Core 1 - Carrying out minor vehicle maintenance and servicing

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-2

Routine Service and Maintenance of Light Vehicle

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. identify the routine service and maintenance of light
vehicle;
2. discuss the routine service and maintenance of light
vehicle; and
3. apply the routine service and maintenance of light
vehicle.

Introduction

In this information sheet technician must learn how service
the light duty vehicle not only by familiarizing its system but
also on how to apply the maintenance procedure

Series of maintenance procedures carried out at a set time
interval or after the vehicle has travelled a certain distance.
The service intervals are specified by the vehicle manufacturer
in a service schedule and some modern cars display the due
date for the next service electronically on the instrument panel.

The completed services are usually recorded in a service
book which is rubber stamped by the service center upon
completion of each service. A complete service history usually
adds to the resale value of a vehicle.

Contents

1. Scheduling

2. Common maintenance

3. See also

4. References

5. Scheduling

The actual schedule of car maintenance varies depending on
the year, make, and model of a car, its driving conditions and

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driver behavior. Car makers recommend the so-called extreme
or the ideal service schedule based on impact parameters such
as

• Number of trips and distance travelled per trip per
day
• Extreme hot or cold climate conditions
• Mountainous, dusty or de-iced roads
• Heavy stop-and-go vs. long-distance cruising
Towing a trailer or other heavy load Experienced service
advisors in dealerships and independent shops
recommend schedule intervals, which are often in
between the ideal or extreme service schedule. They base
it on the driving conditions and behavior of the car
owner or driver.
Common maintenance
Maintenance tasks commonly carried out during a motor
vehicle service include:

1. Change the engine oil

2. Replace the oil filter

3. Replace the air filter

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4. Replace the fuel filter
Replace the cabin filter

5. Replace the spark

plugs

6. Tune the engine

7. Check level and refill brake
fluid/clutch fluid

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8. Check Brake

Pads/Liners, Brake Discs/Drums,

and replace if worn out.

9. Check level and refill power
steering fluid

10. Check level and refill Automatic/Manual

Transmission Fluid

11. Grease and lubricate
components

12. Inspect and replace the timing
belt or timing chain if needed

13. Check condition of the tires

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14. Check for proper

operation of all lights, wipers etc.

15. Check for any Error codes
in the ECU and take corrective action.

16. Wash the vehicle and clean
the interiors.

17. Use scan tool read trouble

code.

Mechanical parts that may cause the car to cease transmission
or prove unsafe for the road are also noted and advised upon.

In the United Kingdom, few parts that are not inspected on the
MOT test are inspected and advised upon a Service Inspection,
including: Clutch, Gearbox, Car Battery, and Engine
components (further inspections than MOT). 1

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SELF-CHECK 1.2-2

Routine Service and Maintenance of Light Vehicle

Enumeration:
Direction: What are the maintenance tasks commonly
carried out during a motor vehicle service. Write your
answer in a ¼ sheet of pad paper.

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ANSWER KEY 1.2-2

Routine Service and Maintenance of Light Vehicle

Enumeration: Change the engine oil
1.

2. Replace the oil filter

3. Replace the air filter

4. Replace the fuel filter

5. Replace the cabin filter

6. Replace the spark plugs

7. Tune the engine

8. Check level and refill brake fluid/clutch fluid

9. Check Brake Pads/Liners, Brake Discs/Drums,
and replace if worn out.

10. Check level and refill power steering fluid

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INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-3

Minor Routine Repair and Servicing

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. identify the Minor Routine Repair and Servicing;
2. discuss the Minor Routine Repair and Servicing; and
3. apply Minor Routine Repair and Servicing.

Introduction
A minor check-up routine should be performed by the technician in
order to insure the safety of the vehicle and the person using it.

Steps on how to perform minor check up

Step 1: Purchase Oil and Filter

Look in your vehicle's manual to determine
what type of oil and how much to purchase.
Purchase the oil at your local auto parts store.
While there, you can also ask them what type
of oil filter you need for your vehicle.

Step 2: Identify Tools and Materials

Locate all the tools and materials you'll need
for the maintenance service and have them
handy so you don't have to search for them
while working. You'll need the following
tools:

1. Car jack

2. Creeper

3. Basic wrench

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4. Screw driver
5. Pressure gauge
6. Air nozzle
7. Filter wrench
8. Socket
9. Air impact wrench
10. Oil Filter
11. Oil
12. Rag
13. Oil pan (no pictured)
14. Funnel (optional)

Step 3: Warm Up and Jack Up Vehicle

Materials Needed for Step: Car Jack

Start vehicle until engine

temperature gauge rises about a

quarter of the way. This will allow the

oil to drain faster and to get a thick

goop out that is bad for the engine.

Find a spot on the frame of the vehicle preferably to jack up
the vehicle high enough for you to fit under it while on the
creeper.

