WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 PREVENTING WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 2 Stacking Up Safety Working in a warehouse environment, it can feel like hazards are lurking around every corner and on every shelf. These hazards are addressed in OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910. Additionally, Section 5(a)(1) requires employers to: “furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees.” Taking proper safety precautions and awareness go a long way to preventing workplace incidents and accidents—and avoiding costly fines. Your Safety Guide Consider this book your high-level safety course for keeping workers safe in warehouse workspaces. From ergonomics to machine safety to disaster preparedness, there are a lot of precautions to take.
REXELUSA.COM Page 3 Ergonomics & Musculoskeletal Disorders Page 4 Powered Industrial Trucks (Forklifts) Page 8 Material Handling & Hazardous Chemicals Page 14 Slips, Trips, and Falls Page 16 Emergency Planning Page 22 Electrical Hazards Page 26 Lockout/Tagout Page 30 Heat Illness Page 34 Automation & Robotics Page 36 Refrigerated Warehouse Page 40 Stress & Fatigue Page 42 Warehouse Safety 101
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 4 Ergonomics & Musculoskeletal Disorders Poor ergonomic working conditions can cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Whether you work on a construction site, factory floor, or behind a desk all day, uncomfortable positions, movements, and repetitive actions can cause MSDs. So, addressing ergonomic risk factors is critical to workplace safety. Understand Ergonomic Risk Factors Before addressing the risk, you must first understand the types of postures, movements, and actions that can cause MSDs. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) identifies various ergonomic risk factors. When you evaluate jobs and tasks, look for the following factors. Awkward Postures – Unnatural positions can be irritating in the short term and cause lasting damage over time. Awkward postures include bent, extended, or flexed positions that increase exertion and compress nerves, tendons, and blood vessels. Contact Stress – When soft tissue comes into contact with hard objects, there is a potential for contact stress. The hard object can be external (e.g., desks or machinery) or internal (e.g., nerves, muscles, or tendons against bone). Tissue damage can occur from repeated exposure over time. Hand-Arm Vibration – When vibration is transferred from a work process to a person’s hands and arms, it can cause tingling and numbness in the fingers, hands, and arms and can lead to painful and potentially disabling conditions. Lifting Bulky Loads – Lifting loads over 50lb and/or of awkward size can stress the muscles, discs, and
REXELUSA.COM Page 5 vertebrae and result in muscle pulls, back sprains, spinal injuries, elbow injuries, and wrist injuries. Overhead Work – Tasks that require workers to raise one or both arms can result in rotator cuff tears, tendinitis, sprains, bursitis, arthritis, and neck tension. The risks of overhead work can be compounded when bending, twisting, and flexing actions are required. Poor Shoulder/Wrist Posture – Work positions that prevent neutral shoulder and wrist alignments can cause MSDs over time. Contributing factors include high or low work surfaces and unsupported positions. Twisting and Carrying Loads – When carrying loads, improper form and movement can result in strains, sprains, fractures, and misalignments. The back is especially susceptible to injuries from twisting and carrying loads. Whole Body Vibration – When workers stand, sit, or recline on equipment and absorb its mechanical vibrations, it can cause back and neck injuries, neuropathy, and many other health conditions. Wrist Deviations – Unsupported and/or repetitious wrist movements (bending, twisting, and turning) can cause MSDs, including tunnel syndromes and tendonitis. The pain and discomfort may be acute, but these conditions typically develop over time and require surgery. Identify Hazards The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) encourages employers to periodically review their facilities to identify conditions that create ergonomic risk factors. To prevent MSDs, observe workplace conditions, and look for the following hazards. Awkward Positions – Look for positions that put stress on the body, including reaching, kneeling, squatting, leaning, twisting, and bending.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 6 Excessive Force – Look for tasks and actions that require workers to exert excessive force, including heavy lifting, pulling or pushing heavy loads, controlling tools and equipment, and manually pouring materials. Localized Pressure – Look for tasks, positions, and actions that press a part of the body or the entire body against hard or sharp edges or using the hand as a hammer. Repetitive Tasks – Look for tasks or actions that require workers to perform the same motions or series of movements repeatedly or frequently over an extended period. Vibration – Look for tasks and actions that put workers in contact with machines, tools, and conveyances (e.g., lawnmowers and forklifts), transferring vibration to the body or body parts. Cold Temperatures – Combining any of these hazards with low temperatures can increase the potential for MSDs. Signs of Stress – Observing workers can provide the most telling cues that ergonomic risk factors may be present and MSDs may develop. Look for people modifying tools and equipment, rolling their shoulders, shaking their arms and hands, and bringing belts and braces into the workplace. Implement Controls to Prevent MSDs OSHA identifies the following types of controls to improve ergonomic conditions and reduce the chance of injury. Engineering Controls – Implementing physical changes in the workplace to eliminate or reduce ergonomic risk factors. For example, modifications that eliminate and reduce awkward postures and allow a comfortable range of motion are engineering controls. Administrative and Work Practice Controls – Establishing efficient practices and procedures and providing consistent training can prevent MSDs. For example, requiring two workers to lift and handle heavy loads can prevent spinal injuries. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Providing wearable equipment to protect workers from ergonomic risk factors can also prevent MSDs. For example, thermal gloves that allow for a full range of motion can protect workers’ hands from cold conditions and contact stress.
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WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 8 Powered Industrial Trucks (Forklifts) OSHA outlines several topics for ensuring safe powered industrial truck operation. This section will address each topic to help you improve driving safety in your facility. Mounting and Dismounting Driving hazards are not limited to vehicle operation. It’s important to be conscious and aware when mounting and dismounting to promote driving safety for powered industrial trucks. Get a Grip – Prevent slipping when grabbing handholds by ensuring your hands are clean and dry. And be sure to use the handhold for balance and avoid using the steering wheel, which can move. Step Carefully – Avoid slips, trips, and falls when stepping on and off industrial trucks. Wearing footwear with an appropriate tread can help you keep your footing. And check your shoes for grease and other slippery substances. Watch Your Head – Take care when entering the vehicle and avoid hitting your head on the overhead cage. Starting and Stopping To ensure driving safety for powered industrial trucks, you need to be mindful from the beginning to the end of each trip.
