learning-chess-workbook-step-1

Rob Bruñía, Cor van Wijgerden

Workbook Step 1

Ñame: Date of birth:
Street: Place:
School: Club:
Learned chess from: Trainer:

Fhe board a8 b8 c8 d8 e8 f8 98 h8 flfth rank
a? b7 c7 d7 e7 f7 g7 h7
The chess board consists of a6 b6 c6 d6 e6 f6 g6 h6 Ranks ('rows') go from one
squares. It has 64 squares a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 f5 g5 h5 side to the other. They are
arranged 8 x 8. In chess a4 b4 c4 d4 e4 f4 g4 h4 indicated with numbers. All
language they are called a3 b3 c3 d3 e3 f3 g3 h3 squares with number 1 (al, bl,
white and black squares. a2 b2 c2 d2 e2 f2 g2 h2 el, di, el, fl, gl andhl)are
The board is positioned cor- on the first rank.
rectly when a white square is a1 b1 d d1 e1 f1 g1 h1 All squares with number 5 are
in the lower right hand cór- on the fifth rank.
ner; 'white on right'. In this diagram all the ñames Files ('columns') go from bot-
All of the squares have a are indicated in the squares. tom to top and are indicated
ñame. with letters. All squares with
The square marked is an h (hl through h8) are on the
called b2. h-file.
The square marked is
called e4. All eight files and eight ranks
The square marked is are equally long.
called f6.
s £\ .& «

AAAAAAAA

AAAAAAAA iáláiáiá

All squares al, b2, c3, d4, e5, The starting position. In the diagram the board is
f6, g7 and h8 lie on a diago- The pieces on the board shown from the viewpoint of
nal (slanting Une). should be set up like this. We the black player. Once again
Not all diagonals are of equal view the position from the the white player makes the first
length. The shortest diagonals side of the white player. move.
are only two squares long White always begins a game;
(e.g. al/bS). he makes the first move. Note the position of the black
The longest diagonals consist Notice where the white queen queen. She is standing on a
of eight squares. There are is standing. She is always on black square.
two of them: al/h8 and hl/a8. a white square.

Firststep

Board Naming the squares: A

7
6

a bcdef a bc d e f

BHJ;

a bcdefgh a bcdefgh bcdefgh

*= A= *= A= ^= 1=

7 a bcdef 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1
a bcdefgh a bcdefgh

7 a bc d e f
6
5
4
3
2

I

a bcdefgh

Board Naming the squares: B

^8 8 8
7
7 7 6
5
6 6 4
5 3
4 5 2
3 1
2, 4 fgh

i 3 += c4

2

1

ab cde fgh ab cde fgh ab cde

•=f2 •= g7 4= c6 0=35 •= e8 += h3 •= a1 •= d6

8 ' 8
7
JQUL 67 7
6 5
6
5 5

4 4 IH m iw* •• 4

3 • •M • 3 3
2
2 9

1 ív-;« .I/ :.,, i 1 1

ab cde fgh abcdefgh ab cde fgh

•=h8 B=d1 +=c5 «=96 B=e3 *= b4 •= f7 •= b2 4= d4

8 ;::;f: HH «8 8
7
7 7 6
5
6 6 4
3
5 5
9
4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1 1

ab cde fgh ab cde fgh ab cde fgh

•=g2 "=e5 += b6 •= d2 •= h6 *=f5 •= g4 •= f1 += c4

8 8 sy 8
7 ' 7
6 6 ab 6
5 5 5
4 4 •= a7 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1

ab cde fgh ab cde fgh cde fgh

•=c6 B=g1 4=d8 *=f1 B=c5 ^= a3 •= e5 ^= g6

First step

Moves of the pieces

All the pieces move in their own way on the chessboard.

+
+

1 I

The rook can move to all squares marked with a The bishop can move to all the squares marked
plus. There are 14 of them. with a plus. There are 13 of them.
The rook moves straight, forwards, backwards, The bishop moves diagonally, forwards or back-
or sideways. The rook can move to 14 different wards. The bishop can move to 13 different
squares from e4. squares from d5.

