ANNUAL JUDICIAL STATISTICS THAILAND 2020 (B.E. 2563)
This report was produced by Data System and Statistics Section, Office of The Planning and Budget, Office of the Judiciary, Thailand. www.coj.go.th http://oppb.coj.go.th Tel. (66)2 541 2344 e-mail : [email protected]
PREFACE The Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 (B.E. 2563) is a compilation of judicial statistics from the Courts of Justice nationwide, including the Supreme Court, appellate courts, courts of first instance throughout the kingdom and other interesting works for the benefits of administration, study, reference, analyzing and research. This statistics does not only reflect an aspect of the Thai society which is part of information on the Thai justice system, but also can be useful in solving social problems to a certain extent. In addition, it is aimed at benefiting organization including external organizations and those who are interested in regardless of whether they work for the Office of the Judiciary. Finally, the Office of the Judiciary would like to convey our gratitude to every court and Judicial Offices of Regions I - IX for their cooperation resulting in a success as aimed. Office of the Judiciary
CONTENTS VISION ORGANIZATION CHART - Judiciary System SUMMARY OF STATISTICS OF COURT OF JUSTICE - Overview Case Statistics - Case Filings and Case Disposed of - Time to Disposition - Duration of Case Pending at End of the Year - The Amount in Dispute - Provisional Release to the Courts - Penalties and Defendants - Juvenile and Family Law - Human Trafficking in Thailand 10 12 15
CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 : THE SUPREME COURT - Case Filings and Case Disposed - Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in New Case Filings - Type of Cases CHAPTER 2 : THE COURTS OF APPEAL - Case Filings and Case Disposed - Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in New Case Filings The Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases - Type of Cases 27 32 35
CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 : COURTS OF FIRST INSTANCE 3.1 Statistics of Cases in Nationwide - Courts under / not under Administrative Office of the Court of Justice, Region I – IX - Top Five Causes of Action and Offences 3.2 General Courts - Civil Courts - Criminal Courts - The Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases - Provincial Courts - Kweang Courts 3.3 The Juvenile and Family Courts 38 40 45 52
CONTENTS 3.4 The Specialized Courts -The Central Bankruptcy Court -The Central Tax Court - The Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court - The Labour Courts 56
วิสัยทัศน์ “ศาลยุติธรรมเป็นสถาบันที่อ านวยความยุติธรรม เพื่อให้สังคมสงบสุข เป็นธรรมและเสมอภาคโดยยึดหลักนิติธรรม” VISION “The Court of Justice is an institution / delivering justice for peaceful, fair and equal society under the rule of law”
ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE THAILAND Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 12
The Courts of Justice are classified into three levels consisting of the Courts of First Instance, the Courts of Appeal and the Supreme Court. The Courts of First Instance are categorized as general courts, juvenile and family courts and specialized courts. The general courts are ordinary courts which have authorities to try and adjudicate criminal and civil cases. Those courts are : Civil Courts, Criminal Courts, Provincial Courts and Municipal Courts (Kwaeng Courts). The general courts in other provinces are comprise of the following for each of the designated regions and associated provinces, Region...(I - IX). The Administrative Office with respect to that of particular Provincial Courts and Kwaeng Courts in Region I - IX provides management and administrative support services to said courts. The Court of Appeal handles an appeal against a judgment or order of Civil Courts and Criminal Courts. Meanwhile the Regional Courts of Appeal handle an appeal against a judgment or order of the other Courts of First Instance located within their regions. The Establishment of the Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases Act B.E. 2558 (2015) was enacted to facilitate judges with various expertise in adjudicating specialized cases with expediency and uniformity and conform to the new appeal and dika appeal system for ordinary civil cases already amended by laws. The Act empowers the Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases to try and adjudicate cases appealed from specialized courts as follows: - Intellectual Property and International Trade Court; - Tax Court; - Labor Court; - Bankruptcy Court; - Juvenile and Family Court. According to the promulgation of the Civil Procedure Code Amendment Act (No. 27) B.E. 2558 (2015) which has come into force since November 8, 2558 (2015), the Supreme Court shall have the power to consider whether cases submitted for the dika appeal to the Supreme Court deserves the permission for the adjudication of the Supreme Court. JUDICIAL SYSTEM
Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Pagr 14 The Supreme Court The Court of Appeal Civil Court Criminal Court Bangkok South Civil Court Bangkok South Criminal Court Thon Buri Civil Court Thon Buri Criminal Court Taling Chan Civil Court Taling Chan Criminal Court Pra Kanong Civil Court Pra Kanong Criminal Court Min Buri Civil Court Min Buri Criminal Court The Central Criminal Court for Corruption and Misconduct Cases. The Court of Appeal, Region IIX The Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases Provincial Courts Region I - IX Kwaeng Courts Region I - IX The Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases, Region I - IX The Central Labour Court Labour Courts located in region I –- IX The Central Tax Court The Central Bankruptcy Court The Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court Juvenile and Family Courts Courts of First Instance || Organization Chart
SUMMARY OF STATISTICS OF COURT OF JUSTICE THAILAND 2020 Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 15
Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 16 Year Case Filings Cases Disposed of Percentage of Cases Disposed of Cases During Trial 2019 1,943,919 1,693,849 87.14 250,070 2020 1,779,759 1,541,213 86.60 238,546 Table 1. Total Cases in Nationwide 2019 - 2020 Figure 1.1. Total Cases in Nationwide 2019 - 2020 Overview Case Statistics Thailand 2020 (B.E. 2563) The Courts of Justice are classified into three levels consisting of court of first instance, Courts of Appeal, and the Supreme Court (referred to as the Dka). Cases under a power of the court of justice are categorized as follows: Civil Case, Consumer Protection Case, Criminal Case, Bankruptcy Case, Tax Case, Intellectual Property and International Trade Case, Labor Case, Environmental Case, Election case, Juvenile and Family case, Tourist Case, and Corruption and Misconduct Case. The statistical data in this annual report was collected nationwide by 274 courts in the total amount : 262 courts of first instance, 11 courts of appeal and 1 the Supreme Court (the data as at December 31, 2020). Cases filing to the court nationwide in 2020 were over 1.7 million cases and these were disposed of at 86.60% (table 1). The number of total case filings decreased 164,160 cases and the number of total case disposed decreased 152,636 cases. As a result, the total cases during trial at the end of the year decreased by 11,524 cases. Case Filings Cases Disposed of Cases During trial 2019 2020 -164,160 (-8.4%) -152,636 (-9 %) -11,524 (-4.61%)
Case Filings and Case Disposed of in the Court of Justice Thailand has changed appeal system to the Supreme Court for civil cases from the rights-based system to the permission-based system in 2015. Thai law traditionally has allowed parties to appeal any court of first instance decision to the appellate courts and subsequently the latter’s decision to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court’s judgment (referred to as the Dika) is final. According to the Act (Act No. 27) amending the Civil Procedure Code, the Supreme Court now has the power to grant permission to file a Dika if it deems the question to be a significant matter worthy of a decision. If the Supreme Court does not permit the dika appeal, a judgment or an order rendered by the Court of Appeal is final. As a result, the adjudication of the Court of Justice will genuinely be effective and fair to all related people without any delay. To prevent and stop virus spreading situation, the postponement of hearings have been announced in the courts of first instance. As a result, the number of new cases submitted to courts and cases submitted for an appeal were decreased. Figure 1.2 shows that, in past five years (2016 - 2020), the number of case filings of the court of justice has been increased persistently and reached apex over 1.9 million cases since 2018. However, in 2020, the court cases declined due to COVID 19 virus outbreak as most court hearings had to be postponed. Figure 1.2. Total Case Filings and Cases Disposed in Nationwide from 2016 to 2020 || Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice 1,826,160 1,803,123 1,957,566 1,943,919 1,779,759 1,597,103 1,554,575 1,724,083 1,693,849 1,541,213 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Case Filings Case Disposed of Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 17