REXELUSA.COM Page 9 Check it Out – Before each ride, perform a pre-operation inspection and conduct an operational check after starting your engine. Clear the Way – Before each ride, make sure your path is clear. When necessary, sound your horn in warning and use a spotter when your view is obstructed. Park Safely – You should only park in authorized areas that do not block aisles or exits. And if you’re parked on an incline, be sure to block the wheels. Proceed with Caution – Move at a slow, steady pace while watching carefully for people. Be particularly careful around known blind spots. Stop Gently – Always apply the brake slowly to come to a stop, neutralize the controls, turn off the ignition, and set the parking brake. Operating at Speed When addressing driving safety for powered industrial trucks, you should always control the vehicle, and speed is a significant factor in control. Keep an Eye on the Path Ahead – You should always focus on the path ahead and maintain a clear view. Always look in the direction you’re traveling. Observe the Limits – Driving too fast or taking turns rapidly can tip your vehicle. Watch your speed and make sure you always adhere to posted speed limits and warning signs. Make Your Presence Known – Sound the horn as you approach aisles and walkways and whenever your line of vision is obscured. Slow Down for Intersections – Approach cross aisles and walkways slowly and cautiously to avoid accidents and collisions. Steering, Turning, and Changing Direction Once you’re moving, operating your vehicle safely is critical to driving safety for powered industrial trucks. Avoid Potential Hazards – Be mindful of the potential for tip-over and collisions and take steps to avoid both. Back Cautiously – When moving in reverse, look in the direction you’re traveling and go slow. Watch out for people entering and objects obstructing your path.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 10 Be Aware of Your Visibility – Use your guides and mirrors to increase your visibility and use spotters as needed. Reduce Your Speed for Turns – Take wide turns and reduce your speed to prevent tip-overs and collisions, especially in confined areas and narrow aisles. Stop Before Changing Direction – Come to a complete stop before changing the direction of your powered industrial truck. Traveling on Inclines When thinking about driving safety for powered industrial trucks, caution when traveling on inclines is an important topic. Here are some things to keep in mind. Don’t Lift on a Grade – Don’t lift the vehicle’s forks on a grade. Drive Loads Forward – When going up a ramp, drive the truck forward to go up. Reverse Down Ramps – Ease loads back down the ramp to stabilize them. Parking Next up is parking. We touched on this briefly under Stopping and Starting. Now it’s time to go a bit more indepth. Neutralize the Controls – Before exiting the vehicle, set the lever to neutral, lower the forks, turn the key to off, and remove the key. Park in Authorized Areas – Park in established areas away from aisles, stairways, exits, and fire equipment. And take care not to block traffic. Properly Secure the Vehicle – Whenever the powered industrial truck is not in use, it should be appropriately secured to prevent unintended movement. Select a Level Surface – Avoid parking on grades and inclines and select level surfaces for parking. If you must park on a grade, block the wheels.
REXELUSA.COM Page 11 Safe Travel Practices In addition to the topics and tips above, the following are important to remember for safe travel practices and driving safety for powered industrial trucks. Be on the Look Out for Obstructions – Avoid loose objects and look out for bumps and uneven surfaces— even a small jolt can cause a load to fall. Do Not Pass – Don’t pass other trucks traveling in the same direction. Eyes on the “Road” – Whether you’re turning, reversing, or just moving forward, keep your eyes on the path you’re traveling. Keep a Clear View – If your load obstructs your view of the path ahead, turn to travel in reverse. Lower Your Load – When traveling, keep the load lowered to prevent it from falling. Observe All Traffic Regulations – Follow facility rules, posted signs, and OSHA standards and guidelines. Only Drive Over Secure Services – Secure dock boards and bridge plates before driving over them, and then proceed with caution. People and Fixed Objects Don’t Mix – Never drive toward someone who is in front of a fixed object (e.g., a bench or rack). Shut Down in Elevators – Be sure to approach elevators squarely and slowly, and then neutralize controls, turn off the power, and set the brake. Slow Down on Slippery Surfaces – If you know a surface to be wet or slippery, reduce your speed and exercise caution. Stay Inside – Keep your hands, arms, feet, and legs inside the truck when it’s in motion. This will prevent cuts, scraps, amputations, and crushing injuries. Travel Alone – Never carry passengers. And do not carry people on forks or in lift basekts. Visibility Visibility is one of the most essential elements of driving safety for powered industrial trucks. Many of the topics above touch on it because it’s critical to avoiding collisions and falling loads.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 12 Look Where You’re Going – Your eyes should be pointed in the direction of travel at all times. Maintain a Sightline – Whenever possible, maintain a clear line of sight in the direction you’re traveling. That may mean moving in reverse when a load obstructs your view. Stay Away from the Edge – Be careful when driving on loading docks and other areas where there’s a potential for a drop. Use a Spotter – When you cannot see clearly, have someone on the ground help guide your movements with verbal commands. And use your mirrors to increase visibility. Tip-Over Driving safety for powered industrial trucks is meant to prevent tipping, but that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t be prepared if a tipping accident does occur. If tip-over does happen, here are some tips to prevent or reduce the severity of injuries. Don’t Jump – Stay in the forklift to avoid being crushed. Hold On – Keep your grip tight on the steering wheel. Lean Away – Lean your body away from the impact. For more information on these driving safety for powered industrial trucks topics, visit the OSHA website.
