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Published by hasmanierahashim01, 2022-07-08 06:34:50

IMR455 ASSIGNMENT

Thematic Finding Aids

ADMINISTRATION OF ARCHIVES (IMR455)

THEMATIC FINDING AIDS PROJECT (HISTORICAL EVENTS IN MALAYSIA)



The Incident of

Bukit Kepong

MUHAMMAD AKMAL AMIN BIN KAMARULZAMAN 2021617456
NUR HASMANIERA BINTI CHE HASHIM 2021461392
RABIATUL ADDAWIAH 2021476572
INFAZAH DAMIA BINTI JEFNI 2021865294
NUR AIN NAJIHAH BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI 2021888368

TABLE OF CONTENT Page

No. TOPIC a
b
1. ACKNOWLDEGEMENT c
2 EXPLANATORY NOTES 1
3 ABBREVIATIONS 2-3
4 INTRODUCTION 4-5
5 CHAPTER 1: THE BEGINNING OF THE INCIDENT OF BUKIT KEPONG 6-8
6 CHAPTER 2: DURING THE INCIDENT OF BUKIT KEPONG 9-10
7 CHAPTER 3: AFTER THE INCIDENT OF BUKIT KEPONG
8 CHAPTER 4: THE CEREMONY OF BUKIT KEPONG

9 CHAPTER 5: BUKIT KEPONG POLICEMEN 11- 14

10. CONCLUSION 15
11. LIST OF ARHIVAL MATERIAL 16-19
12. LIST OF FIGURES 20-22
13. INDEXES
14 REFERENCES 23
d-e

Acknowledgement

Assalamualaikum w.b.t…

First and foremost, praise and thanks to Allah the Most Merciful and the Most Gracious, for giving us strength and
knowledge in order to complete this Group Assignment for ADMINISTRATION OF ARCHIVES (IMR455). In order to
complete this assignment, we receive an excellent guideline from the respected person who deserves our greatest gratitude.

First of all, we would like to thank and show gratitude towards Professor Madya Dr. Irwan Kamaruddin Bin Abd Kadir,
lecturer of Administration of Archives, University Technology Mara (UITM) for giving us a great guideline for this
assignment throughout numerous consultations.

Last but not least, special thanks to all who have directly and indirectly guided us in this group assignment. We would like
to express our deepest appreciation to our beloved parents, classmates in this semester which is IM2462ST4 and colleagues
for their continuous encouragement for sharing tips and help us in completing this assignment.




a

Explanatory Notes

These finding aids are tool that assist users in locating information
within a record group, collection , or series of archival documents. This
assignmen's findign aids are related to the Bukit Kepong incident.
Electronic and non-electronic sources can provide many different form
s of infomation inside the collection . The finding essistance can also aid
in the management of the archival repsitory's materials and resources.
The content of these finding aids in based on digital documents
accessible at the Malaysia National Archive.

b

Abbreviations Note

No ABBREVIATIONS EXPLANATORY

1. AP Assistant Police

2. HG Home Guard

3. AP Auxiliary Police 

4. KPB Ketua Balai Polis( Police Station Chief)

5. Ins Inspector

6. Sgt Sergeant

7. LCpl Lance Corporal 

8. MPAJA Malyan People’s Anti-Japanese Army 

9. SC Special Constable

c

Introduction

Bukit Kepong is a town in Johor, Malaysia's Muar district. It is close to the Muar River. The horrific
Bukit Kepong Incident made the town famous. During the Malayan Emergency, the Federation of
Malaya Police and communist terrorists from the Malayan Communist Party fought in the Bukit
Kepong Incident on February 23, 1950. This incident occurred in the vicinity of the Bukit Kepong
police station in Bukit Kepong.

The tragedy began shortly before daybreak, when Communist militants
launched a guerrilla attack on the police station, killing nearly all of the
officers stationed there. The assailants were confident that they would be
able to defeat the police officers and take possession of the police station in a
short period of time when they launched the siege. This was owing to a
number of variables in their favor, including their numerical and military
advantage, as well as the station's relative isolation.

1

Chapter 1:

The Beginning of the

Incident of Bukit Kepong

Chapter 1

Bukit Kepong is a small settlement on the banks of the Muar River in Johor with about 20 stores, the most of which are
owned by Chinese people. This community is near to other Malay communities, which are 3 to 6 kilometers apart by road.
The quickest and fastest method to go to Hill Kepong is to drive to Lenga and then to Bukit Kepong along the river
route, which takes about 2 hours.

