PENULISAN
RUJUKAN
FORMAT
APA EDISI KE-7
DR SHARON LEE LEH HONG This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
JABATAN PERANCANGAN, PENYELIDIKAN DAN INOVASI
INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU KAMPUS ILMU KHAS,
KUALA LUMPUR
KANDUNGAN
- Pengenalan APA
- Panduan Menulis Tajuk dan Sub-tajuk dalam format APA
Perubahan Minor dalam APA Edisi 6 dan Edisi 7
(10 perubahan Minor yang akan dibincangkan)
PANDUAN UMUM PENGGUNAAN NAMA
PENGARANG/PENULIS/PENERBIT
PANDUAN MENULIS RUJUKAN
✓buku
✓terbitan berkala, artikel daripada jurnal, majalah /akhbar (bercetak/online)
✓Bahan daripada organisasi, badan berkanun, swasta, kerajaan,
✓Sumber atau bahan elektronik (ebook, emagazine, web page, bahan
audio visual)
✓Prosiding, kertas seminar/konferens, tesis,
PENGENALAN
American Psychological Association.
• Format penulisan dalam bidang sains sosial
• psikologi
• antropologi
• sosiologi
• Pendidikan
APA Edisi ke-7
diterbitkan
Oktober 2019
PENGENALAN
• Dalam penulisan akademik pelajar perlu membaca sumber-sumber lain sebagai bahan sokongan atau
penghujahan.
• Antara sumber yang sering dirujuk ialah:
✓ buku
✓ terbitan berkala, artikel daripada jurnal, majalah /akhbar (bercetak/online)
✓ Bahan daripada organisasi, badan berkanun, swasta, kerajaan,
✓ Sumber atau bahan elektronik (ebook, emagazine, web page, bahan audio visual)
✓ Prosiding, kertas seminar/konferens, tesis,
• Senarai bahan rujukan perlu ditulis di bahagian akhir penulisan akademik.
TAJUK DAN SUB TAJUK (HEADINGS)
Gaya APA menggunakan 5 tahap untuk tajuk dan sub tajuk ( 5 possible
levels of headings)
Tahap Format
(Level of heading)
1 Centered, Bold, Title Case
Text begins on a new line (indent first line)
2 Left-aligned, Bold, Title Case
Text begins on a new line (indent first line)
3 Left-aligned, Bold, Italic, Title Case
Text begins on a new line (indent first line)
4 Indented, Bold, Title Case, Period (noktah). Text begins on the same line.
5 Indented, Bold, Italic, Title Case, Period (noktah). Text begins on the
same line.
FORMAT TAJUK DAN SUB TAJUK GAYA APA 7
Pendahuluan
Ayat pertama dalam perenggan…….
Pengenalan
Ayat pertama dalam perenggan…….
Guru dan Pemimpin Sekolah
Ayat pertama dalam perenggan…….
Pemilihan Guru. Ayat pertama dalam perenggan…….
Kelayakan Minima Pengambilan Calon Guru. Ayat pertama dalam perenggan…….
Perubahan APA 6.0 dan 7.0
❑Perubahan minor dalam rujukan
❑Panduan merujuk media dalam
talian
❑Perubahan minor dalam
penulisan tajuk jadual dan rajah
1. Lokasi penerbit tidak dimasukkan
APA Edisi 6
Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in personal
change. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
APA Edisi 7
Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful
lessons in personal change. Simon & Schuster.
2. Rujukan dalam teks di pendekkan
APA Edisi 6 - (Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, & Parker, 2018)
APA Edisi 7 - (Taylor et al., 2018)
3. Seramai 20 penulis dalam senarai rujukan
APA Edisi 6
Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T., … Nelson, T. P. (2018).
APA Edisi 7
Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T., Lewis, F., Lee, L. H., Cox, G.,
Harris, H. L., Martin, P., Gonzalez, W. L., Hughes, W., Carter, D., Campbell, C., Baker, A. B., Flores, T., Gray, W. E.,
Green, G., … Nelson, T. P. (2018).