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WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 14 Material Handling & Hazardous Chemicals Identify Hazardous Materials The first step is to identify all hazardous materials onsite at your facility. This might seem simple enough, but things get a little trickier when we actually define hazardous materials. According to OSHA, a hazardous material is any item or agent (biological, chemical, radiological, and/or physical) that has the potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment either by itself or through interaction with other factors. Employers are required to adhere to regulations around proper handling, labeling, record keeping, training, and storage of hazardous materials. With that definition in mind, carefully take inventory of the materials present in your facility. These materials may include: ⏹ Cleaners – Including ammonia, chlorine bleach, toilet bowl cleaner, and drain cleaner ⏹ Combustibles – Including gasoline, oxygen, propane, welding gases, and acetylene ⏹ Finishes – Including stains and lacquers ⏹ Lubricants – Including grease and machine oil ⏹ Paint – Including latex, oil-based, and spray ⏹ Strippers and Thinners – Including paint thinner, lacquer thinner, and turpentine ⏹ Other – Including coolant, acid flux, and Isopropyl alcohol
REXELUSA.COM Page 15 This list is not all inclusive. You can find a more comprehensive list on the OSHA website. Use SDS Sheets After identifying the materials onsite, step two requires employers to go online and download the corresponding SDS (Safety Data Sheets) for each material found. Previously, these sheets were referred to as Material Safety Data Sheets. The newly designed SDS sheets provide an organized and detailed collection of information covering health risks, environmental hazards, protective measures, flammability information, etc. We recommend facility managers order a Brady® Safety Data Sheet binder where they can keep these files organized and easy to reference at a moment’s notice. Train Employees on Handling and Exposure Proper employee training is critical. Every employee must be trained to recognize the signs and symptoms of hazardous material exposures. While some effects are instant following acute exposure, other health issues are cumulative based on long-term exposure. Training should cover the hazardous materials present in your facility and the risks associated with each, going into detail on proper container labeling. The Globally Harmonized System (GHS) was enacted worldwide by chemical manufacturers and the major chemical-producing nations. It provides standardized visual and text data labeling requirements for each type of chemical hazard, whether liquid, gas, or solid. With these standards in effect, facilities must be certain every container, including secondary containers, is properly labeled. Standards cover not only proper labeling but safe storage, as well. Flammables cabinets, DOTapproved gas cans, and the proper storage of compressed gas cylinders are all critical to a safe workplace. Maintain Compliance After proceeding through the three steps above, your facility should be in compliance with hazardous material standards. The on-going job now is to maintain that compliance with scheduled facility assessments and regular employee training.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 16 Slips, Trips, and Falls Simply walking to your desk or through your warehouse may be the most dangerous part of your day. In moments like these, most of us are on autopilot and deep in thought that we can slip, trip, and fall. That’s why fall prevention is a critical part of any facility’s safety program. You can prevent serious and even fatal accidents by eliminating hazards, maintaining clear walkways, and meeting safety standards and requirements. Let’s start by breaking down each type of incident. Slips – Loss of balance caused by a lack of traction. Slick surfaces caused by spills and weather hazards are most often the issue. Inattention, hurrying, and inappropriate footwear can be contributing factors. Trips – Loss of balance caused by a foot striking an object. Walkway obstructions, loose equipment, and untethered cords are often the cause. Inattention and hurrying can be contributing factors. Falls – Loss of balance causing bodily contact with the ground or another object. Falls can occur when a body is moved too far off-center balance and/or when a proper personal fall arrest system (PFAS) is unavailable or used improperly. Inattention and hurrying can be contributing factors. These types of workplace accidents come down to three key factors:
REXELUSA.COM Page 17 Friction – The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. Momentum – The motion of an object, measured as a product of its mass and velocity. Gravity – The force attracting an object toward the center of the Earth. When friction is lacking and/or momentum is too great, the results can be devastating, causing debilitating injuries and even death. Slip, Trip, and Fall Statistics According to OSHA, most general industry accidents and 15% of all accidental deaths occur due to slipping, tripping, and falling. These types of injuries result in more fatalities than all other causes apart from motor vehicle accidents. OSHA estimates that over 200,000 serious injuries and 345 fatalities occur among workers every year. A fall prevention program could have prevented most of these accidents, keeping workers healthy and whole while saving employers money. Slips, trips, and falls are commonly caused by wet, oily, or messy workplaces. Sorbents, matting, and housekeeping can prevent such injuries. And fall arrest equipment and training are critical when working at height, and ladder safety is also critical in providing a safe workplace. 5 Steps to Minimize Risks When friction is lacking and/or momentum is too great, the results can be devastating, causing debilitating injuries and even death. From best practices to required standards, there are various ways to reduce risks and prevent injuries. Here is a process to help you assess your facility and create a prevention program. 1. GENERAL HOUSEKEEPING ⏹ Ensure your workplace is kept clean and sanitary. ⏹ Keep floor areas clean and dry. ⏹ Keep walkways, stairways, and paths clear of debris and refuse. ⏹ Be sure rugs or matting is secure with edges and corners flat on the floor. ⏹ Winter ice should be addressed immediately. ⏹ Water and spills should be cleaned up or the area marked off until cleared.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 18 2. AISLES AND PASSAGEWAYS ⏹ Clear the area of hazardous obstructions. ⏹ Be sure to label permanent aisles and passageways properly. ⏹ Each aisle must be wide enough for PITs (powered industrial trucks) or handling equipment. ⏹ The minimum requirement for emergency route walkways is 28 inches. 3. COVERS AND GUARDRAILS ⏹ Provide covers, shields, and/or guardrails to protect workers from exposures to hazards of open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, or similar structures. ⏹ Protect workers performing or exposed to “hot work,” generating welding or grinding sparks, riveting projectiles, and light. 4. STAIR STANDARDS ⏹ Stairs must be provided where regular access is required to move from one level to another and must be constructed to carry five times the anticipated live load and never less than a 1,000 lb load. ⏹ Fixed stairs should have a minimum width of 22 inches. If tread is present, it should be constructed out of reasonably non-slip material or coating. 5. RAILING STANDARDS ⏹ Railings and toe boards must be used (regardless of height) to guard: open-sided floors, walkways, platforms, and runways above or adjacent to dangerous equipment. 12 Tips for Improving Ladder Safety Here are a few OSHA regulations that must be followed in the workplace and should also be followed when working at home. 1. SELECT THE RIGHT LADDER FOR THE JOB Ladders should have legible labels on the side rail that indicate the total weight load allowed and ladder classification, including the worker, tools, and materials allowed. And, that label must also indicate the safe working height. OSHA requires that these labels be in place and visible. 2. DON’T OVERREACH The most common safety error is overreaching. This can cause a step ladder to topple or an extension ladder