Bukit Kepong lost communication with the outside world due to its
secluded location, The residents of this community are straightforward,
bold, and self-sufficient. Since the start of the emergency, they have
had a lot of suceess in combating communist terrorists. The most
noteworthy instance occurred 18 months prior when three Malays
struggled with three communist terrorists armed with automatic
weapons.

Figure 1: Bukit Kepong police stations site burned by communist terrorist
Accession number: 1998/0009610W

2

Armed only with knives, they were able to kill one terrorist, injure
and capture another, and force a third terrorist to flee. The village
guards, which consisted of 40 auxiliary cops and various groups
armed with machetes, were awarded 'Colonial Police Medals' for
their bravery in another combat.

Figure 2: Some police picture at Anjong Balai before

the attack on bukit kepong police station
Accession number ; 1998/0009605W

The Bukit Kepong police force and the auxiliary police force collaborate closely. Three of them were on duty

as usual when a gang of communist terrorists (180 individuals) assaulted the Bukit Kepong Police Station at

5.00 a.m. on February 23, 1950. The police station and officers" barracks were instantly defended in the face

of a massive attack by communist terrorists armed with automatic weapons who surrounded the police

station. The shootings were brutal, and the communist terrorists demanded that the police surrender, but

they were disregarded. The conflict continued, and numerous personnel of the police station were killed,

while off-duty officers in the officers barracks continued to fight until one by one they were dead. When two

women of police marines discovered their husbands had been killed, they picked up arms and fought with

other members until they ran out of ammunition. 3

Chapter 2:

During The Incident

of Bukit Kepong

Figure 3: View of Bukit Kepong Police Station
Accession number: 1998/0009627W

During the incident of Bukit Kepong, Kampung Tui dispatched reinforeements as the batile
raged through the neighboring areas. The 13 AP/HG (Auxiliary Police/Home Guard) escorted
Ali Mustafa, the village chief of Kampung Tui, and his people. About a half-kilometer from the
train station, the Communists rushed them. Communists used automatic weapons, which
outgunned the villagers' rifles and shotguns, hence they prevailed in the battle The village's
guards were killed by the attack. Although they only made it halfway, their presence eased
the pressure on Bukit Kepong's troops, leading to a Communist retreat in general.

4

A shift in strategy on the part of communist terrorists can be seen beginning Figure 4: Boat used by Bukit Kepong Police
around 7:00 in the morning. Mariam Ibrahim, the wife of Constable Accession Number: 1998/0009606W
Mohammad Jaafar, Fatimah Yaaba, the wife of Constable Abu Bakar Daud, and
her son Hassan were all detained by the police. When the communists
compelled them to surrender, the police were called. Although the police
employed afoul tactic, they were unaffected and continued their fight to the
last end. As a direct consequence of this, communist terrorists managed to kill
Fatimah while also injuring Mariam. Constable Abu Bakar Daud, Fatimah's
husband, was hurt in the chest and hands while he was protecting his boat in
the attack.

For more than four hours, the attackers had to fight their way through the police force
before they could complete their depraved mission. The wives, inspired by their
husbands' courage, joined the fight, and gave their lives. A young child who was found
shivering among the dead police officers was tossed into the fire alive, At the very end of
the major conflict, the communists set fires in both the barracks and the police station.
The barracks were the setting for the horrific murder of two mothers and their children.
At that moment just 3 cops and a village guard were still alive.

5

Chapter 3:

After The Incident of

Bukit Kepong

After the incident, about 25 policemen including the families who lost during the incident
were recorded dead. The Muslim people were buried nearby the Bukit Kepong. According to
hmetro.com, my, all the tombs were covered to distinguish between the normal people and
the lost from the Bukit Kepong incident. The people who were not lost from the Bukit
Kepong incident were also buried there. To differentiate the tomb, the villagers cover the
lusts tomb of Bukit Kepong to differentiate them from villagers.

Nowadays, the tomb is being cared for by the villagers who live nearby it. The tomb was
being cared for, which the villagers painted and cut the grass to keep the surrounding clean
and clear. The surrounding which is clean shows that the villagers were working together to
maintain the treasure that remind people with event that sacrifice them self in order to keep
the safety of their motherland from colonizers.

