STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 1 SECTION A COMPOSITION – PICTURE GUIDED When you first get your topic, read it carefully. Then follows these simple steps. Step I Work out the Writing Plan. Step II Introduction: Writing Plan Introduction o First paragraph o Very short o Set the scene (Setting) o Introduce the ‘characters’ of the story o Try to grab reader’s attention - Dramatic (refer Appendix A) o Two to three sentences long. Content Conclusion
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 2 Appendix A When Suggested Phase 1. The sun shone brightly on Monday morning. 2. It was a bright morning. 3. It was a breezy morning. 4. The morning was cool. 5. It was a tranquil morning. 1. The sun shone fiercely on a Monday afternoon. 2. On a warm Monday afternoon, 3. It was a warm afternoon. 4. On a scorching hot afternoon, On a blazing hot afternoon, 1. On a pleasant evening, 2. It was a breezy Tuesday evening. 3. It was a cool evening. 4. It was a windy evening. 5. As the sun set in the evening, 1. At night, the moon hung high. 2. It was a quiet night. 3. It was a cold night. 4. It was a chilly night. 5. On a soundless night, 6. Late at night,
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 3 Time Writers Advanced Writers Morning 1. In the early hours of the morning, 2. Early morning, 3. The sky was still dark when 4. At dawn, 5. As the sun slowly rose, 1. In the wee hours of the morning, 2. As the sun slowly peeped out from the horizon, 3. As the skies slowly brightened, 4. At daybreak, 5. On a balmy Monday morning, Afternoon 1. In the afternoon, 2. At mid-day, 3. On a warm Monday afternoon, 4. On a humid Tuesday afternoon, 5. On a quiet weekday afternoon, 1. As the blazing sun shone fiercely, 2. On a swelteringly hot afternoon, 3. As the scorching sun beat down mercilessly, 4. As the sun hung high, 5. On a pleasant afternoon Evening 1. In the evening, 2. At dusk, 3. As the sun slowly set, 4. As the day come to an end, 5. As the sky slowly turned dark, 1. As the sun slowly dimmed in the horizon, 2. As the skies slowly darkened, 3. As the sun slowly disappeared from the horizon, 4. As the sun slowly lost its fiery glow. Night 1. At nightfall, 2. Late at night, 3. In the still of the night, 4. In the middle of the night, 5. On a Friday night, 1. On a dusky night, 2. As the darkness descended, 3. On a soundless night, 4. Cloaked in darkness, 5. On a typical Thursday night,
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 4 Step III Content: Step IV Closure: Other useful tips: Main story Write information or Describe the pictures Plot and purpose Paragraph depending on the pictures Wrap up the story Complete the story Give your impression or emotion or feelings Use amusing ending Use wide interesting range of Vocabularies (refer Appendix B) List the Nouns and Verbs you think useful for each picture Try to use direct speech and dramatic story lines Check the Punctuation (refer Appendix C)
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 5 Appendix B Feelings Happy overjoyed thrilled elated Sad depressed glum distressed gloomy Scared fearful anxious alarmed terrified Excited enthusiastic eager delighted passionate Angry furious enraged cross displeased Pleased contented gratifying satisfied thankful Sight See witness notice detect view Look peek glance peer peep Watch gaze gape survey stare Observe perceive spot examine monitor
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 6 Appendix C Movements and Actions Walk trudge pace stroll stride run dash race sprint whisk Jump skip bounce hop leap Throw cast chuck hurl fling
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 7 Use the simple past tense with time words like: Yesterday … Last Saturday / week / month… When I was .. In 1990 … (past date) Use the past continous tense with time words like: The past continuous describes actions or events in a time before now, which began in the past and is still going on at the time of speaking. Example: I was watching Tv when the phone rang
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 8 Question: Look at the set of pictures in this section. Write about the pictures you have chosen. Write at least 60 words. It was a hot day. Uncle Salleh was working at his large potato farm.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 9 Sample of Pupil’s work Last Monday morning, as the sun slowly brighten, Uncle Salleh woke up and immediately showered. After he showered, he had bread and milo for his breakfast. He wore his work clothes. He went to his potato farm and dug some potatoes. He went there by small truck. He whistled while driving to his potato farm. At last, he arrived at his potato farm. He started to dig using his shovel. In the afternoon, it was hot, Uncle Salleh lost his energy. There were many potatoes that had been dug. “What a hot day?” mumbled Uncle Salleh while he put the potatoes in the big bag. He carried the bag and rested under the tree. He was really tired and slowly fell asleep under the tree. Step I Example of Captivating beginning Step II A very clear information or description of situation.