Performing basic troubleshooting of cable fault and error

COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector:

INFORMATION AND COMNMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

Qualification:

TELECOM OSP AND SUBSCRIBER LINE INSTALLATION
(Copper Cable/POTS and DSL) NC II

Unit of Competency:

Perform Basic Troubleshooting and Correction of Cable Fault & Error

Module Title: :

Performing Basic Troubleshooting and Correction of Cable Fault & Error

Developed by:

Ramon L. Gonzales, Lead Training Officer
Network Access Technology

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY
Technical Training Division

Table of contents

Contents page

Glossary of Terms………………………………………………………. 2

Introduction………………………………………………………………. 3

Information Sheet # 1…………………………………………………… 4
LO1. Prepare for Cable Fault and Error Troubleshooting

Information Sheet # 2…………………………………………………… 20
LO2. Test and Correct Cable Faults and Errors

Information Sheet # 3…………………………………………………… 24
LO3. Wrap-up Job

Operation Sheet……………………………………………………….… 25

Job Sheet………………………………………………………….……… 27

Self – Check……………………………………………………………… 36

Answer Key…………………………………………………………….... 38

Performance Test………………………………………………….…… 39

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Glossary of Terms:

Aerial Cable – suspended and attached on telephone pole for distribution purposes.

Aerial Platform -
Usually with two platforms guys tied to the pole or the ladder when working at mid-
span and two or four ropes with platform hooks at the ends, used to fasten it to the
strand used by splicer when performing aerial works.

Communication Cable – is used for the distribution and small copper wires for voice
and data signals

Copper cable -- Electric power cables made from twisted pair copper wire.

Environment - The area surrounding the work site which can be directly or indirectly
affected by occurrences at the work site. It includes the atmosphere, soils, drains,
underground water tables, and the ecosystem. Protection of the environment would
require the proper disposal of waste materials, restriction of burning off, the correct
handling of toxic substances, the containment of CFCs and the like.

Hazardous Materials - Flammable gases and vapors and combustible dusts.

Pre-cautions:
A measure taken in advance to avert possible evil or to secure good results

Cable Tester - cable tester is used to verify that all of the intended connections exist
and that there are no unintended connections in the cable being tested. When an
intended connection is missing it is said to be "open". When an unintended connection
exists it is said to be a "short". If a connection "goes to the wrong place" it is said to be
"mis-wired" (the connection has two faults: it is open to the correct contact and shorted
to an incorrect contact).

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Program/Course: Telecom OSP and Subscriber Line Installation
Unit of Competency:
Perform Basic Troubleshooting and Correction of Cable Fault &
Module Title: Error

Performing Basic Troubleshooting and Correction of Cable Fault
& Error

INTRODUCTION:

This module is designed to enhance the knowledge, skills and attitude of the trainees in
performing basic cable troubleshooting of copper cable faults and errors

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Upon completion of this module you should be able to:
1. Prepare for cable fault and error troubleshooting
2. Test and correct cable faults and errors
3. Wrap up job

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INFORMATION SHEET # 1

LO1.
Prepare for cable fault and error troubleshooting

Objective:
Upon completion of this topic participants should be able to prepare and identify
basic tool and equipment for testing and describe

Aside from the previous list of tools, materials and equipment, hereunder are the additional;
LIST OF TOOLS, MATERIALS and EQUIPMENT
1. Line Man’s Hand set

Is a handy telephone instrument used by the cable splicers on underground and aerial
operation, for communicating testing on cable pairs.

2. MEGGER
Is a cable testing equipment used to test cable pair insulation resistance.

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INFORMATION SHEET # 1

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INFORMATION SHEET # 1

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INFORMATION SHEET # 1

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INFORMATION SHEET # 2

LO2.
Test and Correct Cable Faults and Errors

Objective:
Upon completion of this topic participants should be able to identify, localize,
measure and locate cable fault and errors.

Establishing Talking Pair
This is the process of conducting talking pair between the leadmanheadcrew and
helper or assistance to perform continuity testing.

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INFORMATION SHEET # 2

BATTERY RECEIVER METHOD
Test for Ground

Test for Short

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INFORMATION SHEET # 2

Test for Open

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INFORMATION SHEET # 2

Dynatel 955/965
Equipment used to identify, locate and measure cable fault and errors

Dynatel

Test and Measuring Equipment

The Dynatel 965 subscriber loop analyzer
performs all the tests needed to analyze
and troubleshoot the subscriber loop, as
well as cable plant in a single, portable unit.
In addition, the 965 uses combinations of

its test measurements in automatic functions
called DC Line Test and AC Line Test, which
interpret results and lead the operator toward
possible solutions to complex cable problems.

