ii Must Know iii – x Chapter 1 Present Simple Tense 1 Chapter 2 Present Continuous Tense 5 Chapter 3 Past Simple Tense 12 Chapter 4 Past Simple: The Verb ‘to be’ (‘Was/Were’) and Modals (‘Could/Couldn’t’) 16 Chapter 5 Past Continuous Tense 20 Chapter 6 Adjectives and Comparisons 24 Chapter 7 Adverbs and Comparisons 30 Chapter 8 Past Continuous and Past Simple 34 Chapter 9 Countable and Uncountable Nouns 38 Chapter 10 Modals: ‘Will/Won’t’ and ‘Would Like/Wouldn’t Like’ 42 Chapter 11 Conditionals 46 Chapter 12 Prepositions 50 Chapter 13 Time Expression: ‘Will’ / ‘When’ + ‘Will’ 54 Chapter 14 Conjunctions and Connectors 59 Chapter 15 Present Perfect Tense 63 Chapter 16 Modals: ‘Should/Shouldn’t’ and ‘Must/Mustn’t’ 69 Chapter 17 Prefixes and Suffixes 74 Chapter 18 Present Perfect Simple + Adverbs (‘Just’/‘Already’/ ‘Still’/‘Yet’) 79 Chapter 19 Articles 84 Chapter 20 Indefinite Pronouns 89 Chapter 21 Present Perfect Continuous Tense 93 Chapter 22 Future Forms 97 Chapter 23 Active and Passive Voice 101 Chapter 24 Gerunds, Participles and Infinitives 106 Chapter 25 Affirmative and Negative Questions with Responses and Question Tags 112 Chapter 26 Phrases and Clauses 117 Chapter 27 Direct and Indirect Speech 124 Chapter 28 Phrasal Verbs and Adjective + Preposition Phrases 128 Chapter 29 Vocabulary 131 Summative Test 139 Answers 144 Contents
MUST KNOW Important Notes Present Simple Tense (Chapter 1) 1 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. Past Continuous Tense (Chapter 5) 9 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE PAST CONTINUOUS: Affirmative and Negative Affirmative Negative I was watering the plants. They were cleaning the park. I wasn’t watering the plants. They weren’t cleaning the park. PAST CONTINUOUS: Questions and Answers Question Answer Was Amy cycling too fast? Were the boys helping them? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. Present Continuous Tense (Chapter 2) 3 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. a. Used to talk about future actions and events that have already been planned or decided The trainees are going to carry out their exercise at the beach. b. Mainly used to talk about personal arrangements and fixed plans Janet is going to work in Japan. c. Used to talk about events that is outside people’s control It is going to be a long wet season. d. Used when we say what we have planned and arranged to do at a specific time in the future The elderly couple is going to buy a condominium after selling the house. e. Used to make predictions that are based on present evidence Many employees are going to lose jobs. Usage Example a. To show a habitual action b. To express a fact or truth c. To express feelings and senses d. To show future action e. To give instructions or orders f. To make a statement Cindy always walks to school. Penang Hill is a popular spot. I feel rather angry. The project starts next week. Walk in single file. The girls love to dance. PRESENT SIMPLE: Affirmative and Negative Affirmative (positive) a. Agree b. Consent to a request c. Express something Yes, you are right. We can help you. The players are well prepared. Negative a. Disagree b. Refuse c. Express inability No, you are wrong. We can’t help you. No one is able to drive. 7 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. Past Simple: The Verb ‘to be’ (‘Was/Were’) and Modals (‘Could/Couldn’t’) (Chapter 4) PAST SIMPLE: Questions and Answers Question Answer Was I clever in my argument? Weren’t we rather too hasty? Could the girls dance well? Couldn’t the boys sing? Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t. Yes, we were. / No, we weren’t. Yes, they could. / No, they couldn’t. Yes, they could. / No, they couldn’t. Note: The contractions are often used in the negative. E.g. was – wasn’t were – weren’t could not – couldn’t Adjectives and Comparisons (Chapter 6) 11 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. Type Usage Example d. Possessive adjectives To show possession, e.g. ‘his’, ‘our’, ‘your’, ‘its’, ‘my’, ‘her’, ‘their’ my dog, her purse, their house f. Interrogative adjectives To ask questions, e.g. ‘which’, ‘what’, ‘whose’, etc. Which car…, Whose book…, What time… g. Distributive adjectives To refer to an individual, e.g. ‘each’, ‘every’ Every visitor..., Each student… 5 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. Past Simple: The Verb ‘to be’ (‘Was/Were’) and Modals (‘Could/Couldn’t’) (Chapter 4) PAST SIMPLE: ‘WAS/WERE’; ‘COULD/COULDN’T’ 1. THE VERB ‘TO BE’: ‘WAS/WERE’ a. Used to show job, nationality or identity Ms Ang was a doctor then. Before, Jim was a Malaysian. b. To show an action or event in the past The seminar was held yesterday. The election was held last week. 2. MODALS: ‘COULD/COULDN’T’ a. Used to express ability Jim could read at the age of two. b. To express inability Eric couldn’t walk until he was three. PRESENT CONTINUOUS: ‘To Be’ + ‘Going To’ + Infinitive ADJECTIVE (Continued)
MUST KNOW Important Notes Present Continuous Tense (Chapter 2) 2 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Past Simple Tense (Chapter 3) 4 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. PAST SIMPLE TENSE Usage Example a. To show a past action I talked to Molly an hour ago. b. To show a habitual past action We often went to the library then. c. To express an unlikely event when used with ‘if’ or ‘wish’ I wish I were the police officer. d. To make polite requests. It is used with ‘wonder’ and ‘hope’. I wonder if you could help the poor. Type Usage Example a. Descriptive adjectives To show colour, size, shape, etc. red roses, blue sky, big house, tall tree, sharp knife, heavy box b. Quantitative adjectives To show quantity many boxes, two birds c. Qualitative adjectives To show quality a good gadget, a happy family d. Demonstrative adjectives To indicate something or location that building, those houses, these eggs, those bags Adjectives and Comparisons (Chapter 6) 12 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. ADJECTIVE: Comparisons Usage Example a. Positive Form • Used to compare two equal nouns. Often used with ‘as…as’. Don walks as fast as Dave. Lian is as clever as Laura. b. Comparative Form • Used to compare two unequal nouns. Usually formed by adding ‘-er’. You are smarter than us. c. Superlative Form • Used to compare three or more unequal nouns. Usually formed by adding ‘-est’. Dan is the tallest boy in his class. Usage Example a. To show an action that is happening now The sun is shining brightly. b. To show an action that is often repeated Dora is always talking about her car. c. To express a future action which has been planned Kate is leaving for London next week. d. To show an action happening about this time but may not be at the moment of conversation June is attending a seminar in Tokyo. Adjectives and Comparisons (Chapter 6) 10 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. ADJECTIVES 6 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. Past Simple: The Verb ‘to be’ (‘Was/Were’) and Modals (‘Could/Couldn’t’) (Chapter 4) Affirmative Example a. Agree to a statement b. Express something positive It was indeed a great job. Charles was optimistic of the outcome. Negative Example a. Disagree b. Express something negative You weren’t right to walk off. The girls weren’t good at acting. PAST SIMPLE: Affirmative and Negative Past Continuous Tense (Chapter 5) 8 © Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE a. To describe an action happening at a specific time in the past Abu was driving at that time. Ms Lim was singing a while ago. b. To express a past habitual action with adverbs like ‘always’ and ‘often’ Jim was always boasting about his drone. The boys were often debating with each other. c. To show a gradual happening The kite was flying higher and higher. d. To show an action that was happening when another action took place The children were cycling when the rain came. e. To show that something continued for some time The guests were joking with one another.
