UP COE -NEC Technical Bulletin 2017

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

2 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Institute 10
10
“Smart-Wire: A 0.5V 44uW 0ᵒC to 100ᵒC Power-line Energy Harvesting Sensor Node” 10
“Static Physically Unclonable Functions for Secure Chip Identification with 1.9-5.8% Native Bit Instability at 10
0.6 – 1 V and 15fJ/bit in 65 nm” 10
“Immersive Virtual Reality as a Supplement in the Rehabilitation Program of Post-Stroke Patients”* 10
“On the Trade-off between Physical Layer Security and Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO with Small 10
Cells” 11
“Image Processing Algorithms for Structure Detection and Damage Assessment from Satellite Images” 11
11
“Spherical Wave Expansion Modeling of Electromagnetic Scattering from Leaves” 11
11
“Application of Signal Processing Techniques for Live Analysis and Transcription of Gangsa” 11
“ENOB Degradation of an 8-bit 1-Ms/s SAR ADC in 65nm CMOS under Supply Voltage Scaling”
11
“PVT-Aware Digital Techniques for a Power Line Energy-Harvesting Sensor Node”
“A Study on Partial Reconfiguration with Compression via Modularizing Secondary Processes of a General 12
Purpose Processor” 12
“Tangible Sharing, Invisible Mechanisms: The Design and Implementation of the BayanihaNets Access 12
Sharing Network” 12
“A Regression Model-based Approach to Fast Contingency Screening for Transient Stability” 12
“Peering into Peering: Building Better Tools for Better Peering Decisions”* 12
12
“Design of an LLC Resonant Converter for EDM Applications” 12

“Distribution Utility Survey on Elegtricity Prepaid Metering 12
“Comparison of Contention-based MAC Protocols for Underwater Sensor Networks”

“Decentralized Voltage Control for Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Distributed Generators”

“Software Defined Power for the Thin Client Based Computing System”
“An 850 nm SiGe/Si HPT with a 4.12 GHz Maximum Optical Transition Frequency and 0.805A/W
Responsivity”
“Long Term Outcomes in Technopreneurship Classes”

“A Geometric Filter Algorithm for Robust Device-Free Localization in Wireless Networks”

“Towards a Taxonomy of Cache-based Transport Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks”

“Implementation of a Nonlinear Planar Magnetics Model”

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 3

Institute of Civil Engineering 14
14
Integrated Cost Reduction System: Using Real Time Soil Testing Information To Achieve Real Time 14
Foundation Selection 14
Effects of Isothermal Curing on the Compressive Strength of High Early-Strength Concrete 14
15
Simulation of May 20, 1986 Hualien Earthquake using EXSIM_V3 Program 15
15
Use of Solid Wastes from Mine Tailings as Building Materials 15
Planning and Engineering of Coastal Flooding Mitigation Works of an Airport Runway in a Storm-tracked 16
Island 16
Analysis of the Performance of Concrete Hollow Blocks with Plastic Particles 16
16
Updating the Philippine Building Code: Issues and Challenges 16
Investigation of the Failure progressions of a 1-Story Gable-Roof Building Subjected to Sustained Wind 17
Speeds 17
Investigation of the Wind-driven, Density-induced Circulation and Seawater Intrusion of a Shallow Tropical 17
Lacustrine Environment (Laguna Lake, Philippines) 17
Modeling of the Fate and Transport of Mercury in Upper Agno River 18
18
Estimating the Yield of a Collector Well with Parallel Infiltration Galleries as Laterals 18
18
The Potential of Waste Mine Tailings as Geopolymer Bricks for Construction Material in the Philippines 18
19
Can counting vehicles be made simpler? Case study: Ulo ng Apo Rotunda, Olongapo City 19
19
What if Metro Manila had a Comprehensive Rail Transport Network?
Assessment of Reduction of Inorganic and Nutrient Contamination Levels for Water Quality Improvement
using Granulated Coal Ash
Study on Lane Capacities of Motorcycles under Controlled Conditions

Water Use in Small Scale Gold Mining and Processing in the Philippines

Impacts of Open Pit Laterite Mining on Watersheds
Viability of Growing Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac L.) in River Dredged Material Mixed with Heavy Metal
Contaminated Coco Peat
Establishing Factors for Landfill Site Selection in the Philippines using Fuzzy Logic

Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings (Recent Advances in Research at UP-ICE)

Rate of Bacteria-Induced Strength Deterioration of Banana Fiber Geotextile Used in Temporary Access
Road

Measurement of Air Quality in Selected Sites in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus

Deterministic Landslide Susceptibility Assessment of Antipolo, Rizal by Stability Index Mapping
A Study on the Effects of Historical Typhoon Parameters on Storm Surge Generation in San Pedro Bay
Using ADCIRC Model
Determination of Load-settlement of Cast-in-place Bored Piles from Bi-directional Static Load Test

4 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Chemical Engineering 22
22
Studies on the Complementary Actions of a Microbial Selector Reactor to the Performance of a Sequencing 22
Batch Reactor in the Biodegradation of Diclofenac and Paracetamol using Bacillus subtilis 22
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Seawater using CdxZn1-xS 22
22
In situ Transesterification of Chlorella sp. Microalgae using LiOH-pumice Catalyst
22
An Innovative Method of Teaching Frobenius Method in Graduate Mathematics Course
Energy Transition from DIESEL-based to Solar PV-Battery-Diesel Hybrid System-Based Island Grids in the 23
Philippines -- Techno- Economic Potential and Policy Implication on Missionary Electrification 23
Moisture Diffusion in Natural Rubber/Bentonite Nanocomposites: Effect of Clay Filler Treatments 23
Response Surface Methodology as a Powerful Tool to Optimize the Synthesis of Polymer-Based 23
Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Simultaneous Removal of Cationic and Anionic Heavy Metal
Contaminants 26
Hybrid Ontology-learning Materials Engineering System for Pharmaceutical Products: Multi-label Entity 26
Recognition and Concept Detection) 26
Methane Production and Waste Stabilization Inanaerobic Digestion of Food Waste, Biosolids and Waste 26
Cooking Oil 26
Characterization of MEPCM-Incorporated Paint as Latent Heat Storage System 27
Low-Cost Fabrication and Performance Testing of Polydimethylsilosiloxane (PDMS) Micromixers using an 27
Improved Print-and-Peel (PAP) Method 27
27
Department of Computer Science 27
28
On Distributed Solution to K-SAT on Membrane Computing (abstract to follow. I’m asking a copy in word 28
format. Some of the equations/formula do not come out correctly) 28
A Stochastic Agent-Based Model for Mangrove Forest Regrowth 28
28
Spiking Neural P Systems: Simulations and Nondeterminism

Technology to Support the One Health Initiative: Survey and State of the Art

Mining Wattpad: The Creation of an Updated Philippine Language Corpus

Proposed Interconnection Solution for Unifying the Different University Information Systems

From the Village to Connecting Communities Through Cellular Networks: Technologies, Socio-Economic
Impact and Policies (abstract to follow)
Vehicle Access Control Framework using Radio Frequency Technology

Facility Location Models and School Mapping: A Proposal for the Philippines
P-CNN: Improved Instance Boundary Localization using Multi-step Proposal Refinement and Spatial
Pyramid Pooling Subnetworks
Slicing-Based Test Case Generation from EFSM Models

Exploring User Resistance in the Implementation of Information Systems (IS)

On Extending the Original Minority Game with Tokens and Non-Binary Actions

Updates on RIGby: A Computational Workbench for Rice Integrative Genomics Analysis

Proof of Concept Implementation of an Enterprise Service Bus for Health Information Exchanges

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Department of Geodetic Engineering 30
30
Development of an Accuracy Assessment Methodology for Digitized Parcel Data Produced from 30
Orthomosaics Obtained from an Unmanned Aerial System 31
Positional Accuracies Achievable with Unmanned Aerial System 31

The Effect of Estero Rehabilitation in Urban Land Valuation 31
Farm and Farm Area Profiling Using Association Rule Mining and Classification: A Case Study in Philippine
Rice Farmers 32
Assessment of Building Evacuation Scenarios Considering Panic and Knowledge of Exits using a 3DGIS 32
Agent-Based Model
Mapping Near-Real Time Tropical River Basin Flood Inundation from Sentinel-1A Synthetic Aperture Radar
(SAR) Images and High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMS) Couples with Hydrometeorological
Datasets
Satellite Altimetry and Tide Gauge Data in Local Vertical Datum Unification

Evaluation of Topographic Correction Models for Diwata-1 SMI Images

Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations 34
Research 34
34
Association of Individual Risk Factors to Body Discomfort of Filipino Small-Scale Gold Miners 34
35
An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Group Decision Making Methodology for Imprecise Preferences 35
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Rapid Test Kid Used in the Field Monitoring of Iodine Content of Salt in 35
the Philippine Market 35
A Framework for Localized Risk Index using GIS-based Information on Hazards and Impact 36
36
Computational Experiments for the Two-Stage Chain Reentrant Hybrid Flow Shop and Model Extensions 36
Breakdown of Planning Time and the Establishment of Reorder Point Protection and Order Quantity
Protection for Low Expired Item and Stockout
A Task Analysis of Small-Scale Jewelry Craft Workers to Investigate the Effects of Work System Elements
and Sitting Mobility on Body Discomfort
Redesign of a Café Operation to Achieve its Three-Minute Mission

