4.1 Sexual and asexual reproduction

CHAPTER 4:
Reproduction

4.1 SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

What is
reproduction ?

Process of
producing new
individuals from
living organisms

Reproduction

Sexual Asexual
reproduction reproduction

Involve Does not involve
reproductive reproductive cell

cells

THE IMPORTANCE OF Produce new generation
REPRODUCTION different from its parents

Avoid death species

Shows genetic variation

FEMALE Ovum SEXUAL Sperm
PARENT REPRODUCTION
Carries female Carries male
reproductive MALE reproductive
PARENT
cell cell

Fertilisation

fusion of male EXTERNAL
and female FERTILISATION
gametes to
produce new
life

INTERNAL
FERTILISATION

Occur inside Occur outside
female parent’s the female

body parent’s body

Nucleus of the Nucleus of the
male gamete fuses male gamete fuses
with the nucleus with the nucleus

of the female of the female
gamete inside the gamete outside
body of the female the body of the
female parent.
parent.

The male parent INTERNAL EXTERNAL The male parent
releases sperm FERTILISATION FERTILISATION releases sperm
into the body of and the female
the female parent. parent releases

ovum. This
fertilisation occurs

in the water.

The male gamete from The male gamete
the male reproductive usually swims
organ will be released
towards the ovum
into the female and fuses with it.
reproductive organ
which has the female
gamete and fuses to

form a zygote.

Asexual
Reproduction

Only ONE
PARENT
involve

Have NO
FERTILIZATION

process

New
individual

SIMILAR to
their parent

Have NO
VARIATION

Asexual reproduction BINARY FISION Division of a single parent cell into two daughter cells.
Eg: Amoeba, paramecium

BUDDING - Forming a bud on the organism’s body
- Starts off as a swelling

REGENERATION Ability of the fragments of some organisms to grow and
develop into completely new individuals

VEGETATIVE - Produce new plants from a vegetative part of
REPRODUCTION plant

SPORE - Vegetative part: roots, stem, bulb, leave
FORMATION - Eg: carrot, onion, ginger, potato

Spore (in sporangium) which is tiny and light get
scattered by the wind

BINARY Division of a single parent cell into two
FISSION daughter cells. Eg: Amoeba, paramecium

BUDDING Forming a bud on the organism’s body
Starts off as a swelling

REGENERATION • Ability of the fragments of some organisms
to grow and develop into completely new
individuals

PLANARIA SALAMANDER

STARFISH

SPORE Spore (in sporangium) which is tiny and light
FORMATION get scattered by the wind

VEGETATIVE Produce new plants from a vegetative part of plant
REPRODUCTION Vegetative part: roots, stem, bulb, leave
Eg: carrot, onion, ginger, potato

TETAHCAHNERKAYZOLUINA