1 NOTES Chapter 1 Present Simple Tense 1. The present simple tense is used: Usage Example a. To show a habitual action, usually used with ‘often’, ‘always’, ‘daily’, ‘sometimes’, etc. i. Linda goes to church every Sunday. ii. Mr Eu always waters the plants. b. To express a fact i. Ipoh is the capital of Perak. ii. Mr Andrew is our teacher. c. To express a truth i. The sun sets in the west. ii. Tigers are carnivorous. d. To express feelings and senses i. I feel rather warm. ii. Bosco often feels uneasy with us. e. To show a future action that is part of a plan i. The new semester starts next week. ii. The coach leaves in ten minutes. f. To give instructions or orders i. Watch out for stray dogs. ii. Don’t make too much noise here. g. To declare something or make observations i. Ramli seems to be happy today. ii. The boys love to swim. 2. Present simple tense – affirmative and negative Type and Usage Example Affirmative is used: a. To agree to a statement b. To consent to a request c. To express something positive or a fact i. Yes, the boys are helpful. ii. Don’t worry, I can give you a lift. iii. The participants are ready. iv. The earth is a planet. Negative is used: a. To disagree to a statement b. To refuse c. To express inability i. No, there isn’t anyone generous enough. ii. I can’t reveal the secret to anyone. iii. They are not able to drive. 3. Present simple tense – questions and answers Question Answer i. Do you/we/they like durians? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. ii. Does he/she/it like durians? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t.
2 Note Singular Verb Plural Verb Subject-verb agreement: The verb can be singular or plural, depending on the subject. (‘I’ is always followed by a plural verb.) i. He/She/It plays happily. i. You/We/They play happily. ii. The girl sings well. ii. The girls sing well. iii. The man speaks fluently. iii. The men speak fluently. iv. I play happily. Note Example Answer (Negative) Contractions can be used for answers in the negative. i. do ii. does not don’t doesn’t No, I do not. No, she does not. No, I don’t. No, she doesn’t. EXERCISE A Choose the best option. 1. The octogenarian fit by doing daily exercise. A is keeping C has kept B keeping D keeps 2. I the village well as I have grown up there. A know B am knowing C have known D have been knowing 3. Either you or I to report for duty. A is C has B am D are 4. The mountaineers to reach the summit by noon. A have been expecting B have expecting C expect D expecting 5. The picnickers to catch some fish for dinner. A hoping C have hoped B hope D have been hoped MASTERY PRACTICE 6. I very well that many will volunteer for the charitable project. A know B have been knowing C have known D am known 7. Dave and Sam in the same company and they travel together. A are working B have worked C work D works 8. We firmly that more and more people will do recycling. A belief B believe C have believed D are believing 9. Dad often a nap in the afternoon. A is taking B has taken C has been taking D takes
3 10. Be early. The bus in ten minutes. A arrives B has been arriving C is arriving D has arrived 11. Here the guests. Let’s give them a warm welcome. A comes B are coming C come D have come 12. My parents traditional music while I like modern music. A have enjoyed B enjoy C are enjoying D have been enjoying 13. I tea to coffee. What about you? A have preferred B am preferring C prefer D have been preferring 14. I am sorry. There enough food to go round. A is B hasn’t C has D isn’t 15. The assistant principal make any decision yet. A can B can’t C cannot to D can be EXERCISE B Fill in the blanks with the correct simple present tense. 1. Insects (have) three pairs of legs. 2. It is true that practice (make) perfect. 3. My parents often (go) for a walk in the park. 4. Jessie (attend) yoga class every Saturday. 5. The environment here (to be) conducive to learning. 6. The supervisor (check) on the workers twice a day. 7. My grandparents (take) health supplements every day. 8. Villagers on the east coast often (experience) floods at the end of the year. 9. My friends and I often (chat) online whenever free. 10. I (assure) you that the children will enjoy water sports very much. 11. Once a while Jothi (go) to the club to play snooker. 12. Rohani (take) Art lessons on Sunday. 13. The beggar always (come) to our housing estate. 14. Our grandmother who is in her sixties often (visit) us. 15. Johan always (go) to the library whenever he is free.
SOS TIPS4 EXERCISE C Provide the answer in the affirmative. 1. Do the flies still come to the house? 2. Does Ms Ooi still walk to market every day? 3. Can I get a lift from you? 4. Are the participants ready for the contest? 5. Are you better now? EXERCISE D Provide the answer with a ‘No’. 1. Are your neighbours friendly and helpful? 2. Are you able to drive the SUV? 3. Is everyone happy with the food? 4. Do the stubborn youth still vandalise the playground? 5. Does the dog make a lot of noise at night? Verbs used in the affirmative and the negative: Affirmative Negative is/are isn’t/aren’t does/do doesn’t/don’t can can’t Except: Everyone is sad, aren’t they? No one is able, are they?
