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LABORATORIUM MANAJEMEN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN
PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN
FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
KASUS: Teori Penentuan Jumlah Pegawai
1. Indeks tenaga kerja pekerjaan tersebut di SNI (yang kami pakai SNI 2007), yaitu :
Tenaga Kerja :
Pekerja 0,60
Tukang Batu 0,20
Kepala Tukang 0,02
Mandor 0,03
Menentukan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja adalah :
............. x ............. m2 = ............... hari pekerja
............. x ............. m2 = ............... hari Tukang Kayu
............. x ............. m2 = ............... hari Kepala Tukang
............. x ............. m2 = ............... hari Mandor
Sehingga apabila pekerjaan pembangunan pagar tembok seluas 600 m2 tersebut
akan dikerjakan selama 50 hari, maka jumlah tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan
sebagai berikut :
.................. hari : .................... = ................... dibulatkan ................ pekerja
.................. hari : .................... = ................... dibulatkan ................ Tukang Batu
.................. hari : .................... = ................... dibulatkan ................ Kepala Tukang
.................. hari : .................... = ................... dibulatkan ................ pekerja
2. Teori yang dipakai untuk menentukan kebutuhan tenaga kerja adalah
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Langkah-langkahnya adalah
a. Langkah Pertama: .........................................................................................................
b. Langkah Kedua: .............................................................................................................
c. Langakah Ketiga: ...........................................................................................................
d. Langkah Keempat: .........................................................................................................
e. Langkah Kelima: ............................................................................................................
f. Langkah Keenam: ..........................................................................................................
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Kompensasi
1. Tindakan apa yang kemungkinan akan dilakukan oleh karyawan Indomarda?
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2. Diskusikan kompensasi apa saja yang sebaiknya diberikan oleh pengelola
Indomarda untuk mewujudkan rasa adil dalam perspektif para karyawan?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
3. Apa sebaiknya yang dilakukan oleh pengelola Indomarda untuk meningkatkan
kinerja pegawai melalui kompensasi?
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Pedoman Wawancara Peringatan dan Pemberhentian
Karyawan
Sebagai atasan yang berwenang seandainya anda pak Azhar, dalam menangani
situasi seperti itu.
1. Apa saja kesalahan yang telah dilakukan pak Azhar, sehingga malah mendapat
cacian dari stafnya yang bernama Herman?
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Tunjukan Langkah-langkah kesalahan dalam Pedoman Wawancara
Pemberhentian
Langkah Pertama : ..............................................................................................................................
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Langkah Kedua : ..................................................................................................................................
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Langkah Ketiga : ..................................................................................................................................
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Langkah Keempat : .............................................................................................................................
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Langkah Kelima : .................................................................................................................................
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Langkah Keenam : ...............................................................................................................................
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2. Apa saja yang seharusnya dilakukan untuk melakukan pertemuan itu?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Hambatan Dalam Proses Wawancara
1. Kesalahan apa yang terjadi pada proses wawancara tersebut?
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Tunjukan Kesalahan pada Proses Wawancara:
a. Persiapan : .......................................................................................................................................
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b. Pengarahan : .................................................................................................................................
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c. Penyelenggaraan Wawancara : ..............................................................................................
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d. Menutup wawancara : ...............................................................................................................
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e. Penilaian : .......................................................................................................................................
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
2. Bagaimana seharusnya wawancara tersebut dilakukan oleh perusahaan?
a. Persiapan : .....................................................................................................................................
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b. Pengarahan : .................................................................................................................................
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c. Penyelenggaraan Wawancara : .............................................................................................
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d. Menutup Wawancara : ..............................................................................................................
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e. Penilaian : .......................................................................................................................................
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3. Jelaskan mengapa Sheila Aryani, bukan Randi Gunawan yang harus mengambil
keputusan seleksi?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Kinerja dan Benchmarking Sumber Daya Manusia
1. Terangkan bagaimana benchmarking sumberdaya manusia berhubungan dengan
produktivitas, pelayanan dan kualitas di Trangsan Furniture Company.
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2. Bagaimana hasil dari benchmarking bisa digunakan untuk membuat perubahan
organisasi pada Trangsan Furniture Company
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Program Induksi
1. Bagaimana keterlibatan organisasi informal dalam kasus ini, jelaskan?
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Tunjukkan dengan tugas dan pekerjaan yang harus dipahami:
a. Sejarah perusahaan, misi, visi dan Tujuan :........................................................................
b. Ruang Lingkup dan Semua kegiatan yang dilakukan : .................................................
c. Deskripsi dan Spesifikasi pekerjaan/jabatan :...................................................................
d. Rekan sekerja, atasan atau bawahan yang dipimpin :...................................................
e. Berbagai aturan yang tertulis atau tidak tertulis yang telah disepakati
bersama ...........................................................................................................................................
