: 33023 42
: 33023 43 ®nª¥µ¦Á¦ ¸ ¥¦¼o ¸É2 ¦nµ£µ¡n°µ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo æ¦o µ °®nª¥ ¤µ¦µµ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o ¤µ¦µ¸É4.3 ¤¸ªµ¤¦¼oªµ¤ÁoµÄ´¬³Â¨³Á·¸É¸Á¸É¥ª´«·¨³Â¨³»¦¸¥£µ¡ ¨µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o¸Éµ®ª´ 1. °·µ¥ª·¸µ¦´Á¨º°¤»¤ª·¸µ¦¦nµ£µ¡n°ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÅo 2. °·µ¥´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÅo 3. ªµÁo·nµÇ¸ÉÁ}¡ºÊµÄµ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÅo ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥ ° nµ¥ÁºÊ°®µ °¸É1 µ¦´Á¨º°¤»¤Â¨³ª·¸µ¦¦nµ£µ¡n°ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo °¸É2 ´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo Á¦ºÉ°¸É2.1 ´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo Á¦É° º ¸É2.2 Áo¨³¡ºÊµµ¦ªµÁo·nµÇ Áª¨µ¸ÉÄoĵ¦«¹¬µ 13 ´ÉªÃ¤ ºÉ°µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o 1. »µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨¦µ¥ª·µÁo...¦oµ¦¦r: »ÎµÅo¦®´¦µ¥ª·µ33023 ¦³´¤´¥¤«¹¬µ°¨µ¥ ·¦¦¤µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o 1. «¹¬µ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥µ»µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨ 2. ·´··¦¦¤ÄÂn¨³°µ¤¸Éε® 3. «¹¬µ®µªµ¤¦¼oÁ¡·É¤Á·¤µ°·Á°¦rÁÈÄ®´ª o°ª·¸µ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo®¦º°µªµÁ ¸¥ ¨³´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo ¦³Á¤·¨ ¦³Á¤·¨oª¥Á°µµ¦Îµ·¦¦¤µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o¨³ÎµÂ°Ä»µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨ ¨oª¦ª°Îµ°µÎµÁ¨¥oµ¥Á¨n¤
: 33023 44
: 33023 45
: 33023 46 µ¦´Á¨º°¤»¤Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡®»n·É µ¦ªµ£µ¡®»n·Éo°Äoª·¸µ¦´®»n·ÉÄ®oÁ}¸ɵ¤µ¦ª»¤·«µ °Â¨³Áµ¸É¤µ ¦³®»n·ÉoÂoª¥´ª¼oªµÁ°Åo ¹Ê°¥¼n´ªµ¤°ªµ¤¡°Ä °¼oªµªnµ³o°µ¦ªµ£µ¡ ®»n·É¤»¤Ä®¦º°¦¼Â °®»n·ÉÂÄÈ´®µ¤µÁ}ªµÅo £µ¡Âµ¦´®»n·ÉŪoÁ}Âĵ¦ªµ£µ¡Ã¥µ¤µ¦ª»¤ÂÁµ¸É¦³Â®»n ·ÉÅo ª·¸µ¦¦nµ£µ¡n°ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo µ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÃ¥Á¡µ³µ¦ªµ£µ¡¦¼ÂÁ®¤º°¦· (Realistic)³Ä®o¦³ ªµ¤ÎµÁ¦ÈĨµº°o°Ä®oªµ¤Îµ´´µ¦¦nµÃ¦¦oµ °£µ¡oµ¦nµÃ¦¦oµÅ¤n¼´nª ¨³³·Á¡¸Ê¥¨°Å¹Â¤o³Ä®oÊε®´ °Â¨³Áµ¸É¸Á¡¸¥Å¦£µ¡¸ÉªµÁ¦Èȳ·Á¡¸Ê¥Åµ¤ æ¦oµ¸É¦nµÅªo·Ân¦¨oª´´Êæ¦oµ °£µ¡³¼o° ¹Ê°¥¼n´´nª °£µ¡¹ εÁ}o°¦¼o¹ª·¸µ¦ª´´nª °£µ¡ ª·¸µ¦ª´´nª °£µ¡¸É³ªµ ª·¸µ¦ª´´nª °£µ¡¸É³ªµÃ¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µÁ}µ¦Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª ° £µ¡ª´»®¦º°®»n¸É³ªµÁ¡ºÉ°¥n°¨Ân¦³µ¬Ä®oÅoªµ¤¼o°µ¤´nª¦· °ª´»®¦º°®»n¸É ³ªµÃ¥µ¦Äo·°¸Éªµ£µ¡ª´¦³¥³¼oªµ³o°´·°Ä¨´¬³´Ê¦Âªµ®¦º°´Ê° ª¦µÂ¨³¥ºÉ¤º°°°Å»¨µ¥Â Ä®o µ´¡ºÊ·¡¦o°¤´Ê®¨´µ oµ®¹ÉÄ®oµ°¸ oµ®¹É ¤°nµ·°Å¥´ª´»®¦º°®»n¸É³ªµ¤°Á®È´Ê·°Â¨³ª´»¸É³ªµ¡¦o°¤Ç´Îµ®¦³¥³ °nªÄnª®¹É °ª´»Á}Ár宦´ª´Á¡ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´¦³¥³°ºÉÇÄ£µ¡ª´»Ê· ´Ên°Å