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 10 Suddenly, out of nowhere, a monkey appeared. It was hungry. It walked slowly towards Uncle Salleh and it took a look at Uncle Salleh’s potatoes in the big bag. The monkey smiled and decided to take the potatoes with it. The monkey took the potatoes with him. Then, Uncle Salleh woke up and the potatoes were gone. “Hmmm, where are my potatoes? It can’t run away. It’s not even a person”, Uncle Salleh talked to himself. If there was someone with him, that person will think that Uncle Salleh was a crazy farmer. Uncle Salleh started to search for the potatoes. He noticed a monkey with his potatoes. “Hey monkey! Give me back my potatoes!” shouted Uncle Salleh while throwing some stnes to the monkey and the monkey got hit at its head. Nouns Verbs monkey uncle Salleh big bag Potatoes appeared walked took smiled Step II Plot Paragraphing and Sequence Direct Speech
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 11 The monkey was enraged and threw the potatoes to Uncle Salleh. Uncle Salleh threw more stones so that the monkey will be more furious. The monkey threw all the potatoes in the bag. After a few minutes later, the monkey calmed down and realised that it threw all the potatoes. Uncle Salleh collected the potatoes that had been thrown by the monkey. “Hey monkey, thank you for giving me back the potatoes!” shouted Uncle Salleh happily and smirked. The monkey regretted to throw the potatoes toward Uncle Salleh. “What a foolish monkey” mumbled Uncle Salleh. He went home and enjoyed his potatoes. The monkey just stared at Uncle Salleh ate the potatoes. Uncle Salleh felt sorry for the monkey so he gave some potatoes to the monkey. The monkey gladly accepted and ate it. Step IV Wrap up the story Complete the story Give your impression or emotion or feelings Use amusing ending Vocabularies
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 12 SECTION B DIARY WRITTING Preposition of time In The morning The afternoon The evening February The spring / The fall / the autumn / the summer / the winter 2016 / 2005 The 1990s. On Sunday Monday morning Tuesday afternoon Wednesday evening My birthday A holiday May 5th A week day The weekend At Night 10.30 6 o’clock Noon / midday Bedtime Sunrise / sunset The weekend
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 13 1. Read instruction very carefully. From who? To who? 6. Add ideas but not too much. WHEN? WHERE? WHAT? WITH WHO? WHY? 5. Signature : From, Norlina 4. Introduction 1st paragraph (A) Monday & Tuesday 2 nd paragraph (B) Wed & Thursday 3 rd paragraph (C) Friday & Saturday 4 th paragraph (D) Sunday 5 th paragraph Closing 3. Write in the diary a) use past tense b) at 8.00am c) on Monday d) adverbs 2. Past tense Sample of a diary writing LOOK AT AZIM’S DIARY FOR LAST WEEK. Diary Letter writing October 2016 October 2016 17 Monday 20 Thursday 2pm – play football 7.00 am Fishing with grandfather 9 pm – visit grandma 18 Tuesday 21 Friday 9.30am – dentist 12.30 pm Prayer 9.00pm – visit grandma 22 Saturday 19 Wednesday 8.00 pm – Stadium 10.30 am - shopping 3.30om - swimming Sunday 4.30 pm – Barbeque at Serasa Beach
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 14 NOW WRITE A LETTER FROM AZIM TO HIS FRIEND YUSOF. AZIM WANTS TO TELL YUSOF ABOUT WHAT HE DID LAST WEEEK. No 9 simpang 85 Jalan Kampung Pandan Kuala Belait 30th october 2016 Dear _______________, Hi how are you? I am fine here. I have an interesting time when I was on holiday last week. On Monday afternoon, I went to play football at the football field with my friends at 2pm. It was a hot day. On Tuesday morning, I went to the dentist to have a dental check-up at 9.30am. At 4.00 pm, I visited my grandma with my parents. We had our dinner there, I was so full. On Wednesday, I went shopping with my mother at 10.30 am. We bought lots of stuffs and I bought a new pair of shoe. At 3.30pm, I went swimming at the BSRC club with my siblings. It was fun. On Thursday morning, I went fishing with my grandfather at 7.00am. We caught a lot of fish. On Friday, I went to the mosque for my Friday prayers with my Brother and my father at 12.30 pm. On Saturday evening, we went to the stadium to watch on Brunei played football against Malaysia. It was an exciting match! On Sunday, My family and I had a barbeque at the Serasa Beach at 4.30pm. we had so much fun but we felt so tired. Well, that’s all about what I did last week. I hope you enjoyed your holidays too. Goodbye and take care. From, ____________________ Address Date Greeting Opening sentence Content A Content B Content C Content D Closing Signature