1

The queen can move to all the squares marked The knight can move to all the squares marked
with a plus. There are 27 of them. with a plus. There are 8 of them.
The queen can move like a rook, and like a bis- The knight moves one square straight and one
hop. The queen moves straight, diagonally, square diagonally. The knight can move to 8
forwards or backwards. The queen can move to different squares from d4.
27 different squares from e5.
• The queen has the most possibilities.
Therefore she is the strongest piece.

• The rook has a lower valué than the queen, but
is still stronger than the other pieces.

4- < f > :•+; • The bishop and the knight are equally strong.
4- -i- +
• The king is a special case. He is the most
The king can move to all the squares marked important one!
with a cross. There are 8 of them. The king
moves straight or diagonally, but only one
square at a time. The king can move to 8 diffe-
rent squares from c3.

- Moves of the pieces: A

Rules of the game

•AW
1

Firststep

Attacking and taking

On the left, the rook 'eyes On the left, the white queen White can take the black
up' the squares marked with is attacking the black queen. knight with his rook.
a plus. The queen on a4 can capture The white rook cannot take
At right, the rook 'eyes up' the queen on d7. the bishop because the knight
not only all the squares On the right, the white queen is blocking its path.
marked with a plus, but also has captured the black queen.
the black knight. The rook is The queen comes to rest on Queens, rooks and bishops
aimed at the knight. the square that the black are not allowed to jump over
queen had occupied. The enemy pieces.
This is called: attacking. latter is removed and no
longer takes part in the game.

£

In the left half the white The knight can, of course, At left, the white knight on
queen cannot capture the also capture. b3 jumps over the black
black bishop. His own piece, At left, the knight can pieces to capture the black
the white bishop is standing capture the queen. rook.
in the way.
Also at right, the white queen At right, the knight can It is simple to jump over
cannot capture. The white choose between taking the one's own pieces.
bishop can capture the black queen or the rook. The At right, the knight on g2
bishop. Queens, rooks, and knight may also make takes the black bishop on h4.
bishops are not allowed to another move. The knight is the only piece
jump over their own pieces. that is allowed to jump.

For all the pieces, remember: Taking is not compulsory.
It is allowed, but is not obligatory.

f Moves of the pieces: B

Rules of the game

+ for moving A Rd4
O for taking
Bd5

£

Qe5 __._ Be3
I Nd6
Rc7
Rc5
Qg4

Qe2 Bd6 Nd3

Attacking Creating anattack: A
1

II

The pawn

Each player has eight pawns. The pawn move is not similar to the moves of other pieces. In fact,
everything is different.

iiiiiiii

A

i

A

A AAAAAAAfi

A pawn can move one square The pawn takes diagonally Each side has 8 pawns in the
forward. On its fírst move forward, not straight. It is the starting position. They are
the pawn can chose whether only piece that captures dif- standing on the 2nd and 7*
it wants to move one or two ferently from the way that it rank.
squares forward. After this, moves. A pawn is the only chess
the pawn can only move one The pawn on d5 can choose piece that may not move
square forward each turn. between taking the bishop or backwards. He also may not
The white pawns play from the knight. He can also ad- capture backwards. This
bottom to top. vance forward one step. means that the white pawns
The black pawns always play The pawn on g3 can play can never stand on the fírst
from top to bottom. only after the black pawn has rank and the black pawns
takenonh3. never on the eighth rank.

If a pawn reaches the back «i A pawn:
rank, it can change into a A • can choose to move one or
queen, rook, bishop or knight
of the same colour. Pawns may not jump, neither two squares on its fírst
The pawn cannot remain on over their own pieces, ñor move
the square. The pawn is pro- over the enemy pieces. • maynot move backwards
moted. The pawn cannot The white a-pawn cannot • takes differently (diago-
change into a king. move. The black g-pawn nally) from the way it
Pawn f7 chooses: cannot move two squares moves (forward)
forward because the bishop • can change to a piece of
ma&A is in its way, ñor can it take the same colour (except a
the queen. The only move is king) when it reaches the
Pawn b2 chooses: one step forward to g6. opposite end of the board

W I % JL First step

10

Rules ofthe game Moves of the pawn: A

A

Ai i J.
A
A
A
A

Rf. A A
u

Attacking Creating an attack: A

J.

I II
11 i
ii

te

A

AA A

I

Ai

A

AA

12 Firststep

Defending I

J.