Figure 5: Tomb of policemen, villagers and families who lost

during the incident of Bukit Kepong
Accession number: 2001/0049511W

6

Around 7 a,m., the berek were held by communists and held Mariam Ibrahim as hostage in order to
force the police to surrender, Mohammd Jaafar, his husband, did not give up and fought to the bitter
end. Fatimah and her son Hassan also fought and died in the end while defending the police station
with others.
Meanwhile, her husband was in charge of steering the boat down the Muar River. Constable Abu
Bakar Daud was in charge of the boat. When he was fighting with the communists, Constable Abu
Bakar Daud was shot in the chest. As he defended the boat, he was shot in the chest and hand. The
boat was one way to get the information to the nearest villager. The communists burned down the
entire police station near the end of the conflict. Three (3) police officers and the villagers survived.
They were able to shoot at least three (3) communists on their way out of the police station.

Figure 6: The boat which burn after the incindent
Accession Number : 1998/0009603W

7

Tun Hussein On whom the minister of Johore at that time came to visit Figure 7: Dato' Onn Jaafar (Minister of

the police station site after the incident. Tun Husseion Onn with the Johor) visiting the police station site of Bukit

person in charge and villagers look around the police station site to see
effect after the incident that happened on 23rd February 1950. Kepong
Nowadays, the police station site where empty even though have being Accession Number: 1998/0009608W
rebuild the new building. The Galeri Darurat was built near the police
station site. The Galeri Darurat was built next to it where it places many
memories and information about an incident that happened to the police
station on 23 February 1950. The Caleri Darurat also display raplica such
as the weapons, and the picture. People who came and visit the Galeri
Darurat will be able to gain new experience and felt the situation like in
1950.

The Galeri Darurat includes most of the information from what happened in Bukit Kepong. People keep
remembering the incident even though it already happened a long time ago. The Galeri Darurat could
be a good place to learn and know what happened back then at the police station. The site was rebuilt
because it can make sure the next generation would be able to know that actual situation that
happened in 1950.

8

Chapter 4:
Ceremony of Bukit Kepong

The Bukit Kepong Incident is one of the memorable incidents that happened in
Malaysia's independent history. The heroic gestures of the policemen are really admired
and appreciated by Malaysians.

On February 23, 1950 the Malayan communist party terrorist (CPM) attack on the Bukit
Kepong Police Station occurred, but has never faded from Malaysians’ memories. The
75th anniversary of the Malayan Communist party the terrorist attack on the Bukit
Kepong police station occurred on the February 23 1950. Disappear their valiant efforts
to repeal the enemy’s assault and defend the whole family the policemen eventually
collapsed one by one.

9

Next, every year a ceremony would hold to commemorate and honors the assistance
and sacrifices of the fighters who were injured and killed in the bloody tragedy. The
Bukit Kepong incident commemoration ceremony held in conjunction with the 2013
police day celebration 2020 at the Bukit Kepong emergency gallery. This ceremony is
held each year to commemorate and appreciate the assistance and sacrifices of their
fighters who were inured and killed n the bloody tragedy of the Bukit Kepong polices
station attack. The family members of Bukit Kepong tragedy fighters were also given
donation and appreciation.

10

Chapter 5:

Bukit Kepong

Policemen

As previously mentioned, around 25 police officers battled valiantly until one by one they were killed.
There have been 17 police officers slain, as well as almost 40 communists. Witnesses estimate that
roughly 200 communist terrorists from the Company The 4th independent were there who attacked was
believed to be led by Muhammad Indera, a Communist Malays deceived by the Chinese communists, who
was told at the start of his plan that the attack would only be a warning, but it turned out to be a terrible
tragedy. It was also joined by Commissioner Goh Peng Tun. Half of the communists surrounded the police
station from the front, while the rest surrounded the police station from all sides. Around 04.15 a.m., the
fight began when Constable Jaffar bin Hassan confronted and killed a communist terrorist who was
cutting the hall's barbed wire. The communists then launch an all-out assault, particularly from the front

They believed that the attack would surprise the police, but they are already encountering fierce
resistance from the officers, particularly from the two-position Bren Guns stationed inside the fort
underneath the Control Center. Despite communist demands, the police, commanded by Sgt Jamil Mohd
Shah, refused to surrender, despite the fact that there were less of them. Under the command of chief Ali
Mustaffa, the Auxiliary Police squad, together with a group of villagers armed with rifles and shotguns,
were assembled in Kampong Jawa at 5 a.m. and proceeded to assist. They were attacked by communist
terrorists charged with blocking any outside aid while assisting, and numerous villagers as well as
communist terrorists were murdered in the conflict.