Pilot Study of the Development of an SME Internationalization Model Index for the Philippines

Development of a Risk Assessment Tool for Small Scale Gold Mining in the Philippines

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Wind Energy in the Philippines

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Department of Mechanical Engineering 38
38
Modelling and Analysis of Power Generation from Low Grade Industrial Waste Heat Using Ejector Trilateral 38
Flash Cycle 38
Uncertainty Quantification of Autoignition Kinetics Using Sparse Polynomial Chaos 39
39
Parametric Study of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Rotor Configurations Using CFD 39
39
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Novel Power-and-Refrigeration Elector Cycle 39
40
Design of a Two-Degree of Freedom Engine-Alternator-Air Conditioning Compressor System
42
Equipment Specifications Standardization 42
42
Economic Analysis of Alternative Fuel Vehicles for Public Transportation 42
42
A Consolidated Investigation on LPG as an Alternative Fuel for Public Utility Jeepneys 43
The Potential Environmental Impact of the Tidal Turbine Installation on the San Bernardino Strait: A 43
Preliminary Analysis 43
Developed Blade Propeller Drawing for Raked Propellers 43
44
Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials 44
Engineering 44
44
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Quantum Dots from Iota Carrageenan 44
Growth of Ultralong Ag Nanowires by Electroless Deposition in Hot Ethylene Glycol for Flexible Transparent 45
Conducting Electrodes 45
Structure and Conductivity of NiO/YSZ composite prepared via modified glycine-nitrate process at varying 45
sintering temperatures 45
Influence of Tide and Season on the River Water Quality of the Estero de Paco 45
45
Adsorption Studies of CU(II) and ZN(II) from Aqueous Solution of Hydroxyapatite Pellets 7
Comparison of FE-MMT Nanoparticles and Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane of PCL/FE-MMT for the
Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution
Effect of Copper Gleam Concentration on Electrodeposition of Copper using Low Metal Ion Concentration
Electrolyte
Installing the Iron (III)-Modified Montmorillonite Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Adsorbent Membrance in a
Column Device for Small-Scale Mining Wastewater Treatment
Degradation of Radiation Grafted Hydroxide Anion Exchange Membrane Immersed in Neutral pH: Removal
of Vinylbenzyl Trimethylammonium Hydroxide due to Oxidation*
The Effect of Particle Size Reduction of the Stability of Iron on the Stability of Iron-Modified Montmorillonite-
Polycaprolactone Suspension
Non-Isothermal Reaction Kinetics of the Dehydrochlorination of PVC Electrical Cable Insulations

High-Strength Stereolithographic 3D Printed Nanocomposites: Graphene Oxide Metastability

Electrochemical Migration of Silver in Electronics Applications
Stability of Philippine Nickel Laterite Ore in Aqueous Environment: Basis for Process Development and
Treatment
Electrokinetics and Stability of Solder Powders in Aqueous Media

Electrochemical Impedance Analysis of Perovskite-Electrolyte Interfaces
Continuous Extraction Process of Chitin from Discarded Shells of Philippine Blue Swimming Crab
(Portunus pelagicus)*
Acid Treatment through Reflux of Carbon Black Derived from the Pyrolysis of Waste Rubber Tire
An Integrated Approach of Predicting Metallurgical Performance Relating to Variability in Deposit
Characteristics*
Fabrication of Ag-exchanged Zeolite-Chitosan Composites and Effects of Plasma Treatment