REXELUSA.COM Page 19 to slide sideways along a surface. Injuries are often serious and sometimes fatal. Overreaching is considered moving a shoulder past the center line of the ladder. 3. MAINTAIN THREE POINTS OF CONTACT Three points of contact must be maintained when climbing and working on a ladder. That means a combination of hands and feet. If a task requires both hands to be free, a scaffold, scissor lift, or other elevated platform should be implemented. 4. FACE THE LADDER WHEN CLIMBING AND WORKING To maintain balance, it’s critical that the body is pointed toward the ladder at all times. Twisting, bending, and turning can disrupt that balance and cause a fall. 5. LADDERS ARE DESIGNED FOR ONE PERSON AT A TIME It’s never safe for more than one person to be on a ladder at one time. Not only does it disrupt the balance of the ladder and the people on it, but it also puts multiple people in danger. 6. USE STEP LADDERS AS INTENDED When using a step ladder, all four feet must be on a flat, level surface. Never climb a step ladder that is leaning against a wall or support. Do not step higher than the third step from the top. Paint/tool trays that fold down on the back of a step ladder are not steps and not designed to support a person, nor are the rungs on the back of a step ladder. 7. MIND LIMITS FOR EXTENSION LADDERS Extension ladders come in many forms and have defined limits for use. They should always extend three feet beyond the top ledge of the building. Often, two workers are required to set the ladder up properly. Ergonomic injuries often occur when ladders are caught by a gust of wind or snag on a tree branch. The base of the ladder should be one foot out from the wall for every four feet of elevation. This provides the safest angle, and most ladders have flats on the rungs that meet this angle. And again, the label should be in clear sight on the side rail.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 20 8. BEWARE OF ELECTRICAL CONTACT When doing electrical work, use non-conductive ladders made of wood or fiberglass. Electrical shocks can cause or compound fall injuries and even cause death. 9. KEEP HANDS FREE FOR CLIMBING Tools and equipment should be brought up in a tool belt, not carried by hand. Additionally, you can use tethering devices for the safe use of portable power and hand tools at height. Not only does keeping your hands free prevent falls, but it will also help you avoid dropped-from-above accidents. 10. INSPECT LADDER CONDITION REGULARLY All ladders should be inspected for damage, missing labels, condition of non-skid pads, hardware, latches, ropes, pulleys, and cleats. Damaged ladders must be taken out of service until repairs are made. 11. TETHER STORED LADDERS Stored ladders of any kind must be tethered to a wall or support. Many injuries take place when a ladder is bumped and tips onto nearby workers. 12. GET VERTICAL LADDERS INSPECTED Fixed vertical ladders require complete inspection by a competent person on a regular basis depending on environmental and use conditions. OSHA regulations regarding the safety devices for these ladders have changed recently.
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WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 22 Emergency Planning The idea of having an emergency action plan can seem far-fetched. When will we ever need to use it? But will you and the employees at your company be prepared to act fast and in a safe manner if disaster were to strike at your facility? Emergencies and disasters can happen even in the safest work environments—so you must be prepared for them. Proper planning can be the difference between life and death when the unimaginable happens. Employers should have an emergency plan for their warehouses, including expectations, procedures, and equipment guidance. Disaster Preparedness Disaster preparedness should include natural disasters, accidents, and pandemics. You shouldn’t wait for something to happen. If you haven’t evaluated your plans and policies—or if you don’t have any—get started with these four steps.
REXELUSA.COM Page 23 STEP 1: MAKE A PLAN From accidents to natural disasters to pandemics, it’s not if but when. The trick is to be prepared. Disaster preparedness starts with a plan, and any good plan incorporates the recommendations of qualified agencies, including the CDC, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and the OSHA. Your plan should incorporate equipment (e.g., first-aid kit, PPE, etc.), communication, coverage, and safety protocols, and it should be reviewed and updated regularly. It’s worth noting that OSHA is considering a compiance standard for adding a pandemic response plan to employer safety manuals. STEP 2: BUILD A KIT Just like private residences, your company should have supplies on hand should injuries arise and/or to keep workers safe should there be a disaster. OSHA requires employers to provide medical and first aid personnel and supplies commensurate with workplace hazards as well as PPE to protect workers and prevent injuries. You can take disaster preparedness to the next level by going beyond by including cleaners and sanitizers, signage and marking tape, automated external defibrillations (AED), and even first-aid training for designated staff. STEP 3: PREPARE FOR INCIDENTS AND DISASTERS Take steps prepare for accidents and to limit the impact of disasters on your facility. In the case of safety incidents, be aware of the hazards in your facility, take steps to mitigate or eliminate the, and have supplies on hand to deal with accidents when they occur. For natural disasters, get acquainted with the risks in your area and verify you have appropriate insurance levels. And learn how to make your building stronger and more secure in the face of storms and other common hazards. STEP 4: TEACH EMPLOYEES ABOUT DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Communication is critical before, during, and after accidents, disasters, and pandemics. Include disaster preparedness in employee onboarding, train workers on procedures, and keep everyone informed when events unfold.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 24 Emergency Action Plan Preparing for emergencies should include an escape route map posted at every employee and visitor entry. In the event of a fire, people need to be able to reference your emergency action plan quickly and easily. Employers should ensure facilities meet compliance standards for emergency exit routes, walkways, and egress points. As we discuss this segment, questions often arise regarding emergency lighting systems and exit signs. It is important to note the following regulations from OSHA and the consensus organization National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA). As you read through the above regulations, there is one very important thing to remember. Inspect your emergency exit systems monthly and test them annually. Document your inspection dates and tests. Keep the records organized with your facility’s safety files and make sure they are easy to locate and reference. OSHA CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS 29CFR1910.37(B) ⏹ If the direction of travel to exit or discharge is not apparent, signs must be posted along the exit access indicating the direction to the nearest exit ⏹ A line of sight to an exit sign must be clearly visible at all times ⏹ Adequate and reliable illumination for all exits ⏹ Proper maintenance to ensure exit lighting is in good operating condition at all times NFPA 70 – NATIONAL ELECTRIC CODE ⏹ Requires specific illumination and performance of emergency and exit lights ⏹ Provides functional standards for battery-powered emergency and exit lighting NFPA 101 – LIFE SAFETY CODE ⏹ Requires a monthly inspection of all emergency- and exitlighting systems ⏹ Requires an annual test of all emergency- and exitlighting systems NFPA 1997 5-9.3 ⏹ Periodic testing of emergency lighting equipment ⏹ An annual test shall be conducted for a 1-1/2 hour duration, and equipment shall be fully functional for the duration of the test