+ 4-

A piece which is under attack On the left, the queen attacks On the left, the black rook is
can often be saved. the knight. The knight does attacked. The rook can move
The bishop at left is being not have to move away. away, but it can also capture
attacked, but he can defend Instead, the rook can protect the white rook.
himself by moving to one of the knight on c7 or b8. If Capturing (or taking) is the
the six squares marked with a White then takes the knight, third way of defence.
plus. the black rook takes the The black queen on the right
On the right, the black knight queen. can escape from the bishop's
can only move to one square At right, Black can protect attack by moving away. In
where it cannot be captured. his attacked bishop by this case it is better to take it,
moving his rook one square because the bishop is not
backward (to f7). protected.

i J.1

i

A A The rook on e? is under
attack. He can be defended in
On the left, the queen is There are two special ways various ways. In chess you
attacked; she can move of protecting which are can defend yourself by:
away. Black has another way somewhat different from the • moving away
to defend himself from this previous examples. • protecting
attack. He can interpose the At left, White can protect the • taking
bishop on b6. knight by advancing the
At right, Black can choose pawn. The pawn move frees • interposing
from three ways of defending up a path for the rook.
the attacked knight. Moving On the right, the white rook Black can play either:
away, protecting with the is not interested in taking. 1. ... Re7-a7 (moving away)
rook on f6, or interposing the White protects the rook by 1.... Bg7-f6 (protecting)
rook on g5. The black pawn moving it to g3. 1. ... Re7xe4 (taking)
protects the rook. 1.... Bg7-e5 (interposing)

L3

Defending Protecting: A

1 * 'é' A

AA Ai A A% A
i!1 A Ai
AA A AA
A £\ %
AA A M& 1
AA AA
A A A <á?AA ; AA n i:

A <||s) AL A % A ^ AA
A IA A J.A
A A AA%
A ^A A
A AA AA A A
<É> A A
A A
AAA AA
A <É> A:

é <^g) :„ isr flHt (SrS)
i! A A
AA :A A
A %A A A !_•_•_•
A A J. A A
A A& U^
% AA A t
<¿>
A £>
••nIi mIB a n^ A
A AAA

1 1

& É. A <^M) A <É>
A AA
AA A Jv^ÉH A J.A
AAAA A
% Á, A fe A A A A A
AB A A ;A
A -1 ILB ^ .A
AA A
: ÜH t 9H ••
W A <á? A

14 F/V5< step

Defending Moving away: A

A ili A tjBgji) A A (^g>
AAA
A AA % AI AA
A
& A iAiriAiA ^ AA Á, Á,\
A AA
&

g

AA A A A* A
A % AA
A A &A A ó W %A A AI
1^=1
A6 ^* & A &j
•Jfta A
A
AA A, •ft
A
A

A . / • *. ^:"':1^1

A A+ A j-fl 1
A A A éA
A é>
A; A AA AA
• ^A & Ni W
WA
A ±A A «i A
AA
^"BHBB •H^^^^^H A
15 <¿) A <¿>

i • I

'ó' É. A % A 'á* A ^A
A AA AA AA
AA
A igf fl A
AA AA A
A $i A
: A A <á> A A A¡

fi ' '• JaL : ' I A*

15

•

Material Taking an unprotected piece: A

4 A 44 1
ilf 4

II • ' 4 | A áí I. ' \'A..- ' ••• ']
^™ e5t=
A AIII
A£ 4
A
A A^ A
AA

1 Jt 'á1 E 4^4
4 44 |; --á= AA
4 4Ü
A% • 1A A
AA
•" H
A A <&

n-

Wf Éí 4 W J. 4 • • lB'4 4
A 4
4 ^^%MMBgj^^^
£4 1

• HH^^

:4>!

• •f"W A A A AA A A

A ' :; ^i Aé

_ 4 ^g> 4 4 é> 4
4 A 4 44
£44 4 44
44 A A ^•JTji&í

A l^jBL A A fl £A A&
A AA ÉL A A A
AAA

16 F/rs? s/ep

Defending Taking the attacker: A

•i rir *

A v Aw A é> A i
A A A % A1
A a j.
^A ± A1
H *^( ' •*
A

AA i, A^ A A
A A<á?
*• *f

(Bgi) í 'A !* ^p A
A A1 A
A Ai ^p A I
A
•r: •A A• A %A M.