Step 4: Drain Old Oil

Materials Needed for Step:
• Creeper, Wrench,
• Rags,
• Oil

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• pan

Locate the oil plug.
 (Manual will describe its location)
 Place pan under the plug to catch oil.
 Remove oil plug with properly sized wrench.
 Once oil has stopped draining, wipe surface
clean and put oil plug back in.
 Tighten oil plug securely.

Step 5: Change Oil Filter
Materials Needed for Step:

• Oil Filter Wrench,

• New Oil Filter,
• Rags, Oil Pan, Oil

 Locate the oil
filter which is
usually close to the
oil plug. (Manual will describe its location)

 Unscrew old oil filter using filter wrench and
rags.

 Place old oil filter in oil pan with old drained oil.

 Locate the O-ring on the new oil filter and

lubricate it with some of the new oil.

 Screw the new oil filter on hand-tight.

Step 6: Add New Oil

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Materials Needed for Step:

• Oil
• Funnel (optional)

 Locate and remove
the engine oil cap.
 Pour in the
predetermined
amount of oil.
 Replace engine oil cap.
 Start and run vehicle for a few seconds to allow new
oil to circulate through the engine.
 Check to ensure oil level is correct via the dipstick.

The Oil Change portion of the service is now completed!

Step 7: Remove Tires

Materials Needed for Step:

• Car
• Jack,
• Air
• Impact
• Wrench,
• Socket

 If vehicle is not still jacked up, jack up vehicle
on one side enough so that both side tires are off the
ground.

 Use air impact wrench and socket to remove all
lug nuts from both tires.
 Lift off both tires and set aside.

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Step 8: Check Breaks

Materials Needed for Step:

• car
• jack

While the tires are off,
look at break pad to
make sure there is
plenty of pad left.

Step 9: Rotate Tires and Put Back On

Materials Needed for Step:

• car
• jack,

• air

• impact wrench,

• socket

 Rotate tires. Move front tire to back and back
tire to front.

 Place tires back on lugs.

 Screw lug nuts back on.

 Let vehicle off car jack.

 Repeat
steps 7
through
9 on
opposite
side.

Rotate tires
and Check
Break part of service are now completed.

Step 10: Step 10: Check Tire Pressure

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Materials Needed for Step:

• Tire
• Pressure gauge, Air nozzle

 Look on the tires to find the desired PSI the
tires should be inflated to.

 Use pressure gauge to check pressure in all
four tires.

 Use air nozzle to inflate if needed.

Step 11: Check Fluid Levels

Materials Needed for Step:

• This is a good time

to check your anti-

freeze and whipper

blade fluid levels.

• Both levels can be
check under the hood and each should be indicated by text
to picture on their caps.

Step 12: Update Records

Materials Needed for Step:

• paper (optional), pen

(optional)

 Some people just
reset their mileage trip so they know when to
perform their next maintenance service.

 Another option is to record the service on Mileage
paper. Things to include:

Current
Date
Services Performed

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SELF-CHECK 1.2-3

Minor Routine Repair and Servicing

Enumeration:
Direction: Give enumerate tools and equipment use in minor
routine servicing

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ANSWER KEY 1.2-3

Minor Routine Repair and Servicing

Enumeration:
1. Jack
2. Creeper
3. Basic
4. Wrench
5. Screwdriver
6. Pressure gauge
7. Air nozzle
8. Filter wrench
9. Socket
10. Air impact wrench
11. Oil Filter
12. Oil
13. Rag
14. Oil pan (no pictured)
15. Funnel (optional)

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TASK SHEET 1.2-3

Title:

Minor Routine Repair and Servicing

Performance Objective:

Given the appropriate tools/equipment, supplies and materials,
YOU MUST be able to demonstrate minor routine repair and servicing in
accordance with occupational health and safety procedure and
manufacturer’s manual.

Supplies/Materials:
Oil, Rag, Funnel (optional), Oil Filter

Equipment:
Light Duty Vehicle

Tools:
Jack, Creeper, Basic Wrench, Screwdriver, Pressure Gauge, Air

Nozzle, Filter Wrench Socket, Air Impact Wrench, Oil pan

Steps/Procedure:
1. Purchase Oil and Filter
2. Identify Tools and Materials
3. Warm Up and Jack Up Vehicle
4. Drain Old Oil
5. Change Oil Filter
6. Add New Oil
7. Remove Tires
8. Check Breaks
9. Rotate Tires and Put Back On
10. Check Tire Pressure
11. Check Fluid Levels
12. Update Records

Assessment Method:

 Demonstration

 Interview

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PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.2-3

Minor Routine Repair and Servicing

Trainee’s Name: ______________________ Date: _________________
YES NO
CRITERIA

Did I...?

1. Purchase Oil and Filter?

2. Identify Tools and Materials?
3. Warm Up and Jack Up Vehicle?

4. Drain Old Oil?
5. Change Oil Filter?

6. Add New Oil?
7. Remove Tires?

8. Check Breaks?
9. Rotate Tires and Put Back On?

10. Check Tire Pressure?
11. Check Fluid Levels?

12. Update Records?
Comments/Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name: ____________________ Date: ______________

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INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-4

Diagnosis of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. label the Diagnosis of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities;
2. discuss the Diagnosis of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities and;
3. give examples of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities.

