Sentence Pattern Project 6

PROGRAM INTERVENSI TAMBAH OPSYEN(PITO)

PITO TESL Batu Pahat/Kluang 2020

V.NITTIYA D/O R.VEERASINGAM
841009-02-5930

Sentence Pattern

Definition…

Sentence pattern refers to the This denotes how, when and
grammatical structure of where the use of prefixes is
applicable. With the use of
English that describe how the these patterns you will be able
nature of speech should be. to recognize the necessity of

punctuation in English.

Conti……

There are five e.g. Subject Verb Object Complement Adverbial
important (S) (V) (O) (C) (A)

components in a
sentence.

SUBJECT (S) :

Definition :-
• To get “S” ask the question “Who?” before the verb.

e.g. Anita read (Here “Anita” - Subject)
 The child broke the glass (Here “The child” -

Subject)
• Subject (S) consists of nouns or pronouns occurs

before a verb

Verb (V) :

Definition :
 In every sentence the most important word is the

verb. A verb shows action or activity or work done.
e.g. He is a doctor (“Be” form verb)
Jems wrote a letter (Main verb)
The baby is crying (auxiliary verb + Main verb)

Verb (V) consists of:

(a)Auxiliaries

e.g. am, is, are ,was, Modals : Semi-modals / Quasi
were has, have, had Modals :
can, could; will, would;
does, do, did shall, should; may, dare to; need to; used
might ; must to; ought to

Verb (V) consists of:

(b) Finite verbs denote action- Verbs occur Verbs occur
e.g. talk, sing, after the before the
write, make, subject
dance, play, object
cook, leave,
teach, sleep

OBJECT (O) :

Definition :
 To get the object “O” ask the question “What” or “Whom”.

 “What” is for things and “Whom” is for persons. Persons may
be nouns or pronouns.
e.g. :-
 bought a pen (a pen = Object)
 He handles the computer (computer = Object)
 I saw him (him = Object)

OBJECT (O) :-

consists of nouns or noun phrases or noun

Clauses (b) IO (indirect e.g. S V IO
object) (whom) DO I
(a) Do (direct gave Rosy a pen
object) . answers the
e.g. S V O (what) question
• answers the I likes animals “whom”
question “what”

COMPLEMENT (C) :

Definition :

 The words required to complete the meaning of a
sentence are called Complement of the sentence.

 e.g. S V C
 He is a dentist
 She became a journalist
 It grew dark

COMPLEMENT (C) :

Complement (C) - from the word ‘complete’

• completes the meaning in the sentence
• without it the, meaning is incomplete
• without it the, meaning changes
• occurs in two pattern

(i) S V C pattern

(ii) S V O C pattern

COMPLEMENT (C) :

In S V C tells about the without C, the
pattern, the subject sentence is
complement C
incomplete or
the sentence
changes its

meaning

complements without it the, use to be
the subjects meaning forms, grew,
changes
became,
seems for

verb

COMPLEMENT (C) : (i) SVC Pattern

e.g. SV C

• They are players
• She was angry
• It seems absurd

COMPLEMENT (C) : (i) SVOC Pattern

the complement tells about the object
the complement and object are of the

same person or thing

e.g. S V O C
They called David a genius

I found her crying
They elected Michale leader

Types of Complement

1. Subject Definition : e.g.
Complement She is a doctor
The complement She looks sad
which expresses

the quality or
identity or

condition of the
subject is called

Subject
Complement.

Types of Complement

2. Object Definition : e.g. :-
Complement
The complement They made her
which expresses angry.

the quality or She called him a
identity or liar.

condition of an
object is called

Object
Complement.

Adjunct or Adverbial

Definition : To get “A” ask the question why, when, where or how.

The use of adverbial is optional whereas complement is essential. It has
adverb phrase, adverbial clause, noun-phrase and prepositional phrase.

e.g. a) Why? (reason)
due to cold, through floods

b)When? (Time)
now, later, after 2 years

c) Where? (Place)
here, there, every where

Adjunct or Adverbial

• Adjunct - A - answers the questions where? when? how?
why?
 without A, any change in the meaning of the sentence
 Examples of Adjuncts in sentences

 e.g.