REXELUSA.COM Page 25 INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE ⏹ Requires proper illumination of means of egress ⏹ Requires assurance that emergency and exit lighting systems will provide illumination for at least 60 minutes STANDARD FIRE PREVENTION CODE 1999 807.1.4 ⏹ Exit illumination and signs require a functional test that shall be conducted on every required emergency lighting system at 30-day intervals for a minimum of 30-seconds *Please note, that the above-referenced standards are only segments of the entire sections from their respective organizations. Evacuation Plans and Procedures eTool OSHA offers an online tool to help you develop a comprehensive Emergency Action Plan (EPA). This tool provides regulations, guidience, and interactive tools. You can access the eTool here.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 26 Electrical Hazards Grounding and Bonding Electrical grounding and bonding are essential when employees are working with electrical equipment, cables, and conductors. Grounding helps to prevent electricity from coming into contact with the body, making it part of an electrical circuit. Remember, humans are made up of about 73% water—we are excellent conductors! Unfortunately, the electrical current path through humans does damage, causing injury or even death. The extent of damage that occurs is dependent on three factors: ⏹ The voltage/amperage of current passing through the body ⏹ The route the current takes ⏹ The length of exposure to the current Shocks Cause Serious Injuries Even current as low as 50 volts can cause serious injury if the duration of the exposure is long enough. Injuries begin with minor nerve damage and advance to severe pain, difficulty breathing, burns (first, second, and thirddegree,) loss of muscle control, internal bleeding, muscle and tissue damage, and cardiac arrest. Secondary injuries, such as broken bones, can occur if the victim falls. There is also the chance for a bystander to be injured if they attempt to rescue the energized victim. The damage from electrical shock may not appear immediately. It can take hours, days, or even months after the event. The physical damage may seem minor, but the internal damage can be much more severe. Medical professionals should do continuous monitoring of the injury.
REXELUSA.COM Page 27 Prevention and Protection are Key Assess the environment. You may know that electrical hazards increase in wet conditions, dimly lit areas, when using aged or deteriorated electrical equipment, and when the grounding system within the structure is insufficient. You also need to know the supply voltage. And, most importantly, you need to know what protective gear (PPE) is required. This can only be accomplished through a proper and complete arc hazard analysis. Arc Flash Arc flash analysis will provide the Cal rating, arc hazard category, and safe boundary for technicians who access the panel, wiring, or electrical equipment. Arc flash audits must take place within five years of inital assessments, and workers must be trained every three years. Once the analysis is performed, the information should be posted at each electrical service panel. At a minimum, FR clothing is mandatory for 50 volts AC/DC or greater (as per, OSHA and NFPA 70E). The NFPA70E standard continues to require Cal Rated clothing, face and head protection, eyewear, voltage gloves, and voltage-rated tools as the hazard risk categories increase.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 28 Lockout/Tagout A comprehensive annually audited lockout/tagout program can reduce electrical hazard exposures (see the Lockout/Tagout section of this book). This program can save lives, reduce injuries, and reduce workman’s compensation costs and liability insurance when correctly done. The significant advantages of electrical safety programs can include increased productivity and a safer workplace for all. Basic Safety Precautions Prevent BIG Problems Taking basic steps toward electrical safety can prevent serious injuries and even death. Basic safety measures include: ⏹ Staying dry, both yourself and your work area ⏹ Test the grounding line with a meter. Is it truly grounded ⏹ Use insulated tools, as required by NFPA70E ⏹ Cleaning tools are a must as oil, grease, and grime can become conductive or flammable ⏹ Do not wear metal of any kind. Zippers, eyewear, jewelry, and belt buckles can all become an accidental conductor ⏹ When doing any service work, have an emergency response plan and communicate to all affected employees ⏹ Do not use electrical/mechanical service areas to store flammable or explosive products ⏹ Check the voltage rating of extension cords. Do not use damaged or altered cords ⏹ Be certain ladders are non-conductive when doing electrical work at height
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WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 30 Lockout/Tagout 7 Essential Parts of a Successful Program OSHA requires lockout/tagout programs consist of energy control procedures, employee training, and periodic inspections. These three elements must come together to ensure that your employees are safe, preventing injury and even death. While that may sound simple, a typical program can have over 80 separate pieces. From creating, maintaining, and updating equipment lists and hierarchies to task-specific procedures and workplace regulations, a lot goes into an effective program. The following list will help you tackle lockout/tagout by focusing on its key elements. 1. DOCUMENTED POLICY Though you want them instilled in the minds of your workers, policies and procedures must be carefully documented and then disseminated in an accessible format. Your lockout/ tagout policies should establish and explain all elements of your program. And OSHA guidelines are just your starting point; you should also consider adding custom requirements as needed to keep your employees safe in their unique work environments. Remember, safety isn’t something you can set and forget; it requires vigilance and action. So, be sure to incorporate
REXELUSA.COM Page 31 annual reviews into your calendar. 2. MACHINE/TASK-SPECIFIC PROCEDURES One size does not fit all when it comes to machine and task safety. You must formally document procedures for each piece of equipment and the relevant work performed. These procedures should include the necessary steps to control hazardous energy, including shutting down, blocking, isolating, and securing equipment. And don’t forget to capture the steps for placing, removing, and transferring lockout/tagout devices. You should look at OSHA compliance as your minimum requirement. Think about including photos that identify energy isolation points for each machine, and then post them at points of use. Photos will capture your visual lockout procedure (VLOP). Taking extra steps like these will ensure your instructions are clear, easily found, and visually intuitive. 3. MARKED ISOLATION POINTS Isolation point verification is critical to any lockout/tagout program. Before developing policies and post procedures, you must identify and mark all energy control points, including switches, valves, plugs, and breakers. Mark these points with permanent, standardized labels and tags. And remember to be consistent. 4. PROPER DEVICES You need to use the best device to fit each lockout point. Though there are many products available, it’s important to select those that are most appropriate and designed for your application(s). The key to ensuring lockout effectiveness is to find the right solution(s) to keep your employees safe. 5. TRAINING Policies and procedures aren’t worth the paper (or binary code) they’re written on if they aren’t instilled in your employees’ minds. Now that you have a lockout/tagout program, it’s important to adequately and routinely train your workers to ensure that policies and procedures become action. OSHA requires annual audits and training. Training should cover OSHA requirements as well as your custom elements, such as machine- or taskspecific procedures. You should also regularly communicate your processes and policies and conduct periodic inspections to enforce your program and uncover retraining opportunities.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 32 6. AUDITS Why wait for a formal OSHA audit to uncover faults in your lockout/tagout program? Audits are a great opportunity to improve your program and promote safety. Use OSHA’s audit practices as a guide and look at both performance and compliance in the following groups: ⏹ Authorized Employees – Workers who perform maintenance on machinery and equipment and use lockout procedures ⏹ Affected Employees – Workers who use the machines that receive maintenance ⏹ Other Employees – Workers who are in the vicinity of machines that receive maintenance. 7. SUSTAINABILITY A successful lockout/tagout program’s work is never done. Letting your program get stale and outdated will put your employees at risk and leave you vulnerable to OSHA violations. Regular audits and annual reviews will ensure that your program evolves with your work environment and stays both relevant and effective. Maintaining a sustainable program will positively impact your safety culture and reduce costs. Things to Avoid Now that you have the seven keys to lockout/tagout success, you can further improve your program by avoiding seven common mistakes when creating lockout procedures. Brady® has put together an infographic to cover everything from misuse of generic procedures to lack of verification steps. You’ll learn how to strengthen your program and make your employees safer in the process. Simply click the image on the following page (page 33) to access this bonus content.