AA A „,

¿2 I ' • • ' " ' . A ,: .. «& •••&

A á> A ll á»

A I$ ^ j. i ^ A
A
AA •A AI* A
AA
A «á, 41
<¿>
AA A-
"& M
A ^^ WA *A fl JL A

Hl A > w v A *

AA A lwj i^g?
A A A^
A % AA AS AA
A %A
A
A £1 A A A •MB
AA
A ^A A 1 á> A

^ A

17

Material Taking an unprotected piece: B

i ii éiii I WI *
i%
A ii Ai
A
A AA
A
A& A

A * A A A! AA

IA 1 £I 1 i
i ió ii ii ii
Ai % ii
ii
A
A A

AA AA A AAA
Jj
a

i «i i i i i Itr 2w
i1 ii ii
i A
A A i A
A
A A
A AW A A A1 A AAA

a

i• i i
Ai i i ai i
A Ai i i i&
ii
ii i%
A ir
i %A ii A
A WA
AA
A A £> A A
A Jl

AA AAA AA

18 F/'rsí 5?ep

Test Repetition: A

• ^SjEBL & VI™"BABI

HIIB* \U<"lfí

Creating an attack Which move can the pawn play? Attacking

%& '

1ÉF A

A AA

•QB ABM^^^^^^JP^M^^^^^^MBB^^ : A ' > •

Attacking Í¿1 í * .:,: :

Defending abcdefgh

•= d5 •= O 4= e7

1 AéA AA A A 'É1 A
%A A
¿dk A A A % AA
AA A
VJjfí Jt A AH
A J, A A
A
Defending
AA AA ;:; A
.A

fi íl?

Taking an unprotected piece Defending

Al A ; ^> ^
AA
^ 4Éi^Ü A
Creating an attack
+ = moving O = taking A .- A
A

Taking an unprotected piece

19

Test Mix: A

S, *Bi ili> £ ió> <i|@
AA
A* A A
^B ^Sft 4A
^H 1 A
Al A A nrjj^i 4 ,
AW A
gJL A
s : " &*A A A-í' A
A
a AA a
1
Defending
Defending Taking an unprotected piece

I <é> A 1S? ¿ ¿kl¡ <é> A

J. A A A

A A &
A
A -AA A 1• •
Ai : AI
á>
v ;^
Attacking Defending
4- = moving O = taking
•Oí
s S I A "T?

É>

AA

A :} - A A

A W A¿ A
£
• •!• • A

+ for correct bishop moves AAA <¿>
- for badbishop moves
A Taking an unprotected piece
>é
+ for correct queen moves
AA - for badqueen moves
A A JL A
t ü&\ *A t^g) ).-,
A •^H A
W^ A' JL& JÍL
AA
AA A A
*A 1 A »
•A^ AA
Defending
A A

Ii A • ;; A A

Attacking Defending

20 First step

Check and getting out of check

At the upper leñ the rook is The king may never remain The king may never place
attacking the king. An attack in check. the king can thus himself in check; he can also
on the king is something never be captured. never give check. There must
special and has its own always be one square between
ñame: check. At the top in this diagram, the two kings.
In the other positions the the black king must move to
king is also in check. b8. Interposing
If in a game you attack the At the bottom, White cannol
king of your opponent, you move his king. He must
may say: "check." move his pawn.

How do we get out of check?

Moving away Taking

At left, the king is in check. At left, the black king can At left, Black can escape
He can choose one of three take the white queen and he from check by moving his
squares to move to. will no longer be in check. knight on c7 between his
At right, he can only move to At right, the white rook can king and the white rook.
two squares. take the bishop, which is At right, the bishop's move
giving check. to £2cuts off the queen's line
of attack.
moving away
21
Getting out of check: • taking with the king
with another piece

• interposing

Attacking Giving check: A

i %<é> i jt "!•

i

A

AA

1 i !•

AA A i 4 Á á *i I
iA
á
J. A
AA
A
A
A A A! ¡A A AA

I J. 1

ii A i ái A A A A A A

ÁA á

A á AA

Aá A AA

AA

A AAA AAA AAA

*I

AA AA A A AA

A AA J.

