340 Index Testing, 166–167
Test-retest reliability, 245–247,
Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice,
10 246e
Textbooks, 59
Scholarly publications, 9–10 Theoretical definition, 110
Scientific hypothesis, 124 Theoretical framework, 103, 111,
Scientific inquiry, 6–7, 118
Scientific integrity, 8–9, 11t, 327 112e, 314
Scientific Integrity Guidelines, 9 Theoretical literature, 88
Scientific literature, 88 Theoretical sampling, 202, 202e
Scientific method, 6–8 Theory, 102–113
Scientific rigor, 190–191, 205
Search strategy, for evidence-based borrowed, 108, 109e, 109t
classification of, 104–108
practice, 63–65 data and, 102–103
Secondary analysis, 171, 172e definition of, 103
Secondary sources, 88, 89e grand, 105–107, 106t
Self-Efficacy Scale (SES), 254 middle-range, 106–107, 107t
Semantic differential scale, 227t, nursing, 104–108
practice, 107–108, 108t
227–229, 229e purposes of, 103
Setting, 150–151 research problems from, 83
Simple hypothesis, 122, 123t Title, of research report, 295, 313
Simple random sampling, 136–139, Transitional care, 15
Triangulation, 7
137e t-test, 277–281, 280e
Single-blinded study, 164 Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 31
Skewed distribution, 266–267, 267f 2 x 2 contingency table, 284, 285f
Snowball sampling, 143–144, 145e Two-way ANOVA, 281
Solomon Four-Group design, 162
Specialty journals, 10 U
Spirituality Index of Well-Being
U.S. Public Health Service, 31
(SIWB), 246e, 277
Spirituality Well-Being Scale (SWB), 225e V
Standard deviation, 271–272, 272t
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Validity
concurrent, 251–252, 252e
253e construct, 252–253, 253e
Statistical hypothesis, 124 content, 250, 251e
Statistical regression, 167 criterion-related, 250–251
Statistical significance, 293–294 critiquing of, 255–256
Statistics deductive reasoning, 104
definition of, 250
descriptive. See Descriptive statistics external, 149
function of, 285 importance of, 255
hypothesis testing using, 126 inductive reasoning, 104
inferential. See Inferential statistics internal, 165–167
Stetler model, 53t predictive, 252
Stratified random sampling, 140, 140e research design, 165–170
Strauss, Anselm, 199
Structured abstract, 295–296 Van Manen’s method of data analysis,
Subject headings search, 64 190t
Survey, 150, 215
Symbolic interaction, 199 Variables
Symmetrical distribution, 266 biophysical, 232–233, 233e
Systematic sampling, 141–142, 143e classification of, 128–130
confounding, 130, 159
T
Tables, 287, 299
Target population, 135
continuous, 244 Index 341
dependent, 129
dichotomous, 241 Visual analogue scale, 230, 230e, 230f
extraneous, 129–130, 158–159 Vulnerable research participants, 36
independent, 128–129
relationship between, 122 W
within hypothesis, 121, 121e
Variance Ways of knowing, 5
calculation of, 272t Western Interstate Commission for
definition of, 271
homogeneity of, 278 Higher Education (WICHE), 53t
Video recordings, 233 Western Journal of Nursing Research,
10
Willowbrook Study, 31–32
Within-group variance, 281