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering Institute

Louis P. Alarcon employing massive MIMO at the base station
Analog Devices Professorial Chair and placing multiple operator-deployed small
“Smart-Wire: A 0.5V 44uW 0ᵒC to 100ᵒC Power cell nodes can significantly improve energy
-line Energy Harvesting Sensor Node” efficiency and capacity of the cellular
Paper presented in the 2017 IEEE Custom network while providing adequate level of
Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC), held in security, even with imperfect knowledge of
Austin, Texas, USA, on April 30 to May 3, eavesdropper CSI.
2017 (A. Chua, R. Maestro, J. Jardin, K. Monisit,
R. Nuestro, K. Fabay, B. Pelayo, W. Lofamia, J. Rhandley D. Cajote
Ortiz, J. Madamba, L. Alarcon, “Smart-wire: A Concepcion Hidalgo Sandoval Memorial
0.5V 44uW 0°C to 100°C power-line energy Foundation PC
harvesting sensor node”, 2017 IEEE Custom “Image Processing Algorithms for Structure
Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC), Austin, Detection and Damage Assessment from
TX, 2017, pp. 1-4. Satellite Images”
Abstract: In this paper we present some image
Anastacia B. Alvarez processing algorithms that were designed and
Vidal A. Tan Professorial Chair developed to process satellite images to
“Static Physically Unclonable Functions for perform post-disaster structure detection and
Secure Chip Identification with 1.9-5.8% Native damage assessment. Different combinations
Bit Instability at 0.6 – 1 V and 15fJ/bit in 65 nm” of preprocessing operations, feature
Published in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State extraction, edge detection, morphological
Circuits, Vol. 51, No. 3, March 2016. operations and post-processing techniques
were combined to generate an estimate of
Rowel O. Atienza structural damage. Using manually tagged
PLDT Professorial Chair Award images as reference, based on experiments,
“Immersive Virtual Reality as a Supplement in using improved line segment detection gave
the Rehabilitation Program of Post-Stroke the highest precision measure of structure
Patients” detection (an average of 66.88 percent).
Published in the proceedings of the 2016 10th Using image features and random forest
International Conference on Next Generation classifier for disaster assessment achieved
Mobile Applications, Security and improvements performance.
Technologies.
Paul Jason Co
Neil Irwin M. Bernardo Don Felipe Say and Theresa Chua Say
Vicente & Juanita Hao Chin Professorial Chair Professorial Chair
1 “Spherical Wave Expansion Modeling of
“On the Trade-off between Physical Layer Electromagnetic Scattering from Leaves”
Security and Energy Efficiency of Massive Abstract: A hybrid method based on spherical
MIMO with Small Cells” wave expansion for modeling the
Abstract: The primary design goal in cellular electromagnetic scattering from multiple leaf
technology is to provide high date rate geometries is proposed. The proposed
services to its customers while still maintaining method has been found to have very good
energy-efficient transmission over the network. agreement with a full numerical approach to
The road to move forward is through solving the scattered fields. The proposed
deployment of highly densified network method greatly reduces the time necessary to
topologies. The emergence of these network solve the scattered fields from multiple leaf
topologies has also open up research scatterers.
opportunities on how to exploit their physical
layer (PHY) characteristics in order to improve Franz A. De Leon
the overall security. In this paper, we analyze Dona Maria Co Chiao Ti Lim EE Centennial PC
the performance of a heterogeneous network “Application of Signal Processing Techniques
that combines massive MIMO technology and for Live Analysis and Transcription of Gangsa”
small cell networks via spatial soft-cell scheme. Abstract: Automatic music transcription is the
An optimization model is formulated that process of converting an acoustic musical
minimizes the total power consumption of the signal into some form of musical notation.
network while satisfying certain degree of Techniques have been developed by the
Quality-of-Service (QoS) and PHY security. signal processing community, but were mostly
Furthermore, we extend the optimization applied to Western music. In this study, we
model to consider uncertainty in the present a combination of different techniques
eavesdroppers’ channel state information to accurately transcribe and analyze a
(CSI). Potential trade-off between PHY security gangsa performance. Our aim is to capture
and energy efficiency was investigated. We and analyze the way gangsa is played, as
provide promising results showing that well as to develop a program for live
transcription and use it for teaching purposes.
To achieve our goal, a system was developed