Table 2. Total Cases By Level of Thai Court || Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Court levels Case Filings Case Disposed of 2019 2020 +/- (%) 2019 2020 +/- (%) The Supreme Court 10,466 11,471 +9.60 7,911 9,048 +14.37 Courts of Appeal 64,225 61,328 -4.51 57,922 52,014 -10.20 Courts of First Instance 1,869,228 1,706,960 -8.68 1,628,016 1,480,151 -9.08 Total 1,943,919 1,779,689 -8.45 1,693,849 1,541,213 -9.01 * All Civil Cases in Courts of First Instance Nationwide consist of Civil Case, Consumer Case, Environment Case, Juvenile and Family Case (Civil), Asset and Property Case (Civil), Labour Case, Tax Case, Bankruptcy Case, Bankruptcy Case (Rehabilitation), Bankruptcy Case (in Branch) and Tourist Case (Consumer Protection) Table 2.1. Civil Cases by Level of Thai Court Civil Cases* Court Levels Case Filings Case Disposed of 2019 2020 +/- (%) 2019 2020 +/- (%) The Supreme Court 3,939 6,213 +57.73 2,976 5,041 +69.39 Courts of Appeal 27,557 19,343 -29.81 25,122 16,989 -32.37 Courts of First Instance 1,256,398 1,168,839 -6.97 1,051,108 981,419 -6.63 Total 1,287,894 1,194,395 -7.26 1,079,206 1,003,449 -7.02 Table 2.2. Criminal Cases, by Level of Thai Court Criminal Cases** Court Level Case Filings Case Disposed of 2019 2020 +/- (%) 2019 2020 +/- (%) The Supreme Court 6,527 5,258 -19.44 4,935 4,007 -18.80 Courts 0f Appeal 36,668 41,985 +14.50 32,800 35,025 +6.78 Courts of First Instance 612,830 538,121 -12.19 576,908 498,732 -13.55 Total 656,025 585,364 -10.77 614,643 537,764 -12.51 ** All Criminal Cases in Courts of First Instance Nationwide consist of Criminal Case, Juvenile and Family Case (Criminal), Asset and Property Case (Criminal), Bankruptcy Case (Criminal), Tourist Case (Criminal), and Corruption and Misconduct Case Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 18
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Timeliness is an essential aspect of resolving cases and providing the finality which is the length of time it takes the court to process cases. Time to Disposition Courts Time to Disposition Shorter than 1 Mth 1 Mth to 3 Mths 3 Mths to 6 Mths 6 Mths to 1 Yr 1 Yr to 2 Yrs 2 Yrs to 3 Yrs 3 Yrs to 4 Yrs 4 Yrs to 5 Yrs Longer than 5 Yrs Total The Supreme Court 13 3,578 3,301 1,876 277 3 9,048 Courts of Appeal 9,152 30,757 10,849 1,184 72 52,014 Civil Courts 3,918 26,929 27,609 9,467 2,034 108 13 2 1 70,081 Criminal Courts 16,319 2,324 2,396 2,588 1,103 99 28 6 2 24,865 Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases 101 230 272 403 83 8 1 1,098 Provincial Courts in Region I-IX 292,889 322,818 214,237 55,364 4,608 654 67 890,637 Kwaeng Courts in Region I-IX 134,442 161,929 119,604 23,103 951 16 15 1 440,061 Juvenile and Family Courts 8,689 13,215 6,641 1,475 155 7 30,182 Central Bankruptcy Court 87 2,800 2,259 1,107 475 14 1 6,743 Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court 1,585 89 130 241 340 27 2 2,414 Central Tax Court 6 24 90 89 7 216 Labour Courts 893 4,326 5,950 2,243 441 1 13,854 Total 468,094 569,019 393,338 99,410 10,546 937 127 9 3 1,541,213 Table 3. Cases Disposed: Time to Disposition The above table shows from the beginning to the end in reporting period in 2020, the court of justice of Thailand mostly resolved cases less than 3 months as 95% of cases filings processed within 3 months. Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 19
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Cases filed but not yet disposed make up the court’s pending caseloads. Examining the age of pending cases make clear, for example, the number and type of cases drawing near or about to surpass the court’s case processing time. Duration of Case Pending at End of the Year Courts Duration of Pending Shorter than 6 Mths 6 Mths to 1 Yr 1 Yr to 2 Yrs 2 Yrs to 3 Yrs 3 Yrs to 4 Yrs 4 Yrs to 5 Yrs Longer than 5 Yrs Total The Supreme Court 471 930 666 342 14 2,423 Courts of Appeal 9,085 226 6 9,314 Civil Courts 17,608 3,077 924 130 22 4 3 21,768 Criminal Courts 3,217 1,363 630 95 15 7 12 5,339 Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases 420 137 34 2 1 594 Provincial Courts in Region I-IX 113,090 10,346 1,648 36 6 125,126 Kwaeng Courts in Region I-IX 56,728 3,474 374 15 1 60,592 Juvenile and Family Courts 4,040 280 80 2 4,402 Central Bankruptcy Court 1,738 550 244 8 2,540 Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court 436 217 139 24 2 818 Central Tax Court 95 8 1 104 Labour Courts 4,538 904 81 3 5,526 Total 211,466 21,512 4,827 657 54 12 21 238,546 Table 4. Duration of Cases Pending Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 20