A fe A

AA AA

AA

AA AA A

22 First step

Defending Getting out of check: A

1á A A AA A A
AA
i A
A A A A! I A A
AA

A Am 11 ái iáÁ A ^<¡«U*) A

i1 ^1 AA V 01

A AAA A AA A
AA AA
<á? A A

AA * A A A AAAA A 1AAA
A &A
1A ¡A A A A Al
•A
A
AA AAA
AAA AAA

AA i 111 A A A «T A A A
A
AA AA £> A A A
A •TH

A A A^ A A A

2 "i

Defending Getting out of check: B

J. 1 A
A
A

A&

A

A
A| A

i Ai A

Ai I A

J. I A A
A A
AA
A

1 1 <É AAA i áA
A WA A
Mwífr A
A Al £> A
AA W A A ± AA
¡A A
A
Al

24 First slep

Checkmate

«r*

The queen is attacking the In this position black is also The knight is protecting the
black king, thus the king is in in check. Now the king can queen on b6. Black is in
check and Black must no longer take the white check and he can do nothing
remove the check. Moving queen. The queen is protec- to remove it. Black has been
away or interposing a piece ted; she is assisted by the checkmated.
is not possible. The only bishop. Black is in check and On the right, White has been
possibility for Black is to there is no way to get out of checkmated. The black
take the white queen. it. queen is safely protected by
Black is checkmated. her bishop.

Checkmate ends of the game.
The player who delivers checkmate wins and receives one point. The player who has been

checkmated loses and receives no points. The outcome:
1-O if White wins
0-1 if Black wins

The rook is guarding all 1 At left, White can give
squares on the seventh rank. checkmate with the rook on
The black king can only The queen is guarding the el.
move to squares d8 or f8. seventh rank. The rook can, Each rook has its own task.
In the lower portion Black by giving check on the eighth The b-rook protects the
guards even more squares. rank, deprive the king of his b-file, while the c-rook
White is not checkmated yet, last escape square. checks. Both are needed for
for mate, a check is needed. mate.
He can mate with the queen At the bottom checkmate has At right, the queen check-
onñ. been delivered. The white mates on g2. She is suppor-
king is in check and there are ted by the pawn on f3.
no more possible moves.

25

Mate Mate in one: A

'g
1

26 First step

Mate Creating mate: A

A

ii A
A
Ai
AA

A
AA
A

27

Mate Creating mate: B

áÁ I
i
A
A

ii

A

A '& A
A

A

A
A

28

1
T

1

g ui

Mate Mate in one: C

ÁA á
1

A A! ¡A 1 &A

A ái
A
A
f _A_ &HB
(^M)

iÁ

30 First step

Mate Creating mate: C

VA A
A

1 Ai

AA A
A<á?.A
A

A J.

AA

A

A A

A AA

*I 1 AA A
A A! A é> A A
Al. I A«á?
A A %A
A AA 31
A
A
A <±> A

Mate Creating mate: D

á iÁ
1
AA

á

A

A

A A
A
A
A A

1 F/ri/ step

i

JHB

AA

a A WA A

32

Mate Mate in one:

iá áA
1
i

A
A

A
A

I Jt <s™

A ii
1A á

A

E ®» • 1
^» Ai
á
1

A AA AA

A

33

Mate Mate in one: I

1

1 A AA w2 A A A J.
A fi <á? A
A A A• W A
A% A AA
Jl A ¿A A
& A JL A
A A a
AW
|0: s *A
®!
g?

• • ^ A

^A * fl .H • ?;:;; r ^- I
A
A ^H^H fiB•r B~ ^Jb^H> jWs.
AA A
AA A i^g) A
• A <á? A^ AA
r .' W A • A
'A i A

«É* E 'É* A J. A
W AAA A
A• AW A%
AA AA
A A ^i ^ fi
&A A ^A A AI
A W A*
tíííí

MH Ha HP ®

AA

• 1* i«¿»i
A fi A A
afl m A% A
A^ AA
AA A
A A «á? f|? A Wá

AA A
AA W A
^ :A <¿> 2

fí 2

F/re? step

Mate Mate in one: F

1A iA i AA
A
A A
AA
IA
A

I
AWA A A A

AA

AA A A

AA A

AA A A A

1 AA
AA
A
A J.

A A AA A A A
%A AA
A
AI A
EL I8Ü s.