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f. Perlunya kerjasama tim/kelompok yang baik...................................................................
g. Organisasi informal .....................................................................................................................
2. Saudara sebagai manajer, apa yang akan dilakukan sehubungan dengan
permasalahan tersebut.
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Perekrutan Pegawai
1. Dengan menggunakan model recruiting yield pyramid, tentukan berapa jumlah
pengontak awal yang harus diusahakan oleh perusahaan jika tahun depan
perusahaan benar-benar harus merekrut 30 orang karyawan baru!
Perbandingan Calon Karyawan Perusahaan yang diberikan yaitu:
a. Penawaran dengan Karyawan Baru adalah .......... Orang (...... : ......) atau (....... :
.......)
b. Karyawan yang diwawancarai dengan calon yang diberikan penawaran
perusahaan adalah .......... orang (......... : ..........) atau (.......... : ..........)
c. Calon karyawan yang diundang untuk diwawancarai dengan calon karyawan
yang senyatanya diwawancarai adalah ........... orang (........ : ........) atau (......... :
...........)
d. Calon karyawan yang pertama kali mengontak perusahaan dengan calon yang
benar-benar diundang adalah ......... orang (.......... : ..........) atau (.......... : .........)
2. Jika perusahaan juga akan merekrut 3 manajer, metode rekrutmen yang diyakini
paling tepat untuk mendapatkan manajer terbaik?
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
3. Jika perusahaan juga akan merekrut 3 manajer, sumber rekrutmen yang diyakini
paling tepat untuk mendapatkan manajer terbaik?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
Sumber Keuntungan Kerugian
Rekrutmen
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Job Description & Job Specification
1. Nama jabatan/pekerjaan : ........................................................................................................
2. Nama pemegang jabatan : ......................................................................................................
3. Nama unit kerja (bagian) : ........................................................................................................
4. Tugas pekerjaan (dalam bagian ini harus dijelaskan/dirinci tugas-tugas yang harus
dilakukan oleh pemegang jabatan :
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5. Tanggung jawab (bagian ini menjelaskan hasil kerja yang harus
siap/selesai, mengawasi/memimpin satu atau sekelompok karyawan yang
merupakan bawahannya “langsung” :
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6. Hubungan kerja (hubungan-hubungan/komunikasi dengan orang lain dalam
pelaksanaan tugas-tugasnya, bisa dengan rekan-rekan kerja yang setingkat,
dengan atasan, bawahan, unit kerja lain atau dengan orang-orang dari luar
perusahaan, selama urusannya tentang pekerjaan) :
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: PIC
1. Mengapa kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan reschedule?
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2. Apa yang Anda lakukan sebagai PIC sehubungan dengan permasalahan tersebut?
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3. Apa yang seharusnya dilakukan perusahaan agar permasalahan serupa tidak
terulang kembali ?
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: LAPORAN KEUANGAN
1. Susunlah laporan Rugi-Laba tahun 2014 dan 2015!
2014 2015
*
Penjualan
Bersih/Penerimanaa
HPP: Biaya Bahan *
baku
Upah Tenaga Kerja *
Langsung
Operasional Pabrik *
jumlah *
Penyusutan *
Jumlah *
Laba Kotor *
Biaya Operasional
Biaya penjualan *
Biaya Adm. & *
Umum
Jumlah *
Laba Sebelum Bunga & Pajak *
Bunga *
Laba sebelum pajak *
pajak *
Laba bersih *
NB: *) yang harus diisi
Praktikum Manajemen 1
2. Bagaimana kinerja keuangan perusahaan tersebut, cukup baikkah? Sertakan
alasan!
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
3. Kalau harus menambah modal, berapa penambahannya?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS : WACC
1. Biaya modal dari utang bank (cost of debt)
a. Cost of debt = ...............................................................................................................................
Maka biaya modal dari utang bank = .................................................................................
Rumus :
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
i = ..................................................................................................................................
Atau cara kedua
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
b. Biaya modal dari saham preferen (cost of preferred stock)
Rumus :
p
p
c. Biaya modal dari saham biasa (cost of common stock)
Rumus :
s biasa
aka s biasa
d. Biaya modal dari laba ditahan (cost of retained earnings)
Stuktur modal dari laba ditahan
Rumus :
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
Jadi, biaya modal dari laba ditahan adalah sebesar.......................................................
e. Biaya modal rata-rata tertimbang (WACC)
Rumus :
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WACC = ..........................................................................................................................................
