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CROSS LAYER PROTOCOL DESIGN FOR
COOPERATIVE NETWORKS

Major Project Interim Report by,
ABBY P JOBY, AMITH GOPI, ASAMS K P,
BEN MATHEWS, JOEL SAM
Guided by, Dr. LILLYKUTTY JACOB

THE PROBLEM

What will happen in the future?

WiFi 5G PAN

ISM Band are getting Higher Frequency = Lower Personal Area Networks;
crowded with more and Coverage and More power Wearable battery

more devices requirements operated devices and IoT

Hello World!
World!

Hello World!

Hello Hello World!
World!
Hello
Hello World! World!

Hello Hello
World!
Hello
Hello World! World!

World!

OUR SOLUTION

Design a Cross Layer Protocol for Cooperative Networks
Improve throughput and energy utilization efficiency
Changes in the Routing protocol for Optimized Cooperation in MAC layer
Verify all proposed Changes by Simulation in NS2 (Network Simulator)

MAC layer based implementation of Cooperation, with Physical and Network layer cooperating with it
to get the desired results

BACKGROUND STUDY

Spacial diversity - multiple transmit/receive antennas.
Its effective in reducing effects of multipath fading.
Virtual antenna arrays

Long range communication is impractical due to signal
attenuation with distance.
Replace with multiple short range links.

BACKGROUND STUDY

When to Cooperate?
Who to cooperate with?

Chosen node should improve required network parameter.
A cross layer approach is required to reap all benefits of cooperation.

CoopMAC COOPMAC II

COOPMAC I • CoopMAC II has similar functionality
• HTS, CTS, RTS, ACK Frames used • Maintains backward compatibility
• CoopTable - contains data rate
• Choose Helper from Coop Table with 802.11 DCF – no HTS
• Main aim is to improve throughput • Uses Address 4 Field of MAC header

to indicate helper
• More susceptible to channel changes

and helper node migration

IEEE International Conference on

Communications, 2005. ICC 2005. 2005 5 2962 2968 2005

ECO MAC

• RTS,HTS,CTS,CCTS,ACK
• Each helper has energy aware back-off
• Interaction with physical layer to use different

transmission Power levels
• Main aim is to improve network lifetime

Time back off followed by Space (power) back off
yields the best results

2015 IEEE 29th

International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications 48 53 2015

DEL - CMAC • RTS, CTS, ACK, WTH, ETH
• Helper = min tx power, max residual energy
• Main aim is to reduce total energy

consumption

IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 26 4 1010 1020 2015

WORK DONE

The work we have done

NS2 TCL CoopMAC

Familiarization with Learnt TCL language Compared
Network Simulator 2 to initialize and run performance of
code and libraries. NS2 simulations and CoopMAC in wireless
to generate trace files
networks.

802.11 DCF

Tested 802.11 DCF
protocol with fixed

node topologies

RESULTS NODE PLACEMENT

CoopMAC v 802.11 DCF [70,70]

Tracefile of 802.11 DCF [18,35]

Tracefile of CoopMAC [18,35]

[0.0]

Network life doubles (t = 95.19 to 185.99) on using CoopMAC

|TIMELINE Research about the cooperative network
protocols present. Background study of NS2
Research in to wired and wireless networks and TCL language to run simulations.
cross layer implementations and Simulation of
|S7
different cooperative network protocols
Study in to designing a new cooperative
S8| protocol (single hop), and testing it. Methods
to optimize protocols using cross layer designs.
Finalizing the proposed protocol – optimization
for MANETS. Extending it to multi hop

cooperative networks. Simulation and results.

|REFERENCES

IEEE Wireless Communications 13 4 84 92 2006

International Conference on Communications, 2005. ICC 2005. 2005 5 IEEE
2005 2962 2968

2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information

Networking and Applications 48 53 2015

IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 26 4 1010 1020 2015

Cooperation in wireless networks: principles and applications

2006

et al. Cooperation in

Wireless Networks: Principles and Applications 1 27 2006

2004

The VINT project

47 2005