: 33023 47 ´ª°¥nµµ¦ªµ£µ¡µÊεµ Ã¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µ¤¸ª·¸µ¦ª´´nªµ¤ ´Ê°´¸Ê ´Ê°¸É1 ª´¦³¥³ªµ¤¼ °µÊεµÃ¥¼oªµª¦Îµ®Áo¨µÂª´Êµ °¦¼¦µÊε µ®¹ÉÁoεÅoÃ¥Äo¤º°´·°´Ê ¹ÊÁ}ª´Êµ´¡ºÊ·¥ºÉ ¸ÉÄo´·°Å oµ®oµÄ®o »Â ¨³ µ´¡ºÊÄo®´ªÂ¤n¤º°Îµ®Åªo¸É °oµ¨nµ °¦¼¦µÊεµÂ¨³Îµ®nª» Ūo¸É¨µ¥·°³Åoªµ¤¼ °¦¼¦µÊεµÎµ¦³¥³ªµ¤¼¸ÉÅo¤µªµÁoª´Êªµ¤¼ ° µÊ嵨Ân¦³µ¬¸É³ªµÃ¥Îµ®ÁoÄ®oÁ®¤µ³¤´¦³µ¬Â¨³µ¦´°r¦³° ° £µ¡£µ¡¦³° ´ £µ¡Âª·¸ª´¦³¥³ µªµ¤¼£µ¡Âµ¦Îµ¦³¥³ªµ¤¼ °µÊεµ °¦¼¦µÊεµ¸Éª´¦³¥³Åonµ¥°¨¦³µ¬¸Éªµ ´Ê°¸É2 ª´¦³¥³ªµ¤ªoµ °µÊεµÃ¥µ¦´·°Á}ª° µ´¡ºÊ¥ºÉ ¸É´ ·°°°ÅÄ®o»Â Ã¥µ¦Îµ®Ä®o¨µ¥·°· °oµoµ¥ °¦¼¦µÊεµÂ¨³Îµ® ·Êª®´ªÂ¤n¤º°°¥¼noµ ªµ» °¦¼¦µÊεµÈ³Åoªµ¤ªoµ °¦¼¦µÊεµ(oµ¼oªµ´¤º°oµ¥È Ä®o宦´ oµ¤´) n°µ´ÊÄ®o妳¥³ªµ¤ªoµ °¦¼¦µÊεµ¸É¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µÅo¤µ ε®´nªªµ¤ªoµ °¦¦µ ¼ Ê嵨Ân¦³µ¬¸É³ªµÂ¨³ª´¦³¥³nª °ºÉǸÉÁ®¨º°(¸É´µÊεµ) Ã¥µ¦Á¸¥Á¸¥nª®¹É´°¸nª®¹É¨oª¦nµ£µ¡Ã¦¦oµ¦¼¦ Á¦ µ· °µÊ嵨Ân¦³µ¬¸Éªµ¸¨³nªÁ¦È´£µ¡¦³°oµ¨nµ
: 33023 48 £µ¡Âµ¦ª´¦³¥³µªµ¤ªoµ °µÊεµ£µ¡Âµ¦Îµ¦³¥³ªµ¤ªoµ °µÊεµ¸É Ã¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µÄo·°Á}¦³¤µÅooª¥µ¥µ¤µnµ¥°¦³¥³¨Ä °»¦rnª¥Îµ®¦³¥³ ¦³µ¬¸Éªµ ´Ê°¸É3 µ¦¦nµ£µ¡µÊεµµ¦³¥³¸É¦³¤µÅo²Á¤ºÉ°Åo¦³¥³´nªªµ¤¼Â¨³ªµ¤ªoµ ° µÊεµ¸É¼o°Â¨oª¹³¨¤º°ªµÁoÂn¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡µÊεµÃ¥µ¦¨ÁoÁ}¦¼¦ Á¦ µ·º°¦¼¦¨¤n°n°µ´ÊÈÄ®o¦´Áo¤¸ªµ¤Ão¤µ¤¦¼ °µÊεµµ¤¸Éµ¥µ¼oªµ £µ¡¤°Á®Èn°Åª¦ªµÁoÄ®o¤¸Êε®´°n°Änª¸É¼Â´Â¨³ªµÁoÄ®o¤¸Êε®´Á o¤Änª¸É Á}Áµ³ÎµÄ®oÁo¤¸ÂÁµ°¥¼nÄ´ªÁ° £µ¡Âµ¦ªµÁoÁ}ª¨¤¨£µ¡Âµ¦ªµÁoÄ®o¤¸¦¼¦nµÁ®¤º°µÊεµ ´nª¸É¦³¤µÅoµªµ¤¼Â¨³ µ¤¸Éµ¥µ¤°Á®ÈµÊ嵦· ªµ¤ªoµ °µÊεµ ®¤µ¥Á®»µ¦ª´´nªÃ¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µª·¸¸Êª¦¦³ª´Äµ¦ª´¼oªµo°´·°¥ºÉ Įo¤¸ªµ¤¥µª °Â ¸É®µ¥ºÉ Ťn»¨µ¥Â ³ÎµÄ®oµ¦ª´¦´Ên°Å·¡¨µÅo¨°
: 33023 49 ε®n¸É¼oªµ£µ¡¥º®¦º°´Éªµª¦³o°Á}»Á·¤¹³ª´´nªªµ¤¼ªµ¤ªoµ °£µ¡ ª´»¸ÉªµÅoŤn·¡¨µÅo µ¦ª´´nª¦¼¦ °ª´»¸ÉÁ}Âĵ¦ªµ£µ¡Ä®oÄoª·¸ª´Á¡ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª3 ª·¸´¸Ê 1. µ¦ª´´nªÁ¡ºÉ°µ¦®µÎµÂ®n¨µ£µ¡µ¤ªµ¤¼ °¦¼¦¸É³ªµ ¦ª¤´Êµ¦Îµ®ªµ¤¼oµÂ¨³oµ¨nµÁ¡ºÉ°³Åo¦¼onª¼´Ê®¤nª¥Ä®oªµ£µ¡Å¤nÁ· ¦°¦³µ¬¸Éªµn°µ´Ê¹Á¡·É¤Áo¦nµÂ¨³ªµ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥°ºÉÇÄ®o¼o°µ¤¸É¤°Á®È£µ¡¦· Äo°Šn £µ¡Âµ¦Îµ®ÎµÂ®n¨µ£µ¡£µ¡Âµ¦nµ¥°¦³¥³¸Éª´®µ´nªÅo °oŤo¸É³ªµ£µ¡ ¨Ân¦³µ¬¸É³ªµ£µ¡oŤo 2. µ¦ª´´nªÃ¥ÄoÁo´Ê¦Â¨³Áoª¦µ º°µ¦Äo·°Îµ®oµ¸ÉÁ}Áo´Ê¦®¦º°Á}Áoª¦µÁ¡ºÉ°ª´Á¦¸¥Á¸¥Â¨³¦ª° ªµ¤¼o° °ÎµÂ®nnµÇĦ¼¦ °£µ¡¸Éªµ £µ¡Âµ¦¦ª°ªµ¤¼oª¥·°µ¤Âª¦µ °£µ¡ª´»¸É³ªµ
: 33023 50 3. µ¦ª´´nªÃ¥µ¦Á¦¸¥Á¸¥ º°µ¦ª´Ã¥Äoªµ¤¥µª °·°Åε®nªÄnª®¹É °Â¦¼¦¸É³ªµÂ¨oª εÅÁ¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª°ºÉÇĦ³¥³ªµ¤¥µª¸ÉÁnµ´Á¡ºÉ°µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸´nª¸É¼o°n°Å £µ¡Âµ¦ª´Ã¥µ¦Á¦¸¥Á¸¥nªÄnª®¹É °¦¼¦´nª°ºÉÇ °¦¼¦Á¸¥ª´ ¦»µ¦³Îµ´ ¦¼Â¤»¤¤°Äµ¦¤°Á®È£µ¡¸É¤¸n°µ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¤¸3 ¦¼Âº°1. ¤»¤¤°Âµ ¤°Ä¦³´··¥¤Äo¤»¤¤°¸Êĵ¦ªµ£µ¡2. ¤»¤¤°Âµ¤°º°¤°µ¸É¼¨¼n¸ÉÉε 3. ¤¤¤°Âµ¤¤° » º°¤°µ¦³´Éε ¹Êżn¸É¼ªnµ¤»¤¤°¦¼Â¸É2 ¨³3 Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡ Ä®o¼o°Åo¥µ¤µo°°µ«´¥ªµ¤Îµµ¹³ªµÅ¤n·Á¡¸Ê¥ µ¦´Á¨º°¤»¤Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡Ã¥Äo¦³µ¬Â ÈÁµ³Á}n°¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤ºoµÁ®¤µ³Îµ®¦´µ¦ n°®µ¤»¤ªµ£µ¡·ª´«r»¦¼Â¸É°¸ÉÁ®Èªnµª¥µ¤ÄoÁ}¤»¤Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡·ª´«rn°Å µ¦¦nµ£µ¡n°µ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áoo°¦nµÃ¦¦oµ °£µ¡Ä®o¼´nª£µ¡¸Éªµ³Å¤n ·Á¡¸Ê¥ª·¸ª´´nªÃ¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µÁ}µ¦Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª °ª´»¸É³ªµÁ¡ºÉ°¥n°¨ ¦³µ¬Ä®oÅoªµ¤¼°µ¤ o ´nª¦·´Êªµ¤¼Â¨³ªµ¤ªoµ °¦¼¦ª´»®¹É¨³¦³®ªnµ ¦¼¦ª´»Ä¨oÁ¸¥´oª¥
: 33023 51 ª·¸ª´´nª °¦¼¦3 ª·¸º°1.µ¦ª´Á¡ºÉ°®µÎµÂ®n¨µ£µ¡µ¤ªµ¤¼ °¦¼¦¸É³ ªµ2. µ¦ª´´nªÃ¥ÄoÁo´ÊµÂ¨³Áoª°3. µ¦ª´´nªÃ¥µ¦Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª ®¹É °¦¼¦ÅÁ¦¸¥Á¸¥´nª°ºÉÇĦ³¥³ªµ¤¥µª¸ÉÁnµ´ ·¦¦¤¸É1 °Îµµ¤n°Å¸Ê 1. ¤»¤Äµ¦¤°Á®È£µ¡3 ¦³´¦³°oª¥¤»¤¤°ÄoµÂn¨³¤»¤¤°¤¸®¨´µ¦¤°Á®È£µ¡Åo ÁnŦ¨³¤¸®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡Äµ¦¤°Á®È¦³´¸Ê°¥nµÅ¦(Ã¥Á ¸¥Â£¼¤·¸É¦³°oª¥»¤° (SP)»¦ª¤µ¥µ(VP)Áo¦³´µ¥µ (HL) .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................
: 33023 52 .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................
: 33023 53 2. µ¦´Á¨º°¤»¤Ã¥Äo¦³µ¬Â ÈÁµ³Á}n°¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤ºoµ¤¸ª·¸µ¦ÎµÂ¨³Äoª·¸¸Ê´Á¨º°¤»¤¤°Ä µ¦ªµ£µ¡°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3. °·µ¥ ´Ê°µ¦¦nµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áooª¥ª·¸µ¦ª´´nª °£µ¡Ã¥µ¦¦³¤µoª¥µ¥µ°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................
: 33023 54 °¸É2 ´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo Á¦ºÉ°¸É2.1 ´«¸¥£µ¡Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo ´«¸¥£µ¡(Perspective)ĵ¦ªµ£µ¡®¦º°Á ¸¥£µ¡·ª´«r£µ¡®»n·É£µ¡Á®¤º°Â¨³ £µ¡°ºÉÇÁ¦ºÉ° °´«¸¥£µ¡¤¸ªµ¤Îµ´n°µ¦Â°°°¥nµ¥·ÉÁ¡¦µ³Á}nª¦³°¸ÉεĮo£µ¡ ¤¸¤··¦³¥³Ä¨o¦³¥³Å¨Ä£µ¡Ã¥¤¸®¨´Äµ¦ªµº°·É¸É°¥¼nĨoµ³¤¸ µÄ®n·É¸É°¥¼nŨµ³¤¸ µÁ¨È ®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡3 º° 1. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â1 » (One Point Perspective) Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸»¦ª¤µ¥µ (VP) 1 »£µ¡¸Éªµ°°¤µ³¤¸¨´¬³¤°¨¹º°¤°Á®È ¦¼¦¸Éªµn°¥ÇÁ¨È¨Á oµ®µ»¦ª¤µ¥µ £µ¡Âµ¦ªµ£µ¡¸ÉÄo´«¸¥£µ¡Â»Á¸¥ª ®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡Â1 »¤¸ª·¸´¸Ê 1. ¸Áo¦³´µ¥µ(Eye Level)®¦º°Á¦¸¥ªnµÁo °¢jµ (Horizontal Line)¨¦³µ¬Ä ¦³´1/3 ´µoµ ° °¦³µ¬¨¤µÂ¨³Îµ®»¦ª¤µ¥µ VP (Vanishing Point)¨ Áo¦³´µ¥µ1 » £µ¡Âµ¦Îµ®»¦ª¤µ¥µÁo¦³´µ¥µ
: 33023 55