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WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 34 Heat Illness You don’t have to be out in the sunshine to suffer from heat illness. When indoor temperatures are high and humidity and still air are present, you can experience a range of symptoms that signal heat stroke. These symptoms are the body’s warning system. If you don’t heed the initial signs, symptoms may progress to include nausea, vomiting, fainting, and profuse sweating. Eventually, your core body temperature will rise, and you won’t be able to sweat as your body tries to conserve fluids, leading to collapse, seizure, and possible death. It’s worth the time and effort to take steps toward alleviating heat stress. A little bit of planning, preparation, and prevention can go a long way. Know the Risks The good news is that heat stress is generally preventable. With a bit of awareness and some preventive measures, we can help each other beat the heat and stay safe this summer. A few things increase the risks, including: ⏹ High temperature, high humidity, and physical labor, especially if you haven’t acclimated to the temperature ⏹ Low liquid intake ⏹ Heavy, waterproof clothing
REXELUSA.COM Page 35 Prepare for the Effects Here are a few simple things you can do to avoid heat stress and its dangerous effects. ⏹ Hydrate: Water is best; avoid caffeinated or alcoholic beverages ⏹ Dress Appropriately: Lightweight, breathable, lightcolored clothing ⏹ Take Breaks: Seek out shade or air conditioning ⏹ Monitor Yourself and Others: Use a buddy system to monitor the signs/symptoms Manage Heat Stress Symptoms If someone is experiencing significant illness due to the heat, you should take additional measures. Move the person to an area where the temperature is cooler. Start to cool the person with a wet towel or cool water spray. Provide a hydrating beverage. If these steps don’t help, the person may become agitated or confused and experience an increased core temperature, leading to a seizure. Don’t wait. Call 9-1-1, and request emergency medical assistance. Stay Cool with the Right Gear If you’re going to be in an environment that will cause heat stress, you can utilize evaporative cooling products to manage your body temperature. These items can be as simple as a wet washcloth or as advanced as an insulated phase change cooling vest. Most people find that a good quality cooling bandana, a brimmed hat, and breathable clothing are sufficient. Some cooling bandanas are made to last for hours.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 36 Automation & Robotics Machine Safety Saves Lives and Limbs In manufacturing facilities, machine guarding is critical to workplace safety. Exposure to inadequately guarded machines can result in crippling injuries. According to OSHA, 18,000 workers suffer lacerations, abrasions, crushing injuries, and amputations each year as a result of machinery. And there are over 800 deaths. Understanding the risks and ensuring your machine safety program meets or exceeds machine guarding regulations can save lives. Motions, Actions, and Machines The wonders of machinery have streamlined operations, increased productivity, and improved quality in manufacturing over the last century. Machines have also exposed workers to a variety of hazards as a result of their motions and actions. Mechanisms such as meshing gears, cutting teeth, and moving belts can cause severe injuries to human skin without missing a beat. Understanding the types of hazardous motions and actions happening in your facility is the first step to protecting workers from them. Let’s look at the basic types of hazardous mechanical motions and actions. Rotating Motion can grip clothing and hair or force hands and arms into dangerous portions. Common rotating mechanisms include collars, couplings, cams, clutches, flywheels, shaft ends, and spindles. In-Running Nip Point hazards are the result of rotating machine parts. There are three main types: rotation in opposite directions while axes are parallel, rotating and tangentially moving parts, rotating and fixed parts
REXELUSA.COM Page 37 creating a shearing, crushing, or abrading action. Reciprocating Motion can be dangerous because workers can get stuck between moving and stationary parts. Transversing Motion is movement in a straight line. It can be hazardous because a person can be struck and caught in a shear or pinch point. Cutting Action hazards are present at the point of operation, and injuries to the fingers, arms, and body are possible. Additionally, chips or scrap material can strike the head and face. Punching Action is a common mechanism for power presses, and the hazard occurs when the stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn by hand. Shearing Action involves applying power to a blade to trim or shear materials. The hazard is present at the point of operation when the stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn. Bending Action is common in power presses, press brakes, and tubing benders. Much like the other actions, the hazard is at the point of operation where the stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn. Fundamental Machine Components All machines have three fundamental areas: Point of Operation – This is where the work takes place, where many of the motions and actions listed above occur, including boring, cutting, and shaping. Power Transmission Device – This powers the motions and actions machines perform. Components of the mechanical system such as belts, chains, gears, pulleys, and spindles transmit energy. Operating Controls – These controls can be mechanical or electrical and allow an operator to cut off power remotely. Despite these commonalities, machine guarding needs vary widely from one machine to the next because of the different physical characteristics and levels of operator involvement. General Machine Guarding Requirements The list of machine-related injuries is as horrifying as it is long. That’s why OSHA has instituted general requirements to protect your workers from losing life and limb. Safeguarding machines is essential to workplace safety, helping you avoid preventable injuries and the related costs and downtime associated with accidents. OSHA developed general requirements to ensure the safety of both machine operators and other employees in the area. [29 CFR 1910.212(a)(1)] These requirements include: [29 CFR 1910.212(a)(2)] ⏹ Guards must not create potential hazards ⏹ Guards must be attached to the machine where possible
