M E N A RA K E RJ A RAYA INA 614 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & SERVICES ALYA BATRISYIA NAZRATUL ASHSYA NURUL HUDA SYAZANA AHMAD NAQIB | 2021871372 | 2021816626 | 2021485486 | 2023190345
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 BUILDING BACKGROUND DESIGN PHILOSOPHY BUILDING ACHIEVEMENT FUNCTION AND APPLICATION SUSTAINABLE DESIGN CONCEPT ENERGY CONSERVATION STRATEGIES BUILDING PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS TABLEOF CONTENTS
B U I L D I N G BAC KG RO U N D Completed in 2015, this 37-Storey high rise government owned and occupied Menara Kerja Raya recently became only the 2nd new building, in the non-residential category to be awarded the prestigious Green Building Index (GBI) Platinum final certification. The other building being Energy Commission’s Diamond Building in Putrajaya. Standing at approximately 175meters tall, this tower houses a total of 1,600 staff from the Ministry of Works as well as Public Works Department (Jabatan Kerja Raya) Malaysia over 53,000 square meters of building floor area. The offices of the Minister of Works as well as the Director General and Deputy Director General of the Public Works Department have also been moved to this tower. Achieving GBI Platinum final certification is no simple feat for any building. The building incorporates many features to reduce energy consumption, improve occupant comfort, reduce impact of material usage as well as make use of less treated potable water. 01 Although the tower design incorporates floor to ceiling glazed facades which are exposed to the East & West orientations, it manages to reduce solar heat gain by employing triple pane insulated low-E glazing. Coupled with efficient lighting design with a low 8W/m2 lighting power density and automated control which effectively turns of 40% of the office lights during daytime, as well as air conditioning system that is able to reduce fan power down by more than 50% on reduced load days, the building achieves a very respectable BEI (Building Energy Intensity) of about 90kWH/m2year, which is about 60% lower than buildings that are design to merely meet MS 1525 guidelines. This saves the Government approximately RM2.5mil per year in electricity charges at the current energy rates. Overall daylighting strategy played a huge role in creating a unique and much comfortable indoor environment in this building. Custom perforated venetian blinds, low height workstation and glass partitions for private
Project Detail FIRM IEN Consultants TYPE Public & Government Offices AREA SIZE 52272 Sqm DESIGN STYLE Modern ARCHITECT / DESIGNER Kementerian Kerja Raya Malaysia CONTRACTOR Kementerian Kerja Raya Malaysia LOCATION Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya PHOTOGRAPHER Khim | Bok Photography STATUS Completed YEAR 2015 This tower is also one of the first building to incorporate a waste water treatment system that is able to treat the greywater from wash basins, floor traps and ablution to be reused within the building for toilet flushing and landscape irrigation. A 400 cubic meter underground rainwater harvesting tank captures plenty of rainwater to be used for similar purposes in the building when there is rainfall. 02 These strategies and the use of low flow fixtures at toilets and ablution, as well as significantly lower cooling load resulting in lower cooling tower water usage has managed to reduce water consumption per square meter floor area by 70% compared to another neighbouring JKR office tower. Menara Kerja Raya was officially launched on the 7th of December 2016 by then Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak offices and discussion rooms all work together to create an open well daylit office space that is so much more inviting and conducive to the occupants. With these strategies, we have verified that usable daylight levels are achieved up to 6meters from the façade, which allows the automatic shut off of lights over these areas.