11

Fgure 8: Sarjan Jamil Bin Mohd Salleh
Figure 9: L/KPL Jidin B.Omar Figure 10: Yusof Bin Rono
Head of Bukit Kepong Police Station Accession Number:
Accession Number: 1998/0009623W
Accession Number :1998/0009612W 1998/0009619W

Figure 11: Jaafar bin Hassan Figure 12: Mohamad Jaafar
Accession Number:
Accession Number:

1998/0009616W 1998/0009613W

Figure 13: Othman Yusof
Accession Number:


12 1998/0009620W

Figure 14: Ibrahim Bin Adam Figure 15: Abu Bakar bin Daud
Accession Number:
Accession Number:

1998/0009615W 1998/0009621W

Figure 16: Ahmad bin Khalid Figure 17: Hamzah bin Ahmad
Accession Number:
Accession Number:

1998/0009622W 1998/000914W

13

Figure 18: Hassan bin Othman Figure 19: Mohd. Yassin bin Hj.

Accession Number: 1998/0009617W Abdl Wahab

Accession Number:

1998/0009618W

Figure 20: The charred body of a policeman was

burnt in the Bukit Kepong incident

Accession Number;:1998/0009601W

14

Coclusion

The incident of Bukit Kepong is considered to be a tragic defeat although it
strengthened the Government and people's resolve to fight the Communist
insurgency. As we progressed as an independent nation 64 years on, the post-
Merdeka generation often does not reflect how our forefathers went through
many struggles to gain freedom. If we would ask those who survived the
communist insurgency era, for example they would have many stories of hardship ,
bravery, and resilience to share in living through life pre-independence.

With OFA( Online Finding Aid), users can find

specific information such as records group, archival

materials, series, or collection. OFA offers students
and researchers to find information about historical

events. OFA can be accessed on the internet for

student without them having to visit the archive

center physically.

15

LIST ARCHIVAL MATERIALS




No. Identifier No.
Archival Materials





1. 1998/0009610W Tapak balai polis bukit kepong yang dibakar oleh pengganas komunis



Sebahagian dari anggota polis bergambar ramai ramai di anjong balai polis tidak
2. 1998/0009605W
lama sebelum serangan ke atas balai polis bukit kepong oleh komunis






3. 1998/0009627W Pandangan Belakang Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Hari Ini






4. 1998/0009606W Bot yang digunakan oleh anggota polis bukit kepong






5. 1998/0009612W Potret Sarjan Jamil bin Mohd.Shah (Ketua Polis Balai Bukit Kepong)

16

MM 60 Ibrahim bin Adam Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis
11. 1998/0009615W
Dalam Persitiwa Bukit Kepong



MM Abu Bakar Bin Daud Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis
12. 1998/0009621W
Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



MM 9136 Hassan Bin Othman Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai
13. 1998/0009617W Polis Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



MM Ahmad Bin Khalid Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahakan Balai Polis
14. 1998/0009622W Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



MM 3922 Hamzah Bin Ahmad Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahakan Balai
15. 1998/0009614W Polis Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong

18

L/Kpl Jidin B.Omar Anggota polis yang mempertahankan balai polis dalam peristiwa
6. 1998/0009619W bukit kepong



MM 7645 Yusof Bin Rono Aggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis Dalam
7. 1998/0009623W
Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



MM 8680 Jaafar bin Hassan Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis Dalam
8. 1998/0009616W
PeristiwaBukit Kepong



MM 7493 Mohammad Jaafar Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis
9. 1998/0009613W Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



MM Othman Yusof Anggota Polis Yang Mempertahankan Balai Polis Dalam

10. 1998/0009620W Peristiwa Bukit Kepong

17

16 1998/0009618W
KPL 7068 Mohd. Yassin Bin Haji Abdl Wahab Anggota Polis Yang
Mempertahankan Balai Polis Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong



Mayat Anggota Polis Hangus Terbakar Dalam Peristiwa Bukit Kepong
17 1998/0009601W Yang Diserang Komunis Pada 23 Februari 1950





18 1998/0009603W The boat which burn after the incident of Bukit Kepong



Dato’ Onn Jaafar (Minister of Johor) visiting the police station site of
19 1998/0009608W Bukit Kepong



