CONTENTS Unit Topic National Textbook Pages 1 PAST CONTINUOUS WITH PAST SIMPLE ԝᤉᛡˁእӭԝ Unit 1 1 – 10 2 USED TO Unit 2 11 – 21 3 PRESENT PERFECT ဘښ ੇ߹Unit 3 22 – 31 4 PRESENT PERFECT + HOW LONG, FOR AND SINCE ဘښ ੇ߹HOW LONGnjFOR֗SINCE Unit 4 32 – 40 5 COMPARISONS උᣗ: JUST AS … AS / NOT AS … AS AND TOO / NOT ENOUGH Unit 5 41 – 50 6 PASSIVE VOICE (PRESENT SIMPLE) ᜂүឦগ እӭဘښἸ Unit 6 51 – 59 7 WILL AND GOING TO WILL֗GOING TO Unit 7 60 – 68 8 FIRST CONDITIONAL ኄʷ͈र Unit 8 69 – 77 9 REPORTED SPEECH ᫎଌळឦ Unit 9 78 – 87 10 QUESTION TAGS ᬄҫႡ᫈ੇѬ Unit 10 88 – 97 TEST 1 98 – 104 TEST 2 105 – 111 TEST 3 112 – 118 ANSWER KEY 119 – 126 00ContentSmart888A+QBGrammarY6indd206/12/20232:02PM
PAST CONTINUOUS WITH AST CONTINUOUS WITH PAST SIMPLE AST SIMPLE 1 ԝᤉᛡˁእӭԝ ԝᤉᛡˁእӭԝ UNIT GET SET National Textbook Unit 1 1 The past continuous tense is formed with ‘was/were + present participle (verb + ing)’. ԝᤉᛡ௧ႀþwas/were ဘښѬឈүឈ ingÿਫ਼ੇǍ Example Γ: was/were + present participle (verb + ing) Damien was watching his favourite programme. ඟښᄺ̵త؞ൔᄊᓬᄬǍ The cadets were marching impressively. ᥧ˔ߦၷࠣᦊᄊ൦୲̡̾ᡂՄˀࣃǍ 2 The past continuous tense is used ԝᤉᛡၹ̆ Functions Ҫᑟ Examples Γߕ • to describe an action that was happening at a specific time in the past ᛫ᇨԝྲࠀᄊᫎЯښԧၷ ᄊүͻ i. Amran was driving the ambulance at that time. ᬁݻРेښनઐᢼǍ ii. We were waiting for the ambulance then. ઐᢼǍښे̓ੈ • to express a past habitual action with adverbs like ‘always, often, sometimes, usually’, etc. ᛫ᇨԝᄊ˸ਅভүͻὊˁҞឈ þalways௧njoftenፃnj sometimesదnjusually ᤰÿᤌၹ i. When Lim was young, he was often hunting with his uncle. ेࣲᣐᄊϋὊ̵̵֗ᄊԨԨʷᡑ੪ Ǎ ii. When at his uncle’s farm, Lim was always helping him. ेښԨԨ̵ᄊкڤὊ̵௧̵ࣟᄊԨԨǍ • to show a gradual happening ᛫ᇨᤪ൦ԧၷᄊ̃ৱ i. The traffic was getting heavier and heavier. ̔ᤰવ܄ᄊৱцᡕᡕˑ᧘Ǎ ii. The wind was blowing stronger and stronger. ᮳ᡕҁᡕǍ • to show two actions happening at the same time ᛫ᇨՏԧၷᄊː˔үͻ i. Dad was gardening while I was chopping the wood. ेੈښҤὊྚྚښመᔉǍ ii. Jim was strumming the guitar while the children were singing. ेߕߧ̓ׯښൡὊՍښݻुՍ̵Ǎ Audio 1 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd111/10/202312:43PM
3 The past continuous tense is often used with the past simple: ԝᤉᛡˁእӭԝᤌၹ • to talk about a habitual action that was happening when another action took place ᛫ᇨԝԳʷүͻԧၷښԧၷᄊ˸ਅভүͻ past continuous past simple Example Γ: Zaini was often fishing with his uncle when he came back for a holiday. гڀࡉԝएϜὊ̵ᡲ̵ᄊᒹᒹʷᡑԝ᧵᱓Ǎ Here, the past continuous ‘was fishing’ suggests that the habitual action (fishing) was taking place at a time in the past. The past simple ‘came’ shows an action that took place at a specific time. ښ̿ʽᄊΓԲὊԝᤉᛡþwas fishingÿ᛫ᇨᤈ˔˸ਅভᄊүͻ(fishing)௧ښԝ౽ ˔ϋښԧၷᄊүͻǍእӭԝþcameÿ᛫ᇨښԝྲࠀϋԧၷᄊүͻǍ • to describe an action that was happening when another action took place ᛫ᇨԝԳʷүͻԧၷښԧၷᄊүͻ past continuous past simple Example Γ: Joe was sawing the branches when two birds flew past. ेᥧːԶᲚᮻὊ˰ښ᪅ಞ౨Ǎ Here, the past continuous ‘was sawing’ describes an action that was happening. The past simple ‘flew’ shows another action that took place at that moment. ښ̿ʽᄊΓԲὊԝᤉᛡþwas sawingÿ᛫ᇨԝښԧၷᄊүͻǍእӭԝ þflewÿ᛫ᇨेԧၷᄊԳʷүͻǍ • to talk about an action that was happening in the past when another action interrupted it ᛫ᇨԝᜂԳʷүͻ੪லښԧၷᄊүͻ past continuous past simple Example Γ: I was trimming the tree when a snake slithered by. ᥧᙩ̰ஸὊੈښξҝಞలǍ Here, the past continuous ‘was trimming’ is used to show an action that was in progress. The past simple ‘slithered’ is used to show another action that interrupted it. ښ̿ʽᄊΓԲὊԝᤉᛡþwas trimmingÿ᛫ᇨԝᤉᛡ˗ᄊүͻǍእӭԝ þslitheredÿ᛫ᇨ੪லᤈ˔үͻᄊԳʷүͻǍ 4 The past continuous can be used with the past simple in a question. ԝᤉᛡ֗እӭԝԻ̿ښႡ᫈Բ˗ᤌၹǍ Examples Γ: i. Did you lie when the police was interrogating you? Ϳᜂவᄨ᫈దឭំՙὝ ii. Were you hiding when your parents came back? Ϳඇڀ҂ὊͿᢹ̀ᡑՙὝ 2 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd211/10/202312:43PM