Introduction

An expert technician can easily diagnose vehicle’s faults and
irregularities. This knowledge will contribute greatly to prolong the
operational capability of the vehicle.

How to Diagnose Car Problems If You Don't Know Much About Cars

If something goes wrong with your car
and you don't know much about car repair,
then it's time to go to the shop and find out
what's wrong. However, lots of people are
understandably worried about getting ripped
off—mechanics are pretty good at detecting
when a customer doesn't know anything
about cars. To avoid this, it's a good idea to
narrow down the possibilities of what's going
on inside your car. Your sense of sight,
hearing, touch, and smell are the only tools you'll need.

Warning lights:

The warning lights on your
dashboard are the most obvious starting
point. Yet the most common, the Check
Engine light, can be utterly confusing
because it can cover problems ranging
widely in severity. Others, like the engine
temperature light, tire pressure light, or
oil light are more straightforward to

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decipher. Regardless of what lights up, never ignore it. Delaying a diagnosis
and repair could lead to even bigger problems down the road.

Tire check:

Take a close look at your tires to
make sure they're in good shape. Tires
have a tread that increases grip and
channels water away from the contact
patch, reducing your chances of
hydroplaning. Maintaining sufficient tread
depth is important, and checking takes a
matter of seconds.

RELATED STORY

Find a penny and stick it in the tread, with Abraham Lincoln's head
pointing toward the center of the wheel. If you can see the top of his head
above the tread, the tires are worn and need to be replaced. Also keep an eye
out for cracks and bulges in the sidewall, which can form in hot weather or
if you drive over debris in the road. Cracks and bulges are weak points
which can fail unexpectedly, so it's smart to replace any tires with these
defects.

Fluid puddles:

If you ever spot fluid collecting
underneath your car, it's cause for
concern. Whatever type of fluid it is, it's
vital to your car's reliability and
performance. Whether it's brake fluid,
steering fluid, coolant, or oil, leaks
should be fixed as soon as possible.

Whenever you pull out of a parking spot, keep an eye out for drips or
puddles.

Clunking or creaking:

Worn-out suspension

components often make a clunking
or creaking sound. If a suspension strut

or shock is worn out, it can clunk when
force is placed upon it, especially when

driving over a bump. Ball joints and
bushings require grease to stay

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lubricated and moving smoothly. If the grease dries out, it can creak like an
old staircase.

Ticking or squealing:

Hearing a rapid tick or prolonged
squeal can indicate an issue with a belt

under the hood. A loose timing belt can
tick as it slips over the pulleys that
connect it to the camshaft and

crankshaft. Squealing, especially when
turning the steering wheel, is often

caused by a stretched out power steering belt or failing power steering
pump.

However, a high-pitched squeal
when you push the brakes probably
means that the pads are worn out. Brake
pads have a wear indicator that comes
into contact with the rotor as the pad
material wears away, letting you know it's
time for a new set.

Popping or banging:

Engine backfires occur when fuel
ignites when it's not supposed to, producing a popping or banging
noise. Multiple issues can cause backfires,

from worn-out spark plugs, an imbalanced
air/fuel mixture, out-of-sync ignition

timing, or dirty air filters.

Regardless of the cause, you should
get a backfiring engine inspected right
away.

Grinding:

Grinding is often heard when there's an issue with gears meshing
together, so unsurprisingly transmission problems cause this noise. Your
transmission won't work well if it has
worn out gears or if the fluid is low, so if
you hear a grinding noise along with
rough shifting, you have an idea where to
look.

Bad brake rotors can also make a
grinding noise, but if they're in good shape

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it could be that some debris is caught in between the pad and rotor.

Bubbling or gurgling:

This noise usually means there's air mixing with fluid. It could be a
leak in your cooling system, which allows air into the radiator and increases
the chances of overheating. A blown head gasket can also allow exhaust to
enter the cooling system, which can cause a bubbling or gurgling sound
when the engine is running.

Your own body is also an excellent tool for feeling out car problems.
Maybe you feel an unusual vibration, bumpy ride, or abnormal
resistance. Just keep your hands on the steering wheel and feet on
the pedals to detect a problem.

Vibrating or shaking:

Numerous issues can cause shakes and vibrations, so make sure to
inspect them all before coming to a conclusion. First up, check your wheels
and tires. It could be that they're misaligned or out of balance, reducing
your handling and fuel economy while increasing tire wear. A lug nut could
be loose, too. Worn mounts won't hold the engine or transmission tight
against the frame, leading to vibrations.

Failing suspension can also vibrate, since it can't work as well to
dampen the normal impacts your car experiences. Warped brake rotors will
vibrate whenever you touch the pedal. Problems with engine timing can also
cause serious shaking. If all that checks out, inspect the bolts that mount
your seat to the floor.