DESIGNPHILOSOPHY 03 Its concept from the characteristics of a diamond, which has been crowned as the 'glittering diamond' in the Malaysian construction industry. It is shaped as a triangular tower that curves upwards, forming a quadrilateral of foliage, a design that is the first of its kind in Malaysia. It is built using IBS technology which enables consistency and precision in the form achieved and expressed. Green Technology saves electricity and water supply, with solar panels and a Rainwater Harvesting System integrated with conventional electricity and water supply. 'A DIAMOND IN THE CITY', the title given to Menara Kerja Raya derives the tower changes from a triangular floor plan at the "plaza" level (ground level) to a square shape at the top, which creates a 3-sided curved and unique facade, the only such skyscraper design in Malaysia Menara Kerja Raya is very special in terms of its facade design, using 6000 pieces of double-glazed glass units (double glazing) with vacuum frames separating the internal and external glass panels, providing sufficient insulation to the building. To add to this special touch, the use of 'triangulated glass effect' on the facade of the building is designed with a split in the middle of the panel, each of which is unique in terms of size and angle, giving a different light reflection effect, further highlighting the 'diamond' shine in this tower at certain times according to the movement of the sun. This unique facade design has a split in the middle of the panel where one corner is tilted outwards
DESIGNPHILOSOPHY This tower aspired to become a model of cutting-edge design and technology, hence exploring the potential of a conventional system. The installation of glazing to the floor plate’s varying perimeter curves was facilitated by triangulating a simple and versatile solution of a stick system. The utilisation of reinforced concrete (RC) precast slabs, semi-unitised façade, aluminium system formwork for the core, reusable circular steel formwork for columns, RC lightweight blockworks and IBS interior panels complies with the specification for IBS. All components were assembled in the factory and installed on-site to ensure that they meet the required standards. The floor plates of the tower vary in shape and size throughout 37 levels. Its geometry changes gradually from an isosceles triangle into a quadrangle, which provides an unobstructed view of the city. The initial design in 2010 required the tower’s columns to stay straight throughout 37 storeys. However, due to the variation of the floor plate shape—morphing from triangle to leaf—the column positions would be inconsistent across levels and cause certain floors to become inefficient. The solution was to reorganise and improve space utilisation, which freed up spaces by relocating all columns to the perimeter. This resulted in 20 columns being constructed slanted from the ground at different angles from all corners, reducing in diameter as they get higher. 04 ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS
The Menara Kerja Raya building received the Public Sector Award by FIABCI Malaysia at the Malaysia Property Award 2016. The ceremony was held at One Utama Hotel on 17 November 2016 and the Award was completed by His Majesty Sultan Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar, Sultan of Johor .The award ceremony was attended by YBhg. Dato' Sri Ir. Dr. Roslan Md Taha, Director General of Public Works Malaysia, YBhg. Dato' Ir. Mr. Mohd Fazli bin Osman, Deputy Director General of Public Works (Specialist Sector) and also the top management of JKR Malaysia. The Malaysia Property Award is the highest award for developers in the property industry, it is a platform for them to showcase their best products. Nominations for this award have gone through strict procedures, rules and regulations and a transparent judging process to maintain its reputation as a prestigious award. 05 1ST GOVERNMENT BUILDING ACHIEVING GBI PLATINUM CERTIFICATION BUILDINGS ACHIEVEMENT 1ST BUILDING TO ACHIEVE CIDB MYCREST 5-STAR RATING 1ST RUNNER UP UNDER THE LARGE GREEN BUILDING CATEGORY AT ASEAN ENERGY AWARDS 2016 The winner of this Malaysia Property Award will represent Malaysia to compete with projects from other countries at the FIABCI World Prix d'Excellence Awards, where the award ceremony will be held at the FIABCI World Congress in May, every year. All JKR citizens are proud of this achievement and congratulations and thanks to YB Minister of Public Works, YB Deputy Minister of Public Works, YBhg. Dato Sri KKR Secretary General, YBhg. Dato Sri KPKR, KKR and JKR Top Management, KKR2 Project Team as well as all KKR and JKR employees who are directly and indirectly involved in this award.