4. DOI ditulis sebagai URL
APA Edisi 6
doi: 10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
APA Edisi 7
https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
5. Rujukan bagi laman web
APA Edisi 6
Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth
remains weak. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50419127
APA Edisi 7
Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth
remains weak. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50419127
6. Rujukan bagi buku elektronik
APA Edisi 6
Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and
satellites [Kindle version]. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-2473-2
APA Edisi 7
Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and
satellites. Springer Nature. https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2473-2
7. Penyumbang selain daripada penulis
Jenis Media Termasuk sebagai penulis
Film Pengarah
Siri TV Penerbit eksekutif
Episod Podcast Hos episode
Webinar Pengajar/penceramah
Video Streaming online Individu/kumpulan/organisasi
yang muatnaik video
Foto Penggambar/Photographer
8. Bahan Audio-Visual dan Media Sosial
8. Bahan Audio-Visual dan Media Sosial
• Bahan AV- time stamp Bier, S. (Director). (2018). Bird box [Film]. Netflix; Chris
Morgan Productions; Dylan Clark Productions.
(Bier, 2018, 16:30)
Jones, P. [patrickJMT]. (2009, October 24). Easily memorize the unit circle [Video].
YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03McKEg9ASA
(Jones, 2009, 1:15)
TED. (2016, August 30). Suzanne Simard: How trees talk to each other [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Un2yBgIAxYs
(TED, 2016)
APA Edisi 6 9. Jadual dan Rajah
Jadual 1
Taburan pelajar mengikut gender kumpulan J2.14 Peratus (%)
56
Gender Bilangan 44
Lelaki 9 100
Perempuan 7
Jumlah 16
APA Edisi 7
Jadual 1
Taburan Pelajar Mengikut Gender Kumpulan J2.14
Gender Bilangan Peratus (%)
Lelaki 9 56
Perempuan 7 44
Jumlah 16 100
APA Edisi 6 APA Edisi 7
Gender Rajah 1
Taburan Pelajar Mengikut Gender Kumpulan J2.14
Gender
7, 44% Lelaki
Perempuan
9, 56%
7, 44% Lelaki
Perempuan
9, 56%
Rajah 1. Taburan pelajar mengikut gender kumpulan J2.14
10. Rujukan Sumber Sekunder
Menyatakan penulisan daripada sumber sekunder:
(walau bagaimanapun, rujukan sumber sekunder adalah tidak digalakkan)
Rujukan dalam Teks:
Dalam Seidenberg dan McClelland's (1989, seperti yang dirujuk dalam Coltheart et al., 1993)
kajian ini ...
ATAU
…………..… (Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989, seperti yang dirujuk dalam Coltheart et al., 1993).
Senarai Rujukan
Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., & Haller, M. (1993). Models of reading aloud: Dual-route and
parallel distributed-processing approaches. Psychological Review, 100, 589-608.
PANDUAN UMUM
PENGGUNAAN NAMA
PENGARANG/PENULIS/
PENERBIT
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS VS SENARAI RUJUKAN
2 CARA MENULIS NAMA UNTUK
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS (CITATIONS)
Rujukan dalam teks boleh digunakan dalam dua (2) cara:
Parenthetical Citations (Author-focus /Nama penulis diutamakan)
Menurut Adams (2010), pelajar lebih suka melaksanakan kerja kursus dalam
kumpulan kerana ini dapat mengurangkan beban.
Narrative Citations (Info-focus /Info/fakta diutamakan)
Pelajar lebih suka melaksanakan kerja kursus dalam kumpulan kerana ini dapat
mengurangkan beban (Adams, 2010).
PENGGUNAAN NAMA
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS DAN SENARAI RUJUKAN
Rujukan dalam teks hanya menggunakan nama akhir atau nama
keluarga (lastname/surname).
Contoh:
Nama Penuh Rujukan dalam teks Senarai Rujukan
Lee Leh Hong (2000) Lee (2000) atau (Lee,2000) Lee, L.H. (2000).