: 33023 56 4. ªµÁoÂn£µ¡µÃ¦¦oµ¸ÉÁ·Äo»¦ª¤µ¥µÄ®oÁ}£µ¡¸É¤¼¦r ¹Ê £µ¡Âµ¦ªµÁoÂn£µ¡µÃ¦¦oµ¸ÉÁ·Äo»¦ª¤µ¥µÄ®oÁ}£µ¡¸É¤¼¦r¨³¼o° µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡Â»Á¸¥ª 2. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â2 » (Two Point Perspective) Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸»¦ª¤µ¥µ (VP) 2 »Ä£µ¡³¤°Á®ÈÁo °¦¼¸Éªµ°¥¼noµ®oµÂ¨³ Á®ÈÁooµ oµ´Ê2 oµ¦¼¦¸Éªµ³¤°Á®Èªnµ¤¸¨´¬³Á¦¸¥ªÁ¨È¨Á oµ®µ»¦ª¤µ¥µ´Ê2 » ®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡Â2 »¤¸ª·¸´¸Ê 1. Á¦·É¤oÃ¥µ¦ ¸Áo¦³´µ¥µ HL¨¦³µ¬ªµ£µ¡°¥nµÁµÇĦ³´½´µ oµ ° °¦³µ¬¨¤µÂ¨oªÎµ®»¦ª¤µ¥µ VP¨Áo¦³´µ¥µ´Ê2 oµº°oµoµ¥ ¨³oµ ªµ´£µ¡¦³° £µ¡Âµ¦Á¦·É¤oªµ£µ¡µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡Â2 »Ã¥ ¸Áo¦³´µ¥µÂ¨³Îµ®»¦ª¤ µ¥µ2 oµoµ¥ ªµ 2. ªµÁoª´Êµ ¹ÊÁ¡ºÉ°Îµ®Áo¤»¤ °¦¼¦¸É³ªµ´£µ¡¦³° £µ¡Âµ¦ªµÁoª´ÊÁo¦³´µ¥µÁ¡ºÉ°Îµ®Á}¤»¤ °¦¼¦¸É³ªµ
: 33023 57 3. ¨µÁoµ»¦ª¤µ¥µoµoµ¥Â¨³oµ ªµ´ÊoµÂ¨³oµ¨nµ¤µ´´Áo´Êµ¸É ε®Ä®oÁ}Áo¤»¤ °¦¼¦¸É³ªµ´£µ¡¦³°oµ¨nµ £µ¡Âµ¦Îµ®Áo»Â¨³¨nµ» °¦¼¦¸É³ªµÃ¥¨µÁo¤µµ»¦ª¤µ¥µ´Ê2 oµ ¤µ´´Áo¤»¤Á¡ºÉ°¦oµ¦¼¦¸Éε® 4. ¨µÁoª´ÊµÁ¡·É¤¦µ¤¨´¬³ °¦¼¦¸É³ªµÂ¨oªªµÂn£µ¡µ æ¦oµ¸ÉÁ· ¹ÊÄ®o¤¼¦rµ¤£µ¡¸É¤°Á®ÈȳÅo£µ¡µ¤¸Éo°µ¦ªµ¹É¼o°µ¤®¨´ ´«¸¥£µ¡´£µ¡¦³°oµ¨nµ £µ¡Âµ¦Á¡·É¤Áo¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥Âª´Êµ °¦¼ ¸É³ªµÂ¨³ÂnÁoÁ¡·É¤Ä®o£µ¡¤¼¦r 3. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â3 » (Three Point Perspective)Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸»¦ª¤µ¥µ VP 3 » Ä£µ¡³¤°Á®ÈÁo °¦¼¦¸Éªµ3 oµº°oµ oµoµ¥oµ oµ ªµÂ¨³oµ °£µ¡¸Éªµ £µ¡¸É¤°Á®È³Á}£µ¡Âµ¤°º°µ¦¤°µ¸É¼¨¼n¸ÉÉε
: 33023 58
: 33023 59 ¦»µ¦³Îµ´ ®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡µ¤®¨´´«¸¥£µ¡3 º° 1. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â1 »¹É£µ¡³Á·µÁo¦³´µ¥µ1 Áoε®»¦ª¤µ¥µ1 »¨ Áo¦³´µ¥µ£µ¡³Á·Ä¦³´Áo¦³´µ¥µ®¦º°Á·Á®º°Áo¦³´µ¥µ®¦º°Á·oµ¨nµÄo» ¦ª¤µ¥µÈÅoÃ¥¨µÁoµ»´ °Áo´Êµ´Áoª°Å¥´»¦ª¤µ¥µÈ³Á·¦¼¦ °£µ¡¸É³ªµ ¹Ê 2. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â2 »Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸»¦ª¤µ¥µ2 »Ä£µ¡³¤°Á®ÈÁo °¦¼¸Éªµ °¥¼noµ®oµÂ¨³oµ oµ2 oµ¦¼¦¸Éªµ³¤°Á®Èªnµ¤¸¨´¬³Á¦¸¥ªÁ¨È¨Á oµ®µ»¦ª¤µ¥µ´Ê2 » 3. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â3 »Á}µ¦ªµ£µ¡¸É¤¸»¦ª¤µ¥µ3 »¤°Á®È£µ¡¸Éªµ3 oµº° oµ oµoµ¥, oµ oµ ªµÂ¨³oµ °£µ¡¸Éªµ£µ¡¸É¤°Á®ÈÁ}£µ¡Âµ¤°µ¤° ®¦º°µ¤¤°ÈÅo
: 33023 60 Á¦ºÉ°¸É2.2 Áo¨³¡ºÊµµ¦ªµÁo·nµÇ Áo¸É°°Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¤¸ªµ¤Îµ´¤µÄ®oªµ¤¦¼o¹Ã¥¦n°¼o¸É¤µ £µ¡ªµ¨µ¥Áo夦¼o¹¸É¤¸n°£µ¡ªµÃ¥¦ªnµ¤¸ªµ¤Á o¤Â Ȥ´É°n°®ªµ·É®¦º°¤¸ ªµ¤Â Ȧ¤¸¡¨´Á¡¸¥Ä²¨² ¹Ê°¥¼n´ÁoÁ}ºÉ°®¨´Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¼oªµ£µ¡µ¤µ¦Äo ÁoÅo°¥nµ°·¦³º°³ªµÃ¥ÄoÁoÅÄ·«µÁ¸¥ª´°¥nµÁ¸¥ª®¦º°ÄoÁo®¨µ¥·«µÈÅoo° °°Ä®oÁ}´ª °´ªÁ°¤µ¸É»Â¨³´¸É» Áoĵ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo³Á}ºÉ°Âªnµ¼oªµ¤¸ªµ¤Îµµ®¦º°Á}¤º°°µ¸¡Á¡¸¥ÄÁo µ·ÁnÁo ´´Å¤nÁ®¤µ³Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡ÁÈ®¦º°£µ¡¼o®·Á¡¦µ³Å¤nÄ®oªµ¤¦¼o¹°n°®ªµ °n°o°¥ÂnÄ®oªµ¤Â Ȧ³oµ£µ¡ªµ³¼¸ª¥µ¤¤¼¦r ¹Ê°¥¼n´°r¦³°«·¨m°ºÉÇ ¦³°´Áooª¥º°»Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³¥³n°ªnµ¡ºÊ·ª²¨²o°Á¸É¥ª o° ´¤¡´r´ Áo·nµÇ¸ÉÄoĵªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo 1. ÁoÂ¥¤»¤45 °«µ( ªµ) ÁoÂ¥45 °«µ(oµ¥) 2. Áoª° 3. ÁoµÅ ªo 4. Áoµ´Êµ
