SCIENCE FORM 4: BODY COORDINATION

FORM 4

CHAPTER 7:
BODY COORDINATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 BODY 0 9 7.2 DISRUPTIONS
COORDINATION TO BODY
COORDINATION
02 7.1 HUMAN
ENDOCRINE 1 2 7.3 HEALTHY
SYSTEM MIND

1 5 SUMMATIVE
EXERCISE

PREPARED BY:

ANANEDSRA BINTI
MUAMAN (012020022112)

CHIN YUE JUIN
(012019091216)

PUGENESWARY A/P
ADAVAN (012020071138)

BODY COORDINATION

In this chapter, we will learn about the
human endocrine system, disruptions to
body coordination, and also healthy mind.

Keywords:
Endocrine system
Hormonal imbalance
Disruptions of body
coordinations
Drugs and their effects.
Healthy mind

1

7.1 HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM is one of the systems in
the human body that coordinates body
functions that involve chemical substances.

Functions:
regulates long-term processes
Growth
Development
Reproduction

Endocrine system act as a messenger to the
whole body by hormones which is a chemical
messenger to relay information and instructions
between cells. These hormones are secreted by
special glands known as endocrine glands.
These glands are ductless glands because the
hormone is not carried by a duct but secreted
into the blood circulatory system to be carried
out to the rest of the body. Different types of
hormones targeted different types of organs
and one hormone can have more than one
target organ that will respond to the hormone.

2

Figure 7.1 shows the main endocrine system and their
position in the body.

Figure 7.1.1 shows the way of action of hormone
coordination.

3

UNDERSTANDING: rtechaHeceneloldpasrptmwoopriorlr.lntoioepsnssruliayaertaeetchsttaaipvtreaghcteiaeftvi ce
The endocrine
system secretes
hormones
directly to the
bloodstream.

Figure 7.1.2 shows types of hormones released
by different types of glands, their target organs
and the functions of each hormones.

4

WHAT HAPPEN WHEN WE ENCOUNTER ANY

DANGEROUS SITUATION?

FIGHT or

Fight or Flight FLIGHT
response is a response?

survival

mechanism that The hormonal

enables us to changes and
response quickly physiological
when our life is responses that occur
in danger. in our body help us to
decide to run away

The endocrine system from the threat or
will secrete the adrenaline fight agianst the
hormone that cause an threat

increase in: EFFECTS:
heartbeat The heart pumps more
rate of breathing blood to provide more
blood pressure oxygen and glucose to
blood glucose-level muscle.
rate of meatbolism The muscles obtain more

energy.

More stored glycogen in

converted into glucose.

5

HORMONAL IMBALANCE

Over secretion or under secretion of the hormone by
the endocrine glands can cause hormonal imbalance
that leads to diseases.

THYROXINE HORMONE
Deficiency:

Low rate of metabolism.
Cretinism (in children)
Mycedema (in adult)
Low tolerance to cold.
Goitre
Excessive:
High rate of metabolism.
Sweating & always feeling hot.
Thyroid glands enlargement,
swollen neck & protruding
eyeballs.

T eE Sf iTcOi eSnTcEyR: O N E HORMONE
D

Delay in reaching
puberty.
Low
E x cessi spe r m count
ve:
Male ch
women ar a c te r ist i c s in

6

HORMONAL IMBALANCE

OESTROGEN HORMONE
Deficiency:
PROGESTERONE HORMONE
Deficiency: development of fe ma l e
secondary sexual
menstrual problems characteristic to be
disrupted.
headache Excessive:
constipation
miscarriage Female characteristic in
men
Excessive:
Drowsiness
Feelingsluggish

ADH HORMONE
Deficiency:

poor reabsorption of
water in the kidney.
excessive production of
urine.
excessive thirst
Diabetes insipidus
Excessive:
Headache
Dizziness

7

HORMONAL IMBALANCE GIGANTISM

GROWTH HORMONE
Deficiency:

Dwarfism

Excessive:
Uncontrolled growth
Gigantism

DWARFISM

THINK ABOUT IT:

What are some factors
that can cause hormonal
imbalance in our body?

8

7.2 Disruptions Body Coordination

Body coordination can be disrupted by
various factors, for example is
uncontrolled consumptions of drugs.
Drugs may affect the neuron duntion such
as transmission of impulse to neurton will
be delay.

Type of drugs
Drugs also have good effect for human
body depend on the amount using. For
example, drugs do used to treat disease,
but need to take under the a doctor's
supervision or suggestion.

9

Type of Drugs and Effects

Depressant Stimulant
To prevent or slower the Increse speeds in impulse
impulse transmission in transmission.
body coordination. Feel confident and alert to
User will experiene sleepy environment.
and anxious reduced. Exp: Amphetamine and
Exp: barbiturates and Methamphetamine.
alcohol.

Inhalant Hallucinogen
Chemical substances that May change the path of
inhaled through breathing. impluses in brain.
Causes hallucination and Muscle coordination will be
might damange the brain, affected, causes hearing
lungs and kidneys. imaginary voice or seeing
Exp: solvent or gas imaginary objects.
substances. Exp: Ketamine, LSD.

10

Effents of Drug/Alcohol Abuse on

Body Coordination

Hormonal imbalance
Body cordination will be disrupted. The body will be in danger when
the body have no development if damage to the pituitary gland
happens. For example, the secondary sexual development will be
stunded if the oestrogen and testostrone hormones fail to function
normally.
symptoms can be see trhough physical and mental changes of
individual such as weight loss, depression, excessive height and size.

Unclear speech
Give negative effect on the parts of cerebrum in the brain.

Slow reflex action
chemical sybstances in drugs or alcohol will shlow doen the

response of nervous system. Hence, the impulse transmission will
be blocked and slow down the process of impulse tranmission.

Loss of balance
Muscle coordination will be weak and resul in staggering and loss
of balance.

Mental & Physical health problem
most organ of human body will be damaged when excessice

comsumption of alcoholic, such as liver damage, stomach ulcer,
violent behaviour, weak immune system, brain damage etc.

Can you see the difference between a healthy liver and liver cirrhosis?

11

7.3 Healthy Mind
Characteristics of a healthy mind

Can think and Able to detect Can recall past
make stimulus and events that are
sad or happy
judgements respond
accordingly

Dare to accept Able to Responsible
the differentiate and able to
between right
challenges and wrong reason

Leave in peace Free from Open- minded
and have a prejudice and not

positive on life emotional

12

FACTOR 1 FACTOR 2

Excessive Hormonal
consumption of imbalance during
alcoholic drinks. menstruation,
premenstrual
syndrome and
post- menopause.

FACTOR 6 FACTOR 3
Injury to the part FACTORS THAT
of the brain as a Mental stress
result of INFLUENCE

microorganism/ THE MENTAL
pathogen infection,
accident, or tumor. HEALTH

FACTOR 5 FACTOR 4

Drug abuse Aging

13

Importance of having a healthy mind

Think positive. FAMILY Can build a happy
Practice religious and family.
moral values. Make wise decisions.
Practice a healthy Become a role model
lifestyle. in the family.
Generate the
economy of the PLACE OF
country. WORK

COUNTRY

Learn to handle SOCIETY Forge a good relationship
constructive critisms. between employees and
Can play a role as a employers.
friend to exchange Forge a good relationship
ideas. among colleagues.
Help people in need. Produce quality work.
Be disciplined.

14

PUZZLE TIME!
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