QʝPC VCO \QDCE\[Ȳ RTCYF\KYG \KCTPMQ ITQEJW MVȡTG PKG FCYCQ URCȲ /C[ VGCVT VQ MCOGTCNPC UEGPC NCNMQYC RTG\GPVWLȰEC \PCPG K NWDKCPG DCɺPKG Y RKɂMP[EJ
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2Q URGMVCMNW YKF\QYKG WE\GUVPKE\Ȱ Y MTȡVMKGL RTGNGMELK Q VGCVT\G NCNMQY[O 1INȰFCLȰ NCNMK
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%GPVTWO DCLMK VQ PQYQE\GUPC RNCEȡYMC ȰE\ȰEC GFWMCELɂ


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9 %GPVTWO $CLMK ȰE\[O[ GFWMCELɂ MWNVWTCNPȰ \ TQ\T[YMȰ K \CDCYȰ 0C F\KGEK E\GMC $CLMQY[ /C[ VGCVT
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Y[UVCYȰ /QʝPC VCO \QDCE\[Ȳ RTCYF\KYG \KCTPMQ ITQEJW MVȡTG PKG FCYCQ URCȲ /C[ VGCVT VQ MCOGTCNPC UEGPC NCNMQYC RTG\GPVWLȰEC \PCPG K NWDKCPG DCɺPKG Y RKɂMP[EJ
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F]WHUG]LHVWROHWQLHM KLVWRULL .UDMRZHJR )HVWLZDOX 3ROVNLHM 3LRVHQNL MHVW QDMOHSV]\P ȏ URG]LQQ\ Ȃ ]Ą GRURVĄ\FK G]LHFL
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SLRVHQNL Z GLDORJX PLÛG]\NXOWXURZ\P QD U]HF] SURPRFML PLDVWD L SRGQLHVLHQLD MHJR
DWUDNF\MQRĝFL WXU\VW\F]QHM 2SROH MDNR ȌVWROLFD SROVNLHM SLRVHQNLȋ ] WUDG\FMDPL SRQDG ȏ QRUPDOQ\ Ȃ ]Ą ȏ XOJRZ\ Ȃ ]Ą ȏ JUXSRZ\ Ȃ ]Ą
F]WHUG]LHVWROHWQLHM KLVWRULL .UDMRZHJR )HVWLZDOX 3ROVNLHM 3LRVHQNL MHVW QDMOHSV]\P ȏ URG]LQQ\ Ȃ ]Ą GRURVĄ\FK G]LHFL
PLHMVFHP GR SRZVWDQLD LQVW\WXFML ]DMPXMÇFHM VLÛ JURPDG]HQLHP NDWDORJRZDQLHP %LOHW\ PRJÇ 3DĆVWZR NXSLÉ
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] ȏ Z NDVDFK 1&33 Z $PȴWHDWU]H
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$QQD :\V]NRQL Z 0DĄHM $NDGHPLL 3LRVHQNL
0DULD 6DGRZVND WR SROVND SLRVHQNDUND Z\NRQXMÇFD PX]\NÛ MD]] SRS IXQN

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ȴOPRZ\FK P LQ Z 0RVNZLH 7DMSHM %RORQLL %DUFHORQLH 6WDPEXOH L 3DU\ľX
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] JRVSRGDU]HP PX]\F]Q\P ΖJRUHP 3U]HELQGRZVNLP ]DSURVLOL G]LHFL QD QLH]Z\NĄH ZDUV]WDW\
PX]\F]QH SRGF]DV NWµU\FK ZVSµOQLH ĝSLHZDOL DOH SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GREU]H VLÛ EDZLOL










































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$QQD :\V]NRQL Z 0DĄHM $NDGHPLL 3LRVHQNL
0DULD 6DGRZVND WR SROVND SLRVHQNDUND Z\NRQXMÇFD PX]\NÛ MD]] SRS IXQN

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ȴOPRZ\FK P LQ Z 0RVNZLH 7DMSHM %RORQLL %DUFHORQLH 6WDPEXOH L 3DU\ľX
PX]\F]QH ]DMÛFLD GOD G]LHFL Z ZLHNX SU]HGV]NROQ\P L ZF]HVQRV]NROQ\P D WDNľH
PLQLNRQFHUW GOD QDMPĄRGV]\FK 2SRODQ 0 0DULD 6DGRZVND E\ĄD JRĝFLHP 0DĄHM $NDGHPLL 3LRVHQNL PDUFD $UW\VWND ZUD]
] JRVSRGDU]HP PX]\F]Q\P ΖJRUHP 3U]HELQGRZVNLP ]DSURVLOL G]LHFL QD QLH]Z\NĄH ZDUV]WDW\
PX]\F]QH SRGF]DV NWµU\FK ZVSµOQLH ĝSLHZDOL DOH SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GREU]H VLÛ EDZLOL










































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