: 33023 61 5. Áo ´´ 6. ÁoÁ·µµ¦¼ 7. Áo´Ê 8. ÁoŤnn°ÁºÉ° 9. Áoª¨¤ 10. ÁoÃo µ¦ f ÄoÁo µ¦ÄoÁoĵªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áoº°ªnµÁ}·Éε´¥·É¼o¸Éij f Á°oµµ¦ªµ£µ¡ ª¦³o°nµ ´Ê°µ¦ f ¨³µ¦¨°Äµ¦ÄoÁo·nµÇÄ®o¤µÁ¡¦µ³³ÎµÄ®oÁ·´¬³ ªµ¤ÎµµÄµ¦ÄoÁoÁ·ªµ¤´¤¡´r¦³®ªnµ¦nµµ¥Â¨³¦³µ´¤´º°·Êª¤º° o°¤º°µ¥µ ¨³¦³µ´¤´¸É¤°¦´¦¼oÄ®o ´¤¡´rÁ}°´®¹É°´Á¸¥ª´
: 33023 62 µ¦ fªµÁoĦ³¥³Â¦Çª¦³ f ªµÁoÄ®o¤µÇÃ¥Á¡µ³µ¦ fÁ ¸¥Áo¦Áo Â¥ÁoÃo¨³Áoª¨¤Äµ¦ªµÁonµÇ¼o¸É f Ťnª¦¤¸°»¦rÄǤµnª¥Äµ¦ªµÁo ª¦ÄoÂn·Êª¤º°´·°Îµ f ¨µÁo¨Ân¦³µ¬Á¡ºÉ°Ä®oÁ·´¬³oµªµ¤´¤¡´r¦³®ªnµ ¤º°µ¥µÂ¨³¤° £µ¡Â´ª°¥nµµ¦ fÁ ¸¥Áo¦Â¥ ªµ £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁo ´´ £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµ£µ¡Áo°
: 33023 63 £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁoª¨¤ £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁoµ´ £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁoŤnn°ÁºÉ°
: 33023 64 £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁoÃo £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁo´Ê £µ¡Âµ¦ f ªµÁo¦Â¥oµ¥ µ¦¨ÁoĦ·Áª¸ÉÁ}ÁµÁ o¤ µ¦¨ÁoĦ·Áª£µ¡¸Éªµ¹Éo°µ¦ÂÊε®´¸ÉÁ o¤Á¡ºÉ°ºÉ°Ä®oÁ®ÈªnµÁ}¦·ÁªÁµÁ o¤´ Ä®o¼oªµÄoª·¸µ¦¨Áooª¥ªµ¤¤´Éĺ°¨Êε®´Á o¤ÅÁ¨¥®µ¨Êε®´ÂŤn¤´ÉÄÃ¥µ¦ Á ¸¥ÊεÅy¤µÄ»Á·¤®¨µ¥Ç¦´Ê³ÎµÄ®o£µ¡¦·Áª´Ê¤¸¦³µ¬¸ÉÊεÅoεĮo£µ¡¤¸»¡¦n°Å¤n ª¥µ¤ª·¸ÂoÅ º°o° fÁ ¸¥n°¥ÇÄÊε®´Á o¤Ã¥Á ¸¥Å¤nÊεŤµ¤µ´
: 33023 65 £µ¡oµ¥Âµ¦¨Êε®´Áo¸ÉÁ o¤´£µ¡ ªµÂµ¦¨Êε®´Á o¤´Â¨ Ħ·ÁªÁµÁ o¤Ã¥¨ÁoÂŤnÊε¸ÉÁoÊεŤµ®¨µ¥Ç¦´ÊεĮo¦³µ¬ »Á·¤n°¥Ç¹ÉεĮo£µ¡¦·Áª´Ê¼¦·Áª´ÊÊεÅo ³°µµ fµ¦ÄoÁoÄ®oÁ·Êε®´°n°Ân ¼o¸ÉÄ fµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¤¸ªµ¤ÎµÁ}o° f ªµÁoÄ®oµ¤µ¦Å¨nÊε®´°n°Ân Á¡¦µ³Êε®´°n°Ân °Áoµ¤µ¦Îµ¤µÄoĵ¦Ä®oÊε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸ÉÁ· ¹ÊĦ¼¦ °£µ¡¸ÉªµÄ®o¼ª¥µ¤¹É¤¸ª·¸µ¦ f2 ª·¸º° 1. µ¦ fªµÁoŨnÊε®´µ°n°Å®µÂn 2. µ¦ fŨnÊε®´ÂÂnÁ}n°Îµª9 n°9 Êε®´°n°Ân £µ¡Âµ¦ fÄoÁoŨnÊε®´Ân°n°9 Êε®´µÊε®´°n°Å®µÊε®´Ân»
: 33023 66 £µ¡Âµ¦ fµ¦ÄoÁo¨Å¨nÊε®´°n°Ân9 Êε®´Ã¥ÂnÁ}n°µ°n°»Å®µÂn» ¦»µ¦³Îµ´ Áo·nµÇĵ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¦³°ª¥Á o oÂ¥oµ¥y ªµ45 °«µ, Áo¦ ª°, ÁoµÅ ªo, Áoµ´Êµ, Áo ´´, ÁoÁ·µµ¦¼, Áo¦Âª´Ê, ÁoŤnn°ÁºÉ°, Áoª¨¤, ÁoÃo, µ¦ f ÄoÁo·nµÇ³ÎµÄ®oÁ·´¬³ªµ¤ÎµµÄµ¦ÄoÁon°Ä®oÁ· ªµ¤´¤¡´r¦³®ªnµµ¥Â¨³¦³µ´¤´º°¤º° o°¤º°µ¥µÂ¨³¤°¦´¦¼o°µµ¦ fªµÁo Ân¨³·Â¨oªµ¦ fµ¦¨ÁoĦ·Áª¸ÉÁ}ÁµÁ o¤oª¥ªµ¤¤´Éĺ°¨Êε®´Á o¤ÅÁ¨¥Å¤nÁ ¸¥ ÂÊεŤµÄ»Á·¤®¨µ¥Ç¦´ÊÁ¡¦µ³³ÎµÄ®o¦³µ¬ÊεÅo¨³µ¦ fµ¦ÄoÁoªµÄ®oÁ·Êε®´ °n°Ân9 Êε®´
: 33023 67 ·¦¦¤¸É2 °Îµµ¤®¦º°·´·µ¦ªµÁon°Å¸Ê 1. ´«¸¥£µ¡¤¸ªµ¤Îµ´Â¨³¤¸®¨´µ¦n°µ¦Â°°Äµªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â1 »¤¸®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................
: 33023 68 3. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â2 »¤¸®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4. ´«¸¥£µ¡Â3 »¤¸®¨´µ¦ªµ£µ¡°¥nµÅ¦ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................