-'

£ 1
AA AA

A

AA Al iA
1
AA

A A A I1 A

35

Mate Mate in one: G

A AAA AA AA
A
É. Aá
A
A A
AA A
A

AA A

AAA AAA

AA

AA A
AA A A A

A AA

AA jf (S||) 1

A AA AA
A
A A A

A
A A JlA

A HA i£ I A
A Al AA
A 4£i A AA
A % A
A A
A A AA A
A A Ai

36 First step

Mate Mate in one: H

w •* ~f • f*~ ^ 1 I;í
A A "£> A A AA ^
AA AA A
A* AA %AAA A
^AA
A A
-• A A A^
¡A Á,w A
fa Jl A 0 AA
A A1T A A :;:/ , &
A AAA
S<á? 1^

'. £ M IÉF • !f $1 W ^ é fti W <É>
AA WA AA
AAAAA AAA
Al A% A A
AA
A
A A A^

A A %A
AAA AAA
±A A £> <^ A
A A W A &| 1A

^^B l^HI Q B^B ^BB
--;.:. i^S ;;f:;¡

1% A W^ A 1 S <É> I A - iMI A^
A A %: A A AV A A
• A ^A
AA A mA A
A %A
ÍLÍ A A^A "'& A A
&^ A
A AA I
^A ¡A A W A
AAA AAA ^ fi
fi Á, W & | II

1 I* r "6t 1 r-i • n— jf.-^::- f1
E
AAAW4fc A Al
AA A A* % AAA
% A; A *
AA
AA ñ.
A A Ü AA HB ¡§w BH

a s^ ^A :^ A =H= <^>
AAA A<¿
A AAA
Á .fl*
AA

I

37

Castling

Castling is a move with king and rook at the same time: • The king moves two squares to the side
• The rook jumps over the king

Castling offers safety to the king and brings the rook into play.

AAA AAA AAA A A A: AAA A A Al
! *_.!__ i

before castling after castling kingside after castling queenside

You may not castle:

AAA A A Al AAA A AAA A A A!
A A

If the king has moved (even If the rook has moved (even If one of your own (or your
if he is onel again). if he is on hl again) opponent's) pieces is in the

way.

1

AAA AAA A AA AAA w A A;
AA

If the king is in check. If the king passesthrough If the king will be in check
check. after castling.

If it is only the rook which is
attacked then you may castle.

In the lower left diagram
White may castle kingside,
but not queenside.

AAA . i. A
AA

38 First step

Rules of the game Castling: A

áA AAA AAA A A i áÁ

AAA A AA AA J.A
AA
A A A;

May White castle kingside? May Black castle kingside? May White castle kingside?

o yes o no o yes o no o yes o no

ii Á Ai i1 A á

A tí A
A AA A A A A
AAA

May Black castle kingside? May White castle kingside? May White castle queenside?

O yes o no o yes o no o yes o no

ri
ii
A A * A AAA A AAW AA A
A WAA %
ftá A
J.
A

A AA A A 4 s Á,
^ 4^
A AAA AA &A &
A AA
AAA AA &

May Black castle kingside? May White castle kingside? May Black castle queenside?

o yes o no o yes o no O yes O no

<sjs>

A AW A A A i A W AA A A AA$ AAA
* A J.4I A%
ft¿ 1
A A
A J. A W
A A A A A1
A A A A A A:

A^ A A
A A A AW A

May White castle queenside? May Black castle queenside? May White castle queenside?

o yes o no O yes O no o yes O no

39

Exchange and favourable exchange

4 The rook on e4 can move to, 13 3
at most, 14 different squares. 12 2
3 This is true from every 11 1
square on the board.
2
This bishop can move to, at
1 most, 13 different squares.

14 13 15 11 567 Its disadvantage is that it
must remain on one colour.
9 10
10 This knight can move to, at
most, 8 different squares. Its
extra strength is that it can 27 BB 3 6
jump.
26 2 5

25 1 4

24 23 22 21 ^ 7 8 9

17 13 10

5 2 This queen can move to, at 18 14 11
4 3 most, 27 different squares.
The queen is a very strong 19 15 12
20 16
piece.