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 21 The claim computable in terms of money in 2020 are civil cases for 353,128,653,352 baht, consumer cases for 264,125,902,036 baht and environmental cases for 932,963,581.01 baht. Cases Cases of claim cannot be computed in terms of money Cases of Claim Computable in Terms of Money Total Cases Lower 50,000 Baht Over 50,000 Baht to 300,000 Baht Over 300,000 Baht to 500,000 Baht Over 500,000 Baht to 1 million Baht Over 1 Million Baht to 5 Millions Baht Over 5 Millions Baht to 10 Millions Baht Over 10 Millions Baht to 50 Millions Baht Over 50 Millions Baht to 100 Millions Baht Over 100 Millions Baht Civil Cases 129,999 25,552 38,629 8,728 9178 11842 2164 2489 396 466 229,443 Consumer Cases 1,047 171,033 412,590 49,074 49,754 38,034 3,216 1,808 63 55 726,674 Environmen -tal Cases 360 27 35 17 34 18 12 4 1 3 511 Tourist Cases (Civil) - - - - - - - - - - - Tourist Cases (Consumer) - - - - - - - - - - - Total 131,406 196,612 451,254 57,819 58,966 49,894 5,392 4,301 460 524 956,628 Table 5. Statistics of Cases Submitted to Court of First Instance Classified by the Amount in Dispute The cases are classified by the amount in disputes under civil law. The cases of claim cannot be computed in term of money are motion for execution of inheritance, motion for cancellation of fraudulent acts, etc., these are cases where relief applied for cannot be computed in term of money. However, in 2020, most of cases were consumer cases which had claims amount over 50,000 baht to 300,000 baht. Note: There are no tourist cases in civil law and consumer law filed to the court in this year The Amount in Dispute
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 22 Provisional release is a mean whereby a person continues to enjoy freedom or regains it after having been placed in preventive detention during the criminal proceedings. Such application is for provisional release without bail, or with bail, or with bail and security submitted to the court to consider for a release of an accused or a defendant for a specified period of time. Provisional Release to the Court Table 6. The Applications for Provisional Release to the Court in Thailand Number of Applications The Court Granted The Court Denied The Accused or the Defendant Absconds Thai Foreigner Thai Foreigner Thai Foreigner Thai Foreigner 233,446 4,429 213,563 3,531 19,883 898 4,167 185 Note: The number of applications = The court grant + The court deny Overall, in 2020, there were 237,875 applications for provisional release in total and 91% of them (217,094 applications) were granted by the court. However, there is 2% of the accused or the defendants have absconded after getting the provisional release. Important purposes of the Criminal Law Enforcement in Thailand are to put people’s living in order to protect innocent people, and to impose the penalties for a person who violates any social rules considered as the criminal offences. In 2020, there were 587,924 defendants in criminal cases and most of them were suspension of punishment. However, Fines were the most common type of sentence given by the Thai courts. The defendants are not only Thai people but also any foreigners who violated the law of Thailand. Considering gender of defendants, 82% of Thais are male, and 83% of foreigners are male too. Penalties and Defendants
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Regarding to the age of defendants, Thais who most violated the law in 2020 were those aging between 25 years old and 40 years old. However, the number of defendants in table 7 and 7.1 was sentenced by the courts of first instance except Juvenile and Family Courts which applied different penalty for children under juvenile and family law. Types of Penalties Thai Defendants Foreign Defendants Male Female Total Male Female Total Death 125 21 146 8 10 18 Imprisonment 85,102 10,806 95,908 1,982 311 2,293 Fines 155,174 41,943 197,117 7,110 1,403 8,513 Confinement 2,306 357 2,663 77 21 98 Forfeiture of Property 319 49 368 - - - Suspension of Punishment 195,585 40,859 236,444 10,677 2,291 12,968 Other 4,155 2,478 6,633 695 188 883 Total 442,766 96,513 539,279 40,395 8,250 48,645 Table 7. The Number of Defendants in Criminal Cases Sentenced by Courts of First Instance Ages Thai Defendants Male Female Total over 18 years old to 25 years old 105,350 11,557 116,907 over 25 years old to 40 years old 226,956 45,465 272,421 over 40 years old to 60 years old 95,249 31,858 127,107 over 60 years old 15,211 7,633 22,844 Total 442,766 96,513 539,279 Table 7.1. Number of Thai Defendants Classified by Ages (Courts of First Instance) Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 23
