E-Book of English for Career Preparation course

- Today, I’m going to be talking about

new Sales policies and how they will affect
our Sales representatives. I’ll begin by outlining the
policies, and then I’ll move on to highlight what they

mean for our Sales representatives and their working
habits. Finally, I’ll briefly discuss why we feel these

new policies are extremely necessary and useful for

our Sales people.
- I’d like to talk to you today about maintenance and

why we are all responsible for this issue, whichever
department you work in. First of all, I’ll explain why
‘maintenance’ has a broader meaning that you might
expect. I’ll continue by providing examples of real

maintenance, and why this is important for everyone
in the company. To finish, I’ll be asking you to think

about how you can relate maintenance into your

working habits.

Step3 Stating problems

- Have you ever felt unfairly treated at work,
or felt that the income you have been earning isn’t
appropriate? We’ve been working to design new

Sales policies that will make sure all Sales

representatives get fair income and contribute to the

company.

98

Step4 Signposting language

- Okay, that covers the new policies. Next, I’d like to
talk about how these policies could affect our Sales
representatives.
- Now that you’ve hear a bit about what not to do,
let’s move on and discuss useful advice to help you
become more effective Sales representatives.

Alternatives

- At this point, I’d like to turn to…
- Let me go into some more detail about…
- Let’s examine...in more depth.
- Moving on to my next point.

Step5 Dealing with problems

Said something wrong/incorrect

- Let me rephrase that.
- Actually, what I meant to say is…
- To clarify, I wanted to say that…

99

Forgot what you need to say
- Let me just add one more thing.
- I’d like to add something to a point we discussed
earlier.
- Let me turn to an earlier point briefly.

Delay answering
- Actually, I’ve prepared time for questions at the
end of my presentation, so we will address your idea
later.
- I’m not in a position to answer that right now, but
I’ll get back to you later this week.

Deflect the question
- That’s an interesting question. Before I answer, I’d
like to know why you are interested in this issue.
- You have raised an important point. What does
everyone else think about this?

100

Dismiss the question

- Thanks for your input, but I don’t see how that’s
related to what I’m discussing.
- I don’t mean to be blunt, but I think that’s
irrelevant to my topic.

Step6 Ending the presentation

- And that is all about new Sales policies for our
company.
What I talked about was the new benefits and
payment structures for Sales representatives as well
as positive working habits.
The first think I want you to do when you leave here
today is to call for a meeting with your own team
and inform them of what we discussed today.
Thank you.
Are there any questions?

-I’d like to finish by thanking everyone for coming
here today. If anyone has questions or queries, please
feel free to ask. By the way, I will be around here for
about 10 minutes. I’m very much willing to hear
from you.

101

Task 10: Role Play (Presentation)

____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

102

Reference

Beare, K. (2017).Beginner Dialogues - Asking for Directions.Retrieved
from

https://www.thoughtco.com/beginner-dialogues-asking-for-
directions-1210035

Beare, K. (2017). Making Suggestions. Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/how-to-make-a-suggestion-1211130

Beare, K. (2017). Asking for Permission in English. Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/asking-for-permission-in-english-
1212032

Brooks, W. A. (2014).Asking Advice Makes a Good Impression.
Retrieved from
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/asking-advice-makes-a-
good-impression/

Bucki, J. (2017.) How to Set Up Professional Voicemail
Greetings.Retrieved from

https://www.thebalance.com/how-to-give-a-professional-voicemail-
greeting-2533703

Ciotti, G. (2016). How to Talk to Your Angriest Customers. Retrieved
from
https://www.helpscout.net/helpu/customer-complaints/

103

Doyle, A. (2017). Top 10 Interview Questions and Best Answers.
Retrieved from

https://www.thebalance.com/top-interview-questions-and-best-
answers-2061225

Edmunds, S. (2015).How to Offer Help to Your Boss. Retrieved from
http://work.chron.com/offer-boss-5257.html

