STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH MALAYSIA 2022

STATISTICS ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN SELECTED DOMAINS, MALAYSIA, 2022

ARTICLE (WOMEN IN MALAYSIA)

Women’s performance in political arena
Despite the significance of Malaysian women participation in the economy and in education,
they have not yet secured leadership positions in the country's political system. The Malaysia
Gender Gap Index 2021 (MGGI 2021) score only 0.100, which shows that women are
underrepresented in politics. Due to this situation, the political empowerment sub-index
continues to have the highest gender gap in Malaysia. Only 15.6 per cent of women hold
ministerial positions, although making up 47.9 per cent of the country's overall population.
Compared to men, women make up less than 20 per cent of those in politics or other political
arenas.

Table 1: Percentage of members of parliament and administration by sex, Malaysia, 2021

Representative Women (%) Men (%)
Senate 18.2 81.8
1House of Representatives 14.9 84.2
Cabinet Minister 15.6 84.4
Deputy Minister 10.5 89.5

Source: Parliament of Malaysia

Note:
1Vacancy in two House of Parliament seats (0.9%) in 2021

Conclusion
Gender equality has far-reaching consequences that affect more than just the lives of women
and girls. Women's social and economic equality is often regarded as a key factor in population
health and economic growth. Malaysia has made progress in terms of gender equality and
women's economic empowerment. The government has always embraced the principle of
women’s empowerment.

References
1. Candace West, Don H. Zimmerman. (1 June, 1987). Doing Gender. SAGE
Publication.
2. Carter, Synthia, Steiner. (2004). Critical Readings: Media and Gender. Maidenhead:
Open University Press.
3. Halpern, D. F. (2004). A Cognitive-Process Taxonomy for Sex Differences in
Cognitive Abilities. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.0963-
7214.2004.00292.x
4. Momin Rahman, Stevi Jackson. (2010). Gender and sexuality: Sociological
approaches. Cambridge: Polity Press.
5. Nicholas Abercrombie, Bryan Turner, Stephen Hill. (2006). The Penguin Dictionary
Of Sociology. England: Dictionary of Sociology.

115 3

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JADUAL STATISTIK UTAMA

INDIKATOR GENDER

MAIN STATISTICAL TABLES ON
GENDER INDICATORS

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Struktur Ekonomi, Penyertaan
Dalam Aktiviti Produktif
& Akses Kepada Sumber

Economic Structures, Participation
In Productive Activities & Access To Resources

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STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.1 : Pekali Gini mengikut negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 dan 2020

Table 1.1 : Gini coefficient by state and strata, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 and 2020

2016 2019 2020*

Negeri Jumlah Bandar Luar Jumlah Bandar Luar Jumlah Bandar Luar
State Total Urban Bandar Total Urban Bandar Total Urban Bandar

MALAYSIA Rural Rural Rural

0.399 0.389 0.364 0.407 0.398 0.367 0.411 n.a n.a

Johor 0.354 0.350 0.339 0.366 0.365 0.356 0.372 n.a n.a
Kedah 0.393 0.387 0.386 0.354 0.359 0.318 0.362 n.a n.a
Kelantan 0.389 0.380 0.379 0.379 0.377 0.368 0.417 n.a n.a
Melaka 0.337 0.334 0.372 0.383 0.382 0.371 0.394 n.a n.a
Negeri Sembilan 0.380 0.382 0.348 0.391 0.388 0.365 0.396 n.a n.a
Pahang 0.324 0.327 0.291 0.330 0.335 0.288 0.331 n.a n.a
Perak 0.362 0.359 0.345 0.377 0.381 0.332 0.389 n.a n.a
Perlis 0.327 0.335 0.310 0.334 0.343 0.303 0.358 n.a n.a
Pulau Pinang 0.356 0.356 0.324 0.359 0.360 0.328 0.355 n.a n.a
Sabah 0.402 0.392 0.383 0.397 0.382 0.386 0.403 n.a n.a
Sarawak 0.386 0.361 0.353 0.387 0.360 0.362 0.379 n.a n.a
Selangor 0.372 0.369 0.354 0.393 0.391 0.386 0.393 n.a n.a
Terengganu 0.328 0.330 0.301 0.335 0.333 0.319 0.349 n.a n.a
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 0.378 0.378 0.350 0.350 0.355 n.a n.a
W.P. Labuan 0.398 0.401 n.a 0.333 0.333 n.a 0.322 n.a n.a
W.P. Putrajaya 0.369 0.369 0.363 0.361 0.361 0.328 0.351 n.a n.a

n.a n.a

Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM
Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM

Nota/ Note :
* Merujuk kepada Anggaran Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Insiden Kemiskinan 2020
Refers to Household Income Estimates and Incidende of Poverty 2020

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.2 : Insiden kemiskinan mengikut negeri dan jantina ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 dan 2020
Table 1.2 : Incidence of poverty by state and sex of head of household, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 and 2020

Negeri (%)
State
2016r 2019 2020*

Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Men Men Men
Total Women Total Women Total Women

MALAYSIA 7.6 8.5 7.4 5.6 5.4 6.0 8.4 n.a n.a

Johor 6.2 7.5 5.9 3.9 4.2 3.8 5.9 n.a n.a
8.8 6.4 9.3 12.7 n.a n.a
Kedah 14.3 14.4 14.3 12.4 9.1 13.1 21.2 n.a n.a
3.9 4.1 3.8
Kelantan 19.5 13.8 20.9 4.3 4.5 4.2 6.1 n.a n.a
4.3 4.2 4.3 6.5 n.a n.a
Melaka 2.6 4.5 2.2 7.3 4.9 7.9 8.8 n.a n.a
3.9 4.6 3.8 11.4 n.a n.a
Negeri Sembilan 6.4 8.3 6.0 1.9 2.3 1.8 9.9 n.a n.a
19.5 16.2 20.2 3.3 n.a n.a
Pahang 9.2 9.5 9.1 9.0 7.4 9.4 25.3 n.a n.a
1.2 1.8 1.1 12.9 n.a n.a
Perak 8.2 9.7 7.8 6.1 4.7 6.3 1.7 n.a n.a
0.2 0.3 0.1 12.0 n.a n.a
Perlis 7.2 9.6 6.9 3.1 1.8 3.3 0.4 n.a n.a
0.4 1.1 0.2 5.2 n.a n.a
Pulau Pinang 2.2 4.4 1.6 0.2 n.a n.a

Sabah 23.9 22.8 24.1

Sarawak 11.9 11.1 12.1

Selangor 0.8 1.5 0.7

Terengganu 6.8 8.5 6.5

W.P. Kuala Lumpur 0.8 1.4 0.6

W.P. Labuan 6.8 7.7 6.7

W.P. Putrajaya 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM

Nota/ Notes : Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM

r Dikemaskini berdasarkan metodologi Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan 2019

Updated based on methodology of Poverty Line Income 2019

* Merujuk kepada Anggaran Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Insiden Kemiskinan 2020
Refers to Household Income Estimates and Incidende of Poverty 2020

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.3 : Employed persons by occupations and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Pekerjaan Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 Lelaki
Occupation Total Men Total Men Total Men
Wanita Wanita Wanita
Women Women Women

Jumlah ('000) 15,073.4 5,871.0 9,202.4 14,956.7 5,827.9 9,128.8 15,064.2 5,873.5 9,190.6
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0

Pengurus 694.5 161.7 532.8 808.4 200.9 607.5 687.0 165.2 521.8
Managers 4.6 2.8 5.8 5.4 3.4 6.7 4.6 2.8 5.7

Profesional 1,883.5 1,052.5 831.0 1,867.7 1,085.8 781.9 1,961.4 1,016.5 944.8
Professionals 12.5 17.9 9.0 12.5 18.6 8.6 13.0 17.3 10.3

Juruteknik dan profesional 1,573.9 481.0 1,092.9 1,547.2 484.0 1,063.2 1,806.7 513.4 1,293.2
bersekutu 10.4 8.2 11.9 10.3 8.3 11.6 12.0 8.7 14.1
Technicians and associate professionals

Pekerja sokongan perkeranian 1,272.1 935.2 337.0 1,242.1 858.1 384.0 1,507.3 1,032.8 474.5
Clerical support workers 8.4 15.9 3.7 8.3 14.7 4.2 10.0 17.6 5.2

Pekerja perkhidmatan dan 3,411.6 1,752.3 1,659.3 3,623.3 1,770.4 1,861.8 3,611.5 1,901.1 1,710.5
jualan 22.6 29.8 18.0 24.3 30.4 20.4 24.0 32.4 18.6
Service and sales workers
932.8 192.1 740.7 916.3 196.4 719.9 720.3 121.8 598.5
Pekerja mahir pertanian, 6.2 3.3 8.0 6.1 3.4 7.9 4.8 2.1 6.5
perhutanan, penternakan dan
perikanan 1,577.1 348.3 1,228.7 1,472.5 297.6 1,174.9 1,301.0 253.2 1,047.8
Skilled agricultural, forestry, livestock 10.5 5.9 13.4 9.8 5.1 12.9 8.6 4.3 11.4
and fishery workers
1,865.4 418.6 1,446.8 1,689.9 412.2 1,277.8 1,553.7 319.5 1,234.2
Pekerja kemahiran dan pekerja 12.4 7.1 15.7 11.3 7.1 14.0 10.3 5.4 13.4
pertukangan yang berkaitan
Craft and related trades workers 1,862.5 529.3 1,333.2 1,780.3 522.5 1,257.8 1,915.2 549.9 1,365.3
12.4 9.0 14.5 11.9 9.0 13.8 12.7 9.4 14.9
Operator mesin dan loji, dan
pemasang
Plant and machine operators and
assemblers

Pekerja asas
Elementary occupations

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3.1 : Pengurus mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.3.1 : Managers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri 2019 2020 2021 ('000)
State
Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Men Men Men
Total Women Total Women Total Women

MALAYSIA 694.5 161.7 532.8 808.4 200.9 607.5 687.0 165.2 521.8

Johor 60.5 10.7 49.8 73.4 14.2 59.2 87.8 13.1 74.6
Kedah 25.6 4.4 21.2 26.6 4.8 21.8 30.0 4.4 25.6
Kelantan 13.6 2.8 10.8 11.6 1.6 10.1 14.6 2.1 12.6
Melaka 18.5 4.1 14.4 20.6 5.0 15.6 15.7 3.8 11.9
Negeri Sembilan 23.1 3.8 19.2 27.0 7.8 19.2 14.5 1.7 12.8
Pahang 16.3 3.6 12.7 26.3 6.5 19.8 19.5 4.1 15.5
Perak 41.8 7.3 34.4 49.5 38.5 43.4 8.7 34.6
Perlis 1.3 11.0 0.7
Pulau Pinang 4.6 3.3 5.1 1.8 3.3 2.8 2.1
Sabah 51.3 13.6 37.8 57.8 44.3 71.2 18.5 52.7
Sarawak 56.7 14.5 42.1 68.7 13.5 47.2 44.4 8.5 35.9
Selangor 36.2 30.5 43.0 21.5 35.6 39.2 6.7 32.4
Terengganu 257.1 5.7 186.9 293.7 217.7 227.8 153.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 11.5 70.2 13.7 7.4 10.8 74.4
W.P. Labuan 74.7 9.5 87.8 76.0 62.3 7.9 0.7 7.2
W.P. Putrajaya 1.9 57.9 66.2 48.7
1.7 16.9 1.9 2.8 1.3 17.5
1.3 1.3 1.6 25.5 1.0 1.2 0.2 1.0
0.4 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.8
0.3 0.7
0.7

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3.2 : Profesional mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.3.2 : Professionals by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 ('000)
State Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