WACC = ..........................................................................................................................................
KASUS : TIME VALUE OF MONEY
1. Diminta untuk menganalisis masing-masing alternative pembayaran. Cara
pembayaran angsuran manakah yang paling ringan. Berilah alasan !
a. Mengangsur setiap tahun selama sepuluh tahun dengan tingkat bunga 10%
Diketahui: Pv = ....................................
i = ....................................
n = ....................................
Ditanya: ...............................................?
Jawaban:
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b. Mendapatkan tenggang waktu pembayaran (grace periode) dua tahun dengan
5% dan mulai membayar tahun ketiga sampai sepuluh tahun berikutnya
dengan bunga 10%.
Grace Periode
Th 1 Th 2 Th 3
dst
100jt 5% 100jt 5% 10%
Praktikum Manajemen 1
- Selama grace periode tentang menjadi
Diketahui: Pv =.........................................
i =...........................................
n =.........................................
Ditanya: .............................................?
Jawaban:
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- Mengangsur dari th ke 3 s/d 10 (A = ?)
Diketahui: Pv = ...................................
i = ....................................
n = ...................................
Ditanya: Capital Recovery Factor (A = .....?)
Jawaban:
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c. Membayar Lunas pada akhir th ke 10
Diketahui: PV= .......................................
i = ..........................................
n =...........................................
Ditanya: ........................................................?
Jawaban:
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
2. Berapa pendapatan penjualan selama sepuluh tahun tersebut kalau dihitung nilai
sekarang (PV)?
a. Diketahui: ...............................................................................
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Ditanya : ...................................................................................
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Jawab:
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS : Penilaian Investasi Pada Aktiva Tetap
Sebelum memilih metode penilaian investasi, terlebih dahulu harus dicari
berapa besarnya pengeluaran investasi pertama kali (initial investment) arus kas
bersih. Dalam hal ini, pengeluaran investasi berupa harga mesin ditambah dengan
biaya transportasi dan biaya pemasangan (.................... + .....................). Adapun aliran
kas bersih dihitung sebagai berikut:
Perhitungan arus kas bersih
(dalam jutaan rupiah)
0 Tahun 3 4 56
12 260 240 220
a. Arus Kas Awal 240 240 260
Harga Aktiva Baru
Pengeluaran yang
dikapitulasi
Sub Total
b. Arus kas
operasional
Pendapatan
Biaya Operasional
Depresiasi
Laba Sebelum
Pajak
Pajak 25%
Laba setelah Pajak
Depresiasi
Sub Total
c. Arus kas
terminasi
Nilai sisa (salvage
Value)
Pajak terhadap nilai
sisa 25%
Sub total
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
Jadi Arus kas bersih adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Arus kas keluar : ......................................................................................................
2. Arus kas masuk : .....................................................................................................
Tahun Arus kas Bersih (Rp)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Dihitung dengan NPV:
Tahun Arus Kas DF (14%) PV dari Arus Kas
1 Jumlah
2
3
4
5
6
Rumus :
PV : PV dari Arus Kas + Arus Keluar
: ................................... + .....................................
: ...............................................................................
Praktikum Manajemen 1
Penjelasan:
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Cost Of Capital dan Wighted Average Cost Of Capital
(WACC)
Kasus II:
NO Dampak Pada
Kd Ks WACC
1 Tatif Pajak Perusahaan diturunkan
2 Perusahaan menggunakan lebih banyak hutang
sehingga rasio hutang terhadap assetnya
meningkat
3 Rasio Pembayaran dividen meningkat
4 Perusahaan memperluas ke daerah baru yang
berisiko
5 Bursa saham mengalami penurunan drastis dan
harga saham perusahaan ikut mengalami
penurunan seperti yang lain
KASUS II: WACC
2. Biaya modal dari utang bank (cost of debt)
f. Cost of debt = ...............................................................................................................................
Maka biaya modal dari utang bank = .................................................................................
Rumus :
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
i = ..................................................................................................................................
Praktikum Manajemen 1
Atau cara kedua
obligasi
obligasi
obligasi
g. Biaya modal dari saham preferen (cost of preferred stock)
Rumus :
p
p
h. Biaya modal dari saham biasa (cost of common stock)
Rumus :
s biasa
aka s biasa
i. Biaya modal dari laba ditahan (cost of retained earnings)
Stuktur modal dari laba ditahan
Rumus :
Jadi, biaya modal dari laba ditahan adalah sebesar .......................................................
j. Biaya modal rata-rata tertimbang (WACC)
Rumus :
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WACC = ..........................................................................................................................................
