APES Midterm Chapter 9,11 SG (CH11 begins on question 32)

Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________ ID: A

APES Midterm Chapter 9,11 SG (CH11 begins on question 32)

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The success of a family planning program is enhanced when
____ a. the leadership is apathetic.
____ b. implementation is left to central planners.
____ c. contraceptives are widely available.
____ d. the majority of the people live in the countryside.
____ e. there is a high infant mortality rate.

2. In the demographic transition model, birth and death rates are high during
a. the preindustrial stage.
b. the industrial stage.
c. the postindustrial stage.
d. the transitional stage.
e. None of these answers.

3. The age structure of a population is the number or percentage of
a. females age 14 years or under.
b. females age 15 to 44.
c. males age 15 to 44.
d. persons of each sex at each age level.
e. persons of each sex age 15 to 44

4. Death rates have declined because of
a. increased food supplies
b. access to birth control
c. improved sanitation and hygiene
d. a and c only
e. a, b and c

5. The actual average replacement-level fertility for the whole world is slightly higher than
a. 1 child per couple.
b. 2 children per couple.
c. 3 children per couple.
d. 4 children per couple.
e. 5 children per couple.

6. Two useful indicators of overall health in a country or region are
a. birth rate and death rate.
b. replacement-level fertility rate and total fertility rate.
c. life expectancy and infant mortality rate.
d. life expectancy and death rate.
e. population growth rate.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 7. Countries undergoing rapid population decline may experience a rise in the proportion of the
____ population
____ a. on social security.
____ b. consuming a large fraction of medical services.
____ c. who are older people.
____ d. can face labor shortages.
____ e. who fit all of these answers.

8. Population age structure diagrams can be divided into all of the following categories except
a. infant.
b. prereproductive.
c. reproductive.
d. postreproductive.
e. a and b.

9. Which of the following statements about the world's population is false?
a. Together, China and India make up 38% of the world's population.
b. The most rapid population growth is taking place in the developing countries.
c. Africa has the highest population growth rate.
d. When the total fertility rate drops below the replacement-level fertility, the
population is balanced and stops growing.
e. Europe has a negative growth rate.

10. The change that takes place in a demographic transition occurs when
a. one-third of the population is under 15 years of age.
b. the birth rate drops below the death rate.
c. the economic development of a country changes the population growth pattern.
d. either immigration or emigration changes the population growth pattern.
e. a population reaches one million.

11. Social factors affecting birth and fertility rates include
a. attitudes toward large families and birth control.
b. average levels of education and affluence.
c. urbanization.
d. All of these answers.
e. --

12. Women tend to have fewer and healthier children when they
a. live in societies in which their individual rights are protected.
b. have access to paying jobs outside the home.
c. have access to education.
d. have access to birth control.
e. All of these answers.

13. Striving to meet the needs of a growing population, humans have also
a. reduced biodiversity.
b. relied mostly on fossil fuels.
c. introduced harmful species into communities.
d. None of these.
e. All of these.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 14. The highest crude birth rate and crude death rate are in
____ a. Africa.
____ b. Latin America.
____ c. Asia.
____ d. Europe.
____ e. Oceania.
____
15. Which of the following statements about human migration is false?
a. People tend to move from areas of low opportunity to areas of higher opportunity.
b. Most countries restrict immigration rates.
c. Migration from urban areas to rural areas is increasing worldwide.
d. The number of environmental refugees is increasing.
e. None of these answers.

16. Which of the following countries would produce the greatest rise in population size from
experiencing a growth rate of 1.2%?
a. country A, with a population of 100,000
b. country B, with a population of 1 million
c. country C, with a population of 10 million
d. country D, with a population of 1 billion
e. country E, with a population of 100 million

17. In 2002, legal and illegal immigration accounted for ____ of U.S. population growth.
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 30%
d. 40%
e. 50%

18. Which of the following would decrease the likelihood of a couple having a child?
a. The child is part of the family labor pool.
b. Contraceptives are not available.
c. They have no public or private pension.
d. Women have many opportunities to participate in the work force.
e. Infant mortality rates are high.

19. In a society, which of the following is not indicated by a low infant mortality rate?
a. adequate food
b. proper nutrition
c. low incidence of infectious disease
d. clean drinking water
e. affluence

20. In the demographic transition model, ZPG in a country is likely to occur during
a. the industrial stage.
b. the postindustrial stage.
c. the transitional stage.
d. the preindustrial stage.
e. the time after the postindustrial stage.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 21. People who oppose population regulation are least likely to say that
a. lack of a free and productive economic system in developing countries is the
____ primary cause of poverty and despair.
____ b. people are the world's most valuable resource for finding solutions to our problems.
____ c. population regulation is a violation of religious beliefs and an intrusion into personal
____ privacy and freedom.
____ d. increasing human population threatens the earth's life-support systems.
____ e. many immigrants open businesses and create jobs.

22. The population change in a particular year can be calculated by
a. (deaths + emigration) − (births + immigration)
b. (births + immigration) − (deaths + emigration)
c. (deaths + immigration) − (births + emigration)
d. (births + emigration) − (deaths + immigration)
e. (births + deaths) − (immigration + emigration)

23. The industrialized country with the highest teenage pregnancy rate is
a. Japan.
b. Germany.
c. the United States.
d. France.
e. Britain.