MALAYSIA 1,883.5 1,052.5 831.0 1,867.7 1,085.8 781.9 1,961.4 1,016.5 944.8

Johor 161.2 90.9 70.2 160.0 87.4 72.5 190.6 102.7 87.9
Kedah 90.3 51.0 39.2 97.0 56.7 40.4 120.4 68.2 52.2
Kelantan 73.2 45.8 27.4 70.1 43.7 26.4 49.0 39.3
Melaka 61.4 37.4 24.0 61.8 37.6 24.2 88.2 42.0 29.4
Negeri Sembilan 58.3 33.8 24.5 61.2 36.6 24.7 71.4 37.2 29.9
Pahang 75.7 43.5 32.1 77.1 44.9 32.2 67.1 48.8 39.7
Perak 59.6 44.4 61.9 41.8 88.5 70.1 55.6
Perlis 104.0 103.7 125.8 9.0
Pulau Pinang 12.4 7.2 5.2 12.7 7.7 5.0 15.6 64.0 6.7
Sabah 64.4 61.5 75.6 57.5 109.5 81.0 45.6
Sarawak 126.0 67.2 55.3 133.1 77.8 57.6 170.4 74.3 89.4
Selangor 122.5 66.3 53.4 135.4 66.7 46.0 141.4 67.1
Terengganu 119.7 355.8 283.9 112.7 364.7 255.7 468.3 211.6 256.7
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 639.7 31.2 23.3 620.4 27.7 19.8 57.6 32.0 25.6
W.P. Labuan 87.2 78.6 88.2 71.8 226.5 110.4
W.P. Putrajaya 54.5 47.5 116.1
165.8 2.6 1.9 159.9 2.2 1.9 8.3 4.4 3.9
8.5 6.0 6.5 4.3 11.6 6.3 5.3
4.5 4.1
14.4 10.8

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3.3 : Juruteknik dan profesional bersekutu mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.3.3 : Technicians and associate professionals by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri 2019 2020 2021 ('000)
State
Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Men Total Women Men Total Women Men
Total Women

MALAYSIA 1,573.9 481.0 1,092.9 1,547.2 484.0 1,063.2 1,806.7 513.4 1,293.2

Johor 215.3 56.1 159.2 187.6 44.9 142.7 235.0 56.7 178.3
Kedah 83.0 27.3 55.7 75.7 22.3 53.4 98.8 30.6 68.1
Kelantan 43.6 16.4 27.2 45.0 17.7 27.3 57.3 16.8 40.5
Melaka 62.5 17.4 45.2 56.2 16.9 39.3 69.0 22.8 46.2
Negeri Sembilan 59.5 16.6 42.9 60.7 16.9 43.9 68.0 19.7 48.3
Pahang 56.2 20.4 35.7 57.4 21.6 35.8 76.7 29.4 47.3
Perak 94.1 30.8 63.3 92.5 32.3 60.1 33.3 67.2
Perlis 9.9 6.4 11.1 6.7 100.4 5.3
Pulau Pinang 3.5 71.7 4.4 79.4 8.4 3.1 95.7
Sabah 101.8 30.1 58.2 110.2 30.8 77.8 34.0 77.2
Sarawak 95.4 37.2 75.6 113.3 35.4 64.9 129.7 36.7 77.0
Selangor 33.9 30.8 113.9 38.3
Terengganu 109.5 143.1 339.0 95.7 153.9 331.6 115.3 136.6 412.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 482.1 10.0 27.5 485.5 11.1 25.3 549.1 10.8 28.5
W.P. Labuan 34.8 77.9 41.0 68.1 40.5 93.5
W.P. Putrajaya 37.5 4.7 36.4 4.6 39.3 5.1
112.8 1.6 2.6 109.1 1.9 2.3 134.0 2.3 2.5
1.8 2.0 1.9
6.3 6.5 7.4
4.4 4.3 4.4

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3.4 : Pekerja perkhidmatan dan jualan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.3.4 : Service and sales workers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 ('000)
State Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

MALAYSIA 3,411.6 1,752.3 1,659.3 3,632.3 1,770.4 1,861.8 3,611.5 1,901.1 1,710.5

Johor 417.6 205.0 212.6 442.4 206.8 235.6 411.5 159.8 251.7
Kedah 230.8 113.7 117.1 252.4 112.0 140.5 218.6 103.4 115.2
Kelantan 202.6 101.9 100.7 209.6 101.3 108.3 204.5 102.5 102.0
Melaka 107.7 108.6 100.8
Negeri Sembilan 120.7 54.7 53.0 119.3 52.2 56.4 113.0 50.0 50.7
Pahang 176.6 59.3 61.5 178.9 60.3 59.0 150.8 54.5 58.5
Perak 282.3 86.4 90.2 269.7 78.9 100.0 265.3 69.5 81.3
Perlis 139.7 142.6 137.1 132.6 124.6 140.6
Pulau Pinang 32.3 15.6 16.7 28.3 14.4 14.0 28.2 14.3 13.9
Sabah 161.5 68.8 92.7 161.9 72.9 89.0 167.4 81.8 85.7
Sarawak 449.3 247.7 201.6 506.6 254.1 252.5 431.8 241.0 190.8
Selangor 253.6 127.7 125.9 298.8 143.7 155.1 268.6 128.4 140.2
Terengganu 626.5 361.6 265.0 691.3 371.1 320.2 944.9 622.7 322.2
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 136.6 71.4 65.2 137.1 66.2 70.9 129.7 63.5 66.2
W.P. Labuan 200.8 92.9 107.9 209.7 91.5 118.1 163.4 79.1 84.4
W.P. Putrajaya
9.4 4.5 4.9 13.0 6.6 6.4 8.9 4.0 4.9
3.2 1.3 1.9 4.7 1.3 3.5 4.2 1.9 2.3

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.3.5 : Pekerja mahir pertanian, perhutanan, penternakan dan perikanan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia,
Table 1.3.5 2019–2021

Negeri : Skilled agricultural, forestry, livestock and fishery workers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021
State
('000)

2018 2019 2020

Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men

MALAYSIA 932.8 192.1 740.7 916.3 196.4 719.9 720.3 121.8 598.5

Johor 64.0 7.0 57.0 62.5 6.2 56.3 47.8 4.5 43.3
Kedah 96.5 17.8 78.6 103.9 20.5 83.4 74.4 6.4 68.0
Kelantan 77.2 20.0 57.2 15.9 59.3 46.5 6.5 39.9
Melaka 75.2 0.8
Negeri Sembilan 7.9 1.1 6.8 9.1 2.1 7.0 4.5 0.8 3.7
Pahang 16.0 2.9 13.1 2.7 14.7 12.2 8.1 11.4
Perak 80.1 11.1 69.0 17.4 16.0 70.7 75.1 5.3 67.0
Perlis 62.2 7.8 54.5 86.7 11.0 60.8 50.2 0.9 45.0
Pulau Pinang 0.7 71.8 1.0 11.4 0.4 10.4
Sabah 8.4 0.4 7.6 0.6 8.9 37.3
Sarawak 11.4 45.2 11.1 9.9 39.8 10.8 5.3 43.3 4.9
Selangor 234.4 63.8 189.2 11.4 54.7 165.4 198.4 4.0 161.0
Terengganu 182.8 6.3 119.0 205.2 19.0 108.7 137.6 3.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 54.6 6.5 48.3 163.5 6.1 43.5 0.0 94.2
W.P. Labuan 34.3 1.2 27.8 62.5 0.5 28.8 28.8 0.0 24.8
W.P. Putrajaya 0.2 34.9 27.0 0.0 23.6
1.8 0.6 - 0.4
1.3 - 1.1 1.0 - 1.1 0.5 0.5
0.0 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.8
- 0.0 0.0
-

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.4 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.4 : Employed persons by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 ('000)
State Total 60−64
15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59

Jumlah/ Total 15,073.4 528.4 1,986.4 2,674.1 2,434.1 2,034.3 1,605.7 1,403.7 1,192.2 828.1 386.4

Wanita/ Women 5,871.0 181.3 788.5 1,094.3 989.1 800.3 630.9 556.8 442.0 266.7 121.0
Johor 665.1 17.4 90.7 112.3 104.8 100.9 74.7 67.4 52.9 28.0 16.1
Kedah 347.6 10.6 49.6 58.5 39.5 35.8 29.4 18.4 9.8
Kelantan 250.9 6.5 35.7 44.3 52.6 43.3 26.9 27.1 24.4 17.0 6.6
Melaka 176.6 3.1 25.9 34.5 32.0 30.3 17.3 16.6 14.9 8.5 3.9
Negeri Sembilan 181.5 3.9 26.9 34.2 29.6 22.3 20.0 17.0 15.7 9.4 2.6
Pahang 243.0 7.8 32.4 43.8 29.1 22.7 23.9 24.7 22.0 12.0 6.7
Perak 388.6 11.6 62.7 77.6 36.3 33.5 39.5 38.9 32.4 19.0 9.3
Perlis 42.8 0.6 5.7 8.9 55.7 41.9 4.9 4.1 3.8 2.6 1.1
Pulau Pinang 336.0 8.9 43.2 66.5 35.5 34.0 23.6 14.0 5.9
Sabah 680.9 61.4 156.4 5.8 5.3 56.6 42.4 32.0 22.3 8.6
Sarawak 462.3 11.9 134.5 83.4 57.6 46.8 50.2 45.7 38.6 29.0 15.2
Selangor 15.2 67.0 274.4 92.6 74.1 64.6 27.4
Terengganu 1,536.2 4.9 32.0 67.1 54.2 175.6 149.4 106.0 10.1 3.6
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 171.7 15.9 154.9 63.3 327.2 241.5 18.8 16.5 14.9 10.7 3.8
W.P. Labuan 353.4 0.7 27.2 2.5 24.8 19.0 43.9 34.9 29.7 0.6 0.2
W.P. Putrajaya 14.1 0.9 28.5 1.8 66.6 56.1 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.1
20.3 2.4 2.4 1.2 0.9
1.2 2.4 2.2 561.5 265.5
5.0 6.2 75.3 37.7
40.2 19.3
Lelaki/ Men 9,202.4 347.1 1,197.8 1,579.8 1,444.9 1,234.1 974.8 846.9 750.1 29.4 12.4
Johor 1,091.0 35.5 143.4 171.2 165.0 145.6 119.0 106.6 91.6 17.4 7.4
Kedah 576.0 21.8 85.8 96.2 78.9 67.7 50.7 18.7 8.4
Kelantan 431.5 16.2 70.3 83.8 59.4 50.3 60.6 54.6 36.0 29.1 15.0
Melaka 251.7 9.7 33.2 48.5 37.1 30.3 38.3 35.4 21.5 47.8 27.0
Negeri Sembilan 301.0 9.4 38.6 57.0 49.3 37.6 24.5 22.1 24.1 4.9 2.9
Pahang 476.5 18.2 68.2 84.6 74.2 65.4 30.8 27.2 36.9 31.8 14.2
Perak 655.1 22.3 89.8 119.9 93.5 71.0 45.8 39.2 60.1 53.7 25.6
Perlis 65.8 1.5 8.8 13.7 10.2 7.2 64.0 59.6 5.9 56.9 32.4
Pulau Pinang 499.6 12.6 58.6 81.9 75.9 68.3 46.6 42.8
Sabah 1,227.7 90.3 196.1 235.0 187.8 158.2 5.1 5.5 75.3 105.1 8.7
Sarawak 842.4 37.2 125.4 140.3 115.7 97.3 57.5 52.1 73.0 18.4 11.2
Selangor 1,953.3 48.3 196.2 306.2 361.6 308.1 112.9 92.8 30.2 0.5
Terengganu 299.3 10.9 43.6 57.0 46.7 35.1 83.9 80.3 157.6 1.7 0.1
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 487.6 12.5 35.2 78.9 81.8 82.0 235.7 191.7 24.9 0.9
W.P. Labuan 26.2 0.5 3.0 3.8 4.6 4.8 27.8 26.0 42.4
W.P. Putrajaya 17.8 0.1 1.6 1.8 3.1 5.0 63.6 49.7 2.1
1.2
2.8 2.4
2.5 1.5

125

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.4 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (samb.)