List of valúes: O = 1 point ^J=3points JL= 3 points Ji = 5 points !§'= 9points

1 In the upper left, the black rook can take the white rook; White
recaptures. This is an exchange of rooks.

In the upper right, Black can take the white knight; White
recaptures with his pawn. This is an exchange of knights.

At the bottom left, the white queen can take the black queen; the
black rook recaptures. This is an exchange of queens.

At the bottom right, the white knight can take the black bishop; the
black pawn recaptures. This is an exchange of bishop for knight.

The favourable exchange

The white pawn takes the black queen on c6; the black pawn
recaptures. White gains 8points.

The black pawn takes the white rook on g6; the white pawn
recaptures. Black gains 4 points.

The white knight takes the black rook on a2; the black pawn takes
the white knight. White gains 2 points.

The black pawn takes the white bishop on g3; the knight
recaptures the pawn. Black gains 2 points.

40 First step

Material Favourable exchange: A

IX A AA

A AA AAA —

AA AA AA AA
AA AA

AA AAA

A AA AA AA
AA
JL A
AA A
^ A
A AA

AA A AA AA
%A AA

A A
A W AA
A

A Ai A AA
a <*!?

41

Material Favourable exchange: B

I AW I* I
AA
AAA AA AAA A A A A W A é> A
A A AA
% A fa A A
A AI
AAA A
AA A AW A
AA ¡A A
A&
A A A A A!
AA

A Oí A A A I A I é» • I AA
AA AA AA AA

AA AA AA A A
AA
mA rtty A AA
A
^ AW A A% A A
AA A
AA A&
A

A A A A |A A AA A
% A%

A & A& ' A J, A £>
A AAAA AW AAAA

li AA W AAA 1 AAA
A% A AA
AA A1A
AA
WA
AA AA
A

A AA

A |AA AAA

42 F/'rsí sfóp

Test •(§Ji) i! Repetition: D

JK rI 1ÉF

11 :'v^;i"E ::/; -;Á ! A AAA
ó ;, «• A i%

^ó. IH

A A ^AAA

Víate in one víate in one Going out of check

E : A Jl IÉF A W AAA A A A AA
A A %A A A A A% A

VA A %

& A^ % AA
A <5}
AAA AA AA A A: A
I I I, * AA
Giving check
Favourable exchange *J

May White castle kingside?

o yes o no

I W*4.ftK 1¿ lÉf
A AAAA
I J. A
A %
S
A AAA fl IH
*
A2 A
cS,
A * ™&_-_8H c^=3
'A
AA •nBrii
AAA AAA

fi Jl W <á> fl

Going out of check Víate in one Creating mate

• • sfe)
^3
A AA é AA A
% A AA
1
HA A un/ í^ A
^H 4B

i A A A :>- <¿> A A •1A
fl A ÍT A A ,
Mate in one a*
Giving check
Favourable exchange

43

Test Mix: B

mm. wG&S) 1 I+' • AAA I*"'
Am A AA AAA
AA A
AA AA A

: £} A A A ^
A A fi • A A A¡
;A A
A fl A AAA A A
¡m A JBB •• A<BáJR? A AÍT

Mate in one -avourable exchange May White castle kingside?

o yes o no

ISf tS&K 0 IW é1 é

A A AAA A
A AA *JL AA
% AA AA
A A A^ A n
£}ff
A AA A AAA
AA 1 A
A A A AA Defending m
«É5 I
A&
fi lt H

Going outofcheck Taking an unprotected piece

I 4l A E X IÉF 1A
2 Ae AA A
A* A W I é> A A A
U? : :: A
A AA
A A
• •& -A A
A <á?
AA &
fA '
A !•
AA
AA

Mate in one Goingout of check Mate in one

f ^W) • I1 1&

AW AAA A AAAA • I& AA A
AA A^ <ib
A
^A A£> A %
£A
AA A A ": "iDt
A
1 A. A A A 1 AAA AA
I
Favourable exchange Mate in one
Taking an unprotected piece

44 First step

The twofold attack 1
1

Ai left, the white rook I Twofold attacks are also
attacks the black bishop and carried out with other pieces.
can capture him.The black Now the black bishop is also It does not matter with which
bishop is unprotected. attacked by the white bishop. piece we take fírst. It is a
White takes on d5, Black question of taste.
At right, the black bishop is takes back, and White takes At left, White can take the
protected. The bishop is once again. bishop with the queen or the
attacked once and defended The black bishop is attacked knight.
once. This is sufficient. twice and defended once. At right, White can take the
White attacks the bishop
twice: the twofold attack. black knight with his bishop
or his knight.
In both cases White wins a
piece.