WACC = ..........................................................................................................................................
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS III:
1. Biaya modal (Cost of Capital) per komponen sumber dana:
Ks =
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Kp =
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Kd = Kd ( 1 – t )
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2. Perhitungan WACC:
Sumber dana Proporsi COC WACC : Proporsi modal x COC
Komponen
Modal
Utang Jangka
Panjang
Saham Preferen
Saham Biasa
WACC
Jadi WACC = ............................................................................................................
Praktikum Manajemen 1
3. Tambahan modal per komponen sumber dana agar WACC tetap:
Sumber Dana Proporsi Tambahan Modal per Komponen Modal
Utang Jangka Panjang Komponen
Modal
Saham Preferen
Saham Biasa
Jumlah Tambahan Modal
Pembuktian:
Cara I:
Sumber dana Proporsi COC WACC : Proporsi modal x COC
Utang Jangka Panjang Komponen
Modal
Saham Preferen
Saham Biasa
WACC
Atau Cara II:
Sumber dana Tambahan COC Jumlah Tambahan Biaya Modal
Utang Jangka Panjang Modal Baru Baru
Saham Preferen
Saham Biasa
Jumlah
WACC = ................................... : ...............................................
: .....................................................................................
: ....................................................................................
Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
4. Manakah proyek yang sebaiknya diterima LEI? Mengapa?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS : Analisa Leverage
a. Hitunglah derajat leverage operasi (DOL) perusahaan!
Jawaban:
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b. Hitunglah derajat leverage keuangan (DFL) perusahaan!
Jawaban:
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c. Hitunglah derajat leverage kombinasi (DCL) perusahaan!
Jawaban:
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d. Berapa tingkat break even perusahaan dalam dollar penjualan?
Jawaban:
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
e. Bila penjualan meningkat sebesar 30%, berapa persen kenaikan EBIT, berapa
besarnya EAT?
Jawaban:
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f. Buatlah laporan keuangan yang memverifikasi perhitungan bagian E tersebut!
Jawaban:
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Konsep Produk (Bibit Jagung Dekalb)
1. Apa keunggulan dan pengembangan produk bibit jagung yang digabung dengan
obat pembasmi rumput tersebut? Berikan penjelasan secara detail!
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
2. Apa kelemahan dari pengembangan produk bibit jagung yang digabung dengan
obat pembasmi rumput tersebut? Berikan penjelasan secara detail!
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Distribusi
Apa yang harus dilakukan Supermarket Assalaam untuk menjaga agar hubungan
bisnis dengan pemasok yang kuat tetap menguntungkan perusahaan?
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Pengembangan Strategi Harga Kasus Strategi Harga Produk
Mebel
Diskusikan strategi harga dari produk ini dengan mempertimbangkan segmentasi
dan positioning dari produk ini!
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Komunikasi Pemasaran
Berikan penjelasan tentang strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang sebaiknya dilakukan
oleh PT Pegadaian untuk mencapai hal tersebut!
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: SEGEMENTASI PASAR
Jika anda menjadi manajer pemasaran Bank BPD DIY, segmen mana yang menjadi
fokus aktivitas pemasaran Bank BPD dan apa alasannya?
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
KASUS: Bisnis Retail
Persaingan bisnis di industri ritel cenderung semakin ketat, bukan hanya dalam
lingkup pasar tradisional, tapi juga di ritel modern dan hal ini bisa terlihat dari
persaingan frontal antara Indomaret dan Alfamart. Selain itu, ada juga sejumlah
persaingan bisnis ritel yang berskala lebih besar dengan radius yang tidak terlalu jauh
sehingga juga terkesan frontal. Bagaimana pendapat Anda terhadap fenomena ini?
Jelaskan!
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Buku 2 – Lembar Jawab
KASUS: Analisis Pesaing
1. Tentukan satu hotel syariah untuk mengisi kolom “Gran Seriti a ani Hotels
Yogyakarta” ja ikan hotel tersebut sebagai hotel utama yang akan melakukan
analisis pesaing.
2. Kolom A, B, C, D dan E silahkan dilengkapi dengan nama hotel syariah lainnya.
Soal:
1. Jelaskan analisis pesaing dengan menggunakan table diatas (perspektif
pelanggan)
2. Jelaskan analisis pesaing dengan menggunakan kerangka manajerial (Gambar
1).
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Praktikum Manajemen 1
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