50 NOTES 1. Prepositions are usually used after a verb and before a noun or a pronoun. Verb Preposition Noun/Pronoun We are heading towards the museum. Peter will seek help from us. Mabel will be flying to Japan. 2. Prepositions are used: Usage Example a. To show position or location Examples: against, around, across, between, opposite, above, underneath, on, in i. The restaurant is located between two shops. ii. The cafeteria is opposite a five-star hotel. iii. The tin rolled across the road noisily. iv. The athletes are running against the wind. b. To show direction Examples: off, along, into, towards, to, away i. The driver dropped his keys into the drain. ii. The footballers ran towards the goal-mouth. iii. The car was cruising along the avenue. c. To show time Examples: before, after, during, at, within, until, since, for i. We waited until the last bus came. ii. Many of us dozed off during the talk. d. To show purpose Examples: so that, in order to i. We came early so that we could get a good seat. ii. Wilson called in order to make reservations. e. To show manner Examples: with, in i. The lady was obviously in great distress. ii. We laughed in amusement at the child’s antics. f. To show similarity Examples: like, as, similar to i. Anita likes to dress as a doctor. ii. Yusree’s drawing is similar to Cheng Seng’s. g. To show the ‘agent’ Example: by The cake was baked by our grandmother. h. To show accompaniment Example: with Rosa went to the hospital with her mother. Chapter 12 Prepositions
51 EXERCISE A Circle the correct answer. 1. After the exhibition, we were just time to catch the last bus home. A on C by B at D in 2. Tourists seemed to enjoy staying at the chalets the park. A at C in B on D for 3. The scouts have been practising march-past this morning. A since C while B in D until 4. Being punctual, Mr Lim is always time for any function. A after C in B on D before 5. You should paint the picture a brush. A by C with B to D between 6. As members, we should abide the rules of the club. A against C for B by D with 7. The cat suddenly sprang the bird. A at C by B for D upon 8. On the way to the seaside, we bumped our teacher. A across C into B at D over 9. We wish to congratulate you your success. A on C for B with D over 10. The little girl has put a great performance at the concert. A on C over B up D with 11. It is rude raise your voice in the presence of guests. A by C for B at D to 12. You must work according the instructions given. A to C at B with D on 13. First the tourists travelled by bus. Then they went foot. A by C with B on D for 14. Don seemed to be very popular his colleagues. A along C by B on D among 15. Divide the food equally the two of them. A among B for C between D with 16. Sid did not go to school yesterday as he was with influenza. A down B in C up D on 17. Alice seemed to be a spell after coming back from the village. A at B by C on D under MASTERY PRACTICE
SOS TIPS52 18. Mr Wong is angry us for making too much noise. A at B with C for D against 19. We are fond talking to our grandfather whenever we are free. A at B with C of D on 20. Margaret is keen joining us for the trip to Guangzhou. A in B with C over D on 21. Kate is very interested reading novels. A in B with C at D on 22. You are reminded not to go the boundary. A on B beyond C within D beside 23. There is a gangway the two rows of chairs. A at B with C between D at 24. The child was standing her mother all the time. A beside B at C on D for 25. Mrs Lim listened interest Jenny’s story. A in, to B with, in C in, with D with, to 26. I prefer tea coffee especially a meal. A to, after B than, after C over, after D for, during 27. Rafael is not afraid playing his older friends. A to, with B of, with C in, for D at, with 28. He is rowing the boat the strong current the island. A along, to B with, to C against, towards D over, along 29. The girl spoke confidence when answering the questions posed the reporters. A in, by B on, from C over, from D with, by 30. Jaden was cycling a narrow path when he came a dead snake. A at, over B on, over C on, with D along, across Difference between ‘on time’ and ‘in time’: • ‘on time’ means at the correct time or arranged time. It also shows that we are punctual. E.g.: Shanti was on time for the meeting. • ‘in time’ means before it is too late. E.g.: The tourists were in time for the bus.
