SCIENCE FORM 1 CHAPTER 6 (6.1)

CHAPTER 6:

Periodic
Table

6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS

MATTER  consists of small and discrete

particles which are known as atoms

ATOM

He He Na

He He Atom Natrium

Helium gas Al

Atom Aluminium

THE STRUCTURE OF AN ATOM

PLANET ELECTRON

SUN NUCLEUS
ORBIT
SHELL
SOLAR SYSTEM
ATOM

+ Proton @ Neutron
(positive) (no charge)
- Electron
(negative)

MOLECULE

Neutral particles made up of
two or more atoms

Oxygen Carbon Water
dioxide
Glucose

Sulphur

ATOMS MOLECULES
Smallest particle
Made up of 2 or more atoms
(same type)

Gold Oxygen (O2)

MOLECULE
ELEMENT COMPOUND

• The simplest form of substance.

ELEMENT • Only one type of atom in an
element

Oxygen Hydrogen Fe Fe

Iron

Al Al

Sulphur Aluminium

COMPOUND • Two or more elements combined
chemically

• Produced from chemical reaction

Aluminium Carbon Water
oxide dioxide
Glucose
ammonia

2. How can the components of
a compound be separated?

electrolysis

6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS

METAL

AND

NON-METAL

Differences Between Metal and
Non-Metal

METAL DIFFERENCES NON-METAL
Shiny Dull
Ductile APPEARANCE Brittle
DUCTILITY (able to be
Malleable Non-malleable
pulled into wire)
High Low (break easily)
MALLEABILITY (able
to be shape)

TENSILE STRENGTH

METAL DIFFERENCES NON-METAL
Good conductor ELECTRICITY Poor conductor
CONDUCTIVITY (except carbon and
Good conductor
High HEAT silicon)
High CONDUCTIVITY Poor conductor

DENSITY Low

MELTING/BOILING Low
POINT