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice The Juvenile and Family Court and Procedure 2010 Act was effective on 22 May 2011. It aims to provide the rights and welfare protection and the practices for children, youth, women and family members. As a result, the procedure in the Juvenile and Family Courts involves the convention on the rights of the child and convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women in order to bein line with theconstitution. Most criminal cases filing to the Juvenile and Family Courts have been applied special measures for correction, treatment and rehabilitation as showed in table 8. The implementation of special measure of both Section 90 and Section 132 has more successful ratethan unsuccessful rate. Juvenile and Family Law Table 8. The Number of Cases Delivered to Measures for Correction, Treatment and Rehabilitation Measures Number of Cases Using Special Measure in Lieu of Prosecution / Measures for Correction, Treatment and Rehabilitation Successful Implementation Unsuccessful Implementation In Process Special Measure in Lieu of Prosecution Section 90 578 87 729 Measures for Correction, Treatment and Rehabilitation Section 132 9,667 449 8,862 Total 10,245 536 9,591 Moreover, to protect children and reduce domestic violence, Thailand established the Child Protection Act, B.E. 2546 (2003) and the Victims of Domestic Violence Victim Protection Act, B.E.2550 (2007). Table 9. The Number of Cases Submitted and Cases Disposed of under Juvenile and Family Acts. Act. Case submitted Case disposed Cases disposed (%) The Child Protection Act, B.E. 2546 (2003) 55 52 94.55 The Victims of Domestic Violence Victim Protection Act, B.E.2550 (2007) 55 43 78.18 Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 24
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 25 Human trafficking is a serious problem for the Thai society and all over the world because human trafficking is a crime that harm on the human right therefore it becomes the main issue in the world. The human trafficking is also regarded as an international crime, it is a serious problem that every country including Thailand should put cooperate to solve the problem. In Thailand, the Anti-Trafficking in Person Act B.E.2551 (2008) the Anti-Trafficking in Person Act B.E.2558 (2015) the Anti-Trafficking in Person Act B.E.2560 (2017) and Human Trafficking Criminal Procedure Act, B.E. 2559 [2016] have been established to solve out this problem. It has a significant principle as a consequence of human trafficking problem which is a major problem that affects human rights which is dangerous to the country’ social stability and sustainable development. Therefore, Human Trafficking Criminal Procedure has been specifically established in order to have an efficient prevention and suppression of human trafficking. In addition, it will help any related cases be in the proceedings fasterand morefairly. However, according to the fact that Thailand is a source, transit, and destination countryfor human trafficking, Thai Government prioritizes this issue as an urgent agenda and should be executed in every dimension to protect and reduce numbers of victims for both sex and labor exploitation. Thus, the Court of Justice of Thailand has followed the policy by making an immediate and effective prosecution in Thai Courts ofFirst Instance. Human Trafficking in Thailand Courts Pending Cases from Previous Years New Cases Cases Filings Cases Disposed Cases Disposed (%) Pending Cases to Following Year Criminal Courts 28 73 101 55 54.46 46 Provincial Courts 79 93 172 122 70.93 50 Juvenile and Family Courts 6 25 31 22 70.97 9 Total Number of Cases 113 191 304 199 65.46 105 Table 10. Statistics of The Human Trafficking Case by Courts of First Instance in 2020 Noted : Case Filings = Total cases filed to the court = pending cases from previous year + new cases
|| Summary of Statistics of Court of Justice Case Disposed of (from the date of filing plaint until the date of disposing of) 8 9 6 28 4 5 19 37 50 10 1 2 10 7 1 2 Shorter than 1 Month over 1 Month to 3 Months over 3 Months to 6 Months over 6 Months to 1 Year Over 1 Year to 2 Years Over 2 Years Criminal Courts Provincial Courts Juvenile and Family Courts Human Trafficking Cases in Courts of First Instance Penalties in Human Trafficking Cases Defendants Death - Imprisonment 199 Fines 3 Suspension of Punishment 12 Other 19 The Length of Prison Sentences Defendants Shorter than 1 Year 8 Over 1 Year to 2 Years 15 Over 2 Years to 3 Years 9 Over 3 Years to 5 Years 32 Over 5 Years to 10 Years 53 Over 10 Years 82 Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 26
CHAPTER 1 : THE SUPREME COURT Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 27
