SCIENCE FORM 2 CHAPTER 1 (1.2)

CHAPTER 1

Content

1.0 Biodiversity
1.1 Diversity of organisms
1.2 Classification of organisms

2

Plants

Flowering Plants Non-flowering Plants

Examples Examples

Plants Do not produce flowers

Produce flowers

Single blade Leaves divided Needle-like Leaves divided
leaves into leaflets leaves into leaflets

Leave with Leaves with Leaves with
parallel veins network- network-like

like veins veins

Leaves with
parallel veins

Non-flowering plants

• Further divided to conifers, ferns, mosses, and algae
• Conifers

 Reproduce by seeds produced in cones
 Have needle-like leaves
 Example: casuarinas, pine
• Ferns
 Reproduced by spores on the underside of leaves
 Example: Bird’s nest fern, stag’s horn fern

• Mosses
 Reproduce by spores produced in capsules

 Example: White moss

• Algae
 Very simple plants

 No proper roots, stems, leaves

 Example: Seaweed

Flowering plants

•Produce flower for reproduction
•Flower  fruits and seeds  new plants
•Based on the seeds they produce, flowering plants can be further
divided into 2 groups

Flowering plants

Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

Have seeds with one cotyledon Have seeds with two cotyledon

Monocotyledon Dicotyledon

• Each seed has only one cotyledon
One cotyledon

A maize grain cut into half

• Their leaves have parallel veins

Parallel
veins
Maize
Fibrous roots
• They have fibrous roots

•Mostly are herbaceous plant (plants with non-woody
stems)

•Examples: Grasses, sugar cane, banana, paddy, and
orchid plants

• Each seed has two cotyledons
Two cotyledons

A green bean (split into two)

• Their leaves have network-like veins

Balsam plant Network-like
Tap root veins
• They have fibrous tap roots

•They may be trees, shrubs or herbaceous

•Examples: Rubber and durian trees, hibiscus, morning glory
and sunflower plants

QUIZ (GOOGLE FORM)

1.2 CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS

https://forms.gle/v1Uh2g9hR91B3GbM7

Dichotomous Key

 Method used to identify and classify organisms
 Based on similarities and differences of organisms
 Consists of a series of couplets
 Each couplet consists of two statements describing characteristics of organism

Constructing
Dichotomous key
Using Statements

Constructing
Dichotomous key

Using Chart

TEST YOURSELF

QUESTION 1

QUESTION 2

Taxonomy Groups

QUIZ (GOOGLE FORM)

1.2 DICHOTOMOUS KEYS

https://forms.gle/FWH46p2YntjprfkMA