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering Institute

that integrates onset detection, sound dx.doi.org/10.1145/2940157.2940161)
classifier, transcriber and graphical user
interface. Allan C. Nerves
Federico E. Puno 3 Professorial Chair
Ma. Therese G. De Leon “A Regression Model-based Approach to Fast
Hilary De Leon Professorial Chair Contingency Screening for Transient Stability”
Abstract: The study develops a fast and simple
“ENOB Degradation of an 8-bit 1-Ms/s SAR technique for on-line transient stability
ADC in 65nm CMOS under Supply Voltage assessment for the case of fault disturbances
Scaling” in the power transmission system. A case study
for stability preventive control by generation
Abstract: This paper presents an 8-bit, 1-Ms/s rescheduling illustrates an application of the
successive approximation register (SAR) proposed procedure. The study focuses on an
analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for wireless implementation of an on-line contingency
sensor nodes. The ADC was designed to work screening method. A regression model is built
at 1 V, with its effective number of bits (ENOB) between the proposed stability index and the
measured and compared with a constructed critical clearing time. This regression model is
model as the supply voltage was decreased based on off-line calculations for application
to 100 mV. The ADC achieved an ENOB of in real-time transient stability assessment. Three
different stability indices are proposed: rotor
7.851 bits and consumed 32.84 W with a 1 V Angle Increment index, Absolute Angle
supply. The ENOB was improved to 7.976 bits Increment index, and Kinetic Energy index. In
until 700 mV, wherein the ENOB dropped by the off-line computation, the regression model
approximately 3 bits per 100 mV decrement. relationship between the chosen index and
The ADC attains an ENOB of 1.011 at 418 mV. the critical clearing time is built. For on-line
Plotting the contribution of each ADC block in application, the critical clearing time is
the model showed that settling time determined using the regression equation and
dominated the decrease in ENOB the calculated stability index value. The IEEE
39-bus 10-machine test system is used to
degradation as V scaled down. evaluate the performance of the proposed
Examination of the discrepancy between the method.
model and the output showed that the model
used for settling time caused a deviation in Roel M. Ocampo
the degradation from the output. The ADC MacArthur V. Delos Reyes and Josefina Parras-
consumption was dominated by the SAR Delos Reyes PC in EE
Logic block that used LVT transistors, followed “Peering into Peering: Building Better Tools for
by the DAC. The other components Better Peering Decisions”
consumed power in the nanowatt range. Paper published in the 2016 26th International
Telecommunication Networks and
John Richard E. Hizon Applications Conference (ITNAC), added to
M.G. Carlos Sr. EE Centennial Chair IEEE Xplore on 16 March 2017.
“PVT-Aware Digital Techniques for a Power
Line Energy-Harvesting Sensor Node”
(978-1-4799-5341-7/16/ ©2016 IEEE)

Rico Jossel M. Maestro Carl Michael F. Odulio
Meralco Professorial Chair in Engineering TEAM Energy Professorial Chair
“A Study on Partial Reconfiguration with “Design of an LLC Resonant Converter for
Compression via Modularizing Secondary EDM Applications”
Processes of a General Purpose Processor” Abstract: The design of the LLC resonant
(E. S. C. de Comer et al., "A study on partial converter is presented for use in electrical
reconfiguration with compression via discharge machine (EDM) applications. This
modularizing secondary processes of a converter is designed to operate with a dc
general purpose processor," TENCON 2017 - input voltage and will output controlled dc
2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Penang, voltages during both the striking and arc
2017, pp. 443-448.) conditions of the EDM process. The method
employed magnitude and frequency control
Isabelle A. Montes to enable the converter to operate at zero
Dean Reynaldo Vea Professorial Chair voltage and zero current transitions. A voltage
constraint on the resonant capacitor will be
“Tangible Sharing, Invisible Mechanisms: The implemented to address a common source of
Design and Implementation of the failure mode that is normally neglected in
BayanihaNets Access Sharing Network” resonant converters. The design will inherently
protect the resonant capacitor from
(GAIA, August 22-26, 2016, Florianopolis, Brazil, overvoltage at different loading conditions
© 2016 ACM. ISBN 978-1-4503-4423-4/16/08 during machining. The normalized capacitor
DOI: http:// voltage will be included in the factors
considered when designing the resonant tank.
UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017
11