|| Chapter 1 : The Supreme Court Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 28 1.1 Case Pending and Case Disposed of Type of Cases Case Pending from Previous Year New Case Filings Total Case Filings Case Disposed of Case Disposed (%) Case Pending at End of Year Civil Cases 963 5,250 6,213 5,041 81.14 1,172 Criminal Cases 1,592 3,666 5,258 4,007 76.21 1,251 Total 2,555 8,916 11,471 9,048 78.88 2,423 Noted : Total case filings = cases pending from previous year + new case filings 1.2 Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in New Case Filings 227 180 164 103 81 1. Land Dispute 2. Torts 3. Eviction 4. Claim Back Property 5. Revoke the Juristic Act Civil Cases (Causes of Action) 738 736 654 549 408 1. Narcotics Act 2. Offences Against Life 3. Firearm, Ammunition, Explosive, Firework and Imitation Firearm Act 4. Petty Offences 5. Offences to Theft and Snatching Criminal Cases (Causes of Offence)
|| Chapter 1 : The Supreme Court 1.3 Type of Civil Cases Type of Cases Cases Pending from Previous Years New Filings Total Case Filings Cases Disposed of Cases Disposed (%) Cases Pending at End of Year Civil Case 477 982 1459 1,036 71.01 423 Administrative Case 14 18 32 22 68.75 10 Election Case 3 1 4 4 100.00 0 Juvenile and Family Case 21 36 57 37 64.91 20 Bankruptcy Case 6 30 36 15 41.67 21 Bankruptcy Case (Business Rehabilitation) 0 9 9 5 55.56 4 Intellectual Property and International Trade Case 16 25 41 25 60.98 16 Tax Case 26 32 58 32 55.17 26 Labour Case 130 3,597 3727 3,419 91.74 308 Commercial Case 33 114 147 74 50.34 73 Consumer Case 228 386 614 352 57.33 262 Environmental Case 8 19 27 18 66.67 9 Civil Case for Holders of Political Position 1 1 2 2 100.00 0 Total 963 5,250 6,213 5,041 81.14 1,172 Noted : Total case filings = cases pending from previous year + new case filings Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 29
|| Chapter 1 : The Supreme Court 1.4 Type of Criminal Cases Type of Cases Cases Pending from Previous Years New Filings Total Case Filings Case Disposed Case Disposed (%) Case Pending End of Year Criminal Case 1,338 3,323 4,661 3,593 77.09 1,068 Criminal Case for Holders of Political Position 21 34 55 42 76.36 13 Juvenile and Family Case 16 28 44 31 70.45 13 Intellectual Property and International Trade Cases 12 18 30 22 73.33 8 Bankruptcy Cases 0 2 2 1 50.00 1 Consumer Cases 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 Environmental Cases 205 261 466 318 68.24 148 Total 1,592 3,666 5,258 4,007 76.21 1,251 Noted : Total casesfilings = pending cases from previous year + new cases Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 30
CHAPTER 2 : COURTS OF APPEAL -THE COURT OF APPEAL -THE COURT OF APPEAL, REGION I –IX -THE COURT OF APPEAL FOR SPECIALIZED CASES Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 32
|| Chapter 2 : Courts of Appeal 2.1 Case Pending and Case Disposed of Noted : cases pending from previous year + new case filings –cases disposed of = cases pending at end of year Court Cases Pending from Previous Year New Case Filings Case Disposed of Cases Disposed (%) Case Pending at End of Year Civil case Criminal case Total Civil case Criminal case Total Civil case Criminal case Total Civil case Criminal case Total The Court of Appeal 732 2,834 3,566 4,143 20,107 24,250 3,902 17,466 21,368 76.82 973 5,475 6,448 Court of Appeal, Regional Region I 238 130 368 1,725 3,122 4,847 1,761 2,993 4,754 91.16 202 259 461 Region II 195 149 344 1,129 3,667 4,796 1,115 3,484 4,599 89.47 209 332 541 Region III 258 157 415 1,344 1,813 3,157 1,437 1,796 3,233 90.51 165 174 339 Region IV 287 186 473 1,763 1,891 3,654 1,850 1,900 3,750 90.87 200 177 377 Region V 61 75 136 765 1,425 2,190 792 1,454 2,246 96.56 34 46 80 Region VI 96 87 183 808 1,427 2,235 816 1,365 2,181 90.20 88 149 237 Region VII 150 107 257 835 1,681 2,516 899 1,715 2,614 94.27 86 73 159 Region VIII 86 65 151 1,148 1,569 2,717 1,111 1,524 2,635 91.88 123 110 233 Region IX 16 33 49 522 1,194 1,716 462 1,082 1,544 87.48 76 145 221 Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases 316 45 361 2,726 221 2,947 2,844 246 3,090 93.41 198 20 218 Total 2,435 3,868 6,303 16,908 38,117 55,025 16,989 35,025 52,014 84.81 2,354 6,960 9,314 The Court of Appeal handles an appeal against a judgment or order of Civil Courts and Criminal Courts. Meanwhile the Regional Courts of Appeal handle an appeal against a judgment or order of the other Courts of First Instance located within their regions. The Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases was established at 1 st October 2016 to handle the appeal of specialized courts and juvenile and family courts. Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 33
|| Chapter 2 : Courts of Appeal 2.2 Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in New Case Filings 1,641 1,064 995 693 525 1. Torts 2. Eviction 3. Land Dispute 4. Breach of Contract 5. Contract of Guarantee Civil Cases (Causes of Action) 27,203 5,581 4,856 3,007 2,608 1. Narcotics Act 2. Land Traffic Act 3. Firearm, Ammunition, Explosive, Firework and Imitation Firearm Act 4. Offences to Theft and Snatching 5. Petty Offences Criminal Cases (Causes of Offence) Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 34
The Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 35
|| Chapter 2 : Courts of Appeal 2.3 Type of Cases in the Court of Appeal for Specialized Cases Cases Case Pending from Previous Years New Case Filings Total Case Filings Case Disposed of Case Disposed (%) Case Pending at End of Year Civil Cases Tax Case 28 74 102 82 80.39 20 Labour Case 158 2,034 2,192 2,087 95.21 105 Intellectual Property and International Trade Case (Civil) 48 125 173 144 83.24 29 Bankruptcy Case (Civil) 29 172 201 166 82.59 35 Bankruptcy Case (Business Rehabilitation) 5 28 33 31 93.94 2 Juvenile and Family Case (Civil) 48 293 341 334 97.95 7 Criminal Cases Intellectual Property and International Trade Case (Criminal) 17 75 92 78 84.78 14 Bankruptcy Case (Criminal) 1 4 5 4 80.00 1 Business Rehabilitation (Criminal) 1 0 1 1 100.00 0 Juvenile and Family Case (Criminal) 26 142 168 163 97.02 5 Total 361 2,947 3,308 3,090 93.41 218 Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 36
CHAPTER 3 : COURTS OF FIRST INSTANCE Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 38
3.1 Statistics of Cases in Nationwide Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 40
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance Courts not under Administrative Office of the Court of Justice, Region I -IX Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 41 Courts Case Pending From Previous Years New Case Filings Case Disposed of Case Disposed of (%) Case Pending to Following Year Civil Courts 20,632 71,217 70,081 76.30 21,768 Criminal Courts 4,666 25,538 24,865 82.32 5,339 Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases 525 1,167 1,098 64.89 594 The Central Juvenile and Family Court 1,016 3,248 3,041 71.32 1,223 The Central Bankruptcy Court 2,351 6,932 6,743 72.64 2,540 The Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court 758 2,474 2,414 74.69 818 The Central Tax Court 97 223 216 67.50 104 Labour Courts 2,819 16,561 13,854 71.49 5,526
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance Courts Case Pending From Previous Years New Case Filings Case Disposed of Case Disposed of (%) Case Pending to Following Year Region I Provincial Courts 22,921 99,812 102,574 83.57 20,159 Kwaeng Courts 29,691 156,735 161,261 86.50 25,165 Juvenile and Family Courts 446 3,342 3,238 85.48 550 Total Cases 53,058 259,889 267,073 85.34 45,874 Region II Provincial Courts 12,847 82,293 81,277 85.43 13,863 Kwaeng Courts 5,637 47,555 45,933 86.35 7,259 Juvenile and Family Courts 353 2,485 2,458 86.61 380 Total Cases 18,837 132,333 129,668 85.78 21,502 Region III Provincial Courts 22,473 142,689 143,510 86.89 21,652 Kwaeng Courts 4,589 49,226 50,121 93.14 3,694 Juvenile and Family Courts 571 5,097 5,155 90.95 513 Total Cases 27,633 197,012 198,786 88.49 25,859 Region IV Provincial Courts 26,654 161,092 167,030 88.97 20,716 Kwaeng Courts 5,181 29,792 30,915 88.40 4,058 Juvenile and Family Courts 514 5,322 5,339 91.48 497 Total Cases 32,349 196,206 203,284 88.94 25,271 Region V Provincial Courts 10,377 66,089 68,125 89.09 8,341 Kwaeng Courts 4,617 37,871 38,395 90.37 4,093 Juvenile and Family Courts 282 2,050 2,051 87.95 281 Total Cases 15,276 106,010 108,571 89.52 12,715 Region VI Provincial Courts 13,206 82,865 83,442 86.85 12,629 Kwaeng Courts 3,564 22,897 22,645 85.58 3,816 Juvenile and Family Courts 279 2,530 2,507 89.25 302 Total Cases 17,049 108,292 108,594 86.64 16,747 Region VII Provincial Courts 11,873 78,646 78,260 86.46 12,259 Kwaeng Courts 5,401 34,106 33,581 85.00 5,926 Juvenile and Family Courts 336 2,231 2,267 88.31 300 Total Cases 17,610 114,983 114,108 86.06 18,485 Region VIII Provincial Courts 9,385 86,727 88,031 91.59 8,081 Kwaeng Courts 4,079 41,320 41,343 91.07 4,056 Juvenile and Family Courts 243 2,153 2,162 90.23 234 Total Cases 13,707 130,200 131,536 91.40 12,371 Region IX Provincial Courts 10,146 75,668 78,388 91.35 7,426 Kwaeng Courts 2,483 15,909 15,867 86.27 2,525 Juvenile and Family Courts 200 1,886 1,964 94.15 122 Total Cases 12,829 93,463 96,219 90.52 10,073 Courts under Administrative Office of the Court of Justice, Region I -IX Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 42
Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 43 96,848 35,661 14,601 14,579 10,089 1. Execution of Inheritance 2. Torts 3. Subrogation 4. Claim for Damages 5. Loan Civil Cases (Causes of Action) 350,165 124,442 39,111 33,849 21,665 1. Narcotics Act 2. Land Traffic Act 3. Emergency Decree on Public Administration in Emergency Situations B.E. 2548 (2005) 4. Firearm, Ammunition, Explosive, Firework and Imitation Firearm Act 5. Offences to Theft and Snatching Criminal Cases (Causes of Offence) Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in The Courts of First Instance (New Case Filings) || Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance
Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 44 233,860 181,227 141,197 75,535 56,779 1. Personal Loan 2. Credit Card 3. Loan 4. Hire Purchase (Automobile) 5. Contract of Guarantee Consumer Cases (Causes of Action) 197 155 75 34 25 1 2 3 4 5 Environmental Cases (Causes of Action) 1. Claiming for damages to life, body, health, property, or any other right. 2. Claim for compensation arising from damages incurred to natural forest resource. 3. Claim for compensation arising from damages incurred to natural wildlife resource and Others. 4. Filing a motion for protecting and conserving natural resources or the environment of the community. 5. Filing a motion for paying damages of the total value of the natural resources or the others || Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance Top Five Causes of Action and Offences in The Courts of First Instance (New Case Filings)
3.2 General Courts Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 45
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance 3.2.1 Civil Courts ( New Case Filings ) Courts Civil Cases Consumer Cases Environmental Cases Commercial Cases Total New Case Filings The Civil Court 7,953 5,733 1 13,687 The Bangkok South Civil Court 3,378 2,191 0 636 6,205 The Thon Buri Civil Court 3,472 2,959 0 6,431 The Taling Chan Civil Court 2,466 6,333 0 8,799 The Phra Khanong Civil Court 2,920 8,129 0 11,049 The Min Buri Civil Court 4,733 20,313 0 25,046 Total 24,922 45,658 1 636 71,217 13,687 6,205 6,431 8,799 11,049 25,046 Civil Court Bangkok South Civil Court Thon Buri Civil Court Taling Chan Civil Court Phra Khanong Civil Court Min Buri Civil Court New Case Filings to the Courts Note : The Bangkok South Civil Court has established a division Commercial Cases. Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 46
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance 3.2.2 Criminal Courts ( New Case Filings ) Court Criminal Cases Narcotics Cases Human Trafficking Cases Total New Case Filings The Criminal Court 3,317 2,506 60 5,883 The Bangkok South Criminal Court 2,730 2,730 The Thonburi Criminal Court 3,118 3,118 The Taling Chan Criminal Court 2,984 2,984 The Phra Khanong Criminal Court 3,968 3,968 The Min Buri Criminal Court 6855 6,855 Total 22,972 2,506 60 25,538 5,883 2,730 3,118 2,984 3,968 6,855 The Criminal Court The Bangkok South Criminal Court The Thonburi Criminal Court Taling Chan Criminal Court Phra Khanong Criminal Court Min Buri Criminal Court New Case Filings to the Courts Note : The Criminal Court has established a division for Narcotics Cases and Human Trafficking Cases. Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 47
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance 3.2.3 The Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases ( New Case Filings ) Court Criminal Cases Civil Cases Total New Case Filings The Criminal Courts for Corruption and Misconduct Cases Central 201 1 202 Region 1 102 1 103 Region 2 86 1 87 Region 3 124 124 Region 4 208 208 Region 5 92 92 Region 6 117 117 Region 7 90 1 91 Region 8 82 82 Region 9 61 61 Total 1,163 4 1,167 872 163 161 144 108 1 2 3 4 5 Criminal Cases (Causes of Offences) 1. An official dishonestly exercises or omits to exercise any of his functions (Section 157) 2. An official certifies a document which is false (Section 162) 3. An official wrongfully exercises one's functions (Section 151) 4. An official misappropriates the thing for his own (Section 147) 5. Organic Act on Supplementing the Constitution Relating to the Prevention and Suppression of Corruption, B.E. 2561 (2018) Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 48
|| Chapter 3 : Courts of First Instance 3.2.4 Provincial Courts Courts Civil Cases Consumer Cases Environmental Cases Criminal Cases Total New Case Filings Provincial Courts Region I 17,979 45,421 129 36,283 99,812 Region II 13,663 38,030 66 30,534 82,293 Region III 24,609 75,333 110 42,637 142,689 Region IV 28,802 82,018 44 50,228 161,092 Region V 11,455 28,038 35 26,561 66,089 Region VI 12,009 42,661 62 28,133 82,865 Region VII 13,018 31,846 33 33,749 78,646 Region VII 10,297 30,862 25 45,543 86,727 Region IX 8,962 26,770 3 39,933 75,668 Total 140,794 400,979 507 333,601 875,881 99,812 82,293 142,689 161,092 66,089 82,865 78,646 86,727 75,668 Region I Region II Region III Region IV Region V Region VI Region VII Region VII Region IX New Case Filings to the Courts Annual Judicial Statistics, Thailand 2020 | Page 49