PRACTICE RACTICE B Underline the correct past continuous or past simple in the sentences below. 1 As we (walked , were walking) along the beach, we (saw , were seeing) a swimmer yelling for help. 2 We (went , were going) around in circles before we (asked , were asking) the station master for direction. 3 We (were becoming , became) panicked when we saw that the car (speeded , was speeding) towards us. 4 I (took , was taking) a shower when a lizard (dropped , was dropping) from the ceiling. 5 The boy (argued , was arguing) with his mother when his father (was coming , came) back. 6 We (explored , were exploring) the cave when I (was slipping , slipped) and injured myself. 7 The accident victim (bled , was bleeding) profusely when the nurse (was attending , attended) to him. 8 The rescue boat (sped , was speeding) towards us when it suddenly (capsized , was capsizing). 9 We (waited , were waiting) at the lobby but then no one (turned , was turning) up. 10 We (were forgiving , forgave) them as they (only pulled , were only pulling) our legs. 20 A Using the verbs below, form the past continuous and past simple in the blanks provided. Verb Past continuous Past simple Example: help was/were helping helped 1 call 2 seek 3 respond 4 examine 5 burn 6 cut 7 feed 8 recover 9 plan 10 rescue 20 4 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd411/10/202312:43PM
C Fill in the blanks with the correct past continuous or past simple. 1 We (to be) not of great help when the beggar (plead) for food. 2 The child (sleep) soundly when she (scream) suddenly. 3 Many people (jump) queue before the police (come). 4 The couple (stroll) in the park when a tree branch (fall) in front of them. 5 Molly (cook) when the door bell (ring). 6 The students (make) a lot of noise before the class monitor (shout) “Quiet!”. 7 At that time, I (to be) not aware that the thieves (ransack) our house. 8 Our soursop tree (grow) well before I (leave) for further studies. 9 The children (to be) not (study) when their parents (to be) out. 10 The fire engine (rush) to the scene of the accident while some outsiders (attend) to the injured. 20 D Match the parts of the sentences. 1 While I was attending to the injured, 2 Dave was swinging on a branch 3 We were patiently waiting for food 4 Weren’t you studying 5 No one heard us 6 We knew that 6 when it suddenly snapped. a doctor came. Jim was just pulling our legs. when the food truck finally came. when your parents were out? when we were calling for help. 5 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd511/10/202312:43PM
E Rewrite the sentences below in the correct order. 1 when a bird / I was doing / flew into the house / my homework 2 The lady / out of the car / was getting / someone shouting at her / when she heard 3 were having a fight / when the headmaster / The boys / passed by 4 was transferred / at the orphanage / helping them out / she was often / Before Carol 5 it exploded / was gathering speed / The rocket / when suddenly 6 was calling for help / The couple / heard them / but no one / in the lift 6 F Based on each picture, complete the sentence with the correct past continuous and past simple. 1 The dog at a stranger who outside the gate. 2 The lifeguard towards the swimmer who in trouble. 3 The shopkeeper the shop when two robbers suddenly. 4 James a science experiment when there an explosion. 5 Ai Ling her drink when someone out to her. 10 6 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd611/10/202312:43PM
CHECKPOINT HECKPOINT A Read the passage below and choose the best option to fill in the blanks. It was a bright and sunny morning. As we (1) ready to swim, mum (2) us to be careful and not to go far out in the sea. We (3) merrily in the water when suddenly we (4) someone shouting “Help! Help!”. I (5) that a boy (6) in the water some distance away. At the same time, a lifeguard (7) as he (8) swiftly towards the boy. When he successfully (9) the boy to the shore, he (10) heavily. While the lifeguard (11) first aid on the boy, we (12) the siren of an ambulance. We (13) the lifeguard but he said he (14) only his duty. 1 A got B were getting 2 A reminded B was reminding 3 A were splashing B splashed 4 A heard B were hearing 5 A was noticing B noticed 6 A struggled B was struggling 7 A was responding B responded 8 A swam B was swimming 9 A was bringing B brought 10 A was panting B panted 11 A applied B was applying 12 A were hearing B heard 13 A commended B were commending 14 A was, doing B were, did 14 9 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd911/10/202312:43PM
