LANGUAGE FORMS & FUNCTIONS

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.1: ESTABLISHING CONTACT

1. To greet :
-Hello, David.
-How do you do, Aminah?
-Hi, how are you John?
-Good morning, Nicol.

2. To take leave :
-Please excuse me, I have to leave now.
-I’m sorry, I have to go now. See you tomorrow.
-Goodbye, John. See you tomorrow.
-I’m sorry I need to do something. See you tomorrow.

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.2: REQUESTING FOR INFORMATION

1. To clarify :
-Was she taking the books to the office?
-He’s not missing. He has gone to the library.
-Yes. She is in her office.
-Were they bringing their laptop to the seminar?

2. To request :
-May I have another biscuit, please?
-Please come and sit beside me.
-How does this sweater look?
-Can I try on?

3. To ask :
-May I ask you a question, please?
-Where is your teacher, dear trainees?
-Can I ask you something?
-How did the accident happened?

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.3 : GIVING INFORMATION

1. To claim :
-Yes, that is my handbag.
-Malaysians are well known for their hospitality.
-No, it’s not mine.
-That pen belongs to him.

2. To describe :
-She is slim, fair and tall.
-The room was rather small but beautifully decorated.
-The black forest cake is very delicious.
-The buildings look so beautiful.

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.4: RESPONDING TO OTHERS BEHAVIOUR / ACTIONS

1. To apologize :
-I’m sorry for being late.
-Please accept my apologies.
-I’m sorry, I’m new here.
-I’m sorry, I beg your pardon please.

2. To console :
-Don’t worry, try again next time.
-Cheer up! It’s not the end of the world.
-Don’t cry Hanna, I’m here for you.
-There is always a second chance, try your luck again.

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.5: INFLUENCING OTHERS BEHAVIOUR / ACTIONS

1. To urge :
-I urge you to stop smoking and gambling.
-You must go for that operation.
-Don’t disturb me, please.
-Stay there until I come and fetch you.

2. To suggest :
-I suggest we go to Hong Kong this year.
-I think you had better stay at home.
-I think we should move from here.
-I suggest you to buy a car rather than a motorcycle.

3. To blame :
-You are the one to be blame.
-It is your fault.
-You are the one who broke that lamp.
-I think you are the one who stole my eraser.

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.6: EXPRESSING EMOTIONS
1. Admiration :

-Wow! You look gorgeous tonight.
-John, I truly admire your strength of character.
-Wow! You look so gorgeous.
-Lina, you are my idol since I was young.

2. Disappointment :
-What a disappointing performance!
-I have seen better results than this.
-I can’t believe that it’s happened to me.
-Rahul can’t accept Sheena’s death.

3. Gratitude :
-I am very grateful of your help.
-I am very fortunate to have you as my dear friend.
-How lucky am I to be your girlfriend.
-I’m feeling lucky to work here.

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE FORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

1.6: EXPRESSING EMOTIONS
4. Sympathy :

-Oh, what’s a pity!
-I’m sorry to hear that you lost your money.
-My condolences to you.
-I sympathies with you.

5. Preferences :
-I prefer to visit India rather than Australia.
-This is better than that one.
-Blue is more suitable for you.
-You look nice when you are in traditional attire.

6. Appreciation :
-Thanks for your support.
-It was kind of you to offer help.
-I appreciate it.
-You are very kindhearted.

MOREEXAMPLESOFLANGUAGEFORMS AND FUNCTIONS;

 To agree  To concern  To advice

 To volunteer  To promise  To agree

 To disagree  To confirm  To declare

 To decide  To blame  To inform

 To take leave  To express satisfaction  To reject

 To decline  To refuse  To accuse

 To defend  To warn  To offer

 To forgive  To announce  To encourage

 To remind  To propose  To express interest

 To protest  To express envy  To regret

 To appeal  To welcome  To explain