Leaning or pulling:

It's scary when your car pulls in a direction you don't want it to go.
Most often it's a problem with the wheels, tires, steering, or suspension that
causes your car to lean or pull. A fix could be as simple as inflating your
tires, so check their air pressure first. Failed shocks frequently tilt a car off-
balance, which will be plain to see, but you'll also detect a rough ride along
with a pulling sensation.

If a wheel bearing or the steering linkage is going bad you'll feel a
distinct pull. In front-wheel drive cars, torque steer can also cause a pulling
sensation under strong acceleration, but this is normal.

Spongy or low brake pedal:

Brakes are arguably the most important safety system in your car, so
any unusual feeling in the pedal should be taken care of right away. Spongy
brakes don't respond as well and are most often caused by air in the brake
lines, or low or old brake fluid. Low fluid can be topped off, but old fluid
absorbs moisture and can't maintain enough hydraulic pressure to provide

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consistent, firm brake feel. Spongy brakes or a pedal the goes lower than
normal can usually be fixed with a brake fluid flush.

Steering feels loose or hard to turn: Your car should go in the
direction the steering wheel is turned – it's as simple as that. If the steering
wheel feels disconnected or has increased resistance, it's only going to make
it harder for you to safely control your car. Tie rods and tie rod ends work to
connect your front wheels and steer them together. If the steering wheel
feels loose, it's likely due to an issue with these components. Conversely, if
the steering wheel feels difficult to turn, it's probably an issue with the
power steering system – either the power steering fluid, pump, or belt.

Mold or mildew: The nasty smell of mold will make your car an
unpleasant place to be. Start by feeling your carpets and floormats for
dampness. If they're wet, it could be that there's a leak somewhere that's
letting water into the interior. An old, dirty cabin air filter could also be the
culprit, but fortunately it's quick and inexpensive to swap in a new one.
Another potential is in the air conditioning system, with water buildup on
the evaporator or in an air vent.

Smoke or burning: As the saying goes, where there's smoke, there's
fire, so if you smell burning in your car diagnose it immediately. If you
notice it when you're braking, it's probably that you're braking too hard or
for too long, causing the brakes to overheat. You can downshift a few gears
to slow your car without the brakes. A worn clutch in a manual
transmission vehicle can also produce a smoky smell.

However, it could be a leaking fluid that's burning up on hot engine or
exhaust surfaces. Check inside your engine bay, especially near seals and
gaskets, to see if there are any damp spots that indicate a fluid leak.

Exhaust or fuel: A hole in the fuel or exhaust system can allow their
telltale odors into the cabin. Regardless of the cause, it's outright dangerous
if you smell either. Car exhaust is rich in carbon monoxide, which can lead
to unconsciousness or death if inhaled. If this smell appears in your car,
make sure you drive with your windows open so fresh air can circulate
through the cabin until you make a permanent fix.

Sulfur: The pungent aroma of rotten eggs indicates an issue with the
battery or catalytic converter. Many car batteries are filled with a mixture of
water and sulfuric acid. The water can evaporate as the battery nears the
end of its lifespan, upsetting the proportions and making the sulfuric acid
odor more noticeable. The catalytic converter, which helps filter exhaust
gases, can also start to stink when it's going bad.

Sweet: Coolant, also known as antifreeze, has a uniquely sweet smell,
which likely means you have a coolant leak on your hands. A coolant leak

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won't let your engine maintain correct temperature, increasing the chances
of overheating and serious engine damage.

Being able to fix car problems takes years of experience, but anyone
can at least make an effort to diagnose them. Next time your car has an
issue, don't rely on a mechanic to tell you what's wrong – use your senses to
get an idea of what's causing the problem. 5

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SELF-CHECK 1.2-4

Diagnosis of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities

True or False:

Direction: Read the following statements and tell whether it is correct
or not. Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is

wrong. Write your answer in a ¼ sheet of pad paper.

1. Car exhaust is rich in carbon monoxide, which can lead to
unconsciousness or death if inhaled.

2. Grinding is not heard even there's an issue with gears meshing
together.

3. Maintaining sufficient tread depth is important, and checking
takes a matter of seconds.

4. The pungent aroma of rotten eggs indicates an issue with the
battery or catalytic converter.

5. A coolant leak won't let your engine maintain correct
temperature, increasing the chances of overheating and
serious engine damage.

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ANSWER KEY 1.2-4

Diagnosis of Vehicle Faults and Irregularities

True or False:
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True

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INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-5

Workplace Housekeeping

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. identify tips for effective workplace housekeeping ;
2. discuss tips for effective workplace housekeeping; and
3. perform housekeeping.

Introduction

A conducive workplace should be well-maintained. Everything
should be in its proper places. It reduces the risk of having fire and
prevent injuries among workers.

Effective Workplace Housekeeping

To some people, the word ―housekeeping‖ calls to mind cleaning
floors and surfaces, removing dust, and organizing clutter.

