Classification of FUNGI Phylum Zygomycota e.g. Rhizopus sp. Phylum Ascomycota e.g. Penicillium sp. Phylum Basidiomycota e.g. Agaricus sp. (Base on types of spore –bearing structure) Learning Outcomes : 1.5(b) State the classification of Fungi phyla based on the spore bearing structure 51
Learning Outcomes : 1.5(b) State the classification of Fungi phyla based on the spore bearing structure i) Phylum Zygomycota : Rhizopus sp. -hyphae aseptate -sexual reproduction by conjugation producing zygospore -asexual reproduction by producing sporangia which produce spores -saprotrophic ,some parasitic -terrestrial & widespread Rhizopus stolonifer (black bread mold). Commonly found on bread surfaces, it takes food and nutrients from the bread and causes damage to the surface where it lives. 52
ii) Phylum Ascomycota : Penicillium sp. Learning Outcomes : 1.5(b) State the classification of Fungi phyla based on the spore bearing structure -hyphae septate -asexual reproduction by conidia -sexual reproduction by ascus containing ascospores -saprotrophic , parasitic -terrestrial & widespread to produce antibiotic penicillin 53
iii) Phylum Basidiomycota : Agaricus sp. Learning Outcomes : 1.5(b) State the classification of Fungi phyla based on the spore bearing structure -hyphae septate -sexual reproduction, formation of club-shaped basidia bearing basidiospores -asexual reproduction rarely occur -saprotrophic , parasitic -terrestrial & widespread Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species 54
Phylum Zygomycota Phylum Ascomycota Phylum Basidiomycota Sexual spores Zygospores Ascospores Basidiospores Sexual reproductive structure Zygosporangium Asci (ascus ~singular), found within ascocarps Basidia (basidium~sing.), found in basidiocarps Hyphae Coenocytic (Aseptate) Septate Septate Sexual reproduction Fusion of gametangia produces zygospores. Involves conjugation. Formation of ascus. A ascus produces ascospores. Formation of basidia. A basidium produces basidiospores on the outside. Asexual reproduction * Disseminate by Involves spores produced in sporangia. * Air, insects & water Involves Conidia dispersed off from end of conidiophores * Wind (uncommon) Common types Mucor, Rhizopus sp. Penicilium sp. & Saccharomyces sp. Mushrooms ( Agaricus compestris ) 55
Fungi : Difference in sexual reproductive structure Learning Outcomes : 1.5(b) State the classification of Fungi phyla based on the spore bearing structure 56