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INFORMATION SHEET # 3

LO3.
Wrap-up Job

Objective:
Upon discussion participant should be able to complete task in performing wrap-up
job.

As defined:

1. To arrange or fold (something) about as cover or protection
2. To cover, envelop, or encase, as by folding or coiling something about
3. .To enclose, especially in paper, and fasten
4. To clasp, fold, or coil about something
5. To move (text that will not fit on a line) automatically to the following line.
6. To envelop and obscure
7. To surround or involve in a specified quality or atmosphere
8. To engross.
9. To coil or twist about or around something
10. To be moved automatically to the following line upon reaching a margin. Used of

text.
11. To put on warm clothing. Usually used with up.
12. To conclude filming.
13. A garment to be wrapped or folded about a person, especially an outer garment such

as a robe, cloak, shawl, or coat.
14. A blanket.
15. A wrapping or wrapper.
16. A flatbread, such as a tortilla or lavash, rolled around a filling.
17. The completion of filming on a movie.

-

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OPERATION SHEET

PURPOSE: • Is to prepare the required tools, materials and equipment
prior to basic cable testing

• Test and correct cable fault and errors
• Complete works and declare clearance and acceptance

PROCEDURE: 1. Arrange tools, materials and equipment needed..
PRECAUTIONS: 2. Extend ladder to pole.as per manufactures specifications and

techniques.
3. Wear safety gadgets to prevent accident
4. Ascend and descend on pole with care
5. Identify cable pairs/binders
6. Localized cable fault and errors
7. Measure and locate fault location
8. Recovery and arrangement of tools, materials and

equipment.

1. Practice placement or installation of collapsible sign to
prevent accident.

2. For body belt and safety traps, look for the following defects:
A. Leather cracks, cut tears, broken stitches and loose
rivets.
B. Defective buckles, snap hooks, keepers and d-ring.
Should there be any defect, correct them before using
the equipments.
C. If the defect can be corrected change the equipment into
new ones.

QUALITY CRITERIA: 1. Extended ladder should be properly in placed

2. Completeness of tools and materials are necessary

3. Proper usage of tools and materials must be observed

4. Results of cable testing must concur with the measurement
and localization.

5. Measurements and supports are observed to protect
sagging.
.

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JOB SHEET

Objective:

Upon completion of the job/task participants should be able to prepare , identify,
troubleshoot, measure and locate fault

Materials, Tools and Equipment

1. Line man’s Handset
2. Poly/lineman’s knife
3. Meter tape
4. Test equipment
5. Extension/manhole ladder
6. PPE

Instructions:

Step by step follow instruction as per discussion, explanation and perform
practical exercises.

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JOB SHEET

CABLE TESTING USING DYNATEL TEST EQUIPMENT
1. Fault Identification

• Switch on test equipment
• Connect hook-ups
• Press resistance key to automatically read cable faults
• Record identified cable fault reading

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JOB SHEET

For Ground Fault

• Connect test leads as per color to identified cable fault
• Switch-on test equipment
• Calibrate to cable
• Check test leads as Hook-ups for GROUND
• Press* key to start fault identification
• Wait test equipment readings( automatic result is given by the test equipment
• Press* as directed to automatically measured and displayed 1ST RESULTS
• AGAIN, press* to automatically measure the complete distances of cable

faults

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JOB SHEET

Short Fault with Single pair hook-up

• Connect test leads as per color to identified cable fault
• Switch-on test equipment
• Calibrate to cable
• Check test leads as Hook-ups for SHORT
• Press* key to start fault identification
• Wait test equipment readings( automatic result is given by the test equipment
• Press* as directed to automatically measured and displayed 1ST RESULTS
• AGAIN, press* to automatically measure the complete distances of cable

faults

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JOB SHEET

Short Fault with Separate good pair hook-up

• Connect test leads as per color to identified cable fault
• Switch-on test equipment
• Calibrate to cable
• Check test leads as Hook-ups for SHORT
• Press* key to start fault identification
• Wait test equipment readings( automatic result is given by the test equipment
• Press* as directed to automatically measured and displayed 1ST RESULTS
• AGAIN, press* to automatically measure the complete distances of cable