Table 1.4 : Employed persons by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

Negeri Jumlah 2020 ('000)
State Total 60−64
15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59

Jumlah/ Total 14,956.7 483.5 1,814.4 2,652.4 2,396.7 2,063.2 1,616.3 1,404.3 1,202.6 874.8 448.6

Wanita/ Women 5,827.9 153.3 731.4 1,097.5 973.6 811.2 630.6 551.6 457.7 289.1 131.8
Johor 601.9 9.7 107.6 133.7 88.0 64.2 53.5 48.0 45.3 34.5 17.3
Kedah 331.5 8.6 59.7 50.8 40.8 37.0 33.2 27.9 19.1 8.7
Kelantan 246.9 4.6 45.6 46.8 30.9 30.1 28.6 27.7 24.6 18.2 7.0
Melaka 172.1 2.4 28.3 37.1 27.4 23.3 16.4 15.6 13.8 7.6 3.2
Negeri Sembilan 189.6 6.8 25.3 33.3 30.1 22.8 21.0 17.4 15.0 11.0 4.7
Pahang 244.0 4.3 27.4 43.7 37.9 36.1 24.4 24.0 20.5 13.1 7.9
Perak 403.0 32.2 84.0 58.8 44.0 39.9 37.5 33.7 23.5 9.8
Perlis 41.2 11.9 59.8 8.6 5.8 5.4 4.4 3.7 3.8 2.7 1.6
Pulau Pinang 342.6 1.2 66.3 58.5 50.9 40.1 31.5 27.1 13.4 6.4
Sabah 702.8 5.9 4.1 160.5 86.5 60.8 46.9 40.0 20.0 11.9
Sarawak 452.2 42.4 80.9 104.2 55.4 48.3 44.9 37.9 29.1 15.6
Selangor 50.5 121.5 246.8 67.8 71.9 27.6
Terengganu 1,534.4 9.6 62.7 31.9 263.8 188.7 163.4 110.4 9.7 4.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 163.6 120.8 60.1 314.5 18.7 18.1 15.7 14.1 13.9 5.1
W.P. Labuan 366.3 26.7 21.6 2.9 25.6 60.7 45.3 39.1 41.9 0.4 0.5
W.P. Putrajaya 16.1 3.9 27.6 1.3 66.5 2.9 1.7 1.6 0.8 0.8 0.1
19.6 6.3 2.7 5.8 2.6 1.2 1.1
0.3 2.4 4.2 585.7 316.7
0.4 2.1 81.8 51.6
44.9 25.0
Lelaki/ Men 9,128.8 330.2 1,083.0 1,554.8 1,423.1 1,252.0 985.7 852.7 744.8 31.9 14.9
Johor 1,173.8 51.4 159.5 179.8 165.9 151.3 125.1 110.0 97.4 17.7 7.2
Kedah 583.2 19.0 79.7 100.5 78.6 67.5 52.2 15.6 7.7
Kelantan 433.9 10.4 57.0 92.7 61.0 54.0 60.2 55.5 36.2 30.5 18.3
Melaka 245.3 5.0 32.0 49.4 38.0 30.8 39.6 36.2 19.7 52.3 29.1
Negeri Sembilan 284.5 6.6 37.5 53.6 49.4 35.6 23.5 22.0 22.8 5.2 2.4
Pahang 471.9 12.0 61.1 86.8 72.9 68.8 29.8 25.9 35.7 33.9 14.0
Perak 639.8 16.5 77.1 113.1 99.2 69.2 45.7 40.0 59.0 51.1 31.4
Perlis 64.4 1.8 6.5 14.2 10.9 7.2 63.8 60.4 5.8 55.6 32.6
Pulau Pinang 490.2 6.1 54.3 79.7 72.6 70.2 46.2 57.3
Sabah 1,166.8 75.2 172.6 224.3 179.8 160.5 5.3 5.0 70.2 100.2 8.9
Sarawak 810.1 26.8 109.8 142.8 112.9 98.3 59.3 54.0 73.0 20.9 15.6
Selangor 1,912.1 81.8 155.0 274.8 345.5 308.7 111.4 90.4 41.2 0.8
Terengganu 301.4 9.6 38.4 58.2 49.0 37.2 80.0 78.4 154.0 1.7 0.1
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 508.2 7.5 38.4 78.0 81.1 83.1 240.2 194.5 25.1 1.1
W.P. Labuan 26.7 0.3 2.6 4.2 4.4 5.2 27.9 26.1 44.4
W.P. Putrajaya 16.5 0.1 1.3 2.6 1.8 4.6 68.3 50.6 2.0
1.0
3.0 2.5
2.6 1.3

126

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.4 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (samb.)

Table 1.4 : Employed persons by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

Negeri Jumlah 2021 ('000)
State Total 60−64
15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59

Jumlah/ Total 15,064.2 717.6 1,877.0 2,628.1 2,266.1 2,111.8 1,683.2 1,381.5 1,137.6 829.2 432.1

Wanita/ Women 5,873.5 361.2 735.3 1,126.3 894.1 851.3 671.8 517.1 388.7 222.0 105.7
Johor 591.4 11.5 67.7 110.5 100.2 106.0 75.8 57.6 35.7 19.9 6.7
Kedah 344.1 6.7 48.1 73.3 40.3 32.2 24.6 15.2 5.2
Kelantan 251.5 2.6 26.4 64.3 55.7 42.7 26.0 21.4 17.2 12.3
Melaka 182.4 3.5 22.7 46.4 35.0 31.9 16.9 14.1 12.9 7.3 14.3
Negeri Sembilan 174.0 3.9 25.2 36.5 31.7 24.4 17.8 16.5 11.8 7.1 2.7
Pahang 240.7 3.4 40.2 53.9 29.8 22.6 23.9 17.8 15.5 9.1 2.8
Perak 397.9 8.9 50.2 93.4 36.0 36.9 42.0 32.0 29.6 18.0 3.9
Perlis 40.9 0.6 3.9 9.2 64.6 51.0 4.3 3.5 4.3 2.1 8.0
Pulau Pinang 351.0 5.1 32.2 75.7 43.1 35.4 25.1 11.4 1.3
Sabah 705.3 70.1 161.3 6.4 5.4 58.8 41.2 29.9 18.1 7.1
Sarawak 466.4 7.2 127.5 83.3 54.3 61.4 53.0 46.9 35.7 23.2 9.0
Selangor 55.4 210.0 97.9 91.4 57.1
Terengganu 1,557.3 221.2 46.9 80.8 65.4 190.0 142.2 111.1 6.5 15.6
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 162.0 3.8 177.2 57.7 214.1 214.2 16.5 15.0 11.8 13.4 20.1
W.P. Labuan 370.4 19.1 2.8 21.8 18.2 57.7 37.8 21.5 0.6
W.P. Putrajaya 17.3 12.5 33.7 1.1 60.4 70.0 2.2 1.6 1.1 0.7 2.6
21.0 0.1 2.2 3.4 1.7 1.2 5.6
Lelaki/ Men 0.0 3.5 2.8 3.6 0.3
Johor 9,190.6 2.4 6.3 0.6
Kedah 1,173.2
Kelantan 590.1 356.4 1,141.8 1,501.8 1,372.0 1,260.6 1,011.4 864.4 748.9 607.1 326.4
Melaka 438.1 64.1 179.9 172.0 164.2 151.5 125.0 108.6 95.1 75.5 37.2
Negeri Sembilan 252.7 14.2 84.3 100.3 79.7 68.8 62.7 52.6 42.8 28.7
Pahang 293.5 8.8 55.4 91.9 63.9 55.0 41.8 56.1 36.2 31.7 16.3
Perak 464.7 8.1 30.5 50.3 39.1 32.3 24.9 37.2 20.8 18.1 6.4
Perlis 644.8 5.3 41.0 54.9 51.1 36.8 29.6 22.2 22.3 16.4 8.7
Pulau Pinang 67.6 8.9 56.7 88.4 70.7 69.6 48.0 27.4 36.1 28.7 18.0
Sabah 506.2 14.5 87.3 108.1 101.5 71.3 64.6 39.6 58.7 49.7 30.6
Sarawak 1,151.2 1.5 6.5 14.4 11.7 8.6 5.4 58.4 5.8 5.1 3.9
Selangor 811.7 7.8 55.5 85.4 72.2 72.9 59.2 47.8 32.1 18.0
Terengganu 1,961.2 67.5 168.9 212.8 171.0 159.4 113.4 4.7 74.3 57.4 36.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 306.8 25.5 103.9 138.1 113.7 96.2 81.4 55.2 75.6 61.2 38.9
W.P. Labuan 485.2 195.2 248.0 300.0 307.7 250.6 90.0 56.7
W.P. Putrajaya 27.1 114.9 38.1 58.4 52.7 39.9 30.2 77.4 156.0 126.8 10.5
16.2 5.9 33.4 73.2 75.6 81.2 68.1 205.5 24.2 20.3 15.3
8.8 2.7 3.9 4.1 5.2 3.3 26.6 39.8 38.2 0.8
0.6 2.4 1.6 0.9 4.2 3.2 51.6 2.3 1.7 0.2
0.0 1.2 1.3
2.6
1.3

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

127

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.5 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.5 : Employed persons by industry and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Industri 2019 2020 2021
Industry Wanita Wanita
Jumlah Women Lelaki Jumlah Women Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Total 5,871.0 Men Total 5,827.9 Men Total Women Men
9,128.8
Jumlah1 ('000) 15,073.4 100.0 9,202.4 14,956.7 100.0 100.0 15,064.2 5,873.5 9,190.6
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
320.3 353.3 1,212.8
Pertanian, perhutanan dan 1,541.1 5.5 1,220.9 1,566.0 6.1 13.3 1,550.0 318.6 1,231.4
perikanan 10.2 13.3 10.5 59.8 10.3 5.4 13.4
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 18.7 22.4 0.7
0.3 72.3 82.2 0.4 81.9 31.2 50.7
Perlombongan dan pengkuarian 91.0 0.8 0.5 1,503.7 0.5 0.5 0.6
Mining and quarrying 0.6 1,019.8 994.3 16.5
17.4 1,661.7 2,498.0 17.1 2,501.4 888.0 1,613.4
Pembuatan 2,681.5 18.1 16.7 63.1 16.6 15.1 17.6
Manufacturing 17.8 10.2 13.2 0.7
0.2 0.2
Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan 71.4 61.2 76.4 66.3 77.7 5.3 72.3
pendingin udara 0.5 14.4 0.7 0.5 17.3 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.8
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning 0.2 0.3
1,023.7
supply 121.4 149.7 11.2
2.1 2.6
Bekalan air; pembentungan, 88.8 74.3 83.7 1,620.9 85.5 19.1 66.4
pengurusan sisa dan aktiviti 0.6 1,108.8 0.8 0.6 1,144.7 17.8 0.6 0.3 0.7
pemulihan 18.9 19.6
Water supply; sewerage, waste 1,155.0 1,173.4 572.2 1,159.6
96.8 12.6 7.8 117.0 6.3 7.7
management and remediation activities 1.6 2.0
831.3
Pembinaan 1,276.4 810.4 708.7 9.1 136.4 1,023.2
Construction 8.5 13.8 12.2 2.3 11.1
133.2
Perdagangan borong dan runcit; 2,594.5 74.2 1,485.7 2,765.6 90.2 1.5 2,826.5 1,271.3 1,555.2
pembaikan kenderaan bermotor 17.2 1.3 16.1 18.5 1.5 18.8 21.6 16.9
dan motosikal
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor 667.6 570.8 689.2 704.5 148.8 555.7
vehicles and motorcycles 4.4 6.2 4.6 4.7 2.5 6.0

Pengangkutan dan penyimpanan
Transportation and storage

Penginapan dan aktiviti 1,549.7 739.3 1,540.0 1,535.5 867.4 668.1
perkhidmatan makanan dan 10.3 8.0 10.3 10.2 14.8 7.3
minuman
Accommodation and food and beverage 139.7 223.4 235.1 79.7 155.4
1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.7
service activities

Maklumat dan komunikasi 213.9
Information and communication 1.4

128

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.5 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (samb.)