: 33023 69 ·¦¦¤¸É3 °Îµµ¤®¦º°¨¤º°·´·µ¦n°Å¸Ê 1. Áo·nµÇ¸ÉÄoĵ¦ªµ£µ¡¤¸¸É·¦³°oª¥Áo·Äoµ .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2. Ä®o¨¤º°·´·µ¦ f ªµÁo·nµÇ»·Ç¨³¦¹É®oµ¦³µ¬oª¥·°ÎµÁ¦EE¨Ä ¦°¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤Ä®oÁȤ¡ºÊ¸É 2.1 Áo¦Â¥oµ¥45 °«µ
: 33023 70 2.2 Áo¦Â¥ ªµ45 °«µ 2.3 Áo¦Âª°
: 33023 71 2.4 ÁoµÅ ªo 2.5 Áoµ´Êµ
: 33023 72 2.6 Áo ´´ 2.7 ÁoÁ·µµ¦¼
: 33023 73 2.8 Áo´Ê 2.9 ÁoŤnn°ÁºÉ°
: 33023 74 2.10 Áoª¨¤ 2.11 ÁoÃo
: 33023 75 3. Ä®o¨¤º°·´·µ¦ f µ¦¨ÁoĦ·Áª¸ÉÁ}Êε®´ÁµÁ o¤µ¦¨ÁoÂÊε®´ÁµÁ o¤´ (åŤn¨ÁoÊεÇεĮo¦³µ¬Êε) ¨Ä¦° oµ¨nµÄ®oÁȤ¡ºÊ¸É ¦³Á¤·¨µ¦ f·´·ªµÁooª¥Á°(ªµ¤¡¹¡°Ä) ¡°Ä¤µ ¡°Ä ¦´¦» ______________________________ _____________________________________
: 33023 76
: 33023 77 ®nª¥µ¦Á¦ ¸ ¥¦¼o ¸É3 ¨³ÁµÄµ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo æ¦o µ °®nª¥ ¤µ¦µµ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o ¤µ¦µ¸É4.3 ¤¸ªµ¤¦¼oªµ¤ÁoµÄ´¬³Â¨³Á·¸É¸Á¸É¥ª´«·¨³Â¨³»¦¸¥£µ¡ ¨µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o¸Éµ®ª´ 1. °·µ¥»nµ °ªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸É¦³¦¼¦Ä£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÅo 2. ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo¸ÉÂÊε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¹É¦³¦¼¦Â¨³´¨Îµ´ ªµ¤Îµ´Äµ¦ªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁoÅo ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥ ° nµ¥ÁºÊ°®µ °¸É1 »nµ °Â¨³Áµ °¸É2 ª·¸µ¦ fªµÊε®´°n°Ân¦¼¦¸Éªµ£µ¡ Áª¨µ¸ÉÄoĵ¦«¹¬µ 18 ´ÉªÃ¤ ºÉ°µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o 1. »µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨¦µ¥ª·µÁo...¦oµ¦¦r: »ÎµÅo¦®´¦µ¥ª·µ33023 ¦³´¤´¥¤«¹¬µ°¨µ¥ ·¦¦¤µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o 1. «¹¬µ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥µ»µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨ 2. ·´··¦¦¤ÄÂn¨³°µ¤¸Éε® 3. «¹¬µ®µªµ¤¦¼oÁ¡·É¤Á·¤µ¼o¦¼o¸É¤¸°¥¼nÄ®¨nµ¦Á¦¥¦ ¸ ¼onµÇĤ » ¦³Á¤·¨ ¦³Á¤·¨oª¥Á°µµ¦Îµ·¦¦¤µ¦Á¦¸¥¦¼o¨³ÎµÂ°Ä»µ¦Á¦¸¥µÅ¨ ¨oª¦ª°Îµ°µÎµÁ¨¥oµ¥Á¨n¤
: 33023 78 °¸É1 »nµ °Â¨³Áµ »nµ (Value)®¤µ¥¹nµªµ¤°n°Ân °¸ µª¸ÉŨn´ ¹ÊŹ¸ÎµÄµ´««·¨m(«·¨³ ¸É¤°Á®È) Ⱥ°»nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸É¦³¦¼¦®¦º°ª´»´ÉÁ°  (Light)º°¦·Áª¸Éªnµª´»¸É¦³ Áµ (Shade)º°¦·Áª¸ÉŤn¼Â¦³ £µ¡Â£µ¡ªµ¨µ¥Áo®»n·É¸É¤¸ÂyÁµ ¸ɦ³¨ª´»¹Á·Áµ ¹Êª´»ÎµÄ®oµ¤µ¦¤°Á®È¦¼¦ °ª´»nµÇ Á}3 ¤··º°¤¸ªµ¤ªoµ¤¸ªµ¤¥µªÂ¨³¤¸ªµ¤¨¹®¦º°ªµ¤®µ °¦¼¦ ¹Êĵªµ£µ¡¨µ¥Áo µ¦¨Êε®´ °Â¨³Áµ °¦¼¦nµÇ¸Éªµ ¹Ê¤µÎµÄ®o£µ¡¸ÉªµÁ·µ¦¨ªµº° ¡ºÊ¦³µ¸É¦µ °¦³µ¬¸Éªµ ®¨nεÁ· °Â2 ®nº° 1. ÂÁ·µ¦¦¤µ·º°Âµª°µ·¥r²¨² 2. ¸ÉÁ·µµ¦¦³·¬r °¤»¬¥rÁnµ®¨°Å¢¢jµÁ¸¥Å ²¨²Äµ«·¨³Â ¸É¸Á®¤µ³¤¸É»º°Âµª°µ·¥r µ¦Ân¦³´nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³ÁµÄµ´««·¨m ĵªµ£µ¡¨µ¥ÁÁ o ¸É¥ª o°Ã¥¦´vµ¦¦´¦¼oµµ¦¤°Á®È£µ¡nµÇwµ¦¤°Á®È »nµ °ªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸É¦µ¦·ª´»nµÇ´Ê¼oªµ£µ¡µ¤µ¦nµ¥°£µ¡¸É Á®È¨¡ºÊ¦³µ °¦³µ¬Åo »nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ9 ¦³´Á}ªµ¤°n°Ân¸Éµ¥µ °¤»¬¥rµ¤µ¦Â¥Â¥³ ªµ¤Ânµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµoª¥µ¥µ¤»¬¥rÅoÁ°