John W. Creswell (2005) Creswell (2005) atau (Creswell, 2005) Creswell, J.W. (2005).
Jimmy Choo Kim Beng (2009) Choo (2009) atau (Choo, 2009) Choo, J.K.B. (2009).
Susan Brookhart (2010) Brookhart (2010) atau (Brookhart, Brookhart, S. (2010).
2010)
PENGGUNAAN NAMA
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS DAN SENARAI RUJUKAN
Nama penulis yang tiada nama keluarga (surname/lastname) pula, nama penuh digunakan kerana
nama akhir ialah nama bapa, tetapi bin atau binti serta pangkat/darjat tidak perlu disertakan.
Namun begitu, penggunaan nama akhir juga boleh diterima (iaitu penggunaan nama bapa sahaja
SEKIRANYA PENULISAN UNTUK PENERBITAN PERINGKAT ANTARABANGSA) dalam APA.
Contoh
Nama Penuh Rujukan dalam teks Senarai Rujukan
Rajeswary a/p Muthusamy (2011) Rajeswary Muthusamy (2011), (Rajeswary Rajeswary Muthusamy. (2011).
Muthusamy, 2011)
Anita Binti Hj. Omar (2009)
Dr Syed Ismail bin Syed Mustapa (2018) Anita Omar (2009) atau (Anita Omar, 2009) Anita Omar. (2009).
Isa Bin Al-Khattab (2011) Syed Ismail Syed Mustapa (2018) atau (Syed Syed Ismail Syed Mustapa. (2018).
Ismail Syed Mustapa, 2018) Isa Al-Khattab. (2011).
Tun Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad (2018) Mahathir Mohamad. (2018).
Isa Al-Khattab (2011) atau (Isa Al-Khattab,
2011)
Mahathir Mohamad (2018) atau (Mahathir
Mohamad, 2018)
CONTOH
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS DAN SENARAI RUJUKAN
Single Author Rujukan dalam teks Senarai Rujukan (References)
Thomas J. Berndt
Berndt (2002) Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social development. Current Directions in
Two Author (Berndt, 2002) Psychological Science, 11, 7-10.
Duane Theodore Wegener and Petty (1994)
Wegener (Wegener & Petty, 1994) Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Mood management across affective states: The
Richard E. Petty hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034-
Kernis et al. (1993) 1048.
Three to 20 (Kernis et al., 1993)
Authors Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., White, A., Ganster, D. C., & Harlow, T.
Xu (2020) (1993). There's more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of
Hyphenated (Xu, 2020) stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65,1190-1204
Name
Abreu-Ferreira (2019) Xu, A.-J. (2015). Notes on monotonically metacompact generalized ordered spaces. Open
Ai-Jun Xu (Abreu-Ferreira, 2019) Mathematics, 13.
Hyphenated Abreu‐Ferreira, D. (2019). Women and the acquisition, transmission, and execution of
Surname public offices in early modern Portugal. Gender & History, 31(2), 383-403.
Darlene Abreu-Ferreira https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0424.12422
Author - Malay Asmah Omar (1991) Asmah Omar. (1991). Kemahiran berbahasa. Pustaka Antara
Names (Asmah Omar, 1991)
(without family
names)
CONTOH
RUJUKAN DALAM TEKS DAN SENARAI RUJUKAN
Rujukan dalam teks Senarai Rujukan (References)
Author - Chinese Chu (1995) Chu, C. N. (1995). Simulated counter-current adsorption processes: A comparison of
Names (Chu, 1995) modeling strategies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 56, 59-65.
Chu Chi Ning Foo (1983) Foo, V. H. K. (1983). Sarawak: Mini episodes of the past. Fajar Bakti.
(Foo, 1983)
Author - Chinese
Names with
English Names
Vincent Foo Hiap Khian Arul Ramasamy (2017) Arul Ramasamy. (2017). The medical management of military injuries, military injury
Ramasamy (2017) biomechanics the cause and prevention of impact injuries. CRC Press.