Tomb of policeman, villagers and families who lost during the incident
20 2001/0049511W og Bukit Kepong

19

LIST OF FIGURE

No. Figure Name Page

1. Bukit Kepong police station site burned by communist terrorist 2
3
2 Some police pictures at Anjong Balai not long before the attack on Bukit Kepong 4
police station by communists 5
6
3 View of Bukit Kepong Police 7

4 Boat used by Bukit Kepong Police

5. Tomb of policemen, villagers and families who lost during the incident of Bukit

Kepong

6. The boat which burn after the incident

20

No. Figure Name Page

7. Dato ' Jaafar Onn Jaafar (Minister of Johor ) visiting the police Station Today 8
8. Sarjan Jamil Bin Mohd Shah. Head of the Bukit Kepong Police Station 12
9. L/KPL Jidin B Omar 12
10. Yusof Bin Rono 12
11. Jaafar Bin Hassan 12
12. Mohamad Jaafar 12
13. Othman Yusof 12

21

No. Figure Name Page

14. Ibrahim Bin Adam 13
15. Abu Bakar Bin Daud 13
16. Hassan Bin Othman 14
17. Ahmad Bin Khalid 13
18. Hamzah Bin Ahmad 13
19. Mohd. Yassin Bin Hj. Abdl Wahab 14
20 The incident body of a policeman was burnt in the Bukit Kepong 14

22

A INDEXES
Ammunition, 3
Automatic weapons, 2, 4 K
Auxiliary police, 3, 11 Kampung Tui, 4

B L
Boat, 5, 7 Lenga, 2
Bren Guns, 11
M
C Malayan Communist Party, 1
Communist, 7, 11 Muar River, 2, 7

G T
Galeri Darurat, 8 Tombs, 6

H V
Hill Kepong, 2 Villagers, 4, 6,11

23

REFERENCES

Ayue Rejaluddin. (2015, February 24). 65 Tahun | Tragedi Bukit Kepong. Cherita
Ayue Rejaluddin. Retrieved July 2, 2022. from https:/www.ayuerejaluddin.com/2015/02/65-tahun-
tragedi-bukit-kepong.html

Aenid Abdullah. (2017, November 30). Nama-Nama Hebat Dalam Lipatan Sejarah PDRM.
Retrieved July 3, 2022 from https://www.thepatriots.asia/nama-nama-hebat-dalam-lipatan-sejarah-
porm/

PeKhabar. (2018, March 17). Peristiwa Bukit Kepong. Retrieved July 3, 2022, from
https://pekhabar.com/h-i-d-s-peristiwa-bukit-kepong

Elly Fazaniza. (2021, March 8). Bukit Kepong incident still fresh on his mind. TheSunDaily. Retrieved
July 2, 2022, from https://www.thesundaily.my/home/bukit-kepong-incident-still-fresh-on-his-mind-
BF8153636

The boat which burn after the incident. Online Finding Aids. Retrieved July 1, 2022 from
https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/group/asset/1362886

d

Portal Rasmi Polis Diraja Malaysia. Retrieved June 29 2022, from https://www.rmp.gov.my/news-
detail/2021/08/03/biarjasajadikenangan-keratan-akhbar-pilihan-bukit-kepong-incident-still-fresh-on-
his-mind

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. (2012, Jan 27). Peristiwa bukit kepong. Retrieved July 1, 2022 from
https://web.archive.org/web/20120127082809/http://www.ukm.my/knam/data/PeristiwaBukit
Kepong.pdf

S. (n.d.). GALERI DARURAT BUKIT KEPONG. kgrajajpk.com. Retrieved July 2, 2022, from
http://kgraja.pjk.com.my/index.php/warga-pi lm/sosio-ekonomi/pelancongan/143-galeri-
darurat-bukit-kepong

Some Police Picture at Anjong Balai not long before the attack on Bukit Kepong police station by
communist. Online Finding Aids. Retrieved June 30, 2022 from
https://ofa.arkib.gov.my/ofa/group/asset/1362887

Waris tragedi bukit Kepong tersinggung. (August 27). Utusan Online. Retrieved July 4, 2022 from
https://web.archive.org/web/20180813112624/http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp
?y=2011&dt=0828&pub=Utusan Malaysia&Sec=Dalam _Negeri&pg-d
n 06.htm

e


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