Javier, K. (2015).How to make an appointment in English. Retrieved
from

https://blog.abaenglish.com/business-vocabulary-how-to-make-an-
appointment/
Joyce, S. (2017).The Most Common Interview Questions with 40+
Sample Answers. Retrieved from
https://www.job-hunt.org/job_interviews/common-job-interview-
questions.shtml
Leape, M. (1992).Describing Your Qualifications. Retrieved
from
http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1992/10/9/describing-
your-qualifications-pa-vital-step/
Mannella, A. (2016). Effective Business Presentations. Retrieved from
https://www.coursera.org/learn/powerpoint-presentations

104

Marshall, B. L. (2014).How to Take a Good Phone Message. Retrieved
from

http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/business-
career/communication/how-to-take-a-good-phone-message

Mayhew, R. (2015).How to Greet Colleagues on the First Day in

an Office. Retrieved from

http://work.chron.com/greet-colleagues-first-day-office-

4901.html

Quattrocchi, R. (2014).How to Manage Your Out of Office Greetings.
Retrieved from

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140827165148-17891061-
personal-branding-how-to-manage-your-out-of-office-greetings

Schmalbruch, S. (2016).Experienced business travelers reveal their
favorite travel tips. Retrieved from

http://www.businessinsider.com/business-travel-tips-from-expert-
travelers-2016-8

Ward, S. (2017).How to Answer the Phone Properly at Your
Business. Retrieved from

https://www.thebalance.com/how-to-answer-the-phone-properly-
2947153

Illustrations drawn by Ms. Chantapapha Champarak,
Bachelor of Architecture,
Mahasarakham University

105

British and American English
American English differs from British English not only in
pronunciation but also in vocabulary, spelling and grammar.
Vocabulary
The dictionary tells you which words are used only in
American English or have different meanings in British and
American English, for example cookie, elevator, trunk.
Spelling
The dictionary shows different spellings in British and
American English. The following differences are particularly
common:
In verbs which end in / and are not stressed on the final
syllable, the / is not doubled in the -ing form and the past
participle: cancelling; (NAmE) canceling.
Words which end in -tre are spelt -ter in American English:
center; (NAmE) center.
Words which end in -our are usually spelt -or in American
English: colour; (NAmE) color.
Words which end in –ogue are usually spelt –og in American
English: dialogue; (NAmE) dialog.
In British English many verbs can be spelt with either -ize or -
ise. In American English only the spelling with –ize is
possible: realize, -ise; (NAmE) realize.

106

Have/have got
In British English it is possible to use have got or have to
express the idea of possession. In American English only have
can be used in questions and negative sentences:
They have/have got two computers. (BrE and NAmE)
Have you got a computer? Yes, I have. (BrE)
Do you have a computer? Yes, I do. (BrE and NAmE)
Get/gotten
In American English the past participle of get is gotten:
Your English has got better. (BrE)
Your English has gotten better. (NAmE)
Go/Come and…
In these expressions and is often omitted:
Go and take a look outside. (BrE)
Go take a look outside. (NAmE)
On the telephone
Hello, is that David? (BrE)
Hello, is this David? (NAmE)

© Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7th Edition

107

Electronic messaging

2DAY today LOL lots of love / luck / laughing out loud
2MORO tomorrow MSG message
2NITE tonight MYOB mind your own business
ASAP as soon as possible N01 no one
ATB all the best PCM please call me
B4 before PLS please
B4N bye for now SOM1 someone
BBL be back later SPK speak
BTW by the way THX thanks
CUL8R see you later WAN2 want to
F2F face to face WKND weekend
FYI for what it’s worth X kiss
GR8 great XLNT excellent
HAND have a nice day XOXO hugs and kisses
ILU I love you YR your/you’re
IMHO in my humble opinion
KIT keep in touch

:-) happy (a ‘smiley’) Emoticons

:-( unhappy :’-( crying
:-| bored
;-) winking :-* kiss
:-O surprised
:-D laughing :-X my lips are sealed (I won’t tell anyone)
:-Q I don’t understand

© Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7th Edition

108

Business and Finance words

accordance n. : in Co. abbr. dividend n.
accordance with commodity n. dominant adj.
compensation n. dot-com
accountancy n. competitor n.
accountant n. completion n. (also dotcom) n. e-
acquisition n. comply v. combining form
adjustment n. component n., adj. earnings n.
administration n. comprise v. economics n.
administrative adj. confidential adj. economist n.
adviser (also advisor) n. consistent adj. effectiveness n.
agenda n. efficiency n.
airline n. consistently adv. electronics n.
allocate v. constraint n. enhance v.
allocation n. consultant n.
allowance n. consumption n. enhanced adj.
analyst n. contractor n. enterprise n.
announcement n. cooperation (BrE also co- evaluate v.
assess v. operation) n. exceed v.
assessment n. cooperative (BrE also co- excess n., adj.
asset n. operative) adj., n.
assumption n. corporate adj. in excess of
audit n., v. corporation n. exclusive adj.
auditor n.
authorize (BrE also -ise) v. (abbr. Corp.) exclusively adv.
banker n. correspond v. exemption v.
biotechnology (also biotech) expansion n.
n. corresponding adj. expenditure n.
bond n. creation n. expertise n.
bonus n. creditor n. external adj.
boom n., v. currency n. fiscal adj.
boost v., n. database n. flexibility n.
borrower n. dealer n. flexible adj.
breach n., v. debtor n. framework n.
broadband n. decision-making n. franchise n., v.
broker n. deficit n.
burden n., v. delegate n., v. franchising n.
carrier n. dependent adj. fraud n.
cater v. depreciation n. GDP n.
differ v. globalization (BrE also -
cater for directive n. isation) n.
catering n. disclose v. gross adj., adv., v., n.
chartered adj. (BrE) disclosure n. guidance n.
clause n. dismissal n. guidelines n.
disposal n. at your/sb’s high-tech
disposal
dispute n., v. (also hi-tech) adj.
holder n.
holding n.
implement v.

109

Business and Finance words

implementation n. mortgage n., v. redundancy n.
incentive n. motivation n. registration n.
incorporate v. multinational adj., n. regulate v.
negotiate v. regulator n.
incorporated adj. negotiation n. regulatory adj.
(abbr. Inc.) net (BrE also nett) adj. repayment n.
incur v. obligation n. replacement n.
inflation n. online adj., adv. resolution n.
innovation n. operational adj. restraint n.
input n., v. operator n. restructure v.
institutional adj. organizational (BrE also -
integrated adj. isational) adj. restructuring n.
integrated adj. outcome n. retail n., adv., v.
interim adj. overseas adj., adv.
investor n. ownership n. retailing n.
invoice n., v. participant n. retailer n.
landlord n. participate v. revenue n.
laptop n. payable adj. scope n.
leadership n. perceive v. seller n.
lease n., v. percentage n. settlement n.
leasing n. personal computer n. shareholder n.
legislation n. (abbr. PC) short-term adj.
leisure n. personnel n. specialize (BrE also -ise) v.
lender n. plc (also PLC) abbr.
liability n. portfolio n. specialized (BrE also -ised)
liable adj. premium n., adj. adj.
limitation n. principal adj. specification n.
liquidity n. principally adv. specify v.
long-term adj. privatization (BrE also - stake n.
Ltd abbr. isation) n.
maintenance n. probability n. at stake
maker n. productivity n. start-up adj., n.
managerial adj. profile n. statistic n.
manual adj. profitable adj.
margin n. provider n. statistics n.
maturity n. provision n. statutory adj.
mechanism n. purchaser n. sterling n.
memo (also memorandum) ratio n. stock exchange n.
n. recession n. stock market n.
merge v. recommendation n. strategic adj.
merger n. recovery n.
monetary adj. recruit v., n. strategically adv.
monopoly n. recruitment n. structural adj.
monthly adj., adv.
structurally adv.
submit v.
subscribe v.
subscriber n.
subscription n.
subsequent adj.

subsequently adv.

110

Business and Finance words

subsidiary adj., n. trader n. valuation n.
supplier n. transaction n. variable adj., v.
surplus n. adj. Treasury n. VAT n. (BrE)
sustainable adj. turnover n. vendor n.
takeover n. uncertainty n. voluntary adj.
taxation n. underlie v.
taxpayer n. voluntarily adv.
telecommunications (also underlying adj. warranty n.
telecoms) n. undertake v. workforce n.
tenant n. worldwide adj., adv.
tender n., v. undertaking n. yield v., n.
utility n. (especially NAmE)

© Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7th Edition

111