The Kuala Lumpur Public Works Department (JKR) Tower, also known as Menara JKR, is a significant architectural landmark located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. As of my last update in January 2022, the tower stands as the headquarters for the Public Works Department of Malaysia and serves various functions and applications: Menara JKR primarily functions as the administrative hub for the Public Works Department of Malaysia. It houses offices, meeting rooms, and facilities to facilitate the department's operations. The tower might also host conferences, seminars, and professional development activities related to public works, engineering, and infrastructure development. It can be a hub for sharing knowledge and fostering collaboration,. It serves as a center for providing various government services related to public works, infrastructure development, and construction projects. This includes planning, monitoring, and executing government projects related to infrastructure, roads, buildings, and more. As an iconic building in Kuala Lumpur, Menara JKR serves as a symbol of the government's commitment to infrastructure development and public works projects. ADMINISTRATIVE CENTER PROFESSIONAL HUB FUNCTION& APPLICATION GOVERNMENT SERVICES SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION 06
Menara Kerja Raya in Malaysia has incorporated sustainable design concepts in its materials, finishes, and overall construction. The building features a well-insulated envelope using high-performance double-glazed windows and insulated spandrels, which contribute to energy efficiency and thermal comfort. Additionally, low VOC and no urea-formaldehyde materials have been used for paints, coatings, ceiling, partitions, and workstations, aligning with sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. The finishes applied in the building include sustainable materials such as low VOC paints, recycled content in flooring and ceiling materials, and sustainable wood finishes. These sustainable design elements not only contribute to the overall environmental performance of the building but also support its recognition with GBI Platinum certification and CIDB MyCREST 5-Star rating, showcasing its commitment to sustainable construction practices. The east- and west-facing glazing allowed for the application of different façade treatments in the design. The façade was made from 6,248 distinctive low-emission triangular glass pieces of semi-unitised triple glazing system, which were installed at customised angles to form a dynamic skin that reduces the intensity of sunlight throughout the day. This substantially reduces heat gain on the glass surface and internal airconditioning load. This tower aspired to become a model of cutting-edge design and technology, hence exploring the potential of a conventional system. The installation of glazing to the floor plate’s varying perimeter curves was facilitated by triangulating a simple and versatile solution of a stick system. The utilisation of reinforced concrete (RC) precast slabs, semi-unitised façade, aluminium system formwork for the core, reusable circular steel formwork for columns, RC lightweight blockworks and IBS interior panels complies with the specification for IBS. All components were assembled in the factory and installed on-site to ensure that they meet the required standards. SUSTAINABLE DESIGNCONCEPT I. MATERIALS AND FINISHES 07
The energy-efficient lighting strategies implemented in Menara Kerja Raya Malaysia are designed to minimize energy consumption while providing adequate illumination for the building's occupants. These strategies include the use of LED lighting fixtures, daylight harvesting systems, and automated sensor controls. LED lighting is known for its energy efficiency and long lifespan, reducing the overall energy demand for lighting within the building. Daylight harvesting systems optimize natural light usage by adjusting artificial lighting levels based on the available daylight, further reducing energy usage. Automated sensor controls ensure that lighting is only activated when needed, minimizing unnecessary energy consumption. These strategies collectively contribute to the building's energy efficiency and align with the sustainable design concept of Menara Kerja Raya Malaysia. The lighting design in Menara Kerja Raya features a low 8W/m2 lighting power density. This means that the lighting fixtures are designed to consume less energy while still providing sufficient illumination, thus reducing overall energy consumption associated with lighting. Menara Kerja Raya utilizes an automated control system that turns off 40% of the office lights during daytime hours. This system adjusts the lighting levels based on natural daylight availability, significantly reducing unnecessary energy usage during daylight hours. A master timer switch system for lighting has been implemented, allowing centralized control over the lighting in the building. This system enables the scheduling of lighting operations based on occupancy patterns, working hours, and specific lighting needs. As a result, it optimizes energy usage and reduces unnecessary lighting during non-occupied periods, contributing to energy conservation and cost savings. II. ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING STRATEGIES 08