But in a work setting, it means much more. Housekeeping is crucial
to safe workplaces. It can help prevent injuries and improve productivity
and morale, as well as make a good first
impression on visitors, according to Cari Gray,
safety consultant for the Ohio Bureau of Workers’
Compensation. It also can help an employer avoid
potential fines for non-compliance.

1. Prevent slips, trips and falls

Slips, trips and falls were the second

leading cause of nonfatal occupational
injuries or illnesses involving days away

from work in 2013, according to data from the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.

OSHA’s Walking-Working Surfaces

Standard (1910.22(a)) states that all workplaces
should be ―kept clean and orderly and in a

sanitary condition.‖ The rule includes
passageways, storerooms and service rooms.

Floors should be clean and dry. Drainage should

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be present where ―wet processes are used.‖
2. eliminate fire hazard

Employees are responsible for keeping
unnecessary combustible materials from
accumulating in the work area. Combustible
waste should be ―stored in covered metal
receptacles and disposed of daily,‖

3. Control dust

accumulation of more than 1/32 of an inch
– or 0.8 millimeters – covering at least 5 percent
of a room’s surface poses a significant explosion hazard, according to the
Quincy, MA-based National Fire Protection Association. This dust
accumulation is about as thick as a dime or paper clip.

4. Avoid tracking materials
Work-area mats – which can be cloth or sticky-topped – should be
kept clean and maintained. This helps prevent the spread of hazardous
materials to other work areas or home, Gray said. Check all mats to ensure
they are not tripping hazards.

5. Prevent falling objects
Gray noted that protections such as a toe board, toe rail or net can
help prevent objects from falling and hitting workers or equipment.

6. Clear clutter
A cluttered workplace can lead to ergonomics issues and possible
injuries because workers have less space to move. 6

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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College

SELF-CHECK 1.2-5

Workplace Housekeeping

Enumeration:
Direction: Give 6 tips for effective shop housekeeping

Date Revised: Document No.
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ANSWER KEY 1.2-5

Workplace Housekeeping

Enumeration
1. Prevent slips, trips and falls
2. Eliminate fire hazard
3. Control dust
4. Avoid tracking materials
5. Prevent falling objects
6. Clear clutter

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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College

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-6

Maintenance Reports

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. enumerate the advantages of having maintenance schedule;
2. discuss the importance of maintenance schedule; and
3. Apply consistent maintenance schedule.

Introduction

Due to hectic schedules, we are likely to forget even routinely task.
One way to avoid this is to make a maintenance schedule especially in doing
maintenance service. This way we can minimize undone tasks.

Why Your Routine Car Maintenance Schedule Is So Important

When it comes to basic automotive
repairs and maintenance, most

Americans are pretty clueless.

If you’re in this boat, you also
probably don’t know how often you
should be taking care of things like oil
changes and tire pressure checks.

Luckily, we’re here to help.

Read on to learn more about the importance of a consistent car
maintenance schedule. We’ll also share some basic tips so you can figure
out the right schedule for your vehicle.

Why Your Car Needs Consistent Maintenance

Like anything in your life, your car needs consistent care if you want
it to run efficiently.

Some of the benefits that come with keeping up a consistent car
maintenance schedule include:

Save Money

It might seem like you’re spending more money and time by taking
your car in for regular maintenance.

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In reality, though, sticking to a car maintenance schedule helps you
save money and time down the road.

For example, the cost of replacing a timing belt before it malfunctions
is much lower than it will be if you wait until it fails and causes additional
damage to your engine.

Things like properly inflated tires and clean filters also improve your
fuel economy, which will help you save money on gas.

Save Time

If you get the timing belt replaced on schedule, your car will also be in
the shop for less time than it will be if you wait until it fails altogether.

When you stick to a maintenance schedule, you also get to control
when you take your car to the shop. But, if you skip these appointments,
your car could end up breaking down at an inopportune time, causing you
to be late for (or totally miss) an important event.

Keep Your Engine Running Smoothly

Regular maintenance like oil checks and filter changes also keep your
engine running smoothly and at its full potential.

This also helps prolong your engine’s lifespan.

Keep All Systems Functioning

In addition to keeping the engine running as it’s supposed to, all other
systems in your car will work better when you keep it maintained.

Simple things like changing the spark plugs and replacing the coolant
will make all the difference to the way your car runs.

Safety

A safe, reliable car is a must, whether you’re going on a long road trip
to just driving for a few minutes to and from the office.

Sticking to a maintenance schedule also ensures that your car is safe
to drive.

If you get your car serviced when you’re supposed to, you’ll have peace
of mind knowing that your brakes are working and your engine is in tip-top
shape.

Keep Car’s Value High

One of the first things people look for when they’re shopping for a car
is its internal condition.

The better shape your car’s in, the more you’ll be able to sell it for
later on.

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Even if you don’t have any plans to sell your car in the near future,
your situation may change in a few years. You’ll want to be prepared if you
do need to sell it.

Basic Car Maintenance Schedule
It’s not enough just to worry about car maintenance in the cold winter
months. Every car needs checkups throughout the year.
This is a basic car maintenance schedule that you can follow to keep
your car in good condition.