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 38 ⏹ If guards cannot be attached to the machine, attach them elsewhere Safeguarding Requirements At a minimum, machine guarding should: Prevent Contact – An adequate guarding system prevents contact with or close proximity to hazardous moving parts. Secure – Guards should be durable and firmly affixed to prevent removal and tampering and mitigate wear and tear. Protect from Falling Objects – It should not be possible for objects to fall into moving parts, which can create dangerous projectiles. Create No New Hazards – Guards should not have sharp, jagged edges or unfinished surfaces that can cause injuries. Create No Interference – Guards should not prevent workers from performing tasks quickly and comfortably. Safeguards should enhance efficiency. Allow Safe Maintenance – Whenever possible, machines should be able to be maintained and serviced without removing safeguards. Types of Guards Here is a breakdown of the types of machine-guarding equipment designed to protect workers. GUARDS ⏹ Fixed ⏹ Interlocked ⏹ Ajustable ⏹ Self-Adjusting DEVICES ⏹ Presence and Motion Sensing ⏹ Pullback ⏹ Restraint ⏹ Safety Control ⏹ Gates ⏹ Robots
REXELUSA.COM Page 39 CONTROLLED LOCATION/DISTANCE ⏹ Feeding and Ejection Methods ⏹ Hand Feeding Tools Basic Machine Guarding Standards Here are some basic standards to keep in mind: ⏹ Belts, blades, and chains should have no more than a halfinch exposed ⏹ Grinders should have no more than an eighth of an inch between the wheel and the tool rest ⏹ Rollers, pulleys, belts, chains, and gears must be guarded along with their entire access
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 40 Refrigerated Warehouse Just as heat illness can occur indoors, cold stress can strike in refrigerated environments, making some elements of winter safety relevant to warehouse safety. Workers can avoid hypothermia and frost-bite emergencies with cold-weather PPE and limits on time spent in the cold. Types of Cold Stress There are many ways to identify cold stress, and OSHA’s cold stress card is an excellent place to start. OSHA identifies three common types of cold stress and how to prevent them. HYPOTHERMIA ⏹ Body temperature drops below normal (98.6°F) to 95°F or less ⏹ Mild symptoms include alert but shivering ⏹ Moderate to severe symptoms include ceased shivering, confusion, slurred speech, shallow breathing, low heart rate, loss of consciousness, and death. FROSTBITE ⏹ Body tissues freeze, especially in the extremities (e.g., hands and feet). It can occur at temperatures above freezing due to wind chill and may result in amputation. ⏹ Symptoms include numbness, reddened skin, blisters, skin redness progressing to gray/white patches, and skin feeling firm/hard.
REXELUSA.COM Page 41 Tips to Keep the Workforce Safe Although some of these conditions are more serious than others, you can prevent them with proper planning, clothing, and equipment. If your employees work in refrigerated environments, discuss taking adequate steps to protect their health. Educating your workforce on the dangers of cold stress is critical. Here are some tips on how you can avoid cold stress injuries. Limit your exposure to the cold. Work in shifts and encourage your employees to take warming breaks. Wear layers. Layer appropriately, depending on the temperatures. Cold-weather clothing such as jackets, hats, gloves, and boots may be appropriate. If the temperature rises, you can remove layers as needed. It is always good to have more clothing that you can remove rather than less. Be aware of your surroundings. Before starting your workday, inspect the refrigerated area for ice to avoid slips, trips, and falls. Educate yourself. Knowing the signs of cold stress can mean the difference between life and death in certain situations. While coffee might become a source of heat during in cold temperatures, caffeine increases your heart rate and can trick you into thinking you are warmer than you are. Monitor your employees throughout the day and make sure they are hydrated, appropriately dressed, and taking adequate breaks. The more a person knows about the dangers, the more likely they will take the cold temperatures more seriously.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 42 Stress & Fatigue Even with a perfect safety plan, employee stress and fatigue can cause workplace accidents. According to OSHA, they can increase injury rates and negatively affect health. Companies should consider developing programs and implementing training to help workers manage stress and avoid fatigue. Managing Stress Work-related concerns can leave employees feeling hopeless and burned out, which can result in workers feeling drained or having trouble concentrating. These symptoms of stress and depression impact more than morale. Strained workers typically aren’t as productive as content workers. Managing workplace stress critical for both employers and employees. STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING MENTAL HEALTH An organization of HR experts, SHRM (Society for Human Resources Management) recommends that employers adopt the following strategies to promote mental health in their facilities. Focus on Well-being – When communicating with employees, make it clear that their health and safety are the company’s foremost concern. And share resources that may help them manage workplace stress, including benefits like your Employee Assistance Program (EAP).