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 15 RECOUNT WRITING What is recount writing? * Recounts retell past events. * Aim to inform the reader. Features of recount writing: * Normally starts by setting the scene, example : ‘ what ?’ ‘where?’ ‘when?’ ‘how?’ * Followed by series of events, in order that they happened. * Written in the PAST TENSE and the ACTIVE VOICE. * Use CONNECTIVES related to:- i. Time, e.g. : after, then, next, meanwhile ii. Cause, e.g. : because , since iii. Contrast, e.g. : however, although, nonetheless * Focus on specific people or events, not general topic. * Use the FIRST PERSON (I, we ) in autobiography and fiction; otherwise use the THIRD PERSON . * Use critical vocabulary appropriate to subject.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 16 PROCEDURAL TEXT Text that provides instructions on how to do or make something. Examples of procedural text Recipes Craft instructions Game rules Science experiments Before writing: Read the instructions Find clue what genre of writing required Tense to be used Example Ahmad is hungry and he wants to cook instant noodles ‘Mi Goreng’. Using the pictures below and key words provided, describe how Ahmad cooks his instant noodles ‘Mi Goreng’. “… how Ahmad cooks…” - - - - - > This tells me, I should write in present tense. Structure A procedural text – recipe has four parts: 1. Goal or Aim (title) The heading (title) tells us what to be done. 2. Materials/ Equipment/Ingredients Items needed to complete the task are mentioned here. 3. Steps/Methods The steps to complete the task are listed in order. 4. Evaluation (closing) This states how the success of the procedure can be tested.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 17 Language features of a Procedure – Recipe When writing a procedural text – recipe, we use: 1. Imperatives These are verbs used to give commands. Usually at the beginning of the sentence. Examples: Peel the banana and slice it into half. Sprinkle chocolate chips on top. 2. Prepositions Words come after the noun, pronoun or verb. Words such as on, along, between, under, beside and in. Examples: Place banana slices along the sides of the dessert dish. Scoop each type of yoghurt onto the dessert dish between the bananas. 3. Connectors Use words such as when, while, before, after, since, first, next and then to join two sentences. 4. Specific vocabulary that connects to the goal Words for cooking or making a dish are used in the text. Examples: Peel, cut, scoop, and sprinkle. ________________________________________________________________ ______________ Guideline: How to make Fruit Juice Fruit juice is very easy to make. Here is how I make my fruit juice. The ingredients and materials needed to make the fruit juice are pineapple, orange, apple, knife, kitchen board, glove and blender. First, wash… Next, cut… Then, put… Finally, pour The fruit juice tastes good and it is nice to share with your friends and family.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 18 WEATHER FORECAST REPORT Tips: 1. Weather words 2. Include adjectives 3. Time prepositions 4. Sentence openers 5. Additional information 1. Weather vocabulary and synonyms: Weather: climate/ conditions Morning : after sunrise Afternoon ; after 12 o’clock/ pm Night : dark/ night time Next: after that/ subsequently Talk about the weather forecast using if and will. Write a weather forecast using the information given on a weather map. Use weather symbols to tell what the weather will be like in the FUTURE : tomorrow / next month/ next week/ next December.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 19 Key weather symbol with synonym Sunny full of sunshine / hot / warm/ bright/ clear/ cloudless / fine day Cloudy dull/ gloomy/ overcast/ darkened weather/ foggy/ partly cloudy / fuzzy cloud Rainy wet/ showery/ drizzly/ downpour/ damp/ heavy rain/ downpour / humid Thunderstorm heavy downpour / cloudburst/ stormy / storm accompanied by lightning and thunder / rain accompanied by lightning and storm Fine night clear sky/ sparkling stars and magnificent moon/ clear night Windy brisk wind / breezy/ blowy / bleak wind Target language: It will be sunny in Tutong. There will be fog in the afternoon. There will be a typhoon at night in Phillippines. Tomorrow afternoon there will be cloud in Temburong. Remember, some sentences begin with It will be and others There will be. There will be (nouns) examples There will be thunderstorms. It will be (adjectives) It will be sunny.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 20 2. adjectives: add adjectives to describe weather conditions. Bright, hot, light, heavy, cool, cold, feelings, gloomy Weather noun: Sun sunny Rain rainy Fog foggy Storm stormy Cloud cloudy Wind windy It will be windy. It will be sunny. It will be cloudy 3. Time preposition: remember to add time preposition. On, at, in the On Saturday, the weather will be fine It will rain heavily at night. In the morning it will be sunny. 4. Sentence openers: openers are words to begin a sentence. At the beginning Afterwards The first day of the week … On the first Monday morning… The next day… The next morning… Then in the afternoon… In the beginning… At first… Firstly… On Monday On the second day…. On the third day… There will be Afterwards… Next, in the afternoon Then, in the afternoon… After… Soon It continues until in the afternoon… Followed by At the end of the day Finally at night Later Finally Eventually After sunset In the evening Meanwhile Lastly On the last day… It continues until at night. Come at night