Every Month

 Every month, you should look at the following aspects
of your car:

 Make sure the check engine light is off

 Clean the interior and exterior

 Make sure the lights are working

 Check the tire condition, specifically the inflation and
tread

 Check your windshield washer fluid
It should only take you a few minutes to check all these things.
And, unless you notice any issues, you shouldn’t need to spend any
money at all!
Every 3 Months/3,000 Miles
Every three months (or 3,000 miles), you’ll want to get a little
more indepth and check these other elements, in addition to the ones
listed above:

 Transmission fluid

 Cables and battery

 Belt condition

 Engine oil and filter

 Exhaust

 Fuel filter

 Hoses

 Power steering fluid

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
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A mechanic will probably need to handle some of these checks
for you, but they’re fairly simple and won’t take a lot of time or
money.

Every 6 Months/6,000 Miles

Every six months (or once every 6,000 miles), you’ll need to add
the following to your inspection list:

Chassis lubrication

Engine air filter

Windshield wiper blades

It doesn’t take a lot of time to check any of these elements, but
you’ll definitely appreciate the peace of mind they bring you.

Every 12 Months/12,000 Miles

Finally, you’ll want to have these elements looked at once a
year (or every 12,000 miles):

 Cabin air filter

 Power steering fluid

 Coolant (antifreeze)

 Steering and suspension

This list might seem like a lot. But, remember, most of these
checks take very little time and repairs, when they’re caught early,
aren’t very expensive.

Extra Tips

This basic schedule is a good place to start. But, you should
also keep these other maintenance tips in mind.

Keep a Vehicle Maintenance Log

A lot can happen in three months, or six, or twelve. To avoid
missing an appointment and accidentally causing damage to your
car, it’s important to track your vehicle maintenance.

There are mobile apps out there that make this easier. You can
also write own the dates and what took place during each
appointment in a simple notebook that you store in your glove
compartment.

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Save your receipts in the maintenance log, too. If you sell your
car later, you’ll be able to show the receipts to prospective buyers to
explain what kind of work has been done.

Get Specific

You should also take your specific vehicle into account when it
comes to sticking to a car maintenance schedule.

For example, Toyota Tacoma repair may need to take place at
slightly different intervals than maintenance for a car like a Prius.

Remember, too, that your maintenance needs will vary
depending on how much you drive.

Check Your Manual

The easiest way to figure out your car’s specific maintenance
needs is to check the manual.

If you can’t find your car’s manual, a quick online search
should do the trick. There are many websites that have PDFs of every
owner’s manual out there that you can download for free.

Taking the specific guidelines laid out by your car
manufacturer will help you avoid paying for more services than you
need, while still keeping your car in good shape.

Final Thoughts

Maintenance costs and schedules vary from car to car. But,
there are some cars that are a lot cheaper to maintain than others.

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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SELF-CHECK 1.2-6

Maintenance Reports

Enumeration:
Direction: Give the advantages of documenting service report

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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College

ANSWER KEY 1.2-6

Maintenance Reports

Enumeration:
1. save money
2. save time
3. keep your engine running smoothly
4. keep all system functioning
5. safety
6. keep car value`s high

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
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TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 86 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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College

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-7

Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and Servicing

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. explain the Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and

Servicing;
2. discuss the Reports Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance

and Servicing; and
3. apply the Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and

Servicing.

Introduction

After a minor check-up should technician conduct the minor service
to all the system of the vehicle for
maintenance routine.

Good tools can be quite an
investment, but if you take good
care of them, they'll return the
favor. Keeping your tools properly
stored, cleaned, and maintained
will save you time and money and make your DIY endeavors that much
more rewarding.

We're mostly talking about
hand tools, power tools, and garden
tools in this article, but much of the
same advice applies whether your
tools of choice are kitchen knives,
crafting tools, or whatever else. Store
them well, keep them clean and well-
maintained, and you won't be sorry.

Store Your Tools Properly

You have to work with the
space you have. Maybe you hang
them on pegboards, maybe you
store them in boxes, bags, or chests, or maybe you keep them in

Date Revised: Document No.
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drawers or on shelves in your shop. Whatever works for you is
best.

Pegboards make a great storage system for tools. They let you see all
your tools at a glance and they can make use of wall space in a pretty
efficient way. If you don't have enough wall space, though, you can still take
advantage of pegboards by building a hinged system, a rolling pegboard, or
even a portable pegboard storage system.

Toolboxes also make for great tool storage, offering the primary
advantage of portability. While some people opt to store all their tools in
toolboxes, for most, the toolbox is a way of carrying around your most-used
tools while leaving the bulk safely stored on pegboards, shelves, or drawers.
No matter what you're doing, though, you can build a well-equipped toolbox
for every level of DIY needs.

Rust is public enemy number one when it comes to tools. To avoid
rust when storing your tools:

• Keep your tools in a dry place. It seems obvious, but garages and
basements and other enclosed spaces can have humidity issues,
especially if they are not heated or air-conditioned. If you keep
your tools in a location like this, especially if you keep them out on
shelves or pegboards, consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep
the dampness down. They're not terribly expensive, especially
compared to your investment in your tools, and most let you set a
humidity level so the dehumidifier turns on only when it needs to.