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Institute

A design example and simulation strategies. In particular, this paper will study
waveforms are presented to validate the the proposed methodology when applied to
design. the redundant charge controller setup of the
Cloudtop system.
Jordan Rel C. Orillaza
Alexan Professorial Chair Marc D. Rosales
“Distribution Utility Survey on Electricity Prepaid Manuel M. Lopez UP Centennial Professorial
Metering” Chair
2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) — “An 850 nm SiGe/Si HPT with a 4.12 GHz
Proceedings of the International Conference; Maximum Optical Transition Frequency and
2675 978-1-5090-2597-8/16/ ©2016 IEEE 0.805A/W Responsivity”
Published in the International Journal of
Jhoanna Rhodette I. Pedrasa Microwave and Wireless Technologies, Vol. 9,
Globe Telecom Inc. Professorial Chair in ECE Issue 1, February 2017, pp. 17-24/
“Comparison of Contention-based MAC
Protocols for Underwater Sensor Networks” Luis G. Sison
ICOIN 2017 Conference Proceedings and IEEE Roger Murga Professorial Chair
Xplore; 978-1-5090-5124-3/17/ ©2017 IEEE “Long Term Outcomes in Technopreneurship
Classes”
Michael Angelo A. Pedrasa Abstract: Entrepreneurship is widely
Federico E. Puno 1 Professorial Chair acknowledged to be one of the major
“Decentralized Voltage Control for Distribution engines for job creation and innovation. To
Networks with High Penetration of Distributed encourage more entrepreneurial and
Generators” technology transfer activity on campus, the
2016 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies ERDT Program in partnership with the DOST-UP
(ISGT) - Asia Melbourne, Australia, Nov 28 - Enterprise Center for Technopreneurship is
Dec 1, 2016; 978-1-5090-4303-3/16/©2016 IEEE continuously improving the IE298
technopreneurship class. In this work, we
Manuel C. Ramos Jr. examine long term outcomes from the
Federico E. Puno 1 Professorial Chair technopreneurship class, in particular, spinoff
“Software Defined Power for the Thin Client company formation, market validation
Based Computing System” activities, and public-private funding raised.
Abstract: High availability computing systems
usually rely on multiple redundant power Marc Cesar R. Talampas
supplies to continuously keep the system alive Mantaring-Gervasio Professorial Chair
even when one of the power supply “A Geometric Filter Algorithm for Robust
components has failed. This increases overall Device-Free Localization in Wireless Networks”
system reliability and uptime. The logic Published In IEEE Transactions On Industrial
typically applied is that if one power supply Informatics, Vol. 12, No. 5, October 2016
fails, another seamlessly takes over the load.
However, a system employing redundant Nestor Michael C. Tiglao
power supplies may not be fully exploiting the Edgar & Agnes Paynor EE Centennial PC
additional reliability and efficiency that can “Towards a Taxonomy of Cache-based
be harnessed from such a setup. With Transport Protocols in Wireless Sensor
additional controls available to higher level Networks”
software, several things become possible. Paper was peer-reviewed at the direction of
Load-balancing across the supplies and IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement
rotation of active power supplies can be Society; 978-1-5090-3202-0/17/ ©2017 IEEE
implemented which can further increase
system reliability and efficiency. Switch over Lew Andrew R. Tria
between solar (or renewable sources) and Jose P. Segovia Professorial Chair
grid power may also be useful depending on “Implementation of a Nonlinear Planar
the power condition of the area where the Magnetics Model”
system is deployed. Battery degradation can Published in IEEE Transactions on Power
also be considered in deploying loads across Electronics, Vol. 31, No. 9, September 2016.
multiple batteries in a battery bank. This paper
studies the use of additional controls on power
supply modules with the goal of further
enhancing reliability, efficiency and usability.
By exposing finer grained control to a higher
level operating system, it allows flexible
implementation power supply control

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UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 13

Institute of Civil Engineering

Alexis A. Acacio Earthquakes can be very damaging
Beta Epsilon Professorial Chair depending on a lot of factors – earthquake
“Integrated Cost Reduction System: Using Real source factors, source to site path factors, site
Time Soil Testing Information factors and the structure itself. This means that
To Achieve Real Time Foundation Selection” it may not be the nearest earthquake that
Abstract: Most infrastructure projects are value could damage a structure the most, but can
engineered during the design phase. A be an earthquake coming from a farther
foundation optimization method is presented source. A simulation of the May 20, 1986
in which value engineering can still be done Hualien earthquake was done using EXSIM_V3
even after the final design has been program. From the simulations, it was shown
optimized. The various steps of value that the program was limited in simulating the
optimization are outlined and discussed in this recorded earthquake mainly due to the way
report. the earthquake time record is shaped. The
shape of the earthquake record is quite
Oscar Victor M. Antonio Jr. different and hard to simulate using the
Northern Cement Corporation Prof. Chair in incorporated shaping method in the EXSIM_V3
Concrete Engineering (1) program. However, despite that, other
“Effects of Isothermal Curing on the parameters such as the frequency amplitude
Compressive Strength of High Early-Strength spectrum and response spectrum was
Concrete” approximated to a degree using scaling
Abstract: The utilization of high early-strength methods incorporated in the program.
concrete has been a common practice in Overall, the research shows that simulation of
concrete pouring activities specifically for recorded motion is possible although limited
reinforced bulk/mass concrete foundation of by the program in some aspects, in this case,
structures. As an example, this type of the shape of the earthquake record itself.
concrete mix was used for the turbine-
generator mat foundation of a coal-fired Doreen E. Candelaria
power plant in Batangas, Philippines. It was Robert Cheng/Uratex Professorial Chair 3
found out that even after implementing the “Use of Solid Wastes from Mine Tailings as
necessary countermeasures, the recorded Building Materials”
temperatures exceeded the threshold Abstract: Numerous Small-scale Gold mining
recommended by ACI specifications and Facilities in the Philippines produce tailings,
similar studies undertaken for this type of which contaminate neighboring water bodies
concrete. Compressive test results of due to the high amounts of heavy metals
isothermal cured concrete cylinder samples used in the process of extraction of gold. In
corresponding to early-age (1, 3, 7 and 14 this project, these tailings, collected from
days) concrete strength showed notable sedimentation, are used as replacement for
increase in strength vis-à-vis elevated curing fine aggregates in concrete. 0%-50%
temperature; while for the 21, 28 and 56 day replacements of fine aggregates, with regards
curing period had resulted in declining values to the total weight used in the concrete, with
as the isothermal temperature also normalizes. mine tailings and the corresponding
On the other hand, normal cured concrete compressive strengths of these mixtures
cylinder samples attained higher concrete through the mortar experiment are tested.
strength as it age, this trend was not identical Further experimentation on the behavior of
to the strength profile of tested isothermal these mortars is done through concrete
cured cylinder samples. Thus this work gives us cylinder testing. Leaching properties, water
a good assessment that inherent chemical contamination, and x-ray diffraction tests
reaction and internal heat generation when were also conducted to determine the
not properly controlled, will adversely impact immobilization of the heavy metals in the
the strength of concrete samples at early and concrete. We were able to conclude that a
later age. decrease in the compressive strength of the
mortar occurs as the percentage of the
Kristian M. Azul tailings increase. However, for normal mortar
Beatriz Basa-Altura Professorial Chair in Civil strength, all of the percentage replacements
Engineering pass the required strength and are
recommended for mortar, but are not
recommended for use in concrete.