REXELUSA.COM Page 43 Be Transparent – Encourage open communication and lead by example. Communication can ease anxiety, and employees may find comfort in thoughtful messages. Share policies and plans as you develop them, and welcome honest feedback. And be prepared to answer questions and address concerns as they arise. Be Flexible – Managing workplace stress isn’t just about factors in the workplace. Offering support, flexible work arrangements, and leave can help ease anxiety about how these employees will navigate competing responsibilities. TIPS FOR MANAGING WORKPLACE STRESS As employers work to mitigate stress and ease concerns, employees need proactively manage their stress levels. The CDC recommends workers do the following to cope with stress and build resilience. Recognize the Symptoms – You can’t manage your stress levels if you don’t realize you’re straining. Stress symptoms can range from anger and irritation to uncertainty and anxiety to lack of motivation and fatigue. How these symptoms manifest can vary significantly from person to person and day to day. It’s important to monitor yourself for changes in temperament, energy, and concentration. Know the Factors – The key to managing workplace stress is knowing what factors can impact your stress levels. Factors include fear of exposure in the workplace, caretaking, altered workload, uncertainty about the future, and adapting to a new workplace or schedule. Identify Your Triggers – Just as stress symptoms vary from person to person, so do the triggers that bring on those symptoms. As you monitor yourself for symptoms, try to connect the conditions that cause them. Identifying the causes of your stress is the only way you can begin to address the issue. Communicate Your Challenges – Your employer can’t help you navigate managing workplace stress if they don’t know the challenges you’re facing. Share your concerns and issues with your supervisor. It’s a good idea to know the options available and bring ideas for potential solutions to the conversation. If necessary, reach out to your HR team for policy and benefit information. Take Control with a Routine – Keeping your daily routine as consistent as possible can help give you a sense of control over your life and alleviate stress. From sleeping and eating habits to the structure of your workday, consistency can not only mitigate symptoms, but it can also prevent them. Practice Self-Care – Be sure to take regular breaks, exercise, socialize, and relax each day. Taking care of yourself will improve your mental state, making managing workplace stress easier. Finding ways to enjoy yourself regularly will make you healthier and happier.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 44 Avoiding Fatigue According to the National Safety Council, more than 43% of workers are sleep deprived. And over one-fifth of Americans live with some form of sleep disorder. Whether or not you fall into one of those categories, you may find yourself tired one or more days a week, impacting your job performance and increasing the likelihood of workplace accidents. Managing fatigue can increase your efficiency and keep you safe. You may find yourself frustrated with assignments and distracted during repetitious tasks when you’re tired. Familiarizing yourself with fatigue symptoms and learning to improve or prevent them can improve your safety in the workplace. FATIGUE COSTS MONEY With nearly half the nation’s working force battling sleep deprivation, employers are losing between $1,200 to $3,100 per fatigued employee annually, with costs totaling an estimated $136 billion annually in lost productivity. If you’re working the night shift or long/irregular shifts, you are among the most susceptible to fatigue, with 62% of night-shift workers complaining of sleep loss. EXPERIENCE DOESN’T MITIGATE FATIGUE That’s right; whether you’re on day two of your job or your 27th year, fatigue can still negatively impact your performance and safety. Complacency due to fatigue can happen at any point. Meaning, even if you’ve performed the same task each day for many years, a moment’s oversight costs the company the same amount of money. And sometimes, those costs can be medical bills if the oversight causes bodily harm. Managing fatigue is critical whether you’re an employer, an employee, or both.
REXELUSA.COM Page 45 SPOTTING FATIGUE Managing fatigue is about more than sleep habits. Depending on your job, there are a variety of fatigue predictors, creating the potential for mistakes. For a truck driver, a predictor might look like logging over a maximum number of hours per week. And for a factory worker, working at the same station for more than one shift. In circumstances like these, fatigue can take the form of headaches, eyestrain, confusion, or malaise. Ergonomic stress also contributes to fatigue, with physical discomfort causing mistakes. Sound familiar? If so, you aren’t alone. COMBATTING AND MANAGING FATIGUE You can make changes to your lifestyle and workflow to decrease fatigue levels. Get enough sleep. The average person needs about seven hours of sleep each night. If you believe health is an issue, see your doctor about sleep disorder screening. Keep to a schedule. Adjust your body clock to the same schedule even on days off. If you work an odd-hour shift schedule, account for that in your rest hours. Optimize your sleep space. Cool, dark environments are conducive to sleep. You should darken your room as much as possible or even try a sleep mask. And avoid screens in your bedroom. Smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc., emit blue light, which can disrupt circadian rhythms. Create variety in your workday. Try varying tasks to avoid repetition overload. If you can accomplish the same goal by having multiple people work on the task intermittently, you can often achieve results faster and avoid mistakes.
WAREHOUSE SAFETY 101 Page 46 As an employer, you must identify hazards in your workplace and take steps to eliminate or minimize them. Workplace safety training provides your employees with the knowledge and skills they need to protect equipment, facilities and, most importantly, each other. Safety not only ensures that all your workers return home safe and healthy every day—it increases brand reputation, improves efficiency and worker morale, and ultimately saves you money. If you want to start a safety program or boost an existing one, give us a call at (888) 739-3577. We have safety specialists, authorized OSHA Outreach Instructors on staff, and offer a range of resources to support you as you develop a more efficient and safer workplace. Safety Services ⏹ Plant Hazard Assessment ⏹ Annual Lockout/Tagout Audits ⏹ LOTO Consulting & Implementation ⏹ Confined Space Requirements ⏹ Fall Protection Competency & Inspection ⏹ Conformity Audits ⏹ Machine Safety ⏹ Safety Circuit Analysis ⏹ Arc Flash Studies & Remediation ⏹ Comprehensive Workplace Safety Training & Prevention Programs ⏹ And More Safety Products and Gear ⏹ Arc Flash PPE & Clothing ⏹ Cleanroom Supplies & Equipment ⏹ Lockout/Tagout ⏹ Machine Guarding ⏹ Fall Protection SAFETY FROM TOP TO BOTTOM Products, services, and training to promote safety compliance.
REXELUSA.COM Page 47 ⏹ Respiratory Protection ⏹ Eye & Face Protection ⏹ Facility Marking & Signs ⏹ Hand, Head, & Hearing Protection ⏹ Floor Mats ⏹ Sorbents ⏹ And More Training and Prevention Programs ⏹ Arc Flash Safety Awareness ⏹ Arc Hazard Prevention & Protection ⏹ Lockout/Tagout Awareness ⏹ OSHA Electrical Hazards, 29 CFR 1910, Subchapter S ⏹ Fall Protection Awareness – anchor, body, connections, and rescue (ABC-R) ⏹ Fall Protection Inspectors ⏹ Fall Protection Competent Person ⏹ Wind Energy Fall Protection ⏹ Machine Standards ⏹ Machine Guarding ⏹ Ergonomics Awareness – avoiding repetitive motion injuries and relieve strain ⏹ Eye Protection 101 & RX Eyewear Solutions ⏹ Virtual Classroom – Machine Functional Safety and ISO 13849 System Design: Risk Assessment ⏹ Hearing Protection ⏹ Respiratory Protection ⏹ Sorbents ⏹ Spill Protection ⏹ Welding Safety ⏹ And we can create a curriculum that meets your specific needs Contact us today to learn more about our workplace safety solutions: [email protected].
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