24. The most useful measure of fertility for projecting future population change is the
a. replacement-level fertility.
b. one-year future fertility level.
c. total fertility rate.
d. birth rate.
e. abortion rate.

25. All of the following countries accept large numbers of immigrants except
a. the United States.
b. Mexico.
c. Canada.
d. Australia.

26. The human population has grown exponentially over the last 200 years due to
a. medical advances.
b. expansion of agriculture.
c. increased industrial production.
d. improved hygiene.
e. All of the above.

27. Total fertility rate is
a. the number of children born to a woman during her lifetime
b. the number of children a couple must bear to replace themselves
c. the average number of children a woman typically has during her reproductive years
d. the number of live births per 1000 people
e. the births and immigration into a population minus the deaths and emigration

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 28. Infant mortality rate refers to the number of children out of 1,000 that die
____ a. before birth.
____ b. in their first month.
____ c. in the first half-year of life.
____ d. by their first birthday.
____ e. by their 5th birthday.
____
29. The crude birth rate is the number of live births per ____ persons in a given year.
a. 50
b. 100
c. 500
d. 1,000
e. 10,000

30. A high infant mortality rate is most often associated with
a. a high standard of living.
b. undernutrition.
c. balanced diets.
d. a low incidence of infectious disease.
e. affluence.

31. Family-planning programs have been most successful in reducing population growth in
a. Haiti.
b. India.
c. China.
d. Nigeria.
e. Africa

32. The demise of the passenger pigeon is an example of
a. local extinction
b. ecological extinction
c. biological extinction
d. a threatened species
e. an invasive species

33. Which of the following characteristics would make a species less prone to extinction?
a. nesting in large flocks
b. requiring large amounts of unfragmented habitat
c. possessing a valuable skin
d. serving as a food source for humans
e. producing many offspring when environmental conditions are favorable

34. A biologist is most likely to say that the passenger pigeon is
a. endangered.
b. locally extinct.
c. ecologically extinct.
d. biologically extinct.
e. threatened.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 35. An endangered species is any species that can
____ a. undergo alteration of its genetic traits.
____ b. become rare within the next century.
____ c. soon become extinct in all or part of its range.
____ d. eventually become threatened or rare.
____ e. be considered economically important but is rare.
____
36. The California condor and whooping crane are
a. endangered species.
b. threatened species.
c. imported species.
d. overpopulated species.
e. biologically extinct.

37. All of the following characteristics would make a species more prone to extinction except
a. low population density.
b. small body size.
c. specialized niche.
d. low reproductive rate.
e. fixed migratory patterns.

38. The highest percentage of mammals at risk of becoming extinct in the near future are
a. apes and monkeys.
b. wild cats and dogs.
c. antelopes.
d. rodents.
e. Cattle.

39. Biologists claim that species have
a. ecological value.
b. economic value.
c. medical and scientific value.
d. intrinsic value.
e. All of these answers.

40. Wild plant species have economic value as
a. fiber.
b. dyes.
c. oils.
d. medicines.
e. All of these answers.

41. According to biologist E. O. Wilson, most people feel a sense of affinity toward the natural world that
he calls
a. technophilia.
b. technophobia.
c. biophilia.
d. biophobia.
e. consilience.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 42. The true foundation of earth's ecosystems and ecological processes are
____ a. plants
____ b. top carnivores
____ c. herbivores
____ d. microorganisms
____ e. endangered species
____
43. The greatest species terminator is habitat destruction of
a. coral reefs.
b. grasslands.
c. tropical forests.
d. deserts.
e. temperate forests.

44. National parks can be viewed as habitat islands surrounded by
a. logging.
b. industrial activity.
c. energy extraction.
d. agriculture.
e. All of these answers.

45. Birds are excellent indicator species because
a. they live in every climate and biome.
b. they respond quickly to environmental change.
c. they are relatively easy to track and count.
d. a and b only.
e. All of these answers.

46. Which of the following is not an ecological service provided by birds?
a. pollination
b. seed dispersal
c. population control of insects
d. consumption of dead animal carcasses
e. food for humans

47. About ____ of the species on the U.S. official list of endangered and threatened species are there in
part because of population declines caused by nonnative species.
a. 1/5
b. 1/4
c. 1/3
d. 1/2
e. 1/6

48. Illegal hunting for profit is called
a. subsistence hunting.
b. sport hunting.
c. poaching.
d. commercial hunting.
e. All of these answers.

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Name: ______________________ ID: A

____ 49. Illegal wildlife trafficking is the world's ____ largest form of black-market commerce.
____ a. second
____ b. third
c. fourth
d. fifth
e. sixth

50. CITES is
a. a treaty controlling the international trade in endangered species.
b. a set of regulations controlling the introduction of exotic species.
c. a pact that supports critical ecosystems that support wildlife.
d. an international organization dedicated to the preservation of endangered species.
e. All of these answers.

51. The Endangered Species Act of 1973
a. is one of the world's toughest environmental laws.
b. allows the use of endangered species for approved scientific purposes or if the use
enhances the survival of the species.
c. authorizes identification of endangered species solely on a biological basis.
d. requires all commercial shipments of wildlife enter or leave the U.S. through one of
nine designated ports.
e. All of these answers.

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