: 33023 79 £µ¡Â»nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ9 ¦³´¸Éµ¥µ¤»¬¥rµ¤µ¦Â¥Â¥³Åo µ¦´·«µ °Ân°ª´» (Direction of Light) 1. ÂÁ oµoµ®oµ¦ (Front Lighting)Á}µ¦´ÂÁ oµoµ®oµª´»ÁµÁ·oµ®¨´ °ª´» ŤnÁ®¤µ³Ânµ¦Îµ®Â¨³ÁµÄµ¦ªµ£µ¡Á ¸¥£µ¡ £µ¡ÂÂÁ oµµoµ®oµ¦ °ª´»¹ÉŤnÁ®¤µ³´µ¦ªµ£µ¡Á ¸¥£µ¡¦³µ¥¸ 2. ÂÁ oµoµ®oµÁ¸¥ oµ45 °«µ (Lateral Front Lighting)Á}µ¦´Ä®oÂÁ oµoµ®oµÁ¸¥ oµ 夻¤45 °«µÎµÄ®oÁ·nµÊε®´°n°Ân¸Éµ¤µ¦¤°Á®È¦¼¦Â¨³¤·· °ÂÅo´Á ·¥¤Îµ®¦´µ¦´ÂÁ¡ºÉ°µ¦ªµ£µ¡ £µ¡Âµ¦´·«µ °ÂåĮoÂÁ oµoµ®oµÁ¸¥45 °«µ °¦¼¦ª´»¸ÉÁ}ªµ£µ¡ ¹ÉÁ®¤µ³´µ¦ªµ£µ¡ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
: 33023 80 3. ÂÁ oµoµ®¨´ °ª´» (Back Light)Á}µ¦´ÂÄ®oÁ oµ¤µµoµ®¨´ª´»Áµ¹Á·oµ®oµ °ª´»Á}Áµ¤º¤°Á®ÈÂÁ¦º°Ç¦°ª´»ÎµÄ®o¤°Á®È£µ¡ª´»n° oµÂÁ}µ¦´Â¸É ŤnÁ®¤µ³Ânµ¦ªµ£µ¡ £µ¡Âµ¦´·«µ °ÂÁ oµoµ®¨´ °ª´»¹ÉŤnÁ®¤µ³´µ¦ªµ£µ¡ 4. ÂÁ oµoµ oµ °ª´» (Back Lighting)µ¦´Â¨´¬³¸Ê³Á·Áµ¤º ¹Ê°¸oµ®¹ÉεĮo ¤°Á®È¦·¤µ¦Â¨³ªµ¤¨¹ °ª´»Á·µ¦·´ °Â¨³ÁµÎµÄ®o¼¦¼o¹¹£µ¡¤¸ªµ¤Á o¤Â È ¦»Â¦ £µ¡Âµ¦´·«µ °ÂåĮoÂÁ oµoµ oµ °ª´»
: 33023 81 5. ÂÁ oµµoµ¨nµ °ª´» (Lighting From Below)µ¦´ÂÄ®oÁ oµµoµ¨nµn° ¹ÊoµÅ ¦³ª´»Â¸É¦µÅ¤nÁ}ŵ¤¦¦¤µ·Ä®oªµ¤¦¼o¹nµ¨´ªÂ¨³Â¨µ°¸¤··®¹É £µ¡Âµ¦´·«µ °ÂåĮoÂÁ oµµoµ¨nµ °ª´» 6. ÂÁ oµµoµ¨¨nµ (Light From Above)µ¦´ÂÁ oµÂ¸Ê³Á·Áµ¤º¦´ oµ¤´ ÂÁ oµº°¦·ÁªoµÄo¦¼¦ °ª´»Ä®oªµ¤¦¼o¹Â¨µÂnŤn·¥¤Äµ¦ f®´ªµ£µ¡ £µ¡Âµ¦´·«µ °ÂåĮoÂÁ oµµoµ¨¨nµ¹ÉŤn·¥¤Äoĵ¦ªµ£µ¡
: 33023 82 ¦»µ¦³Îµ´ »nµ (Value)®¤µ¥¹nµªµ¤°n°Ân °¸ µª¸ÉŨn´ ¹ÊŹ¸ÎµÄµ´««·¨mº° nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸É¦³¦¼¦ °ª´»Âº°¦·Áª¸Éªnµª´»¸É¦³ Áµº°¦·Áª¸ÉŤn¼Â¦³ÂÁ·µ2 ®nº°Âµ¦¦¤µ·(ª°µ·¥r) ¨³Â¸É ¤»¬¥r¦³·¬r ¹ÊÁnµ®¨°Å¢¢jµ²¨² ¨³Áµ9 ¦³´Á}¦³´ªµ¤°n°Ân¸Éµ¥µ¤»¬¥rµ¤µ¦Â¥Â¥³ªµ¤ÂnµÅoÁ° µ¦´·«µ °Ân°ª´»¤¸6 ·«µº°ÂÁ oµoµ®oµ¦, ÂÁ oµoµ®oµÁ¸¥ oµ45 °«µ ° ª´», ÂÁ oµoµ®¨´ °ª´», ÂÁ oµoµ oµ °ª´», ÂÁ oµµoµ¨nµ °ª´», ¨³ÂÁ oµµ oµ¨¨nµ °ª´»
: 33023 83 ·¦¦¤¸É1 °Îµµ¤n°Å¸Ê 1. »nµ (Value)®¤µ¥¹°³Å¦ hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh 2. »nµÄµ´««·¨m®¤µ¥¹°³Å¦ hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh 3. ®¤µ¥¹°³Å¦ hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh 4. Áµ®¤µ¥¹°³Å¦ hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
: 33023 84
: 33023 85 ªµ¤®¤µ¥ °nµÊε®´Â¨³Áµ¦¼¦Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´nµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¸Éµ¥µ ¤»¬¥rµ¤µ¦Â¥Â¥³Åo9 ¦³´ £µ¡Âªµ¤°n°Ân °Êε®´Â¨³Áµ9 ¦³´¸Éµ¥µ¤»¬¥rµ¤µ¦Â¥Â¥³Åooª¥µÁ¨nµ 1.ªnµ´ (High Light)º°Êε®´¸Éªnµ»ª´»Á}¦·Áª¸É¦³¨¤µ¸É» ªnµ¸É»¤°Á®ÈÁ}¸ µª 2. Â(Light)º°Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³´¸É1 ¹¦³´¸É3 Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´Â ° £¼¤·oµÁ}¦·Áªoµ¸É¦³¨ª´»¦°¤µµÂªnµ» 3. Áµ (Shadow)º°Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³´¸É4 y 7 Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´Â °Â£¼¤· oµÁ}¦·Áª¸É¦³n° oµo°¥ 4. ÁµÁ o¤ (Core of Shadow)º°Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³´¸É8 y 9 Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´ ÂÊε®´ °Â£¼¤·oµÁ}¦·Áªoµ¦ oµ¤´ÂÁ oµ¤µ¤¸¨´¬³ÁµÎµÁ o¤ 5. ³o° (Reflected Light)º°Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³´¸É1 y 3 Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´ ÂÊε®´°n°Â °Â£ n ¼¤·oµÁ}¦·Áª¸ÉÁ·Â³o°Á¦º°Ç ¹Ê¤µª´»¸Éªµ ®¦º°¤°Á®È°¥¼n·´ÁµÁ o¤ 6. Áµ¦³ (Cast shadow)º°Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦³´¸É9 Á¤ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¸¥´ Êε®´°n°ÂnÄ£¼¤·oµÁ}¦·Áª¸ÉÁµ °ª´»¦³Åµ¤¡ºÊ¦°¦´ª´» Áµ¦³¸Êoµ®nµµ´ªª´»ÁnµÄÁµ¸Ê³µ¨ µ¦ª·Á¦µ³®rªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¹ÉÁ·¦¼¦ °ª´»¸É³ªµÄ®oÁ}¡ºÊ¦³µ(Plan) ¡ºÊ¦³µ (Plan)Á}ª´»¸É¤¸¨´¬³¹´Á}¡ºÊ·ªÂ¦µ¤¸2 ¤··(ªoµu¥µª) Á¤ºÉ°Îµ ¦³µ¤µ¦³°Á oµoª¥´È³Åo¦¼¦¸ÉÁ}3 ¤··(ªoµu¥µªu¨¹) n°¸É¼oªµ£µ¡³ªµ£µ¡¦¼¦ °ª´»ÄÇȵ¤Ä®o¼oªµ£µ¡¦¼o´´ÁÃ¥µ¦¤°ª´»¸É ³ªµÂ¨³ª·Á¦µ³®r¦¼¦ °ª´»´ÊÄ®oÁ}¡ºÊ¦³µ(Plan)¤µ¦³°´Á}æ¦oµ °¦¼¦ ª´»³ÎµÄ®o¼oªµ£µ¡¤°Á®Ènµªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµª´»¸É³ªµÅo´Á¥·É ¹ÊåĮo ¼oªµ´Á£µ¡oµ¨nµ¸Ê¨³Á¦¸¥Á¸¥¦³®ªnµ£µ¡oµoµ¥¤º°¸É¼oªµª·Á¦µ³®rªµ¤°n°Ân °Â