53 EXERCISE B Fill in each of the blanks with the correct preposition. 1. One of the commuters lost his purse the journey to Singapore. 2. The tired baby slept the show, oblivious to the noise. 3. The dog dashed the busy road, causing motorists to jam their brakes. 4. The authorities will look the matter the soonest possible. 5. The workers have been repairing the road this morning. 6. Don’t lean the wall as the paint is still wet. 7. The taxi is sandwiched a bus and a trailer. 8. The new treasurer is noted her efficiency. 9. The child is proud himself because he is not afraid the dark. 10. Steven is popular his friends because he is good singing. 11. The woman seemed to be great shock the accident. 12. The child had to squeeze the crowd reach her mother. 13. A trailer was right in front the long line traffic. 14. Some of the travellers dozed the journey to the island. 15. The orphans are well looked their grandmother. EXERCISE C Read the following passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions. Pak Long’s monkey has been trained (1) work and play. It is skilful (2) plucking coconuts and it knows the difference (3) the ripe ones and the young ones. (4) the command ‘naik’, it climbs up the coconut tree (5) a jiffy. Pak Long has been depending (6) the monkey (7) earn a living (8) the past few years. Any villager who wants coconuts to be plucked will ask (9) the service of the monkey and Pak Long will charge a sum based (10) the number of nuts plucked. Pak Long said that he trained the monkey when it was three years old. It learnt fast and acquired the skill (11) plucking the right type of coconuts (12) a month. In a day, it can climb about 100 coconut trees (13) harvest the fruit. After a hard day’s work, it is rewarded (14) food which includes raw eggs. The monkey has indeed become indispensable (15) Pak Long.
131 NOTES 29.1 Problem words The following underlined words are often wrongly used. Study the correct usage (in bold) on the right. Wrong Usage (7) Correct Usage (3) 1. We discussed about our wedding plans. 2. Rusdi hasn’t returned back the keys. 3. Please repeat again what you said. 4. Alice enjoyed at the beach. 5. I can’t cope up with the work. 6. They reached at the stadium at 9.00 a.m. 7. We’re looking forward to see you. 8. Aini apologised me for coming late. 9. Ronnie prefers tea than coffee. 10. The fire was put off within minutes. 11. May I lend your pen, please? 12. The list comprises of many items. 13. Although rich, but he is not happy. 14. Do consider about our proposal 15. Azlan works more faster than you. 16. The tired hikers laid down on the grass. 17. This road connects together the villages. 18. We debated about the project for hours. 19. She hasn’t replied my letter yet. 20. He sends his children to school daily. 1. We discussed our wedding plans. 2. Rusdi hasn’t returned the keys. 3. Please repeat what you said. 4. Alice enjoyed herself at the beach. 5. I can’t cope with the work. 6. They reached the stadium at 9.00 a.m. 7. We’re looking forward to seeing you. 8. Aini apologised to me for coming late. 9. Ronnie prefers tea to coffee. 10. The fire was put out within minutes. 11. May I borrow your pen, please? 12. The list comprises many items. 13. Although rich, he is not happy. 14. Do consider our proposal. 15. Azlan works faster than you. 16. The tired hikers lay down on the grass. 17. This road connects the villages. 18. We debated the project for hours. 19. She hasn’t replied to my letter yet. 20. He takes his children to school daily. 29.2 Words often misused Words Meaning/Part of speech Examples of correct usage affect effect verb noun Smoking affects one’s health. The medicine has no effect at all. its it’s adjective contraction for ‘it is’ Tommy chose this watch because of its quality. It’s rather late to do any shopping. interested interesting showing interest attractive No one seems to be interested in the Games Carnival. The speech is nothing interesting at all. excited exciting feeling excited causing excitement The excited crowd shouted in joy. The final of the soccer match was very exciting. stationary stationery still writing materials The car crashed into a stationary lorry. We bought some stationery at the book shop. practice practise noun verb Our swimmers need more practice. The gymnast practises three times a week. advice advise noun verb We ought to listen to our parents’ advice. Our teacher advises us to read widely. Chapter 29 Vocabulary
132 principle principal a rule head of school We respect Sam as he is a man of principle. The principal met the new students this morning. adapt adopt adjust take a child into the family Sally finds it easy to adapt to a new place. The childless couple intends to adopt an orphan. quiet quite tranquil fairly The elderly couple wants to have a quiet holiday. Sid has been doing quite well in his studies. lose loss verb noun Don’t lose your money in gambling. His business failed and he suffered a big loss. in time on time with just enough time being punctual They were just in time to catch the last bus. The officer is always on time for his duties. lend borrow to give temporarily to obtain temporarily I can lend you my book for a while. May I borrow your pen for a minute? bring take verb verb Please bring the keys here. Please take the keys there. dairy diary products of milk daily records of events Malaysia imports a lot of dairy products. Writing a diary is a good practice. everyday every day daily each day Walking is an everyday routine for the couple. Every day, devotees throng the temple. hanged hung killed suspended The depressed man hanged himself yesterday. The coat was hung in the cupboard. outdoor outdoors adjective adverb Most campers love outdoor life. We should exercise outdoors. EXERCISE A Circle the correct answers. 