“Simulation of May 20, 1986 Hualien Eric C. Cruz
Earthquake using EXSIM_V3 Program” Semirara Professorial Chair in Hydraulics

Abstract : Earthquakes are a natural “Planning and Engineering of Coastal
phenomenon. Although historical studies are Flooding Mitigation Works of an Airport
done extensively, it can only give us an Runway in a Storm-tracked Island”
approximate period when an earthquake Paper presented and included in the
source may produce another earthquake. A conference proceedings of the 7th Civil
frequent question arises whenever we design Engineering Conference in the Asian Region
for earthquake loads. As civil engineers, we (CECAR 7), held on August 30 – Septembeer 2,
are taught to be prudent and be efficient at 2016, at the Hilton Hawaiian Village, Waikiki,
the same time. Becoming both can be quite a Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.A. (Host) American Society
dilemma when working with earthquakes.

14 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Institute of Civil Engineering

of Civil Engineers

Ma. Brida Lea D. Diola Jaime Y. Hernandez
Levy V. Espiritu Professorial Chair in Civil Antonio G.Tan Giok Kun Professorial Chair in
Engineering Civil Engineering
“Analysis of the Performance of Concrete “Investigation of the Failure progressions of a 1
Hollow Blocks with Plastic Particles” -Story Gable-Roof Building Subjected to
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the Sustained Wind Speeds”
effect of plastic particles, such as Paper presented in the 9th Asia Pacific
polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fines and Conference on Wind Engineering, held on 3-7
high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pellets, on December 2017, in Auckland, New Zealand)
the performance of concrete hollow blocks
(CHB). The mix design of the CHB is based on Eugene C. Herrera
existing studies, and aims to pass all DMCI Project Developers Professorial Chair 2
applicable standards in the Philippines. The “Investigation of the Wind-driven, Density-
plastics are substituted to sand at 5%, 10%, induced Circulation and Seawater Intrusion of
and 15% volumetric replacement. The water- a Shallow Tropical Lacustrine Environment
cement ratio ranges from 0.41 to 0.44, and the (Laguna Lake, Philippines)”
sand-cement ratio is 7.5:1. Three to four Abstract: In this study, a three-dimensional
samples are made for each mix design, and (3D) hydrodynamic model was applied to
the samples are cured for 7 and 28 days, as study the water circulation characteristics of a
well as dried for one week. The compressive shallow tropical lake (Laguna Lake) under
strengths of the CHBs are tested and it is spatial and temporal variations in wind
observed that for CHBs exposed to 7 days of forcing, varying watershed river discharges,
curing, the compressive strength ranges from and dynamic sea interaction (Manila Bay).
8.7 to 13.6 MPa, while for those exposed to 28 Analyses were based from field observations
days of curing, the compressive strength and numerical simulations covering periods of
ranges from 8.7 to 13.6 MPa, while for those long-term and intensive field measurements
exposed to 28 days of curing, the compressive (dry and wet season). Results demonstrated
strength ranges from 14.2 to 18.9 MPa. It was different circulation patterns and vertical
also observed that in general, both PET fines current regimes in time and space that
and HDPE pellets decrease the compressive accentuated a thermally-stratified lake
strength of CHBs at both 7 and 28 days of environment in spite of a shallow water depth
curing, except at 5% replacement, the CHB (~2.5 meters). In the wet season, current
with PET fines have a higher compressive movement was generally directed for outflow
strength at 7 days of curing. The failure mode as embayment water mass move in the
of the CHBs are not affected by the general direction of the outlet. Vertical current
introduction of plastic particles. Using pattern demonstrated relatively uniform wind-
scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, driven flow during strong wind surges, and
it is determined that the bond between sand general sluggish (<3 cm/s) water movement
and cement is stronger than plastic and the rest of the time. The dry season flow
cement. Some plastics in CHB production pattern on the other hand was characterized
should be regulated since plastics may be by counter-clockwise gyre circulations and
beneficial or detrimental to the compressive salinity intrusion. Vertical current pattern
strength of CHBs, depending on the amount. exhibited a surface wind-driven current with
bottom compensating flow at peak day time,
Fernando J. Germar and general sluggish water movement at
Jose Aliling Professorial Chair night. Layering due to density difference (~1.4
“Updating the Philippine Building Code: Issues kg/m3) was enhanced by the intense solar
and Challenges” heating and seawater intrusion of the season.
Abstract: The first National Building Code of The mixed layer dynamics revealed important
the Philippines instituted under Republic Act implications to planktonic movement, nutrient
No. 6541 provided for the creation of a Joint recycling, and primary production of the lake.
Building and Environmental Planning Research Long term continuous observations and
and Standards Commission tasked to numerical analyses demonstrated the dry
“prepare a draft of uniform code of criteria, season seawater intrusion adding to the
standards, and detailed specifications… and eutrophic vulnerability of Laguna Lake with
recommend, from time to time, changes in the associated entry of nutrient- and
this Building Code”. Presidential Decree No. microorganism-rich polluted waters. A
1096 which subsequently repealed R.A. 6541 numerical experiment on bathymetric
did not provide for such body or mechanism evolution showed the same implication with
to update the Code. Provisions of the Code the increase in hydraulic residence time of the
has thus not been directly amended for the lake in the past 45 years.
past four decades. A review of the Building
Code indicates that the multitude of legal,
administrative, and technical issues appears
to require total repeal of P.D. 1096.