faults

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JOB SHEET

CROSS Fault with Single pair hook-up

• Connect test leads as per color to identified cable fault
• Switch-on test equipment
• Calibrate to cable
• Check test leads as Hook-ups for CROSS
• Press* key to start fault identification
• Wait test equipment readings( automatic result is given by the test equipment
• Press* as directed to automatically measured and displayed 1ST RESULTS
• AGAIN, press* to automatically measure the complete distances of cable

faults

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JOB SHEET

Battery Cross Fault with Separate good pair hook-up

• Connect test leads as per color to identified cable fault
• Switch-on test equipment
• Calibrate to cable
• Check test leads as Hook-ups for SHORT
• Press* key to start fault identification
• Wait test equipment readings( automatic result is given by the test equipment
• Press* as directed to automatically measured and displayed 1ST RESULTS
• AGAIN, press* to automatically measure the complete distances of cable

faults

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JOB SHEET

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JOB SHEET

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SELF-CHECK

Directions: Select the correct answer:

1. What is the Craftsman’s Golden Rule?
A. 5% of all telephone cable faults are located in an access point and the other 95% can
be in mid span.
B. 50% of all telephone cable faults are located in an access point and the other 50% can
be in mid span.
C. 25% of all telephone cable faults are located in an access point and the other 75% can
be in mid span.
D. 95% of all telephone cable faults are located in an access point and the other 5% can
be in mid span.

2. Test equipment used for identification, localization and measurement of cable faults XYZ
A. DYNATEL 710
B. DYNATEL 735
C. DYNATEL 955/965
D. CYNATEL 955/965

3. A fault between a non – working pair and another or non- working pair
A. grounded
B. cross
C. battery cross
D. none of the above

4. Total disconnection or total break of wire, pair of wire/wires
A. Open
B. Shorted
C. Grounded
D. Reverse

5. A combination of resistance and capacitance faults
A. Open
B. Dirty Open
C. Tip Open
D. Ring Open

6. An splicing error where one conductor of the pair is spliced to another pair
A. Reverse
B. Transposed
C. Split
D. Cross

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SELF-CHECK

7. What is the name of game in Cable Troubleshooting and Repair
A. Techniques
B. Ability
C. Flexibility
D. Skill

8. Fault Measurements hook-up using good wire to determine cable faults
A. Double pair hook-up
B. Single pair hook-up
C. Separate good pair hook-up
D. All of the above

9. Fault Measurements hook-up using good 2 wire to determine cable faults
A. Double pair hook-up
B. Single pair hook-up
C. Separate good pair hook-up
D. All of the above

10. Disconnection of total break of one wire color BLUE
A. Open tip
B. Open ring
C. Open tip and ring
D. All of the above

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ANSWER KEY

1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. B
9. C
10. B

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PERFORMANCE TEST

Learner's Name Date
Competency:
Test Attempt
1st 2nd 3rd

Directions: OVERALL EVALUATION

CALL INSTRUCTOR, ask Level PERFORMANCE LEVELS
instructor to assess your Achieved
performance in the following
critical task and performance 4 - Can perform this skill without supervision and with
criteria below initiative and adaptability to problem situations.

You will be rated based on the 3 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
overall evaluation on the right assistance or supervision.
side.
2 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but requires
some assistance and/or supervision.

1 - Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily, but
requires considerable assistance and/or supervision.

Instructor will initial level achieved.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS Yes No N/A
For acceptable achievement, all items should receive a "Yes" or
"N/A" response.
1. Documentation are required and interpreted in accordance with

enterprise procedures

2. Necessary tools, equipment, materials and personal protective
equipment (PPE) are identified and prepared in line with job
requirements

3. Cable pair’s identification and preparation is performed in
accordance with job requirements and assignments

4. Identification and interpretation of cable faults and errors is
performed as per job requirements

5. Corrective action is applied in line with enterprise procedure

6. Accomplishment report is prepared according to enterprise policy

7. Tools, equipment and materials are gathered and stored back to
the service vehicle

8. Waste materials are removed from work place and disposed off in
accordance with government regulations and environmental
requirements

9. Changes made are restored to the work area during installation,
splicing/jointing and re-splicing to complete/clear for acceptance
and approval

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