6 We (cook) dinner. The gas (run) out. A While we cooked dinner, the gas was running out. B While we were cooking dinner, the gas ran out. C While we cooked dinner, the gas ran out. 7 It (get) dark. We quickly (pack) up. A As it was getting dark, we quickly packed up. B As it was dark, we were quickly packing up. C As it was getting dark, we were quickly packing up. 8 The elephants (cross) the bridge. The bridge (collapse) suddenly. A While the elephants crossed the bridge, it collapsed suddenly. B The elephants were crossing the bridge when it was collapsing. C While the elephants were crossing the bridge, it collapsed suddenly. 9 The couple (trap) in a car. They (scream) for help. A When the couple was trapped in a car, they were screaming for help. B The couple was trapping in a car as they screamed for help. C The couple was trapping in a car as they were screaming for help. 10 There (to be) a blackout. The police (work) round the clock. A There was being a blackout as the police were working round the clock. B When there was a blackout, the police were working round the clock. C There was a blackout so the police worked round the clock. 10 1 The student (dream). Ms Green (call) his name. A The student dreamt when Ms Green called his name. B The student was dreaming when Ms Green was calling his name. C The student was dreaming when Ms Green called his name. 2 We (watch) birds. Suddenly there (to be) a loud bang. A We were watching birds when suddenly there was a loud bang. B While we watched birds, there was a loud bang. C We watched birds when there was a loud bang. 3 We (stay) at the bungalow. It (become) haunted later. A We were staying at the bungalow, after which it became haunted. B We stayed at the bungalow when it became haunted soon after. C We stayed at the bungalow when it was becoming haunted soon after. 4 The scouts (trek) up the hill. One of them (have) a cramp. A The scouts trekked up the hill when one of them was having a cramp. B While the scouts were trekking up the hill, one of them had a cramp. C The scouts were trekking up the hill when one of them was having a cramp. 5 We (to be) busy (prepare) for an outing. It (start) to rain. A When we were busy preparing for an outing, it started to rain. B As we prepared for an outing, it was starting to rain. C While we prepared for an outing, it started to rain. B Choose the option that shows the correct use of past continuous with past simple. 10 01Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd1011/10/202312:43PM
TEST 1 /100 Time: 50 minutes A Circle the best option. 1 When I was twelve years old, I hike up the hill. A used to B was used to C have used to D am used to 2 When Sally was in primary school, she have short hair. A was used to B used to C is used to D doesn’t use to 3 How long you in the school? A had, taught B were, teaching C has, taught D have, taught 4 Dave was busy distributing food when someone him to stop. A told B was telling C has told D tells 5 Dad was trimming the branches when suddenly a squirrel . A has appeared B appears C was appearing D appeared 6 I the live telecast when suddenly there was a blackout. A watched B had watched C was watching D am watching 7 Daud for the badminton tournament. A will registered B has registered C registering D register 8 Tommy isn’t at home. I think he to the park. A have gone B hasn’t gone C has went D has gone 9 you heard the news? We can travel again. A Haven’t B Did C Had D Do 10 I’m hungry. I think I skip breakfast today. A am not going to B won’t C am going to D isn’t going to 98 11Test13Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd9819/10/202310:06AM