1. After washing, Tina the clothes outside. A hanging B hang C hanged D hung 2. The passing away of the footballer is a great to the nation. A loss B loose C lose D loses 3. The villagers were very to the visitors from a neighbouring country. A exciting B hospitable C delectable D enviable 4. Indiscriminate disposal of garbage has the pollution of the rivers. A deepened B aggravated C blocked D solved 5. The new gadget is highly recommended for its quality and . A durability B ability C visibility D possibility MASTERY PRACTICE
133 6. Feeling disgusted, the squatters decided to the developers. A contemplate B consider C condemn D confront 7. If you have a for what you do, you will be successful. A patent B patience C passion D potion 8. Their attempt to the peak was hampered by bad weather. A control B seek C sample D scale 9. The number of natives in the jungle has been dwindling because of the high rate. A morality C fertility B mortality D facility 10. When the stranded sailors saw a helicopter approaching, their spirit . A exploded B raged C soared D burned 11. Before applying for a particular job, ensure that you have the right for it. A aptitude B altitude C attitude D latitude 12. Being is a healthy sign for the growing children. A pessimistic B inquisitive C adjective D objective EXERCISE B Fill in the blanks with the correct words. 1. The haze problem has become so (acute / petite) that it received much publicity. 2. Poaching will threaten the very (resistance / existence) of the endangered species. 3. Domestic sewage and industrial (affluent / effluent) have polluted the rivers. 4. It is (preventive / imperative) to take stringent measures against criminals. 5. Setbacks and losses are part and (parcel / puzzle) of life. 6. We have been praying hard that the child will pull (through / over) the ordeal. 7. Seeing the thugs, we stood still (oozing / freezing) with fear. 8. The adventurous youth was (enthusiastic / realistic) when asked to join the expedition. 9. The stranded sailor managed to (warrant / summon) all his strength to swim to the shore. 10. The camel is a (hardy / peculiar) beast of burden in the desert. 11. It is (disheartened / disheartening) to note that the robbers have resorted to violence. 12. Nobody is (indelible / infallible). Therefore, we should forgive each other. 13. The book will help you gain an (inside / insight) into the life of a politician.
139 A. Questions 1–65 Circle the correct answers. 1. The retiree always some advice to the new employees. A give C gives B is giving D has given 2. How times have I told you not to be late? A plenty C much B lots of D many 3. Too much sugar bad for health. A is C does B are D has 4. The child slipped and rolled down a of steps. A series C row B flight D line 5. Most children like to listen to A story C stories B storys D story’s 6. There are some in Uncle Chee’s farm. A goose C geeses B gooses D geese 7. You must report to supervisor for duty now. A some C the B ( - ) D a 8. In moment, the jet disappeared in the distance. A a C some B the D an 9. The travellers have great in extreme weather conditions. A enduring C endurance B endure D endures 10. There won’t be at home to open the door for you. A someone C no one B anyone D somebody 11. Either you or I to man the counter now. A is C are B has D am 12. You and James required to help out. A are C is B do D have 13. Five thousand dollars enough for the whole course. A is C has B are D have 14. The visitor left about half hour ago. A a C the B an D ( - ) 15. It’s getting late. Shall we have dinner now? A a C (-) B the D some 16. Jaden is interested in taking up pharmacy in a local university. A the C a B some D (-) 17. The authorities have come up with stringent measures to curb inflation. A a C much B the D some 18. The tourists enjoyed minute of their stay in Malaysia. A a C every B several D one SUMMATIVE TEST SECTION 1 OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (75 marks)
143 SECTION 2 SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (25 marks) A. Questions 76–80 (10 marks) Rewrite the following sentences in the negative or affirmative forms. 76. The youth enjoyed themselves at the campfire. 77. Julie won't attend Lily's birthday party. 78. We should have taken part in the jogathon. 79. The lifestyle of the villagers has changed much. 80. The travellers haven't scaled the mountain yet. B. Questions 81–85 (10 marks) Write the affirmative short answers for the following questions. 81. Have you ever been to Genting Highlands? 82. Are they going to climb Mount Kinabalu next week? 83. Was it a pleasure to meet the celebrity? 84. Are you keeping well lately? 85. Is Ms Green your new English teacher? C. Questions 86–90 (5 marks) Fill in each blank with the correct answer to be chosen from the box below. could each here my shouldn't 86. The two of us try to work things out. 87. Your father's car is similiar to mother's. 88. A certificate will be given to participant. 89. We shall reassemble during recess. 90. The candidates chat during the examination.
