Sc e-book Ruba

SJK(T) TAN SRI DATO'
MANICKAVASAGAM

SSCCIIEENNBBCOCOEEOOSKSKCCRRAAPP

NAME:
RUBBAVAISHTNAVI A/P

JAYA KUMAR

CLASS:
4 DYNAMIC

SIMPLE MACHINES

1.INCLINED PLANE
2.LEVER
3.WEDGE
4.WHEEL AND AXLE
5.PULLEY
6.SCREW
7.GEAR

ABOUT SIMPLE
MACHINES

1.INCLINED PLANE
Inclined plane, simple machine consisting of a
sloping surface, used for raising heavy bodies.

The force required to move an object up the
incline is less than the weight being raised,
discounting friction. The steeper the slope, or
incline, the more nearly the required force

approaches the actual weight.

2.LEVER
A lever is a simple machine consisting of a
beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or
fulcrum. A lever is a rigid body capable of
rotating on a point on itself. On the basis of
the locations of fulcrum, load and effort, the

lever is divided into three types.

3.WEDGE
A wedge is a triangular shaped tool, and is a
portable inclined plane, and one of the six
classical simple machines. It can be used to
separate two objects or portions of an object,
lift up an object, or hold an object in place.

4.WHEEL AND AXLE
Wheel and axle, basic machine component for

amplifying force. In its earliest form it was
probably used for raising weights or water
buckets from wells. Its principle of operation
is demonstrated by the large and small gears
attached to the same shaft, as shown at A in

the illustration.

5.PULLEY
A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is
designed to support movement and change of
direction of a taut cable or belt, or transfer of

power between the shaft and cable or belt.

6.SCREW
A screw is a mechanism that converts rotational

motion to linear motion, and a torque
(rotational force) to a linear force. Screws are

widely used in threaded fasteners to hold
objects together, and in devices such as screw

tops for containers, vises, screw jacks and
screw presses.

7.GEAR
A gear is a rotating circular machine part having
cut teeth or, in the case of a cogwheel or gearwheel,

inserted teeth (called cogs), which mesh with
another toothed part to transmit torque. A gear

may also be known informally as a cog.An
advantage of gears is that the teeth of a gear

prevent slippage.

THREE TYPE OF
LEVER

COMBINATION OF MORE THAN
ONE SIMPLE MACHINE

2 BLADES
WEDGE

+

SCREW

=

A PAIR OF
SCISSORS

OTHER EXAMPLE OF
COMPLEX MACHINE

TOY CAR

PENCIL
SHARPENER

A PAIR OF
COMPASSES