B Underline the correct answers. 1 As Lee (cycled , was cycling) along the road, he saw a stranger waving at him. 2 The boy was struggling in the water when the lifeguard (arrived , was arriving). 3 Rozita has started working in the company (since , for) the beginning of this month. 4 The Lim family has stayed in the new house (since , for) six months already. 5 When I was there as a boy, I (used to , was used to) catch spiders. 6 The mouse (caught , was caught) by the cat. 7 I think I (am going to , will go) to the bookshop alone. 8 Roy is (not fit enough , too fit) to take part in the marathon. 9 If I have a choice, I (will buy , am going to buy) the green blouse. 10 (Will , Would) you welcome the guests if they turn up early? 11 The new set of furniture is (made of , made from) wood. 12 You won’t register for the race, (won’t you , will you)? 13 Linda (has decided , will decide) to study at Warwick University. 14 I was taking my bath when I (slipped , was slipping) and fell. 15 The cars stopped at the zebra crossing when the pedestrians (crossed , were crossing) it. 16 Steven (has never seen , never saw) such a creature before. 17 Chin will still visit Cameron Highlands although he (was , has been) there many times. 18 I think I (will open , am going to open) a savings account in the bank. 19 It’s durian season so we (are going , will go) to our uncle’s orchard this weekend. 20 The electric bill (was paying , has been paid) already. 20 100 11Test13Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd10019/10/202310:06AM
C Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 1 Zul was strumming his guitar when someone (call) out his name. 2 Grandpa (do) the crossword puzzle when the door bell rang. 3 What you (do) if you are stranded on an island? 4 We not (visit) any country since the pandemic started. 5 How long you (work) as a teacher? 6 What (happen) to us if we don’t abide by the rules? 7 The cat (chase) by a dog until it climbed up a tree. 8 Those who do not wear their face masks (stop) from entering the hypermarket. 9 you (come) for the trip? No, I won’t. 10 If our total earnings are less than RM2 500 a month, we _______________ (entitle) to aid. 11 I (walk) along the pathway when suddenly a snake slithered by. 12 Adam was plucking mangoes when it (start) to rain. 13 Hong (go) overseas for a well-deserved holiday. 14 I think I (buy) the blouse yet. 15 If you save one ringgit a day, how much you (get) in a month? 16 If it isn’t my fault, I (pay) any compensation. 17 You cannot enter the building unless you (tell) to do so. 18 The instructor (scold) the trainees for coming late yesterday. 19 The culprit (ask) to pay for the damage he had caused. 20 Eating at home is just (good) as eating in a restaurant. 20 101 11Test13Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd10119/10/202310:06AM
D Complete the sentences below. Use the correct form of the verbs. 1 flower pot / break / boy A flower pot was . 2 help / elderly / cross road A girl is . 3 frying pan / make / aluminium The frying pan . 4 trim / gardener The branches of the tree are . 5 money / buy / mountain bike If I have . 6 chance / visit / theme park I hope . 7 used to / play tops / friends When I was a boy, . 8 teach / twenty years The teacher . 9 paint / house / since The painter has been . 10 not as expensive as / imported fruits Local fruits are . 20 102 11Test13Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd10219/10/202310:06AM