Table 1.5 : Employed persons by industry and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

Industri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 Lelaki
Industry Total Wanita Men Total Men Total Men
Women Wanita Wanita
Aktiviti kewangan dan insurans/ 335.1 146.1 Women Women
takaful 2.2 189.0 1.6
Financial and insurance/ takaful 3.2 372.1 198.1 174.0 386.5 204.3 182.1
activities 92.1 49.7 2.5 3.4 1.9 2.6 3.5 2.0
0.6 42.4 0.5
Aktiviti hartanah 0.7 82.1 38.8 43.3 83.4 33.1 50.3
Real estate activities 385.7 188.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5
2.6 196.9 2.1
Aktiviti profesional, saintifik dan 3.4 379.3 188.1 191.2 358.9 178.1 180.8
teknikal 806.2 520.4 2.5 3.2 2.1 2.4 3.0 2.0
Professional, scientific and technical 5.3 285.8 5.7
activities 4.9 801.9 291.7 510.2 846.0 366.6 479.4
737.1 513.4 5.4 5.0 5.6 5.6 6.2 5.2
Aktiviti pentadbiran dan khidmat 4.9 223.7 5.6
sokongan 3.8 734.9 240.2 494.7 725.1 218.8 506.2
Administrative and support service activities 962.3 312.1 4.9 4.1 5.4 4.8 3.7 5.5
6.4 650.2 3.4
Pentadbiran awam dan 11.1 937.6 644.4 293.2 924.3 556.4 367.8
pertahanan; aktiviti keselamatan 527.7 114.6 6.3 11.1 3.2 6.1 9.5 4.0
sosial wajib 3.5 413.1 1.2
Public administration and defence; 7.0 559.6 401.7 157.9 582.2 325.6 256.6
compulsory social security 79.0 49.7 3.7 6.9 1.7 3.9 5.5 2.8
0.5 29.3 0.5
Pendidikan 0.5 58.2 27.3 30.9 60.5 33.7 26.9
Education 266.1 117.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3
1.8 148.7 1.3
Aktiviti kesihatan kemanusiaan dan 2.5 7.8 267.0 126.8 140.2 274.7 127.1 147.6
kerja sosial 104.3 0.1 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.8 2.2 1.6
Human health and social work activities 0.7 96.6
1.6 66.1 59.9 6.2 64.6 63.5 1.1
Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.0
Arts, entertainment and recreation

Aktiviti perkhidmatan lain
Other service activities

Aktiviti isi rumah sebagai majikan
Activities of households as employers

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
1 Jumlah termasuk bilangan penduduk bekerja bagi aktiviti badan dan pertubuhan luar wilayah Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM
Total includes number of employed persons in activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies

129

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.6 : Penduduk bekerja mengikut taraf pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.6 : Employed persons by status in employment and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Taraf pekerjaan Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 Lelaki
Status in employment Total Men Total Men Total Men
Wanita Wanita Wanita
Women Women Women

Jumlah ('000) 15,073.4 5,871.0 9,202.4 14,956.7 5,827.9 9,128.8 15,064.2 5,873.5 9,190.6
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Majikan 552.9 102.0 450.9 512.2 103.8 408.4 508.4 114.2 394.2
Employer 3.7 1.7 4.9 3.4 1.8 4.5 3.4 1.9 4.3

Pekerja 11,218.3 4,360.9 6,857.3 11,554.2r 4,550.0r 7004.2r 11,821.4 4,813.6 7,007.8
Employee 74.4 74.3 74.5 77.3 78.1 76.7 78.5 82.0 76.2

Bekerja sendiri 2,724.2 1,039.9 1,684.3 2,383.0r 859.6r 1523.4r 2,231.0 627.7 1,603.3
Own account worker 18.1 17.7 18.3 15.9 14.7 16.7 14.8 10.7 17.4

Pekerja keluarga 578.1 368.2 210.0 507.4 314.6 192.8 503.3 317.9 185.4
tanpa gaji 3.8 6.3 2.3 3.4 5.4 2.1 3.3 5.4 2.0
Unpaid family worker

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
r Dikemaskini/ Revised Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

130

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.6.1 : Majikan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.6.1 : Employers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri 2019 2020 2021 ('000)
State
Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Men Men Men
Total Women Total Women Total Women

MALAYSIA 552.9 102.0 450.9 512.2 103.8 408.4 508.4 114.2 394.2

Johor 56.4 7.4 49.0 57.1 8.5 48.6 68.3 9.4 58.9
Kedah 22.3 3.2 19.1 20.0 2.1 18.0 20.5 2.3 18.2
Kelantan 14.9 3.3 11.6 1.4 11.5 1.1 10.4
Melaka 18.4 3.6 14.8 9.9 3.2 8.4 11.0 2.4 8.5
Negeri Sembilan 21.7 3.7 18.0 15.0 6.2 11.8 10.4 1.3 9.1
Pahang 29.1 5.7 23.4 20.8 6.9 14.6 15.3 3.1 12.3
Perak 45.1 7.4 37.6 26.4 10.5 19.5 34.3 6.7 27.5
Perlis 1.9 42.4 1.6 31.8 0.5 1.8
Pulau Pinang 6.1 4.4 4.2 3.1 2.3 13.1 39.5
Sabah 30.2 12.5 25.8 5.1 13.1 3.6 52.6 6.6 27.3
Sarawak 46.3 4.5 33.8 26.4 2.3 23.3 33.9 4.5 25.5
Selangor 33.3 32.0 28.8 43.4 24.4 30.2 29.9 53.0 115.1
Terengganu 162.5 4.3 130.5 30.9 2.5 28.7 168.1 0.3 5.9
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 18.8 7.5 14.5 153.1 17.7 128.7 9.9 33.1
W.P. Labuan 46.0 0.4 38.5 15.5 0.3 13.0 6.2 0.1 0.9
W.P. Putrajaya 0.2 44.6 0.1 27.0 43.0 0.0 0.3
1.3 0.9
0.5 0.3 1.2 0.9 1.0
0.4 0.3 0.3

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

131

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.6.2 : Pekerja mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.6.2 : Employees by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020r Lelaki Jumlah 2021 ('000)
State Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

MALAYSIA 11,218.2 4,360.9 6,857.3 11,554.2 4,550.0 7,004.2 11,821.4 4,813.6 7,007.8

Johor 1,340.9 480.6 860.2 1,407.1 469.4 937.7 1,407.9 498.1 909.8
Kedah 618.5 241.2 377.3 626.2 229.5 396.6 696.4 291.7 404.7
Kelantan 413.4 153.0 260.5 438.5 169.0 269.6 524.3 200.4 323.9
Melaka 336.3 138.2 198.1 344.2 142.9 201.3 376.5 167.2 209.4
Negeri Sembilan 372.4 139.2 233.2 377.8 147.4 230.4 375.1 151.2 223.9
Pahang 500.6 168.9 331.7 522.5 179.8 342.7 535.1 206.0 329.1
Perak 764.1 295.0 469.0 778.5 296.0 482.5 805.6 337.8 467.8
Perlis 73.3 74.8 78.8
Pulau Pinang 695.3 30.2 43.1 710.0 30.9 43.9 693.9 33.1 45.7
Sabah 289.6 405.7 298.3 411.8 299.5 394.5
Sarawak 1,338.1 473.0 865.2 1,435.3 558.1 877.2 1,414.8 566.5 848.3
Selangor 939.7 316.6 623.1 962.2 337.7 624.5 975.8 362.7 613.1
Terengganu 1,206.9 1,555.4 1,234.7 1,503.9 1,205.3 1,568.8
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 2,762.4 118.5 209.6 2,738.6 119.0 219.2 2,774.0 128.3 219.3
W.P. Labuan 328.1 279.2 387.3 338.1 304.3 424.6 347.6 329.7 410.2
W.P. Putrajaya 666.5 728.9 739.9
33.8 12.1 21.7 36.7 13.8 22.9 39.8 16.1 23.7
35.1 18.8 16.2 34.7 19.1 15.5 35.8 20.2 15.6

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
r Dikemaskini/ Revised Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

132

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.6.3 : Bekerja sendiri mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.6.3 : Own account workers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020r Lelaki Jumlah 2021 ('000)
State Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

MALAYSIA 2,724.2 1,039.9 1,684.3 2,383.0 859.6 1,523.4 2,231.0 627.7 1,603.3

Johor 294.7 131.0 163.7 267.5 96.9 170.6 252.5 59.1 193.3
Kedah 235.2 68.8 166.4 220.8 70.8 150.0 185.9 30.8 155.1
Kelantan 206.5 67.7 138.7 199.7 55.9 143.8 129.1 35.8
Melaka 26.6 19.6 93.3
Negeri Sembilan 60.8 26.7 34.2 48.7 25.7 29.0 42.2 9.5 32.7
Pahang 71.4 44.6 44.7 57.7 38.3 32.0 67.9 14.2 53.7
Perak 147.1 64.0 102.5 131.3 67.9 93.0 133.9 19.9 113.9
Perlis 198.0 8.4 134.0 182.1 114.2 171.7 34.9 136.8
Pulau Pinang 26.0 29.5 17.6 23.3 7.3 16.0 24.6 18.9
Sabah 92.5 63.1 81.9 32.1 49.8 97.6 5.8 67.1
Sarawak 414.5 139.2 275.3 296.7 80.2 216.5 320.9 30.5 233.5
Selangor 223.9 74.1 149.8 186.1 63.5 122.5 192.1 87.4 139.3
Terengganu 525.4 262.1 498.1 230.5 267.6 446.7 52.8 250.1
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 100.3 263.2 66.1 91.1 30.6 60.5 98.8 196.7 75.6
W.P. Labuan 120.4 34.2 61.2 92.1 37.8 54.3 62.7 23.3 37.2
W.P. Putrajaya 59.2 25.5
5.0 1.5 3.5 4.8 2.0 2.8 3.5 2.5
2.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.4
0.7

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
r Dikemaskini/ Revised Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

133

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.6.4 : Pekerja keluarga tanpa gaji mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.6.4 : Unpaid family workers by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri 2019 2020 2021 ('000)
State
Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Men Men Men
Total Women Total Women Total Women

MALAYSIA 578.1 368.2 210.0 507.4 314.6 192.8 503.3 317.9 185.4

Johor 64.2 46.1 18.1 43.9 27.0 16.9 36.0 24.8 11.3
Kedah 47.7 34.5 13.1 47.7 29.0
Kelantan 47.6 26.9 20.7 32.7 20.6 18.6 31.5 19.4 12.1
Melaka 12.8
Negeri Sembilan 17.0 8.2 4.6 9.5 6.3 12.1 24.8 14.3 10.5
Pahang 42.7 11.9 5.1 17.7 10.3
Perak 36.6 23.7 18.9 35.6 19.0 3.2 5.4 3.3 2.1
Perlis 22.2 14.4 39.8 28.5
Pulau Pinang 3.1 0.9 7.4 14.1 7.4 6.8
Sabah 17.6 2.3 5.0 2.3 1.4
Sarawak 109.7 12.6 53.4 14.6 9.3 16.6 21.1 11.7 9.4
Selangor 107.9 56.3 40.7 94.3 51.4
Terengganu 39.3 67.2 5.3 83.1 48.7 11.3 31.0 18.4 12.6
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 23.8 34.0 9.1 56.7 44.8
W.P. Labuan 14.7 0.5 20.4 11.6 0.9 2.8 1.5 1.2
W.P. Putrajaya 8.1 0.1 6.6
0.2 7.6 - 8.9 0.1 5.3 13.2 8.0 5.2
0.2 0.2
- - - 42.9 86.9 44.8 42.2
-
34.4 80.4 46.5 33.9

11.9 129.7 102.3 27.3

8.8 16.1 10.1 6.0

2.3 10.1 5.3 4.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 -

- ---

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

134

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.7 : Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh (KPTB) mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia,
Table 1.7
2019–2021
Negeri
State : Labour force participation rate (LFPR) by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021

(%)