The indoor air quality (IAQ) of Menara Kerja Raya in Malaysia has been the subject of various assessments and studies. The IAQ generally refers to the nature of air that affects the health of the occupants in the building. Comprehensive assessments have indicated that poor IAQ in office buildings can lead to lower productivity, higher absenteeism, increased spending in health insurance, and a higher rate of compensation claims. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain high indoor air quality to provide a comfortable and healthy environment for the occupants. In a broader context, the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) category addresses design and construction guidelines related to indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal quality, and lighting quality. This underscores the importance of IAQ in building design and construction, particularly in the context of promoting healthy indoor environments III. INDOOR AIR QUALITY The furniture and furnishings of Menara Kerja Raya in Malaysia are designed with sustainable principles in mind. These sustainable design concepts include the use of low VOC (volatile organic compounds) and no ureaformaldehyde materials for paints, coatings, ceiling, partitions, and workstations. The focus on low VOC and no urea-formaldehyde materials aligns with sustainable practices aimed at reducing harmful emissions and promoting healthier indoor air quality. Additionally, the furniture industry in Malaysia is exploring sustainable design principles, which further aligns with the sustainable practices implemented in Menara Kerja Raya. The sustainable design of furniture and furnishings contributes to the overall sustainability of the building by promoting eco-friendly materials, such as renewable and non-toxic resources like natural wood, bamboo, or recycled materials. This focus on eco-friendly materials helps in reducing waste, conserving resources, and minimizing the environmental impact of production, transportation, and disposal. Furthermore, sustainable furniture is designed for longevity, durability, and functionality, which reduces the need for frequent replacements and minimizes resource consumption. IV. FURNITURE AND FURNISHING SUSTAINABLE DESIGN CONCEPT 09
The Menara Kerja Raya building, a government-owned high-rise completed in 2015, has earned the prestigious Green Building Index (GBI) Platinum certification for its exemplary energy conservation strategies. Through a blend of passive design principles and advanced technologies, the building minimizes energy consumption and environmental impact. From smart lighting and HVAC systems to thoughtful water management, the Menara Kerja Raya showcases a commitment to sustainability and efficiency, setting a standard for green building practices. ORIENTATION AND GLAZING: Despite having floor-to-ceiling glazed facades exposed to the challenging East and West orientations, the building uses triple-pane insulated low-E glazing to minimize solar heat gain. This is a passive design strategy aimed at reducing the need for active cooling systems. PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES ENERGY CONSERVATION STRATEGIES DAYLIGHTING: The article emphasizes an overall daylighting strategy, incorporating custom perforated venetian blinds, low-height workstations, and glass partitions. These elements work together to maximize natural light penetration into the building, creating a well-lit and comfortable indoor environment. This is a classic passive design approach to reduce reliance on artificial lighting. ENERGY EFFICIENCY: The building achieves a very respectable Building Energy Intensity (BEI) of about 90 kWh/m²/year, which is approximately 60% lower than buildings designed to meet standard guidelines. This reduction is achieved through various strategies, including efficient lighting design, automated controls for lighting, and an air conditioning system that adjusts its power based on load conditions. These strategies align with passive design principles to minimize energy consumption. WATER MANAGEMENT: The article mentions the incorporation of a wastewater treatment system for greywater reuse within the building and a rainwater harvesting tank for landscape irrigation and toilet flushing. These strategies contribute to reducing water consumption, showcasing a holistic and passive approach to water resource management. 10
ENERGY CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM: The article mentions an air conditioning system that is capable of reducing fan power by more than 50% on reduced load days. This suggests the implementation of energy-efficient HVAC technology designed to adapt to varying cooling needs efficiently. The ability to scale down fan power during periods of reduced load is a common feature in energy-efficient HVAC systems. LIGHTING SYSTEM: The building incorporates an efficient lighting design with a low 8W/m² lighting power density. Additionally, automated controls are in place that effectively turns off 40% of the office lights during daytime. Both aspects indicate a focus on energy-efficient lighting solutions and strategies, which is a vital component in reducing overall energy consumption. ENERGY EFFICIENT APPLIANCES AND SYSTEM(HVAC) AUTOMATED LIGHTING CONTROLS: The use of energy-efficient lighting with automated sensor controls based on daylight availability or occupancy in space indicates a sophisticated lighting system. Automated controls help optimize energy use by adjusting lighting levels based on real-time conditions, contributing to energy savings. TIMER SYSTEMS FOR PLUG LOADS: The mention of a master timer switch system for lighting and timer plugs to turn off photocopier machines at night reflects an effort to manage plug loads efficiently. Smart timer systems can automate the shutdown of electronic devices during non-operational hours, reducing standby power. SMART ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OPTIMIZED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM: The article highlights an air conditioning system with optimized efficiency and good indoor thermal comfort. This likely involves the use of smart HVAC technologies, such as variable speed compressors, occupancy sensors, and temperature controls, to adapt to changing conditions and minimize energy consumption. WATER EFFICIENCY MEASURES: The inclusion of low-flow water fittings with the Singapore WELS (Water Efficiency Labeling Scheme), rainwater harvesting, condensate water recovery, and greywater recycling demonstrates a holistic approach to water resource management, contributing to overall sustainability. 11