Author-Indian &
Sikh Names Ramasamy, A. (2017). The medical management of military injuries, military injury
(without surname biomechanics the cause and prevention of impact injuries. CRC Press.
/ family name)
The title of the work should Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Merriam-Webster.
Arul a/l Ramasamy appear before the year of
publication.
Author
Unavailable Merriam-Webster's collegiate
dictionary (1993)
Do not use ‘Anonymous’
UNLESS IT IS GIVEN
AS AUTHOR
FORMAT MENULIS
SENARAI RUJUKAN
PANDUAN MENULIS RUJUKAN
✓buku
✓terbitan berkala, artikel daripada jurnal, majalah /akhbar
(bercetak/online)
✓Bahan daripada organisasi, badan berkanun, swasta,
kerajaan,
✓Sumber atau bahan elektronik (ebook, emagazine, web page,
bahan audio visual)
✓Prosiding, kertas seminar/konferens, tesis,
1. Buku
Jenis Format Rujukan (References)
Buku Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst.
Title of work: Capital letter also for Penguin Books.
subtitle. Publisher.
Belcher, W. (2019). Writing your journal article in twelve weeks: A guide to academic
publishing success (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press
Leitch, M. G., & Rushton, C. J. (Eds.). (2019). A new companion to Malory. D. S.
Brewer.
Buku yang diedit Without author / authors. Kesharwani, P. (Ed.). (2020). Nanotechnology based approaches for tuberculosis
treatment. Academic Press.
Artikel atau Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year Austen, J. (2005). Mansfield Park (J. Wiltshire, Ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Chapter of publication). Title of chapter. In (Original work published 1814)
in an Edited Book A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title of
book (pages of chapter). Publisher. Armstrong, D. (2019). Malory and character. In M. G. Leitch & C. J. Rushton (Eds.), A
new companion to Malory (pp. 144-163). D. S. Brewer.
Note: List the pages of
the chapter or essay in after the book
title, use "pp." before the numbers: (pp.
1-21)
2. Terbitan Berkala (Artikel jurnal)
Format asas:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue
number), pages.
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Article in Journal Rush, M. A., Skora, J. I., Lawrence, J. H., & D'Aurora Richardson, L. (2019). Health care's new wilderness: The
Paginated by intersection of telehealth and ancillary services. Journal of Health Care Compliance, 21, 5-16.
Volume
Article in Journal Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of
Paginated by storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3),
Issue 207-217.
Article in Pachur, T., & Scheibehenne, B. (in press). Unpacking buyer-seller differences in valuation from experience: A
Journal, in press (belum cognitive modeling approach. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
diterbitkan)
2. Terbitan Berkala (Majalah / akhbar)
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Article in a Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.
Magazine
Author, F.M. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article Title. Newspaper Title, pp. xx-xx.
Article in a
Newspaper (print) Bowman, L. (1990, March 7). Bills Target Lake Erie Mussels. Pittsburgh Press, pp. A4
Article in a Ahmad Tajul Ansar Ibrahim. (2008, 3 Jun). Ancaman terbaru pengguna komputer Virus
Newspaper (online) Neraka. Harian Metro, ms. 1.
Author, F.M. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article Title. Newspaper Title. Newspaper
homepage URL
Kaplan, K. (2013, October 22). Flu shots may reduce risk of heart attacks, strokes and even death. Los
Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-xpm-2013-oct-22-la-sci-sn-flu-
shot-heart-attack-stroke-death-20131022-story.html
Balqis Jazimah Bahari (2021, 16 Februari). Pegawai polis dituduh terima rasuah. Berita Harian.
https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/kes/2021/02/786670/pegawai-polis-dituduh-terima-rasuah
3. Bahan daripada Organisasi kerajaan/swasta
Jenis Rujukan (References)
National Cancer Institute. (2018). Facing forward: Life after cancer treatment (NIH Publication No. 18- 2424). U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Health.