Jumlah 2019

Total 15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59 60−64

Jumlah/ Total 68.7 21.1 68.0 85.3 85.7 84.1 82.6 79.6 73.4 58.1 34.0

Wanita/ Women 55.6 15.2 58.3 74.6 72.6 68.9 66.9 63.1 54.4 38.3 21.3
Johor 56.5 13.0 63.3 79.4 72.5 75.2 67.5 63.2 54.5 33.9 23.2
Kedah 48.6 13.1 50.2 66.9 66.7 64.7 62.5 56.9 49.4 33.3 21.0
Kelantan 44.0 41.8 59.1 58.6 62.8 59.5 56.9 51.8 39.3 19.5
Melaka 56.6 8.9 59.9 74.7 73.8 71.7 72.3 66.1 56.5 37.9 20.6
Negeri Sembilan 51.0 9.6 56.8 73.3 70.4 67.5 64.7 57.6 53.9 33.3 10.6
Pahang 48.9 9.8 50.6 64.6 61.4 63.1 60.4 61.5 56.6 32.6 22.7
Perak 49.1 12.1 60.1 76.8 67.5 61.0 61.9 56.8 45.2 28.7 15.8
Perlis 51.4 11.3 49.0 70.4 62.9 70.6 72.5 63.7 54.6 39.2 18.6
Pulau Pinang 54.1 8.0 54.9 77.7 74.3 69.5 61.3 61.9 46.4 31.8 15.1
Sabah 52.5 13.9 67.8 68.9 53.3 50.4 53.1 48.1 43.6 37.7 20.2
Sarawak 51.7 33.4 57.2 66.7 63.1 60.5 62.9 58.7 54.7 47.4 31.0
Selangor 69.6 11.7 64.7 89.0 92.0 82.7 80.1 79.9 67.4 51.3 28.3
Terengganu 45.5 8.7 49.1 58.3 58.4 58.2 61.7 55.1 51.1 38.8 17.9
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 60.1 9.7 48.3 79.4 78.9 71.7 74.4 65.0 58.1 29.1 12.3
W.P. Labuan 42.7 30.3 58.6 54.8 48.0 45.2 43.4 39.7 34.6 33.0 20.7
W.P. Putrajaya 73.4 18.4 62.7 84.3 87.5 88.9 88.3 81.1 60.7 46.9 12.1
29.4
Lelaki/ Men
Johor 80.8 26.6 76.8 94.7 97.8 98.0 97.2 96.1 92.3 77.1 46.8
Kedah 82.6 24.2 81.2 96.2 98.5 98.3 97.2 97.1 92.6 83.6 55.0
Kelantan 77.3 22.2 75.8 95.0 97.6 97.6 96.5 93.6 88.0 77.3 46.2
Melaka 73.7 18.6 70.9 93.8 96.9 96.7 92.5 89.3 91.4 78.0 42.2
Negeri Sembilan 78.3 24.6 68.6 94.2 97.9 97.4 96.9 94.0 91.8 76.8 43.1
Pahang 77.1 20.3 75.1 96.6 97.3 96.3 96.5 95.2 88.0 70.4 36.9
Perak 81.4 26.1 79.9 96.3 98.1 97.8 97.4 95.5 94.1 80.5 50.0
Perlis 77.5 22.8 74.7 97.5 97.5 97.8 96.5 94.4 89.2 71.1 46.4
Pulau Pinang 78.0 18.6 72.7 91.6 96.4 95.7 95.2 96.3 91.0 78.8 54.7
Sabah 80.5 21.6 71.7 95.8 98.3 98.2 97.3 96.1 93.6 72.0 39.4
Sarawak 85.9 45.4 89.4 97.6 98.0 98.3 97.4 97.7 93.8 83.0 53.7
Selangor 83.3 30.9 85.6 95.2 97.5 97.4 97.6 96.4 94.3 83.6 58.2
Terengganu 81.8 21.4 70.5 90.0 97.8 98.6 98.4 97.3 93.7 75.5 42.3
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 76.2 19.6 72.6 94.7 96.3 96.7 94.5 95.0 92.6 74.0 45.5
W.P. Labuan 79.6 22.5 55.4 94.4 97.4 99.3 97.6 97.6 90.8 67.5 35.2
W.P. Putrajaya 81.5 19.2 86.5 93.8 94.5 95.4 100.0 97.0 92.5 79.9 28.9
79.2 81.2 97.5 99.6 99.3 94.9 98.7 86.0 60.0
5.4 6.1

135

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.7 : Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh (KPTB) mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia,
Table 1.7
2019–2021 (samb.)
Negeri
State : Labour force participation rate (LFPR) by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

(%)

Jumlah 2020

Total 15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59 60−64

Jumlah/ Total 68.4 19.7 63.8 85.6 85.5 83.6 82.3 79.4 74.4 61.2 39.2

Wanita/ Women 55.3 13.1 55.0 76.1 72.5 68.1 66.4 62.7 56.3 40.9 23.1
Johor 51.0 7.7 71.3 91.3 63.1 47.1 48.5 45.5 48.2 41.6 24.2
Kedah 46.6 46.2 67.2 64.5 59.7 60.2 53.6 47.4 34.8 18.6
Kelantan 42.9 10.4 33.3 57.9 56.2 60.9 62.7 58.6 52.9 41.8 20.3
Melaka 55.1 7.1 58.7 75.7 73.7 72.7 67.8 63.8 51.5 34.5 17.8
Negeri Sembilan 53.0 8.2 56.9 72.8 71.8 66.4 68.8 58.7 51.1 39.2 18.7
Pahang 48.8 49.9 63.4 63.5 63.5 61.6 60.7 53.7 35.2 25.9
Perak 51.1 15.9 55.5 80.5 71.1 63.6 62.6 57.9 47.8 36.3 16.7
Perlis 49.8 7.8 41.4 66.1 60.7 69.0 63.9 60.2 54.5 40.1 27.1
Pulau Pinang 55.4 54.3 78.5 74.9 72.6 69.8 57.6 53.1 30.7 16.5
Sabah 55.4 13.0 66.6 73.9 60.7 57.7 56.2 54.1 54.7 34.8 27.6
Sarawak 50.2 12.7 54.6 64.6 62.8 60.0 62.2 57.4 53.1 47.4 31.1
Selangor 69.9 10.8 52.8 87.3 91.6 87.4 84.3 84.7 69.6 53.8 29.0
Terengganu 42.5 28.7 38.8 58.4 56.5 56.0 58.4 53.4 47.8 36.5 20.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 62.2 49.0 82.4 80.7 75.8 71.1 73.4 77.6 34.9 16.7
W.P. Labuan 47.0 9.1 59.4 63.2 54.1 52.7 54.7 54.3 32.5 23.7 33.4
W.P. Putrajaya 71.1 12.1 62.4 83.1 89.6 87.7 83.3 70.2 67.2 63.7 16.7

Lelaki/ Men 7.1
Johor 14.0
Kedah 13.1
Kelantan 15.6
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan 80.6 25.8 71.8 94.0 97.4 98.0 97.0 95.9 92.7 80.7 55.3
Pahang 87.8 31.8 90.1 99.5 99.5 99.3 99.5 99.1 98.0 91.7 73.5
Perak 78.9 22.5 71.4 96.7 97.4 98.3 96.9 95.7 93.2 83.9 57.3
Perlis 72.7 12.5 59.8 94.0 96.2 97.7 94.1 92.0 92.1 84.0 48.6
Pulau Pinang 77.1 15.6 70.1 94.8 97.0 97.9 95.5 94.8 86.5 78.3 40.2
Sabah 74.3 17.8 67.8 93.3 97.7 97.1 96.6 92.2 86.3 62.0 34.7
Sarawak 80.4 18.5 74.0 95.5 97.4 97.8 97.0 98.1 93.6 85.5 60.3
Selangor 77.1 17.7 67.0 95.3 96.8 97.8 96.3 95.5 91.7 82.1 50.0
Terengganu 76.3 20.4 62.5 92.6 94.1 90.3 94.0 90.6 89.6 84.3 45.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 80.5 15.0 70.6 95.8 96.7 98.2 99.2 98.2 94.1 79.5 39.2
W.P. Labuan 83.3 39.9 83.0 95.4 97.0 97.8 96.3 95.7 88.6 79.6 65.1
W.P. Putrajaya 82.0 23.1 81.6 97.6 98.1 97.8 97.2 95.6 95.4 81.9 57.7
80.6 33.8 57.0 86.0 97.3 98.3 96.9 95.5 91.1 71.0 57.3
75.7 17.3 67.3 95.1 96.7 95.9 93.5 93.7 93.2 82.7 45.9
81.6 17.5 60.2 93.7 97.2 97.9 97.6 95.5 95.9 88.5 48.2
82.5 16.3 84.8 98.3 95.3 98.1 94.4 96.4 86.1 83.7 57.9
74.2 47.3 90.1 99.6 96.9 97.2 92.0 81.8 70.6 13.2
5.2

136

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.7 : Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh (KPTB) mengikut negeri, jantina dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia,
Table 1.7
2019–2021 (samb.)
Negeri
State : Labour force participation rate (LFPR) by state, sex and age group, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

(%)

Jumlah 2021

Total 15−19 20−24 25−29 30−34 35−39 40−44 45−49 50−54 55−59 60−64

Jumlah/ Total 68.6 28.9 66.7 85.7 80.7 83.3 84.1 78.2 70.1 56.7 36.0

Wanita/ Women 55.5 28.7 55.5 78.2 66.8 68.7 69.2 59.2 48.0 30.7 19.4
Johor 50.0 8.8 45.4 77.5 72.5 76.5 67.1 57.1 37.1 23.5 9.1
Kedah 47.8 9.4 49.5 80.3 70.4 60.1 63.4 51.2 39.8 27.1
Kelantan 42.8 3.2 27.6 77.3 60.4 63.6 56.9 45.7 36.8 27.9 10.1
Melaka 57.5 9.9 59.6 93.2 79.9 71.6 66.1 58.9 47.9 30.4 37.8
Negeri Sembilan 48.7 9.5 53.9 78.3 70.5 64.2 58.7 55.6 40.4 25.1 13.0
Pahang 47.8 6.9 59.9 76.2 59.9 63.2 58.7 46.2 40.8 24.4 10.7
Perak 50.4 49.0 86.1 75.6 71.0 65.9 50.4 42.8 27.2 12.5
Perlis 48.4 11.4 41.5 65.6 63.5 64.0 59.3 57.5 61.2 30.5 13.1
Pulau Pinang 56.6 9.3 42.0 89.0 69.2 84.0 74.5 63.3 47.7 25.2 19.8
Sabah 57.0 72.2 76.8 60.3 60.6 55.9 48.0 40.8 32.4 17.4
Sarawak 51.2 17.6 49.4 67.4 72.6 69.3 67.7 59.4 48.3 36.0 19.3
Selangor 69.5 40.1 73.3 76.4 62.9 66.5 81.4 73.4 67.2 41.0 28.4
Terengganu 41.6 38.7 79.0 45.7 50.2 53.0 49.6 39.6 23.9 30.6
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 63.7 7.6 56.1 78.7 79.1 86.0 86.6 73.5 54.8 33.8 11.7
W.P. Labuan 48.9 92.2 51.2 59.6 57.7 65.5 66.3 55.6 43.9 29.3 19.2
W.P. Putrajaya 75.8 100.0 92.2 77.0 89.0 88.5 83.7 71.2 57.2 24.5
8.3 52.0
Lelaki/ Men 21.0
Johor
Kedah 6.9
Kelantan 1.9
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan 80.9 29.1 76.8 92.4 93.6 97.0 98.1 96.7 92.7 82.0 51.7
Pahang 87.9 41.3 98.4 99.4 99.3 99.4 98.7 98.4 96.4 83.4 47.8
Perak 77.9 16.1 72.8 94.8 96.2 97.8 98.3 95.8 93.0 79.8 57.8
Perlis 71.4 11.5 58.5 87.5 94.3 96.4 96.8 93.8 90.8 83.1 47.8
Pulau Pinang 78.6 23.1 70.0 96.6 96.1 98.6 97.4 96.1 92.1 78.8 33.0
Sabah 76.8 13.4 79.3 96.2 98.2 98.3 97.5 97.1 85.7 64.1 36.2
Sarawak 78.8 13.5 74.1 95.4 95.7 98.0 97.8 97.3 95.3 80.4 50.8
Selangor 78.0 15.7 75.6 97.9 97.3 96.0 97.6 94.0 91.8 75.2 48.9
Terengganu 79.6 16.7 68.5 95.9 96.5 95.9 96.9 92.9 91.1 83.1 59.7
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 82.7 14.1 82.0 97.8 97.8 99.5 98.9 99.4 94.8 73.0 49.7
W.P. Labuan 82.7 41.6 81.1 88.1 93.3 98.1 98.5 98.0 93.8 87.0 70.0
W.P. Putrajaya 81.4 22.1 80.1 95.8 97.9 94.3 98.4 95.1 96.8 84.9 59.9
82.7 53.0 71.7 85.0 84.1 94.9 98.4 97.9 89.2 87.3 52.8
75.1 11.5 67.1 95.7 96.7 96.8 95.7 95.0 92.2 78.2 47.2
79.4 14.5 60.5 89.9 97.3 99.7 96.6 93.8 92.0 84.8 39.5
84.1 29.9 85.9 93.9 94.8 95.4 95.3 94.1 93.5 80.2 63.5
74.0 81.0 57.9 100.0 90.0 98.3 95.5 98.0 89.3 20.0
1.0

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

137

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.8 : Kadar pengangguran mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.8 : Unemployment rate by age group and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Kumpulan 2019 2020 2021
umur
Age group Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men