: 33023 86
: 33023 87 £µ¡Âªµ¤°n°Ân °Â¨³Áµ¦¼¦¸Énµ´¡ºÊ¦³µ ¨´¬³ °µ¦Ä®o¨³Áµ£µ¡ªµ¨µ¥Áo¸É¤¸¨n°ªµ¤¦¼o¹Äµ¦¤°£µ¡¸Éªµ µ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡¸Éªµ´Ê¤¸®¨µ¥¨´¬³µ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn¨³¨´¬³³Ä®o°µ¦¤r ªµ¤¦¼o¹Äµ¦¤°£µ¡¸ÉÂnµ´°°Å´´Ê¼oªµo°µ¦ºÉ°ªµ¤®¤µ¥Â¨³ªµ¤¦¼o¹Äµ¦¤ £µ¡ªµ´Ê°¥nµÅ¦¼oªµ£µ¡¹ÎµÁ}o°¤¸µ¦ªµÂ¨³Îµ®¨´¬³ °Â¨³ÁµÄ®o´¤¡´r ´ÁºÊ°®µÁ¦ºÉ°¦µª °£µ¡¸Éo°µ¦Â°°Åªo¨nª®oµ¹É¡°¤¸ª·¸µ¦Äµ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÁ¡ºÉ°ºÉ°Ä®o Á·°µ¦¤rªµ¤¦¼o¹ °£µ¡´¸Ê 1. µ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡ªµ¸ÉεĮo£µ¡ªµ¼Â¨oª¦¼o¹ ¹ªµ¤°n°»n¤°n°Ã¥ °£µ¡ ¤¸ª·¸µ¦ªµ£µ¡Ã¥µ¦ªµ£µ¡Ä¨´¬³Ä®o¤¸µ¦¨Êε®´ °Áo¸É¤¸ªµ¤°n°Ân °Â ¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡¸ÉŤn¤¸ªµ¤Ânµ´¤µ °Â¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡º°Ä¦³´nª¸ÉÁ}ÂÄ®o¨Êε®´ °¥¼n¦³®ªnµ1 y 3 nªÁµÄ®o¨Êε®´ °Áo°¥¼nĦ³´4 y 7 Áµ³¨»n¤´Å»» °nª¸ÉÁ} ´nª¸ÉÁ}Áµ¨°Å¤n¤¸µ¦ÁoÁo¦·Áª ° °£µ¡¦¼¦¸ÉªµÄ®o¤´Å¤n¤¸µ¦¨Êε®´ ¡ºÊ®¨´ °£µ¡Ä®o¤¸Êε®´Á o¤ÂnµÅµ£µ¡¸Éªµoª¥ £µ¡Âµ¦¨Êε®´°n°Ân °Â¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡¸ÉÁµ³¨»n¤Êε® °Â¦³ ´ ´¸É1 y 3 ¨³ ¦³´ °Áµ¸É4 y 7 ¹ÉÄ®oªµ¤¦¼o¹£µ¡¸É»n¤ª¨°n°Ã¥
: 33023 88 2. µ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡ªµ¸ÉεĮo¼Â¨oª¦¼o¹ªnµ¤¸ªµ¤ ¹ ´¤»n¤´É¦·´Â¨³Á o¤Â È £µ¡Âµ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡ªµ¨µ¥Áo¸ÉÄ®oªµ¤¤´ °Â¨³Áµn°Ä®oÁ·ªµ¤¦¼o¹ Á o¤Â Ȥ»n¤´É¦·´Ä£µ¡ªµ ¤¸ª·¸µ¦ªµ£µ¡Ã¥µ¦ªµ£µ¡Ä¨´¬³Ä®o¤¸µ¦¨Êε®´ °Áo¸É¤¸ªµ¤°n°Ân °Â ¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡Ânµ´´Áº°Ä®o¨Êε®´Änª °£µ¡¸É¦³°oª¥Âªnµ´ (High Light)Änª °Â (Light)¤¸Êε®´µ¦Ä®o¨³Áµ°¥¼n¦³®ªnµÊε®´1 y 3 ¤¸nª °Áµ (Shadow)¤¸Êε®´°n°Â °Áµ°¥ n ¼n¦³®ªnµ4 y7 Änª °ÁµÁ o¤ (Core of Shadow)¤¸Êε®´°n° Ân °ÁµÁ o¤°¥¼n¦³®ªnµ8 y 9 Änª °Â³o° ¹Ê¤µÄ£µ¡ (Refect Light)¤¸Êε®´ °Â ³o°°¥¼n¦³®ªnµ1 y 3 ¨³o°¤¸Änª °Áµ¦³ (Cast Shadow)¤¸Êε®´ °µ¦¨ÁoÄ®o Á·Áµ¦³°¥¼n¦³®ªnµ9 ¨³n°¥Çµ¨ °Áµ¦³¨Á}8, 7, 6 ÅÁ¦ºÉ°¥Ç 3. µ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡ªµ¸ÉεĮo¼Â¨oª¦¼o¹ªnµ£µ¡¤¸ªµ¤nµ¨´ª¨¹¨´n°Á¦o £µ¡Âµ¦Ä®o¨³ÁµÂn£µ¡ªµ¨µ¥Áo¸ÉÄ®oÊε®´ÁµÁ o¤ °£µ¡ªµ¨¤¨º´¡ºÊ®¨´ ° £µ¡¸É¨Êε®Á ´ o¤ÂÁ¦¸¥
: 33023 89
: 33023 90 Ã¥¤¸ª·¸µ¦Îµ® °Á °Â¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡´¸Êº°µ¦¨Êε®´Änª¸ÉÁ}ÂÅ®µ Êε®´¸ÉÁ}Áµ°¥nµµÇÁµ¤º°Á¡ºÉ°Ä®o¦¼oªnµnªÄº°ÂnªÄº°Áµ ´Ê¸É3n°¥ÇÁ¡·É¤Êε®´Â¨³ªµÁȦµ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡ £µ¡Âµ¦Á¡·É¤Êε®´ °Â¨³ÁµÄ£µ¡ªµÂ¨³ÁȦµ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡ ´Ê°¸É3 ¸Ê³Á}µ¦¨Êε®´Ã¥n°¥ÇÁ¡·É¤Êε®´Änª¸ÉÁ}ÁµÁ o¤(¦³´¸É8 y 9) ¨³Áµ¦³(¦³´¸É9 yÅ®µ°n°) ¡¦o°¤´Êµ¦ªµ£µ¡ÁȦµ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡´Ê®¤ ´Ê¸É4¦ª¼Êε®´¦ª¤´Ê®¤ °£µ¡´ÊÂnÊε®´ °Âªnµ´Êε®´ °ÂÊε®´ °Áµ Êε®´ °ÁµÁ o¤Êε®´ °Â³o°Â¨³Êε®´ °Áµ¦³Ä®o¼o°oµ·Á¡¸Ê¥ÅÄ®o ÂoÅ Ä®oÅo¦³´ªµ¤°n°ÂnÄÂn¨³»Ä®o¼o°Â¨³ÁȦµ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡´Ê®¤°¸¦´Ê £µ¡Âµ¦¦ª¼Êε®´ °Â¨³Áµ»»Ä®o¼o°Â¨³ÁȦµ¥¨³Á°¸¥ °£µ¡´Ê®¤
: 33023 91