144 Chapter 1 Exercise A 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B Exercise B 1. have 2. makes 3. go 4. attends 5. is 6. checks 7. take 8. experience 9. chat 10. assure 11. goes 12. takes 13. comes 14. visits 15. goes Exercise C 1. Yes, they do. 2. Yes, she does. 3. Yes, you can. 4. Yes, they are. 5. Yes, I am. Exercise D 1. No, they aren’t. 2. No, I am not. 3. No, they aren’t. 4. No, they don’t. 5. No, it doesn’t. Chapter 2 Exercise A 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C Exercise B 1. are leaving 9. is watching, are playing 2. is…talking 10. are crossing 3. is…losing 11. are sanitising 4. are going, is waiting 12. am painting 5. are coming 13. are staying 6. is raining 14. Yes, I am. 7. are trying 15. No, they aren’t. 8. is swimming Exercise C 1. exercises 2. are leaving, comes 3. wake 4. is frying 5. likes, is 6. am giving, has 7. is getting, decide 8. are…arguing, are 9. agree, is getting 10. Are…doing 11. am working 12. eat, are visiting 13. is doing, is watching 14. are working, appreciate 15. are listening, are singing Exercise D 1. Yes, I am. 2. Yes, they are. 3. Yes, we are. 4. Yes, they are. 5. Yes, he is. Exercise E 1. No, I am not. 2. No, they aren’t. 3. No, we aren’t. 4. No, they aren’t. 5. No, I am not. Chapter 3 Exercise A 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D Exercise B 1. confiscated 2. found 3. swept 4. slipped 5. screamed 6. watched 7. came 8. discontinued 9. joined 10. broke 11. would 12. could 13. were 14. studied 15. went Exercise C 1. Yes, it did. 2. Yes, I would. 3. Yes, I could. 4. Yes, she did. 5. Yes, I was. Exercise D 1. No, I didn’t. 2. No, I wasn’t. 3. No, they didn’t. 4. No, he didn’t. 5. No, they weren’t. Chapter 4 Exercise A 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D Exercise B 1. was 2. could 3. was 4. could 5. was 6. were 7. was 8. was 9. could 10. Couldn’t 11. Was 12. couldn’t 13. Weren’t 14. Couldn’t 15. could Exercise C 1. Yes, it was. 2. Yes, I was. 3. Yes, we were. 4. Yes, she could. 5. Yes, they could. Exercise D 1. No, they weren’t. 2. No, I wasn’t. 3. No, he wasn’t. 4. No, I couldn’t. 5. No, it couldn’t. Answers Chapters 1–4
146 11. [C] 12. [C] 13. [U] 14. [U] 15. [U] 16. [U] 17. [C] 18. [C] 19. [C] 20. [U] Exercise C 1. a few 2. a lot of 3. much 4. a few 5. a little 6. many 7. a lot of 8. much 9. a few 10. a little 11. many 12. much 13. a lot of 14. many 15. a lot of Exercise D 1. few 2. Many 3. some 4. a few 5. A number of 6. plenty 7. a few 8 a number 9. A 10. much 11. nothing 12. a Chapter 10 Exercise A 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D Exercise B 1. will 2. Won’t 3. wouldn’t 4. would like 5. will 6. will/would 7. would like 8. will 9. Will 10. will 11. will 12. would like 13. Will 14. Would 15. will 16. will 17. Won’t 18. wouldn’t 19. would like 20. won’t 21. would like 22. will 23. will 24. Will 25. will 26. would like 27. Would/Wouldn’t 28. Will/Would 29. won’t 30. will Chapter 11 Exercise A 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B Exercise B 1. would have lost 16. had known 2. will happen 17. would have helped 3. will leave 18. would have been 4. would be 19. will be 5. were 20. would come 6. will buy 21. would…have rejected 7. would have won 22. would have broken 8. comes 23. would have helped 9. will give 24. are 10. were 25. would have cried 11. would be 26. would have resigned 12. would notice 27. would have seen 13. would have 28. knew 14. would have painted 29. had been 15. fell 30. would have missed Chapter 12 Exercise A 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D Exercise B 1. during 2. throughout 3. across 4. into 5. since 6. against 7. between 8. for 9. of, of 