Jumlah 4.7 3.4 3.2 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.5
Total
16.2 15.1 13.5 15.2 16.2 14.7 13.5 9.0 17.6
15–19 11.1 12.3 10.4
20–24 12.3 11.2 8.4 10.4 11.0 10.0
25–29 5.7 6.3 5.3
30–34 6.3 3.8 3.8 3.0 2.9 3.0 5.8 5.8 5.7
35–39 2.5 2.4 2.6
40–44 2.9 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 3.0 3.6 2.7
45–49 1.7 1.2 2.0
50–54 2.4 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.7 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.5
55–59 2.4 1.6 2.8
60–64 1.0 0.7 1.2 3.5 3.7 3.5 1.6 1.2 1.8

1.2 0.4 0.9 2.1 2.1 2.0

1.7 0.4 1.0 2.1 3.3 1.5

1.6 0.6 0.4 1.9 1.8 2.0

3.7 0.5 0.6 6.5 13.1 4.1

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.9 : Purata jam bekerja mengikut jenis pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021
Table 1.9 : Mean hours worked by occupation and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Pekerjaan 2019 Lelaki 2020 Lelaki 2021 Lelaki
Occupation Men Men Men
Jumlah Wanita Jumlah Wanita Jumlah Wanita
Total Women Total Women Total Women

Jumlah 45.1 43.8 45.9 43.2 42.0 43.9 43.6 43.0 43.9
Total 45.4 47.1 44.9 43.7 45.4 44.3 43.6 44.6
41.1 43.3 41.0 40.3 41.9 41.2 40.5 42.0
Pengurus 46.7 44.4 46.5 44.2 43.3
Managers 44.9 45.2 43.4 43.3 44.6 44.2 43.7 44.4
44.3 47.5 43.6 42.2
Profesional 42.1 43.7 43.4 43.4 43.4
Professionals 34.1 38.0 36.6 34.4 44.9 44.1 43.4 44.9

Juruteknik dan profesional 45.8 40.3 45.7 42.9 38.1 37.2 36.7 34.7 37.2
bersekutu 48.3 48.6 46.0 45.0
Technicians and associate 47.1 46.1 44.1 44.3 44.2 42.3 36.8 43.7

professionals 46.3 46.2 45.6 46.3

Pekerja sokongan 45.0 44.0 45.6 48.2 44.5
perkeranian
Clerical support workers Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM
Pekerja perkhidmatan dan 45.8
jualan
Service and sales workers

Pekerja mahir pertanian, 37.2
perhutanan, penternakan 44.5
dan perikanan
Skilled agricultural, forestry,
livestock and fishery workers

Pekerja kemahiran dan
pekerja pertukangan yang
berkaitan
Craft and related trades workers

Operator mesin dan loji, 48.6
dan pemasang
Plant and machine operators

and assemblers

Pekerjaan asas 46.4
Elementary occupations

139

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
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Jadual 1.10 : Purata jam bekerja mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.10 : Mean hours worked by age group and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Kumpulan 2019 2020 2021
umur
Age group Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men

Jumlah 45.1 43.8 45.9 43.2 42.0 43.9 43.6 43.0 43.9
Total
45.1 45.5 44.8 42.3 40.8 43.1 43.8 44.8 42.7
15–19

20–24 46.4 46.2 46.5 44.0 43.5 44.3 44.9 45.4 44.5

25–29 45.9 44.9 46.6 43.8 42.7 44.5 44.2 44.0 44.4

30–34 45.4 44.0 46.4 43.7 42.6 44.5 43.6 42.8 44.2

35–39 45.2 43.6 46.3 43.4 42.1 44.2 43.0 41.8 43.9

40–44 44.8 43.2 45.9 43.2 41.7 44.2 43.4 42.2 44.2

45–49 44.5 42.5 45.8 43.0 41.4 44.0 43.3 42.0 44.0

50–54 43.8 41.7 45.0 42.4 40.9 43.4 42.9 41.7 43.6

55–59 43.0 41.1 44.0 41.8 40.4 42.5 42.6 41.4 43.0

60–64 41.1 39.2 42.0 39.6 37.7 40.4 41.3 41.3 41.3

Sumber: Laporan Survei Tenaga Buruh, DOSM
Source: Labour Force Survey Report, DOSM

140

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.11 : Nisbah tanggungan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021
Table 1.11 : Dependency ratio by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

2019 2020 2021

Negeri Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua
State Total muda Old age Total muda Old age Total muda Old age
Young age Young age Young age

MALAYSIA 43.4 33.7 9.7 44.3 34.6 9.7 44.1 34.0 10.1

Johor 44.2 33.8 10.4 42.9 34.2 8.7 43.0 33.8 9.2
Kedah 48.3 36.5 11.8 49.7 37.8 11.8 49.8 37.4 12.5
Kelantan 56.9 46.8 10.2 57.1 47.1 10.0 57.1 46.7 10.4
Melaka 45.1 33.0 12.0 42.4 33.4 42.4 33.2
Negeri Sembilan 44.7 33.0 11.6 46.9 37.0 9.0 47.3 36.8 9.2
Pahang 47.9 37.2 10.7 49.2 39.8 10.0 48.4 38.8 10.5
Perak 46.5 31.0 15.5 47.3 34.2 47.3 33.6
Perlis 50.4 36.7 13.7 39.5 28.5 9.4 38.7 27.6 9.6
Pulau Pinang 38.4 26.4 12.0 36.4 27.4 13.2 36.5 26.9 13.7
Sabah 36.6 31.9 47.4 39.1 11.0 46.2 37.8 11.1
Sarawak 43.4 32.5 4.7 41.9 31.2 41.7 30.6
Selangor 39.8 32.5 10.9 41.0 31.2 9.0 40.9 30.8 9.6
Terengganu 56.0 47.1 51.8 43.5 8.3 52.0 43.3 8.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 37.6 27.7 7.3 36.1 27.2 10.7 35.5 26.4 11.1
W.P. Labuan 44.7 38.2 8.8 46.1 40.0 9.7 46.5 40.1 10.1
W.P. Putrajaya 59.5 56.9 9.9 64.9 62.6 8.4 64.0 61.6 8.7
6.4 9.0 9.1
2.6 6.1 6.4
2.3 2.4

Sumber: Anggaran Penduduk Semasa, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM
Source: Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM

141

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Jadual 1.11 : Nisbah tanggungan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (samb.)
Table 1.11 : Dependency ratio by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

2019 2020 2021

Negeri Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua
State Total muda Old age Total muda Old age Total muda Old age
Young age Young age Young age

Wanita 44.3 33.9 10.4 46.2 35.6 10.6 45.9 34.9 11.0
Women
45.9 34.8 11.1 46.4 36.9 9.6 46.4 36.3 10.1
Johor 49.1 36.0 13.1 50.4 37.5 12.9
Kedah 56.8 45.5 11.3 56.6 45.8 10.8 50.6 36.9 13.6
Kelantan 45.7 32.8 12.9 44.7 34.4 10.3
Melaka 46.4 33.6 12.8 48.4 37.7 10.7 56.6 45.4 11.2
Negeri Sembilan 50.2 38.6 11.7 52.2 42.0 10.2
Pahang 47.7 31.0 16.7 49.9 34.8 15.1 44.7 34.1 10.5
Perak 50.4 35.7 14.7 39.6 27.4 12.2
Perlis 38.3 25.5 12.8 36.2 26.4 48.7 37.4 11.3
Pulau Pinang 37.6 32.7 48.4 39.8 9.8
Sabah 44.8 33.4 4.9 42.8 31.4 8.6 51.3 40.8 10.5
Sarawak 40.3 32.5 11.4 43.6 33.0 11.5
Selangor 56.3 46.8 52.9 43.7 10.5 50.0 34.3 15.7
Terengganu 37.4 27.3 7.8 38.4 28.6 9.2
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 43.3 37.0 9.5 43.2 37.1 9.8 39.0 26.6 12.3
W.P. Labuan 52.0 50.1 10.2 60.5 57.9 6.0
W.P. Putrajaya 6.3 2.6 36.3 25.9 10.4
1.9
47.3 38.6 8.7

42.5 30.7 11.9

43.3 32.3 10.9

53.3 43.7 9.6

37.5 27.6 9.9

43.8 37.4 6.4

60.1 57.4 2.7

Sumber: Anggaran Penduduk Semasa, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM
Source: Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM

142

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.11 : Nisbah tanggungan mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (samb.)
Table 1.11 : Dependency ratio by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)

2019 2020 2021

Negeri Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua Jumlah Umur Umur tua
State Total muda Old age Total muda Old age Total muda Old age
Young age Young age Young age

Lelaki 42.6 33.6 9.0 42.7 33.7 9.0 42.5 33.2 9.3
Men
42.7 33.0 9.7 40.0 32.0 8.0 40.1 31.7 8.4
Johor 47.5 36.9 10.6 49.0 38.2 10.8 49.1 37.8 11.4
Kedah 57.0 48.0 57.6 48.3 57.6 48.0
Kelantan 44.4 33.3 9.1 40.4 32.5 9.2 40.5 32.4 9.6
Melaka 43.1 32.5 11.1 45.6 36.4 7.9 46.0 36.3 8.1
Negeri Sembilan 45.8 35.9 10.6 46.7 38.0 9.3 45.9 37.0 9.8
Pahang 45.3 30.9 45.1 33.6 8.7 44.9 33.0 8.9
Perak 50.4 37.7 9.9 39.4 29.6 11.5 38.5 28.7 12.0
Perlis 38.5 27.3 14.4 36.7 28.4 9.8 36.7 27.8 9.8
Pulau Pinang 35.7 31.2 12.7 46.4 38.4 8.3 45.2 37.1 8.9
Sabah 42.1 31.7 11.2 41.1 31.1 8.0 40.9 30.5 8.1
Sarawak 39.3 32.4 38.7 29.7 10.0 38.8 29.4 10.4
Selangor 55.7 47.5 4.5 50.8 43.2 9.0 50.8 43.0 9.4
Terengganu 37.7 28.1 10.4 34.2 26.0 7.6 33.7 25.4 7.8
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 46.0 39.4 49.0 42.7 8.2 49.2 42.6 8.3
W.P. Labuan 69.0 65.5 6.9 69.8 67.8 6.2 68.2 66.1 6.5
W.P. Putrajaya 8.2 2.0 2.1
9.6
6.6
3.5

Sumber: Anggaran Penduduk Semasa, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM
Source: Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2020, DOSM

143

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.12 : Penengah dan purata gaji & upah bulanan pekerja mengikut pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia,
Table 1.12 2019–2021

Pekerjaan : Median and mean monthly salaries & wages of employees by occupation and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021
Occupation
(RM)

2019 2020 2021

Penengah Purata Penengah Purata Penengah Purata
Median Mean Median Mean Median Mean

Wanita/ Women 2,370 3,108 2,019 2,889 2,145 2,968

Pengurus 6,832 7,994 5,127 5,832 4,870 5,299
Managers
4,798 5,144 4,610 4,841 4,991 5,248
Profesional
Professionals 3,143 3,440 2,986 3,197 3,179 3,383

Juruteknik dan profesional 2,261 2,415 2,019 2,237 1,922 2,232
bersekutu
Technicians and associate 1,422 1,766 1,238 1,645 1,471 1,736
professionals
1,436 1,608 1,211 1,434 1,530 1,732
Pekerja sokongan perkeranian
Clerical support workers 1,283 1,459 1,266 1,538 1,692 1,915

Pekerja perkhidmatan dan 1,463 1,613 1,390 1,658 1,692 1,753
jualan
Service and sales workers 1,208 1,444 1,211 1,541 1,611 1,665

Pekerja mahir pertanian,
perhutanan, penternakan dan
perikanan
Skilled agricultural, forestry, livestock and
fishery workers

Pekerja kemahiran dan pekerja
pertukangan yang berkaitan
Craft and related trades workers

Operator mesin dan loji, dan
pemasang
Plant and machine operators and
assemblers

Pekerja asas
Elementary occupations

144

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.12 : Penengah dan purata gaji & upah bulanan pekerja mengikut pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia,
Table 1.12 2019–2021 (samb.)