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patienteducation/life-after-treament.pdf
Dokumen daripada Office for Disability Issues. (2019). Disability action plan 2019-2023. New Zealand Ministry of Social Development.
organisasi kerajaan https://www.odi.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/ODIDisability-Action-Plan-2019-9-WEB-SINGLES.pdf
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. (2020, October 5). Annex 2a: Management of suspected case not required
admission. http://covid19.moh.gov.my/garispanduan/garispanduankkm/Annex_2a_Management_Suspected_Case_Not
_Admitted.pdf
Laporan Association of Ambulance Chief Executives & Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee. (2019). JRCALC
clinical guidelines 2019 pocket book.
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with eating disorders (2nd
ed.).
4. Sumber elektronik (Artikel jurnal elektronik)
Format asas:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue
number), pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.0000/0000
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Journal Article with a DOI Varalakshmi, R., & Arunachalam, K. (2020). Covid 2019 - role of faculty members to keep mental activeness of
students. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102091- 102091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102091
Journal article Ahmad Alif Kamal, Norhunaini Mohd Shaipullah, Liyana Truna, Muna Sabri, & Syahrul N Junaini. (2020).Transitioning
without a DOI from to online learning during Covid-19 pandemic: Case study of a Pre-University centre in Malaysia. International Journal
a website (non of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 11. https://philpapers.org/rec/KAMTTO-8
database URL)
De Vries, R., Nieuwenhuijze, M., Buitendijk, S. E., & Members of Midwifery Science Work Group. (2013). What does
Journal article with it take to have a strong and independent profession of midwifery? Lessons from the Netherlands. Midwifery, 29(10),
a DOI, combination 1122-1128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.007
of individual and
group authors
4. Sumber elektronik (eBook/eMagazine/web page)
Jenis Rujukan (References)
eBook Steed, J., & Stevenson, F. (2012). Sourcing ideas. AVA Publishing.
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true& db=nlebk&AN=441961&site=ehost-live
eMagazine
Georgiou, A. (2020, September 9). Supercharged hurricane season may be so intense we need a whole new
Webpage on a alphabet to name all the storms. Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/hurricane season-may-need-new-alphabet-
Website with an 1530713
Individual
Author/organisation Ellis, R. (2020, September 11). Dining out linked to increased Covid-19 risk. WebMD.
https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20200911/dining out-linked-to-increased-covid-19-risk
Webpage on a
Website with no World Health Organization. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
date https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel coronavirus
2019?gclid=Cj0KCQjwoJX8BRCZARIsAEWBFMKdXYCSRt6IENnNd4RZ0tgjoPvcaC1vv8j61WKEYME5esHOOVxEq
nkaAl4pEALw_wcB
National Alliance on Mental Illness. (n.d.). Depression. https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental Health-
Conditions/Depression
4. Sumber elektronik (Bahan Audio-visual)
Format asas:
Producer, P. P. (Producer), & Director, D.D. (Director). (Date of publication). Title of work [Description]. Production
company. URL
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Film/video Jackson, P. (Director). (2001). The lord of the rings: The fellowship of the ring [Film; four-disc special extended ed. On
TED Talk DVD]. WingNut Films; The Saul Zaentz Company.
Chapman, B., Hickner, S., & Wells, S. (Directors). (1998). The prince of Egypt [Film]. DreamWorks Pictures.