Menara Kerja Raya recently became only the 2nd new building, in the non-residential category to be awarded the prestigious Green Building Index (GBI) Platinum final certification. The other building being Energy Commission’s Diamond Building in Putrajaya. Achieving GBI Platinum final certification is no simple feat for any building. The building incorporates many features to reduce energy consumption, improve occupant comfort, reduce impact of material usage as well as make use of less treated potable water. BUILDINGPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS Although the tower design incorporates floor to ceiling glazed facades which are exposed to the East & West orientations, it manages to reduce solar heat gain by employing triple pane insulated low-E glazing. Coupled with efficient lighting design with a low 8W/m2 lighting power density and automated control which effectively turns of 40% of the office lights during daytime, as well as air conditioning system that is able to reduce fan power down by more than 50% on reduced load days, the building achieves a very respectable BEI (Building Energy Intensity) of about 90kWH/m2year, which is about 60% lower than buildings that are design to merely meet MS 1525 guidelines. This saves the Government approximately RM2.5mil per year in electricity charges at the current energy rates. This tower is also one of the first building to incorporate a waste water treatment system that is able to treat the greywater from wash basins, floor traps and ablution to be reused within the building for toilet flushing and landscape irrigation. A 400 cubic meter underground rainwater harvesting tank captures plenty of rainwater to be used for similar purposes in the building when there is rainfall. These strategies and the use of low flow fixtures at toilets and ablution, as well as significantly lower cooling load resulting in lower cooling tower water usage has managed to reduce water consumption per square meter floor area by 70% compared to another neighbouring JKR office tower. Innovative Sustainability Features Comfortable daylighting achieved for 50% of the office floor areas. Energy efficient lighting with automated sensor controls based on daylighting availability or occupancy in space. Master timer switch system for lighting and timer plugs to turn off photocopier machines at night. Optimized air conditioning system efficiency and good indoor thermal comfort. Well insulated building envelope using high performance double glazed windows and insulated spandrels. Peak-cooling demand of less than 100W/m2 for offices. Use of low VOC and no urea-formaldehyde materials for paints, coatings, ceiling, partitions and workstations. Low flow water fitting with Singapore WELS (Water Efficiency Labeling Scheme). 12
BUILDINGPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS Menara Kerja Raya is a 6-block office complex masterplan on an existing 1 million sq ft site, strategically located at Jalan Sultan Salahuddin, Kuala Lumpur. Kerja Raya Tower provides 37-levels of accommodation for Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR). The tower creates a centralized location for JKR’s growing workforce while uplifting JKR’s image. The ‘diamond’ facade concept represents Menara Kerja Raya’s role as ‘a diamond in the crown of the Malaysian construction industry’ by being a ‘Diamond in KL City’. The 37-levels (plus basement parking) structure has an independent roof canopy structure above at 175 meters high. A separate, yet linked, 9-level podium car parking structure has roof top dining above. There are 10- circular columns slanting in two directions, mirrored at each side A & B of tower, whose radius decreases upwards. Front columns are straightest, rear most angled, facade C curves in two planes: a parabolic geometry resulting in a tower which curves inward towards centre levels then outward toward roof. The tower comprises three facades: ‘A’ & ‘B’ mirrored with ‘C’ at rear. Each level is a unique floor plate, incrementally geometry shifts skyward: triangular footprint tapers into leaf shaped upper levels. Facade A & B is a unitized facade system – 3124 numbers, all unique. To meet each floor slab every unitized frame shifts angle in two planes – they twist, so rectangular frames are also split diagonally resulting in triangular triple glazed components. Tilting these triangles inwards within frame allows an incremental response to shifting geometry, level by level to create the curves. East-west glazing orientation (facade A & B) enables this play to facade design, allowing natural sun shading by glazing detail and the external mounted ‘fin’ elements. Each fin acts as both shading and design feature; expressing curvature and verticality. A green terraced accessible roof enjoys fantastic views while sun shading is provided by canopy above, with rainwater harvesting to rear. Louvered canopy and 50% open glazing at front allows airflow and weather protection for visitors to arguable KL’s highest garden. This tower has been recognised as Malaysia’s first certified high-rise office building under the Green Building Index (GBI). The tower received a Platinum rating, which is the highest classification for Green Buildings under the GBI. 12