Pekerjaan : Median and mean monthly salaries & wages of employees by occupation and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021 (cont'd)
Occupation
(RM)

2019 2020 2021

Penengah Purata Penengah Purata Penengah Purata
Median Mean Median Mean Median Mean

Lelaki/ Men 2,477 3,304 2,093 2,963 2,315 3,085

Pengurus 7,159 9,242 5,735 6,790 5,948 6,848
Managers

Profesional 5,578 6,182 5,253 5,967 5,993 6,338
Professionals

Juruteknik dan profesional 3,308 3,745 3,037 3,366 3,290 3,537
bersekutu
Technicians and associate

professionals

Pekerja sokongan perkeranian 2,525 2,673 2,371 2,659 2,572 2,739
Clerical support workers

Pekerja perkhidmatan dan 1,896 2,309 1,547 2,148 1,785 2,135
jualan
Service and sales workers

Pekerja mahir pertanian, 1,852 2,309 1,291 1,572 1,740 1,868
perhutanan, penternakan dan
perikanan 1,911 2,251 1,627 1,931 1,833 2,001
Skilled agricultural, forestry, livestock and
fishery workers

Pekerja kemahiran dan pekerja
pertukangan yang berkaitan
Craft and related trades workers

Operator mesin dan loji, dan 2,070 2,296 1,722 2,000 1,892 2,099
pemasang
Plant and machine operators and 1,560 1,861 1,340 1,801 1,587 1,779
assemblers

Pekerja asas
Elementary occupations

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Gaji dan Upah, DOSM
Source: Salaries and Wages Survey Report, DOSM
Data merujuk kepada warganegara
The data refer to citizens

145

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Jadual 1.13 : Purata gaji dan upah bulanan pekerja mengikut pekerjaan dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.13 : Mean monthly salaries and wages of employees by occupation and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Pekerjaan Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 (RM)
Occupation Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

Jumlah 3,224 3,108 3,304 2,933 2,889 2,963 3,037 2,968 3,085
Total
8,855 7,994 9,242 6,479 5,832 6,790 6,296 5,299 6,848
Pengurus 5,589 5,144 6,182 5,301 4,841 5,967 5,731 5,248 6,338
Managers

Profesional
Professionals

Juruteknik dan profesional 3,651 3,440 3,745 3,313 3,197 3,366 3,492 3,383 3,537
bersekutu 2,482 2,415 2,673 2,370 2,237 2,659 2,387 2,232 2,739
Technicians and associate professionals
2,060 1,766 2,309 1,926 1,645 2,148 1,944 1,736 2,135
Pekerja sokongan
Clerical support workers 2,247 1,608 2,309 1,547 1,434 1,572 1,853 1,732 1,868

Pekerja perkhidmatan dan
Jualan
Service and sales workers

Pekerja mahir pertanian,
perhutanan, penternakan dan
perikanan
Skilled agricultural, forestry,
livestock and fishery workers

Pekerja kemahiran dan 2,197 1,459 2,251 1,891 1,538 1,931 1,993 1,915 2,001
pekerja pertukangan yang
berkaitan 2,144 1,613 2,296 1,918 1,658 2,000 2,014 1,753 2,099
Craft and related trades workers
1,751 1,444 1,861 1,727 1,541 1,801 1,749 1,665 1,779
Operator mesin dan loji, dan
pemasang
Plant and machine operators and
assemblers

Pekerjaan asas
Elementary occupations

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Gaji dan Upah, DOSM
Source: Salaries and Wages Survey Report, DOSM
Data merujuk kepada warganegara
The data refer to citizens

146

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.14 : Bilangan pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, Malaysia, 2010 dan 2015
Table 1.14 : Number of women-owned establishments by sector, Malaysia, 2010 and 2015

Sektor Pertubuhan milikan wanita Pertubuhan bukan milikan wanita
Sector Women-owned establishments Non women-owned establishments

2010 2015 2010 2015

Jumlah 127,533 187,265 520,727 733,359
Total 580 1,541 8,249 10,087
32 20 457 1,006
Pertanian 9,546 39,555
Agriculture 8,792 2,622 30,877 37,936
1,371 20,769
Perlombongan & 116,758 173,536 460,375 644,775
pengkuarian
Mining & quarrying

Pembuatan
Manufacturing

Pembinaan
Construction

Perkhidmatan
Services

Sumber: Penerbitan Statistik Milikan Wanita, 2016, DOSM
Source: Women-owned Statistics Publication, 2016, DOSM

147

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

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ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.15 : Peratusan pengguna internet mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Table 1.15 : Percentage of internet users by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 (%)
State Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

MALAYSIA 84.2 82.4 85.9 89.6 87.7 91.3 96.8 96.3 97.2

Johor 89.6 87.6 91.4 93.9 91.5 96.0 98.1 97.6 98.6
Kedah 75.6 73.4 77.8 82.9 79.7 85.8 95.5 94.5 96.5
Kelantan 73.9 71.2 76.5 81.6 78.0 85.2 95.9 95.1 96.7
Melaka 85.6 82.8 88.3 92.2 89.8 94.4 96.4 95.8 97.1
Negeri Sembilan 81.3 78.7 83.5 88.9 87.8 90.0 95.5 95.3 95.6
Pahang 81.8 80.1 83.0 88.8 85.2 91.8 94.9 94.6 95.2
Perak 80.6 78.7 82.5 87.5 85.6 89.3 95.7 94.8 96.5
Perlis 83.8 81.1 86.6 90.2 89.7 90.9 95.0 94.5 95.6
Pulau Pinang 86.7 85.8 87.6 90.2 87.9 92.4 97.8 97.3 98.3
Sabah 80.0 79.1 80.8 85.8 84.8 86.6 97.3 97.0 97.7
Sarawak 76.4 74.3 77.7 81.3 80.3 82.2 93.6 92.9 94.1
Selangor 91.7 90.3 92.9 96.1 94.8 97.3 98.0 97.7 98.2
Terengganu 81.0 77.6 84.2 84.2 81.8 86.4 95.5 94.7 96.3
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 93.4 91.8 95.0 97.3 96.7 97.9 99.6 99.6 99.7
W.P. Labuan 94.9 93.6 96.0 95.9 94.0 97.7 99.8 99.8 99.8
W.P. Putrajaya 98.4 98.5 98.4 99.7 99.9 99.5 99.8 99.6 100.0

Sumber: Laporan Survei Penggunaan dan Capaian ICT oleh Individu dan Isi Rumah, DOSM
Source: ICT Use and Access by Individuals and Households Survey Report, DOSM

148

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

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Jadual 1.16 : Peratusan individu yang memiliki telefon bimbit mengikut negeri dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019–2021
Table 1.16
: Percentage of individuals owning mobile phone by state and sex, Malaysia, 2019–2021
Negeri
State (%)

2019 2020 2021

Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Total Women Men Men Men
Total Women Total Women

MALAYSIA 95.7 94.8 96.8 96.4 95.0 97.7 97.4 96.6 98.2

Johor 97.3 96.1 98.4 98.8 98.0 99.5 98.9 98.4 99.2
Kedah 93.5 91.5 95.4 93.7 91.2 96.1 96.6 95.9 97.4
Kelantan 92.6 91.2 94.1 93.2 90.5 95.9 94.7 93.9 95.6
Melaka 94.4 93.0 95.8 95.7 93.5 97.8 96.7 95.6 97.9
Negeri Sembilan 93.9 92.7 94.9 95.3 94.2 96.3 96.4 95.3 97.3
Pahang 95.5 94.8 96.0 96.0 94.1 97.5 97.0 96.3 97.6
Perak 93.7 92.1 95.3 94.5 92.5 96.4 95.0 92.6 97.3
Perlis 94.4 93.0 95.9 95.7 95.3 96.2 96.0 93.8 98.4
Pulau Pinang 95.7 94.3 97.2 96.8 94.9 98.6 98.4 97.9 99.0
Sabah 95.2 94.3 96.1 95.7 94.2 97.1 96.8 96.0 97.6
Sarawak 93.5 91.8 95.0 94.5 92.5 96.3 95.5 93.8 97.0
Selangor 97.8 96.9 98.6 98.1 97.6 98.6 99.3 99.1 99.5
Terengganu 95.7 94.1 97.1 95.9 94.8 97.0 97.2 96.3 98.1
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 98.6 98.4 98.8 99.2 99.0 99.3 99.7 99.7 99.8
W.P. Labuan 99.0 98.4 99.6 99.5 99.3 99.7 99.7 99.8 99.6
W.P. Putrajaya 98.8 99.1 98.4 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.5 99.7

Sumber: Laporan Survei Penggunaan dan Capaian ICT oleh Individu dan Isi Rumah, DOSM
Source: ICT Use and Access by Individuals and Households Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.17 : Bilangan kanak-kanak di bawah taska berdaftar dengan Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat
Table 1.17 mengikut negeri dan kumpulan umur, Malaysia, 2019–2021

: Number of children with registered child care centre with Department of Social Welfare by state and age group,

Malaysia, 2019–2021

Negeri 2019 2020 2021
State
0<3 3 hingga < 4 0<3 3 hingga < 4 0<3 3 hingga < 4

MALAYSIA 11,742 15,341 19,561 14,368 20,515 13,861

Johor 975 1,393 1,289 956 1,472 1,051
Kedah 743 778 1,261 817 1,117 803
Kelantan 959 895 1,190 803 1,224 778
Melaka 466 531 504 478
Negeri Sembilan 383 356 610 592 776 592
Pahang 690 727 930 684 1,053 648
Perak 475 966 1,116 1,155 1,185
Perlis 174 175 1,130 165 1,163 1,002
Pulau Pinang 353 758 358 731 219
Sabah 980 720 1,313 410 578
Sarawak 421 1,537 1,305 592 744
Selangor 3,611 591 633 3,672 1,170 1,051
Terengganu 675 5,902 648 666 531
W.P. Kuala Lumpur1 742 4,314 963 1,642 6,382
W.P. Labuan 774 2,021 1,045 3,797
95 133 94 1,985 691
1,438 123
108 1,557
85

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat
1 Termasuk W.P. Putrajaya Source: Department of Social Welfare

Includes W.P. Putrajaya

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.18 : Pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan penengah mengikut negeri dan jantina ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 dan
Table 1.18 2020

: Median monthly household gross income by state and sex of head of households, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 and 2020

(RM)

Negeri Jumlah 2016 Lelaki Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020* Lelaki
State Total Men Total Men Total Men
Wanita Wanita Wanita
Women Women Women

MALAYSIA 5,228 4,145 5,455 5,873 4,562 6,173 5,209 n.a n.a

Johor 5,652 4,376 5,824 6,427 4,674 6,765 5,690 n.a n.a
Kedah 3,811 2,758 3,955 4,325 3,405 4,527 3,829 n.a n.a
Kelantan 3,079 2,571 3,191 3,563 3,103 3,683 3,010 n.a n.a
Melaka 5,588 4,142 5,873 6,054 4,426 6,445 5,447 n.a n.a
Negeri Sembilan 4,579 3,512 4,812 5,005 3,718 5,249 4,478 n.a n.a
Pahang 3,979 3,612 4,040 4,440 3,669 4,563 4,033 n.a n.a
Perak 4,006 3,172 4,194 4,273 3,631 4,472 3,759 n.a n.a
Perlis 4,204 3,254 4,304 4,594 3,736 4,702 4,043 n.a n.a
Pulau Pinang 5,409 4,111 5,767 6,169 5,084 6,533 5,474 n.a n.a
Sabah 4,110 3,463 4,144 4,235 3,735 4,358 3,773 n.a n.a
Sarawak 4,163 3,381 4,344 4,544 4,044 4,669 3,831 n.a n.a
Selangor 7,225 6,231 7,421 8,210 6,623 8,474 7,300 n.a n.a
Terengganu 4,694 4,006 4,782 5,545 5,206 5,593 4,790 n.a n.a
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 9,073 7,640 9,367 10,549 8,803 10,864 9,093 n.a n.a
W.P. Labuan 5,928 5,496 6,005 6,726 6,280 6,858 6,126 n.a n.a
W.P. Putrajaya 8,275 5,232 8,706 9,983 6,765 10,597 9,743 n.a n.a

Nota/ Notes : Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM
Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM
* Merujuk kepada Anggaran Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Insiden Kemiskinan 2020
Refers to Household Income Estimates and Incidende of Poverty 2020

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STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.19 : Peratusan ketua isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang dimiliki dan jantina, Malaysia, 2016, 2019
Table 1.19 dan 2020

: Percentage of head of household by item owned, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 and 2020

(%)

Peralatan yang dimiliki 2016 2019 2020
Item owned
Wanita Lelaki Wanita Lelaki Wanita Lelaki
Women Men Women Men Women Men