10. among, at 11. in, after 12. through, to 13. of, of 14. off, during 15. after, by Exercise C 1. to 2. in 3. between 4. At 5. in 6. on 7. to 8. during 9. for 10. on 11. in 12. in 13. to 14. with 15. to Chapter 13 Exercise A 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A Exercise B 1. will be, will be 16. are, will do 2. will take, will be 17. has graduated, will work 3. shall study, make 18. is, will have 4. will take, is 19. will…be, need 5. will see, are 20. have, will have 6. will have, hurry 21. will start, have come 7. grow, will…do 22. have gone, will look 8. am, will sharpen 23. can, will come 9. is, will opt 24. are, will help 10. know, will celebrate 25. will be, is 11. will take 26. will donate, are staying 12. will release, make 27. will have, celebrate 13. reach, will…see 28. will mop, sweep 14. will attend, are 29. will put, comes 15. will live 30. stops, will…say Chapter 14 Exercise A 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D Chapters 10–14
150 8. Here comes the squash champion whose parents are her coaches. 9. That’s the lady whom we met at the lobby this morning. 10. Do you remember the date when we are supposed to go for an outing? Chapter 27 Exercise A 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A Exercise B 1. Ms Brown said she quite likes the warm weather in Malaysia. 2. Lucy said she was not feeling well then. 3. Rita prohibited the children from throwing rubbish there. 4. The clerk allowed us to see the manager then. 5. Mark asked if I had received the money. 6. Janet asked us to be patient as the results would be announced soon after. 7. Rosli’s father advised him to revise his lessons then. 8. Pn. Aishah asked Leela if she had taken in the clothes. 9. Mr Oon said they would go for an outing the next day. 10. Amy’s mother asked her to decide for herself. 11. Annie wondered where Rita had gone. 12. The health inspector asked how I could tolerate unhygienic eateries. 13. Marie asked why there was litter everywhere. 14. The headman asked if we were prepared to help the flood victims. 15. The organiser asked whether all of us could register for the marathon. Chapter 28 Exercise A 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C Exercise B 1. walked away 2. abide by 3. proud of 4. beware of 5. brush aside 6. bumped into 7. butt in 8. calm down 9. carry on 10. came to 11. allergic to 12. Unhappy with 13. afraid of 14. faithful to 15. Satisfied with Chapter 29 Exercise A 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B Exercise B 1. acute 2. existence 3. effluent 4. imperative 5. parcel 6. through 7. freezing 8. enthusiastic 9. summon 10. hardy 11. disheartening 12. infallible 13. insight Exercise C 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B Exercise D 1. arm 2. mark 3. horns 4. nook 5. stock 6. bounds 7. church mouse 8. hairpin 9. shave 10. storm 11. loggerheads 12. lamb 13. scrooge 14. shines 15. pan Summative Test Questions 1–75 (OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS) 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. A 61. C 62. D 63. C 64. B 65. D 66. C 67. D 68. B 69. A 70. D 71. A 72. D 73. A 74. B 75. A Questions 76–90 (SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS) Exercise A 76. The youth did not enjoy themselves at the campfire. 77. Julie will attend Lily's birthday party. 78. We shouldn't have taken part in the jogathon. 79. The lifestyle of the villagers hasn't changed much. 80. The travellers have scaled the mountain already. Exercise B 81. Yes, I have. 82. Yes, they are. 83. Yes, it was. 84. Yes, I am. 85. Yes, she is. Exercise C 86. could 87. my 88. each 89. here 90. shouldn't Chapter 27–Summative Test