F Read the dialogue below and circle the best option. Ida: Hi, Li Na. I heard that you and your family made a trip to the Botanic Garden, (1) ? Li Na: Yes, (2) . It being a public holiday, my dad decided to take the whole family to the Botanic Garden. It is indeed an ideal spot for a stroll or jog with friends and family. Ida: I (3) a lot about the scenic spot. It’s the right place to unwind, (4) ? Li Na: Yes, indeed. There is a lot of greenery with a variety of flora and fauna. I (5) such a beautiful garden in my life. Ida: You must have snapped a lot of photos, (6) ? Li Na: For sure I have. You can see many types of insects and butterflies in the garden too. And not to forget the monkeys and giant squirrels. I was busy snapping away when a monkey suddenly (7) to take something from my bag. Ida: What else did you do? Li Na: There was so much to do at the Botanic Garden. You can watch or join in the performing of aerobics or ‘tai chi’ and ‘qi gong’. Those who love adventure (8) jungle trekking. If you don’t want to sweat, (9) and relax in the shade of the trees. You will have an ideal family picnic if you (10) along some snacks and drinks. Now, you will make a trip to the garden if you have an opportunity, won’t you? Ida: Sure, I will. 1 A did you B weren’t you C were you D didn’t you 2 A we did B we do C we were D we will 3 A had heard B did hear C have heard D do hear 4 A isn’t it B is it C was it D wasn’t it 5 A never saw B have never seen C didn’t see D never see 6 A have you B do you C won’t you D haven’t you 7 A trying B was trying C tried D tries 8 A will go B won’t go C are going D have gone 9 A just sitting B just sit C just sat D just to sit 10 A are bringing B brought C bring D will bring 10 104 11Test13Smart888A+QBGrammarY6indd10419/10/202310:06AM
119 UNIT 1 PRACTICE A 1 was/were calling, called 2 was/were seeking, sought 3 was/were responding, responded 4 was/were examining, examined 5 was/were burning, burnt 6 was/were cutting, cut 7 was/were feeding, fed 8 was/were recovering, recovered 9 was/were planning, planned 10 was/were rescuing, rescued B 1 were walking, saw 2 were going, asked 3 became, was speeding 4 was taking, dropped 5 was arguing, came 6 were exploring, slipped 7 was bleeding, attended 8 was speeding, capsized 9 were waiting, turned 10 forgave, were only pulling C 1 were, was pleading 2 was sleeping, screamed 3 were jumping, came 4 was strolling, fell 5 was cooking, rang 6 were making, shouted 7 was, were ransacking 8 was growing, left 9 were, studying, were 10 was rushing, attended D 1 While I was attending to the injured, a doctor came. 2 Dave was swinging on a branch when it suddenly snapped. 3 We were patiently waiting for food when the food truck finally came. 4 Weren’t you studying when your parents were out? 5 No one heard us when we were calling for help. 6 We knew that Jim was just pulling our legs. E 1 I was doing my homework when a bird flew into the house. 2 The lady was getting out of the car when she heard someone shouting at her. 3 The boys were having a fight when the headmaster passed by. 4 Before Carol was transferred, she was often helping them out at the orphanage. 5 The rocket was gathering speed when suddenly it exploded. 6 The couple in the lift was calling for help but no one heard them. F 1 was barking, was 2 was swimming, was 3 was closing, appeared 4 was doing, was 5 was sipping, called G 1 didn’t...go, wasn’t feeling 2 were...doing, shouted 3 Weren’t...playing, came 4 Weren’t...dreaming, called 5 wasn’t cooking, visited 6 were praying, heard H 1 While Janice was playing the piano, the courier van came. 2 Joe was reading the newspaper when someone called out his name. 3 The ambulance was speeding towards the scene of the accident when it skidded and turned turtle. 4 The children were playing merrily by themselves when they heard an explosion. 5 While the athlete was doing some vigorous exercises, he collapsed. I 1 was raining 2 went 3 could 4 were sleeping 5 heard 6 woke 7 was 8 were rushing 9 saw 10 was barking 11 waded 12 opened 13 saw 14 was standing 15 were floating 16 was moving 17 attempted 18 was working 19 needed 20 were waiting 21 came 22 queued CHECKPOINT A 1 B 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 B 6 B 7 B 8 B 9 B 10 A 11 B 12 B 13 A 14 A B 1 C 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 C 9 A 10 B UNIT 2 PRACTICE A 1 used to have 2 used to fly 3 used to sell 4 used to get up 5 used to be 6 used to be 7 used to eat 8 used to be 9 used to visit 10 used to cycle ANSWER KEY NSWER KEY 12AnswerSmart888A+QBGrammarY6indd11919/10/202310:34AM