Radio/ Hi-fi 83.5 90.3 95.8 98.7 n.a n.a
Radio/ Hi-fi

Televisyen 96.9 98.3 96.5 97.9 n.a n.a
Television

Langganan Internet di rumah 67.3 77.7 83.7 91.7 n.a n.a
Subscription of internet at home

Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM
Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.20 : Statistik utama guna tenaga dalam sektor informal mengikut jantina, Malaysia, 2015, 2017 dan 2019

Table 1.20 : Principal statistics of employment in the informal sector by sex, Malaysia, 2015, 2017 and 2019

Perkara Jumlah 2015 Lelaki Jumlah 2017r Lelaki Jumlah 2019 ('000)
Item Total Men Total Men Total
Wanita Wanita Wanita Lelaki
Women Women Women Men

Tenaga buruh 14,518.0 5,565.1 8,952.8 14,980.1 5,766.6 9,213.5 15,581.6 6,078.1 9,503.5
Labour force (%) 67.9 54.1 80.6
68.0 54.7 80.1 68.7 55.6 80.8
Kadar penyertaan 14,476.8 5,563.3 8,913.4 15,073.4 5,871.0 9,202.4
tenaga buruh
Labour force
participation rate

Guna tenaga 14,067.7 5,376.7 8,691.1
Employed

Guna tenaga dalam 1,403.1 689.1 714.0 1,386.4 536.0 850.4 1,256.2 548.9 707.2
sektor informal
Employment in the

informal sector

Sumbangan

daripada jumlah

guna tenaga (%) 10.0 12.8 8.2 9.6 9.6 9.5 8.3 9.4 7.7

Share from the total

employment

Guna tenaga dalam 12,313.8 4,951.0 7,362.9 12,841.7 5,190.9 7,650.8 13,532.3 5,550.7 7,981.6
sektor bukan
pertanian
Employment in

non-agricultural sector

Sumbangan guna

tenaga sektor

informal dalam

sektor bukan

pertanian (%) 11.4 13.9 9.7 10.8 10.3 11.1 9.3 9.9 8.9

Share of employment in

informal sector in non-

agricultural sector

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Laporan Survei Guna Tenaga Sektor Informal, DOSM
Source: Informal Sector Workforce Survey Report, DOSM
r Dikemaskini/ Revised

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.21 : Bilangan ahli lembaga pengarah mengikut sektor perbankan dan jantina, Malaysia, 2019‒2021

Table 1.21 : Number of board of directors by banking sector and sex, Malaysia, 2019‒2021

2019 2020 2021

Sektor perbankan Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki Jumlah Wanita Lelaki
Banking sector Total Women Men Total Women Men Men

Total Women

Jumlah 649 118 531 641 131 510 637 144 493
Total 224 41 183 226 52 174
236 47 189 229 45 184 220 55 165
Insurans
Insurance 91 16 75 90 21 69 228 53 175
98 14 84 96 13 83
Komersial & pelaburan 87 22 65
Commercial & investment
102 14 88
Takaful & retakaful
Takaful & re-takaful Sumber: Bank Negara Malaysia
Source: Bank Negara Malaysia
Islamik
Islamic

Nota/ Notes :
Rekod telah ditapis mengikut tahun 2019‒2021
Records have been filtered by year 2019‒2021

Dikemaskini sehingga: 31/12/2021
Updated until: 31/12/2021

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STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.22 : Bilangan lembaga pengarah syarikat yang berdaftar dengan Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia (SSM) mengikut sektor dan jantina, Malaysia,
Table 1.22 2019–2021

: Number of board of directors of companies registered with the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) by sector and sex, Malaysia, 2019‒2021

Sektor Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 Lelaki
Sector Total Men Total Wanita Men Total Men
Wanita Women 99,230 Wanita
Women 134,837 35,607 3,750 207,229 Women
4,744 1,588
Jumlah 187,570 50,241 137,329 1,963 994 7,439 55,554 151,675
Total 6,953 375
2,957 1,338 5,615 10,049 2,610 419 7,606 1,687 5,919
Pertanian, perhutanan dan 506
perikanan 14,556 503 2,454 87 478 2,729 524 2,205
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 671 3,372 11,184 603 16,180 4,198 11,982
125 8,306
Perlombongan dan pengkuarian 923 118 553 10,610 826 149 677
Mining and quarrying 15,259 2,304 26,377
162 761 36,510 877 169 708
Pembuatan 10,133 3,601
Manufacturing 3,143 12,116 4,764 17,153 3,820 13,333
1,163 5,008
Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan 7,152
pendingin udara 2,144 5,442
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning 6,974
supply 1,532

Bekalan air; pembentungan,
pengurusan sisa dan aktiviti
pemulihan
Water supply; sewerage, waste
management and remediation activities

Pembinaan
Construction

Perdagangan borong dan runcit; 54,430 14,551 39,879 53,202 15,091 38,111
pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan 6,143
motosikal 1,501 4,642 8,041 2,055 5,986
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
vehicles and motorcycles

Pengangkutan dan penyimpanan
Transportation and storage

Penginapan dan aktiviti 4,650 3,718 932 9,595 2,934 6,661
perkhidmatan makanan dan 9,659
minuman 1,992 7,667 9,639 2,222 7,417
Accommodation and food and beverage
service activities

Maklumat dan komunikasi
Information and communication

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.22 : Bilangan lembaga pengarah syarikat yang berdaftar dengan Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia (SSM) mengikut sektor dan jantina, Malaysia,
Table 1.22 2019–2021 (samb.)

: Number of board of directors of companies registered with the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) by sector and sex, Malaysia, 2019‒2021 (cont'd)

Sektor Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020 Lelaki Jumlah 2021 Lelaki
Sector Total Wanita Men Total Men Total Men
14,253 Women 10,765 Wanita Wanita
Aktiviti kewangan dan insurans/ 9,127 Women Women
takaful 12,269 3,488 13,113
Financial and insurance/ takaful 17,734 10,549 2,579 7,970 18,562 4,832 13,730
activities 3,142 8,996
12,704 7,371 1,889 5,482 12,282 3,210 9,072
Aktiviti hartanah 4,621
Real estate activities 13,988 3,662 10,326 21,022 5,645 15,377
3,708
Aktiviti profesional, saintifik 8,410 2,419 5,991 11,902 3,373 8,529
dan teknikal
Professional, scientific and technical
activities

Aktiviti pentadbiran dan khidmat
sokongan
Administrative and support service activities

Pentadbiran awam dan 1,290 380 910 1,156 330 826 2,099 574 1,525
pertahanan; aktiviti
keselamatan sosial wajib 3,329 1,278 2,051 2,442 871 1,571 3,280 1,134 2,146
Public administration and defence; 3,306 1,228 2,078
compulsory social security 1,588 1,218 2,232 873 1,359 3,603 1,385 2,218
4,827 370 3,231
Pendidikan 1,596 1,057 267 790 1,768 487 1,281
Education 65 35 3,699 1,228 2,471 6,633 2,000 4,633
4 30 2
Aktiviti kesihatan kemanusiaan 2 56 22 34 33 9 24
dan kerja sosial 2 0 2
Human health and social work
activities
Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi
Arts, entertainment and recreation

Aktiviti perkhidmatan lain
Other service activities

Aktiviti isi rumah sebagai majikan
Activities of households as employers

Tidak aktif N 197 56 141
Not active o
Sumber: Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia
Nota/ Notes : Source: Companies Commission of Malaysia
Rekod telah ditapis mengikut tahun 2019‒2021
Records have been filtered by year 2019‒2021

Dikemaskini sehingga: 31/12/2021
Updated until: 31/12/2021

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.23 : Peratusan isi rumah yang hidup di bawah paras kemiskinan antarabangsa mengikut negeri
Table 1.23 dan jantina ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2016 dan 2019

: Percentage of households living below the international poverty line by state and sex of head of households,

Malaysia, 2016 and 2019

(%)

Negeri Jumlah 2016r Lelaki Jumlah 2019 Lelaki
State Total Men Total Men
Wanita Wanita
Women Women

MALAYSIA 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01

Johor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kedah 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kelantan 0.11 0.00 0.14 0.09 0.00 0.11
Melaka 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Negeri Sembilan 0.02 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Pahang 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Perak 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.09 0.00
Perlis 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Pulau Pinang 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sabah 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.06 0.03 0.06
Sarawak 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01
Selangor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Terengganu 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.04
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
W.P. Labuan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
W.P. Putrajaya 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM
Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM

Nota/ Note :
r Dikemaskini berdasarkan metodologi Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan 2019
Upload based on methodology of Poverty Line Income 2019

157

STATISTIK PEMERKASAAN WANITA DALAM DOMAIN TERPILIH, MALAYSIA, 2022

STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.24 : Peratusan isi rumah yang hidup di bawah paras kemiskinan nasional mengikut negeri dan jantina ketua isi rumah,
Table 1.24 Malaysia, 2016, 2019 dan 2020

: Percentage of households living below the national poverty line by state and sex of head of households, Malaysia, 2016, 2019 and 2020

(%)

Negeri Jumlah 2016r Lelaki Jumlah 2019 Lelaki Jumlah 2020e Lelaki
State Total Men Total Men Total Men
Wanita Wanita Wanita
Women Women Women

MALAYSIA 7.6 8.5 7.4 5.6 5.4 6.0 8.4 n.s n.s

Johor 6.2 7.5 5.9 3.9 4.2 3.8 5.9 n.s n.s
8.8 6.4 9.3 12.7 n.s n.s
Kedah 14.3 14.4 14.3 12.4 9.1 13.1 21.2 n.s n.s
3.9 4.1 3.8
Kelantan 19.5 13.8 20.9 4.3 4.5 4.2 6.1 n.s n.s
4.3 4.2 4.3 6.5 n.s n.s
Melaka 2.6 4.5 2.2 7.3 4.9 7.9 8.8 n.s n.s
3.9 4.6 3.8 11.4 n.s n.s
Negeri Sembilan 6.4 8.3 6.0 1.9 2.3 1.8 9.9 n.s n.s
19.5 16.2 20.2 3.3 n.s n.s
Pahang 9.2 9.5 9.1 9.0 7.4 9.4 25.3 n.s n.s
1.2 1.8 1.1 12.9 n.s n.s
Perak 8.2 9.7 7.8 6.1 4.7 6.3 1.7 n.s n.s
0.2 0.3 0.1 12.0 n.s n.s
Perlis 7.2 9.6 6.9 3.1 1.8 3.3 0.4 n.s n.s
0.4 1.1 0.2 5.2 n.s n.s
Pulau Pinang 2.2 4.4 1.6 0.2 n.s n.s

Sabah 23.9 22.8 24.1

Sarawak 11.9 11.1 12.1

Selangor 0.8 1.5 0.7

Terengganu 6.8 8.5 6.5

W.P. Kuala Lumpur 0.8 1.4 0.6

W.P. Labuan 6.8 7.7 6.7

W.P. Putrajaya 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sumber: Laporan Survei Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, DOSM
Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, DOSM

Nota/ Notes :
r Dikemaskini berdasarkan metodologi Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan 2019
Upload based on methodology of Poverty Line Income 2019
e Anggaran berdasarkan daripada Anggaran Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Insiden Kemiskinan 2020
Estimate based on Household Income Estimates and Incidence of Poverty Report 2020

n.s.: Tidak signifikan
Not significant

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STRUKTUR EKONOMI, PENYERTAAN DALAM AKTIVITI PRODUKTIF DAN AKSES KEPADA SUMBER
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, PARTICIPATION IN PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Jadual 1.25 : Peratusan orang dewasa yang memiliki akaun di bank atau institusi kewangan lain
Table 1.25 atau dengan penyedia perkhidmatan wang bergerak mengikut jantina, Malaysia,
2018–2020

: Percentage of adults with an account at a financial institution or mobile-money-service provider

by sex, Malaysia, 2018‒2020

Jantina 2018 2019 (%)
Sex 2020

Malaysia 95.5 96.0 95.9

Wanita 95.2 96.7 96.5
Women

Lelaki 95.8 95.3 95.3
Men

Nota/ Note : Sumber: Bank Negara Malaysia
Source: Central Bank of Malaysia
Golongan dewasa merujuk kepada penduduk berumur 15 tahun dan ke atas
Adults refers to population aged 15 years old and over

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