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 21 6.Additional information: add extra information in your report. If it is a sunny day? It is suitable to do outdoor activities such as picnic and fishing. Don’t forget to put on sun cream protector. If there is cloudburst or thunderstorm? You will be hearing loud thunderstorm. It is best to stay indoor. It is not suitable to do outdoor activities. If it is a fine night? You will be seeing magnificent moon and sparkling stars in the sky. You can see clear sky with sparkling stars. If it is heavy rain or showery? You must make sure you bring your umbrella Etc.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 22 Sample : Title: Weather forecast for Negara Brunei Darussalam. Version A: On Monday morning, the weather will be sunny, later in the afternoon it will be cloudy and a fine Monday night. On Tuesday it will be sunny in the morning and there will be thunderstorm followed by raining at night. On Wednesday morning, it will be raining for the whole day and it will be a fine weather at night. On Thursday morning, there will be thunderstorm followed by raining in the afternoon and cloudy at night. Version B: On Monday morning, the weather will be bright and clear. It will be suitable to do any outdoor activities. Later in the afternoon it will be cloudy and fine at night. The next day it will be warm in the morning and there will be thunderstorm and don’t forget to bring along an umbrella as it will be raining at night. It will be wet for the whole day and people are advice to stay indoor on Monday morning. The weather will be a fine at night and sparkling stars can be seen. On Thursday morning, there will be thunderstorm followed by downpour in the afternoon and clear sky can be seen at night. Add additional information
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 23 Instruction s Future Tense: Will be Same weather: From morning till afternoon. The next Wednesday, the weather will be hot and bright from morning till the afternoon. Starting from afternoon to evening, the weather will be showery. Or It will be showery in the afternoon and it continue to night time.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 24 introduction 2nd paragraph Monday and Tuesday 3rd paragraph Wednesday and Thursday closing 4th paragraph Friday, Saturday and Sunday Title: Weekly weather report Good morning readers, I am Hanisah reporting for Brunei Darussalam weekly weather report. Here is the weekly weather report. On Monday morning, the weather will be rainy. Later in the afternoon it will be sunny. It is suitable to do outdoor activities such as picnic and fishing. Then at night it will be thunderstorm. The next morning, it will be hot. The weather on Tuesday afternoon will be gloomy. At night there will be cloudburst. You will be hearing loud thunderstorm. On next Wednesday, it will be sunny. It continues until in the afternoon. Then at night the weather will be a fine night. On Thursday morning, the weather will be warm. Don’t forget to put on sun screen cream. In the afternoon, it will be drizzle and it continues until at night. On the fifth day, the weather will be damp in the morning followed by cloudy in the afternoon. While at night it there will be cloudburst. The weather on Saturday morning will be wet. Don’t forget to put on your rain coat. Later in the afternoon the weather will be dull. Then at night it will be clear. You will be seeing magnificent moon and sparkling stars in the sky. Finally, on Sunday morning, there will be heavy downpour with lightning and storm and it is not suitable to do outdoor activities. In the afternoon, it will be showery. Make sure you bring your umbrella. Afterward at night it will be cloudy. You will be seeing fuzzy clouds filling the skies. That’s all about the weekly weather report. Title
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STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 27 MAP DIRECTION Tense present tense / future tense Modal should / will Transition Words First, secondly, next, then, after that, finally Sample of Map Writing INTRODUCTION Tell the reader where to go and why. Kassim and his family are on the way to Roslan’s house to attend a wedding ceremony. To get to Roslan’s house, first they should go straight along Jalan Selamat. They will go past the four houses. Secondly, they go straight and go through an old bridge at Sungai Lumpur. Next, they should go straight and past by a fuel station before they reach the roundabout. Finally, they will reach Roslan’s house. It is a big blue wooden stilt house with a swimming pool near the house. CONTENT Follow the directions given. Use transition words CONCLUSION Tell the reader you reach the destination. Describe the place that they will see.
STRATEGIES ON ENGLISH PAPER I 28 DIRECTION PHRASES: -Turn right/left. -Go straight. -You’ll see it on the right/left. - It’s at the corner of ____________. - It’s opposite the ______________. -It’s next to _________________. - It’s between _____________ and _______________.
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