120 B 1 Nila didn’t use to sleep well on a canvas bed. 2 I didn’t use to communicate with my parents by public phone. 3 Amy didn’t use to learn ballet when she was in Year One. 4 Emily didn’t use to live in the apartment with her friends. 5 We didn’t use to have a carpet in the house. 6 Our parents didn’t use to eat out every weekend. 7 Joe didn’t use to wear T-shirts then. 8 There didn’t use to be a cobbler’s corner there. C 1 didn’t use to 2 Didn’t, use to 3 used to 4 didn’t use to 5 Did, use to 6 Didn’t, use to D 1 Did the twins use to argue with each other? 2 Didn’t the stranger use to beg for money? 3 Did Grandpa use to see bullock carts 50 years ago? 4 Didn’t we use to have an oven then? 5 Did Mrs Tan use to have a maid to clean the house? 6 Did Ms Lim use to sing to entertain you all? 7 Did you use to visit your friends during festive seasons? 8 Did Chong Wei use to play badminton in the open court? E 1 used to be 2 used to 3 didn’t use to have 4 didn’t use to 5 used to be 6 used to play 7 used to see 8 used to be F 1 I used to be afraid of spiders 2 when we visited our grandparents in the village 3 which passed away five years ago 4 as pocket money for school 5 as my mother was the sole breadwinner G 1 Yes, he used to be a salesman. / No, he didn’t use to be a salesman. 2 Yes, I used to cry when I saw a stranger. / No, I didn’t use to cry when I saw a stranger. 3 Yes, I used to train hard before I became a sportsman. / No, I didn’t use to train hard before I became a sportsman. 4 Yes, I used to hike up the hill often. / No, I didn’t use to hike up the hill often. 5 Yes, my dad used to take me to school. / No, my dad didn’t use to take me to school. 6 Yes, I used to wash my shoes every weekend. / No, I didn’t use to wash my shoes every weekend. 7 Yes, I used to play video games when I was in Year One. / No, I didn’t use to play video games when I was in Year One. 8 Yes, I used to play in the rain when I was a child. / No, I didn’t use to play in the rain when I was a child. H 1 used to tell 2 used to cycle 3 used to take 4 used to ride 5 used to wash 6 didn’t use to have 7 used to eat 8 used to buy 9 used to make 10 didn’t use to like 11 used to listen 12 didn’t use to listen I 1 When I was young, I used to play truant. 2 When we were children, we didn’t use to choose our own clothes. 3 Before I went to bed, my mother used to read to me. 4 We used to fish at the lake during weekends. 5 Irene used to cook her own meal at home when she was alone. 6 There used to be lots of stinkbugs in our housing estate. 7 My family used to live in that old house when I was in primary school. 8 My grandparents didn’t use to have mobile phones. CHECKPOINT A 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 A 6 A 7 B 8 B 9 B 10 A 11 A 12 B 13 B 14 B 15 A 16 A B 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 A 9 C 10 B UNIT 3 PRACTICE A 1 has risen 2 have written 3 has engaged 4 have applied 5 has, visited 6 has, worn 7 has explored 8 has discovered 9 Have, flown 10 have, reached B 1 never 2 never 3 never 4 ever 5 ever 6 never 7 never 8 ever 9 never 10 ever C 1 I have taken part in a canopy walk before. 2 Joe has never paddled a kayak before. 3 Ivy has used a sleeping bag before. 4 Tony has flown in a hot-air balloon before. 5 They have not scaled Mt Kinabalu before. 6 We have explored a limestone cave before. 7 Rita has worked as a beekeeper before. 8 I have not played hopscotch before. 9 The boy has tasted durian before. 10 I have seen a monitor lizard before. D 1 Have, seen 2 have, watched 3 have, heard 4 have, set 5 have visited 6 Have, come 7 have longed 8 have, explored 9 have, travelled 10 have, gone 11 has planned 12 have heard 13 have, had E 1 followed, follow 2 fallen, fall 3 trimmed, trim 4 lost, lose 5 taken, take 6 won, win 7 done, do 8 begun, begin F 1 have found 2 has helped 3 have eaten 4 has been solved 5 has applied 6 has decided 7 haven’t seen 8 hasn’t started 12AnswerSmart888A+QBGrammarY6indd12019/10/202310:34AM