Giertz, S. (2018, April). Why you should make useless things [Video]. TED Conferences. TED talk from website
https://www.ted.com/talks/simone_giertz_why_you_should_make_useless_things
TED. (2012, March 16). Brene Brown: Listening to shame [Video]. YouTube. TED talk from Youtube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psN1DORYYVO
Webinar, Recorded Goldberg, J. F. (2018). Evaluating adverse drug effects [Webinar]. American Psychiatric Association.
https://education.psychiatry.org/Users/ProductDetails.aspx?ActivityID=6172
YouTube Video or Cutts, S. (2017, November 24). Happiness [Video]. Vimeo. https://vimeo.com/244405542 Individu/organisasi
Other Streaming yang muat naik video
Video University of Oxford. (2018, December 6). How do geckos walk on water? [Video]. YouTube. di tulis dalam rujukan
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qm1xGfOZJc8
Jones, P. [patrickJMT]. (2009, October 24). Easily memorize the unit circle [Video]. YouTube.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03McKEg9ASA (Jones, 2009, 1:15)
5. PROSIDING, KERTAS SEMINAR/KONFERENS/TESIS
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Published Hasmah Zanuddin, & Azizah Hamzah. (2007). International trade agreement of intellectual property rights (TRIPS),
Conference copyright issues & burden to enforce in Malaysia. In K.Y. Choi (Ed.), Korean studies in Southeast Asia: Strategic
Paper in Book cooperation and development in research and education: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of the
Form Korean Studies Association of Southeast Asia University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (pp. 121-138). Universiti Malaya.
Proceedings Gross, J., & Böhm, R. (2020). Voluntary restrictions on self-reliance increase cooperation and mitigate wealth
published inequality. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 202013744. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013744117
regularly online
Herculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., & Lent, R. (2008). The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences 105, 245-249. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805417105
Unpublished Ardieansyah & Zuliskandar Ramli. (2019, July 27-28). Stakeholders in Sumatra Senepis’s tiger conservation area
Conference management [Paper presentation]. Seminar Antarabangsa Arkeologi, Sejarah, Bahasa dan Budaya Di Alam Melayu
Paper (ASBAM), Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Nadaraja Kannan. (2006, November). The economic depression of the 1930s: Its impact on race relations in the
Federated Malay State [Paper presentation]. International Association of Historians of Asia Conference, Manila,
Philippines.
5. PROSIDING, KERTAS SEMINAR/KONFERENS/TESIS
Jenis Rujukan (References)
Poster Pearson, J. (2018, September 27-30). Fat talk and its effects on state-based body image in women [Poster
Presentation at a presentation]. Australian Psychological Society Congress, Sydney, NSW, Australia. http://bit.ly/2XGSThP
Conference
Cheah, W. Y. (2019). Microalgae cultivation in palm oil mill effluent for fuel feedstock production [Unpublished doctoral
Academic dissertation]. Universiti Malaya.
Exercise / Thesis
(Unpublished) Afrina Adlyna Mohamad Matrol (2019). Ontological plant data visualisation using network graphs [Unpublished master’s
thesis]. Universiti Malaya.
Master's Thesis / Richardson, D. D. (2019). Purloined subjects: Race, gender, and the legacies of colonial surveillance in the British
Doctoral Caribbean (Publication No. 27602842) [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Akron]. ProQuest Dissertations and
Dissertation from Theses Global.
a commercial
database Aini Hayati Abdul Rahim (2020). Surface roughness of cobalt chromium alloy fabricated with selective laser melting and
conventional techniques [Master’s thesis, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia]. University of Malaya Student Repository.
Master’s Thesis / http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/11521
Doctoral
Dissertation from
an institutional
database
(Digital Archives)
or Online)
RUJUKAN
• https://umlib.um.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/1616/46/APA-Style-7th-Edition.pdf
• https://sfcollege.libguides.com/apa/media
• https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/apa/7transition/comparison
• https://www.bibguru.com/blog/apa6-vs-apa7/ for comparistions
• https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/apa/7transition/comparison
• Massey university https://owll.massey.ac.nz/referencing/apa-6th-vs-7th-edition.php
• Comparision of student paperslayouts
https://libguides.ecu.edu/c.php?g=982594&p=7612692
• https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/apa-seventh-edition-changes/
• I like this video https://youtu.be/zeSIXD6y3WQ
Dr. LEE LEH HONG
PEJ: 03 9131 8160
H/P: 012-2048891
[email protected]
SEKIAN
TERIMA KASIH
SESI SOAL JAWAB