• Store power tools in their original cases. Unless you have a climate
controlled workshop, your best bet for storing power tools in the
hard plastic cases they usually come with. Not only are they
better-protected from humidity, they're just better-protected in
general.

• Use silica gel packs or rust collector. The silica gel packs that come
in lots of packaging are great at keeping moisture at bay. Toss
them in drawers or toolboxes and they can help keep rust away.
You can also buy rust inhibitors for the same purpose and even
anti-rust liners for drawers and shelves.

Clean Your Tools After Every Use

Cleaning your tools may be the last thing you want to do after a day of
work, but it's essential for keeping your tools in good shape. And it really
only takes a few seconds per tool unless you've got something really nasty

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
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on your hands. It's well-worth the time spent doing a little cleaning to save
the time spent repairing a tool (or the money spent replacing it) later.

Cleaning your tools doesn't have to be difficult at all if you're
prepared:

• Hand tools: You can clean most hand tools by simply wiping them
down with a rag. If they're dirty, don't be afraid to give them a good
wash with soap and water. Just dry them well afterward. Spritz
metal with a light coat of WD-40 and wipe with a clean rag (you
really just want to leave a light film on them to help keep the rust
away). Wipe wooden handles with a rag dampened with a little
linseed oil.

• Garden tools: You can clean garden tools in much the same way
as hand tools. Wash them if necessary, dry, and oil them up. For a
quick way to clean, some people like to keep a bucket of sand
mixed with a bit of oil. Just stab the tools into the bucket a few
times to clean and oil them at the same time. Some folks use motor
oil in their sand, but even the little bit of motor oil left on the tools
can harm your soil, so for garden tools, stick with linseed oil. You'll
also want to rub down wooden handles with a bit of linseed oil.

• Power tools: Power tools are a little trickier to clean. First, make
sure the tool is unplugged before you clean it. Next, you'll want to
get all the dust off. An air compressor can be really useful for that.
Wipe down the surface of the tool and then lubricate any moving
parts. Machine oil is a fine choice for this, but you should also
check the manual that came with the tool to see if they have better
recommendations.

• While you're at it, don't forget that your toolboxes, belts, and bags
will need some care as well. Clean out your toolboxes every once in
a while by emptying them and wiping them down. If you've got
leather belts and bags, you'll want to condition the leather once in
a while. I keep a tub of Obenauf's Heavy Duty LP around and it's
always worked great. For bags and belts not made of leather, a
quick wash should do the trick.

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 89 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College

SELF-CHECK 1.2-7

Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and Servicing

Enumeration:
Direction: Enumerate the practice that will makes hand tools/shop

tools retain their good condition

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
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QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College

ANSWER KEY 1.2-7

Care and Use of Tools for Routine Maintenance and Servicing

Enumeration:
Direction: Enumerate the practice that will makes hand tools/shop

tools retain their good condition.
1. Store your tools properly
2. Keep your tools in dry place
3. Stool your power tools in their proper places
4. Use silica gel pack or rust collector
5. Clean your tools after every use

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 91 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

1
https://www.google.com/search?q=checking+timing+belt+wear&tbm=isc
h&ved=2ahUKEwiT2MyQlJTpAhV2y4sBHatzBCcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=checking+timing+belt+wear&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoGCA
AQBxAeUPRtWNehAWCxqAFoAHAAeACAAaUBiAGVDpIBBDAuMTKYAQC
gAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=PN6sXpPKMPaWr7wPq-
eRuAI&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845

2
https://www.google.com/search?q=sysmtoms+of+engine+deteoration+&t
bm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwip5cyblJTpAhWmx4sBHTDPCP4Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=sysmtoms+of+engine+deteoration+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQ
AzoECCMQJzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BwgjEOoCECc6BggAEAUQHjoGCAAQC
hAYULOOH1j4xSBg5MsgaAlwAHgAgAGAAYgB2SeSAQU0Mi4xMZgBAKA
BAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nsAEK&sclient=img&ei=U96sXunvNKaPr7wPsJ
6j8A8&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845#imgrc=IndZL
5NKnVF0QM Retrieved May 2, 2020

3
https://www.google.com/search?q=ecu+scanner&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUK
EwiN-Kb6mZTpAhULx4sBHXhaAusQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=ecu+sca&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgIIADIECAAQHjIGC
AAQBRAeMgYIABAIEB4yBggAEAgQHjIGCAAQCBAeMgYIABAFEB4yBggA
EAUQHjIGCAAQCBAeMgYIABAIEB46BAgjECc6BwgjEOoCECc6BAgAEEN
QqtcDWP-
IBGCEmgRoAXAAeASAAc0BiAGqD5IBBjAuMTEuMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy
13aXotaW1nsAEK&sclient=img&ei=WOSsXo3sJ4uOr7wP-
LSJ2A4&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845 Retrieved
May 02, 2020