SV A

She comes every day

Siti sit here

SV (Subject -Verb)

Definition

e.g. Subject verb agreement Subjects and verbs must AGREE with
means that the subject and the one another in number (singular or
verb must agree in case and in plural). Thus, if a subject is singular,

number its verb must also be singular; if
a subject is plural, its verb must also
be plural. verbs REMOVE an s from

the singular form.

SV (Subject -Verb)

S+V
They live in Memphis.

subject: They
verb: live

SV (Subject -Verb) S + V

Subject Verb
Anila kicked
is drilling
my mother laughed
the girl went
Li Wei

SVO (Subject-Verb-Object)

Definition Subject + Verb + Object

In linguistic typology, combine to make basic
subject–verb–object is a English sentences..
sentence structure where
the subject comes first, the

verb second, and the
object third. Languages
may be classified according
to the dominant sequence

of these elements in
unmarked sentences.

(Wikipedia)

SVO (Subject-Verb-Object)

S+V+O
She sings a song

subject: They
verb: live

object: a song

SVO (Subject-Verb-Object)

Subject Verb Object
Anila kicked the ball
my mother is drilling a hole
the girl laughed
Li Wei went it
it

SVC
(Subject-Verb-Compliment)

Definition

Instead of The complement may be
an object the verb is a noun or an adjective, so there
followed by something
called a complement. are two types of S-V-
C sentences: S-V-C(noun)
and S-V-C(adj). In either case,
the complement describes

the subject.

SVC (Subject-Verb-Compliment)

S+V+O
Dawn seems happy

subject: Dawn
verb: seems

compliment: happy

SVC (Subject-Verb-Compliment)

Subject Verb Compliment
The class became noisy
mad
Brian went an ant
The witch changed into sad
My mother
appeared

SVOO (Subject-Verb-Indirect
Object-Direct Object)

Definition

When two Objects are included in a clause
a distinction is made between the direct
object (Od) and the indirect object (Oi).

The direct object is the thing or person
undergoing an action, being talked about,
and so on, and the indirect object is the
person who is the recipient or beneficiary
of the action.

SVOO (Subject-Verb-Indirect Object-
Direct Object)

S+V+O+O
Anna gave her mother a beautiful
card

subject: Anna
verb: gave

indirect object: her mother
direct object: a beautiful card

SVOO (Subject-Verb-Indirect Object-
Direct Object)

Subject Verb Indirect Object Direct Object

Graham sent Margaret his love
Alex sent Ryan his regards

the twins shipped their friends the carved clock
Sheila
tossed Amerjit my shuttlecock

SVOA (Subject-Verb-Object-
Adverbial)

Definition

An adverb phrase is simply a group of two or more words
that function as an adverb in a sentence.

Just as an adverb can modify a verb, adjective or
another adverb, an adverb phrase of more than one
word can further describe a verb, adverb, or adjective.

Adverb phrases typically answer the questions how, where,
why or when something was done.

SVOA (Subject-Verb-Object-
Adverbial)

S+V+O+A
The boy kicks the ball with force

subject: The boy
verb: kicks

indirect object: the ball
direct object: with force

SVOA (Subject-Verb-Object-
Adverbial)

Subject Verb Object Adverbial

She made a new dress yesterday
The kidnapper locked the child in a lonely
threw the chair
He invited the guests house
She out

to get in

SVOC (Subject-Verb-Object-
Compliment)

Definition After some verbs an object alone
does not make complete sense.
In this pattern, the direct
object is followed by a group In addition to the object, we
of words that completes the need another word to complete
the meaning. The word thus used
object’s meaning by to complete the meaning of the
renaming or describing it. object is called its complement.

SVOC (Subject-Verb-Object-
Compliment)

S+V+O+C
They made him captain

subject: They
verb: made

object: him
compliment: captain

SVOC (Subject-Verb-Object-
Compliment)

Subject Verb Object Compliment

She recognized him as a genius
He painted the wall white
She learnt music
He made his son last year
a doctor

Thank you…..