[A A &A i A i
AW

On the left, the black knight The twofold attack in this AAAA AAA
is defended only once. White diagram is tricky. It seems
attacks him twice. that the rook on a8 is only The white queen and the
White nevertheless must be once attacked. The rook on bishop both attack the pawn
careful how he takes. If he al assists so that White can on f7. The black king provi-
takes with the bishop he wins still win the rook. des the only protection. The
a pawn. At right, the queen on h7 queen must assist with the
On the right, Black must fírst assists in a twofold attack on protection of f7. The g-pawn
take with the rook. e4. can also move forward one
square.
A piece that is attacked
twice, but protected only
once must receive additional
support.

45

Material Taking a piece which is attacked twice: A

I 1 £1 1 11
iá 11 1 JL

A A A
A A A AA

A AA

Al 11

AA

A AA A AA A

I 1 é> 11 J.
1 111 11
1 % 1le
1 1 A 11

•'A AA AA 1A 1

?A Aá
A1
A A ' £1 A
B A
4? A «á?A A

11 11 111 1 J.1 11
111 11

1 %A 1

11 A . * AA

A A & AA
AA AA
A

AAA AAA

46 First step

Material Taking a piece which is attacked twice: B

AA

iá A iá

áA

A

AA

A A A AA A A AAA

I HA
A AA

iá A ^A
AA A
AA
£} A

A A & A A'

i- .. -.. ;—__ __—___ ^*~J -.

I A AAAA AAA
AA AAA

J.

AA
&A
AA W A

A A A J. A A A A A A AA A A AAA
A % 41A A A% A %

A AA l AA A
AA
AAA AAA AA AAA
A £i W A A A

47

Draw

Just as in soccer a chess game can end in a tie. A tied game is
called a draw. Both players receive half a point. The game is
finished.

When is a game drawn?
• If it is no longer possible for either side to checkmate (e.g. if

only the two kings remain on the board)
• If one side is in stalemate.

Stalemate

The white queen has comple- Two stalemates: on the left, The white king has no more
tely trapped the black king White is down a rook but moves. Yet White is not
but Black is not in check. gains a half point. stalemated. The pawn on h3
Unfortunately for White it is At right, Black is even a can move a step forward.
Black to move. The king is queen ahead, but because You are only stalemated if
not in check, but cannot White can make no move he absolutely no move is pos-
move. No other move is is stalemated. sible.
possible: Stalemate.

A ilf A

A

A

A

Black is totally tied down. 1 If your opponent has almost
Yet the game is not a draw! no pieces left, be careful for
To be stalemated it must be _ 'crazy' moves like this rook
Black to move. In this check on d2. White should
position it is White to move. In this game Black has cap- not take with the king.
He gives mate on b8 or h7. tured all White's pieces.
Quite an achievement!
Unfortunately, his last move
was rather stupid, since he
has stalemated White. That
means he gets half, instead of
a whole point.

Stalemate: • It is your turn to move, but you can make no legal move.
• You arenot in check.

First step

Rules of the game Mate, stalemate or play: A

ÁAA 1

ir A A

A

o mate o stalemate A AAA
o Black plays 1.... A
o mate o stalemate
o mate o stalemate o Black plays 1....
o Black plays 1....

AA AA

A A AA o mate o stalemate
O White plays 1.
A o mate o stalemate
o White plays 1. o mate o stalemate
o mate o stalemate o Black plays 1....
o Black plays 1.... AA
A1 AA
I A
AA
AA A AA AA
A
A o mate o stalemate A
o Black plays 1....
A AT
A AA A
K'1' H.
o mate o stalemate AA
O White plays 1. o mate o stalemate
AA o White plays 1.

A 49

o mate o stalemate
o White plays 1.