4
https://www.google.com/search?q=engine+control+unit&tbm=isch&ved=
2ahUKEwiSyYCcmpTpAhU7wIsBHfWsAxcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=engine&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgEMgQIIxAnMgQIIxAnMg
QIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoG
CAAQCBAeOgQIABAYOgcIIxDqAhAnUJuKGVjTrRlg-
tUZaAJwAHgBgAG2AYgBtAySAQQwLjExmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pb
WewAQo&sclient=img&ei=n-

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 92 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College

SsXtL9E7uAr7wP9dmOuAE&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH8
45PH845 Retrieved: May 2, 2020

5
https://www.google.com/search?q=check+engine+sign&tbm=isch&ve
d=2ahUKEwjnkM_lm5TpAhUTBpQKHSAbAEcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=check+engine&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIABBD
MgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAOgQIIxAn
OgcIIxDqAhAnUPOjC1i94gtg6u8LaAFwAHgEgAHUAYgBsxmSAQYyLjI
0LjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ7ABCg&sclient=img&ei=RuasX
ufVCJOM0ASgtoC4BA&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845
PH845 Retrieved: May 2, 2020

6
https://www.google.com/search?q=cleaning+car+shops+dust+control+&t
bm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjP-oCWnZTpAhXmzIsBHT6WAFkQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=cleaning+car+shops+dust+control+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQ
A1CW8QVYvbUGYL28BmgAcAB4AIABiwGIAa0LkgEDNi44mAEAoAEBqgE
LZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=uOesXs--A-
aZr7wPvqyCyAU&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845
Retrieved: May 20, 2020

https://www.google.com/search?q=sysmtoms+of+engine+deteoration+&t
bm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwip5cyblJTpAhWmx4sBHTDPCP4Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=sysmtoms+of+engine+deteoration+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQ
AzoECCMQJzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BwgjEOoCECc6BggAEAUQHjoGCAAQC
hAYULOOH1j4xSBg5MsgaAlwAHgAgAGAAYgB2SeSAQU0Mi4xMZgBAKA
BAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nsAEK&sclient=img&ei=U96sXunvNKaPr7wPsJ
6j8A8&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845#imgrc=IndZL
5NKnVF0QM: retrive may 2, 2020

https://www.google.com/search?q=engine+control+unit&tbm=isch&ved=
2ahUKEwiSyYCcmpTpAhU7wIsBHfWsAxcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=engine&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgEMgQIIxAnMgQIIxAnMg
QIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoG
CAAQCBAeOgQIABAYOgcIIxDqAhAnUJuKGVjTrRlg-
tUZaAJwAHgBgAG2AYgBtAySAQQwLjExmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pb
WewAQo&sclient=img&ei=n-
SsXtL9E7uAr7wP9dmOuAE&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH8
45PH845; retrived:may 2, 2020

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 93 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College

https://www.google.com/search?q=steam+cleaner&tbm=isch&ved
=2ahUKEwjas9DQjpTpAhXMxosBHYSgB20Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=steam+c&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgIIADICCAAy
AggAMgQIABBDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAOgQIIxAnO
gQIABAYOgcIIxDqAhAnUKrjLljlly9gpbAvaAFwAHgAgAGkAYgBmhC
SAQQwLjE0mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWewAQo&sclient=img
&ei=eNisXtqXHMyNr7wPhMGe6AY&bih=695&biw=1366&rlz=1C1C
HBD_enPH845PH845 Retrieved: May 2, 2020

https://www.google.com/search?q=polishing+machine&tbm=isch&
ved=2ahUKEwjCjuDDkZTpAhWFG6YKHZXGCvgQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=poli&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgCMgQIABBDMgQIAB
BDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIAD
ICCAAyAggAOgQIIxAnOgcIIxDqAhAnUJODDVibmg1g3b0NaAFwAH
gAgAGhAYgBxgqSAQMwLjmYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ7ABC
g&sclient=img&ei=gtusXsLFLoW3mAWVjavADw&bih=695&biw=13
66&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845 Retrieved: May 2, 2020

https://www.google.com/search?q=engine+oil&tbm=isch&ved=2ah
UKEwi30fmtkpTpAhXczIsBHclqCeQQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=engine+oi&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgIIADICCAA
yAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoECCMQJzoE
CAAQQzoHCCMQ6gIQJ1Dh_QhYs6AJYJm2CWgBcAB4BIAB2wOIA
ZkYkgEJMC45LjMuMC4ymAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWewAQo
&sclient=img&ei=YdysXvecHdyZr7wPydWloA4&bih=695&biw=1366
&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH845PH845: retrived: may 02, 2020

Date Revised: Document No.
July 30, 2020
Driving NC II Issued by:
Carrying out minor Revised by:
TESDA vehicle maintenance Jesus F. Sausa Leon Ganzon Page 94 of 92
QA SYSTEM Asst Professor II Polytechnic
and servicing
College