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 15

Institute of Civil Engineering

Reygie Q. Macasieb undergone upon extraction of the mineral
Quintin and Norma Calderon Professorial from its ore. In the Philippines, large amount of
Chair tailings are being produced every year and if
“Modeling of the Fate and Transport of not properly disposed or utilized, it imposes
Mercury in Upper Agno River” environmental and health risk. One eco-
Abstract: Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) friendly method to utilize mine tailings is
by USACE and Water Quality Analysis converting them into construction materials
Simulation Program (WASP) by US EPA were such as bricks using geopolymerization. The
coupled to create a model that would main purpose of the study is to determine the
simulate the fate and transport of Mercury in leaching potential of heavy metals from
Upper Agno River. HEC-HMS handled the geopolymerized mine tailings bricks. Results
hydrologic modeling while the TOXI module in showed that geopolymerization significantly
WASP handled the Mercury transport process. reduced the leaching of heavy metals from
The hydrological model satisfactorily simulated mine tailings. Durability test using water
the flow in the river and its tributaries which absorption also passed the ASTM
were used to drive the transport process of specifications.
Mercury in WASP. Validation of WASP model
shows that it was able to simulate the Mercury Hilario Sean O. Palmiano
fate and transport in Upper Agno River. The Dominador I. Ilio Centennial Prof. Chair
model showed a downward trend in Mercury “Can counting vehicles be made simpler?
concentration in surface water and sediments Case study: Ulo ng Apo Rotunda, Olongapo
from upstream to downstream while City”
accumulation of Mercury in sediments over Abstract: Traffic volume is a key factor in
time was observed. analyzing intersections and roundabouts,
usually used in determining road capacity as
Richmark N. Macuha well as in roadway planning. Unfortunately,
Federico E. Puno Professorial Chair B traffic volume counts in large roundabouts is
“Estimating the Yield of a Collector Well with challenging due to the difficulty in tracking
Parallel Infiltration Galleries as Laterals” vehicles in their circulation along the
Abstract: In recent years, collector well with roundabout as well as the constant inflow and
horizontal laterals is being used more often to outflow of vehicles. In this study, manual
tap groundwater resources. However, at the observation of a one hour video recording
moment, majority if not all yield studies are was used to determine whether random
focused on collector wells with radial sampling could accurately represent the total
orientation of laterals. In countries where turning movement volumes passing through a
trenchless technology is still uncommon, like in roundabout. Different sample sizes were used
the Philippines, collector wells either have a in the random sampling to determine the
single long lateral or parallel laterals. This minimum percentage of vehicles needed to
paper presents applicable yield estimation represent the total number of vehicles
techniques for collector wells with parallel entering and exiting the different legs of the
laterals in the riverbed. The first method uses a roundabout. Using the data gathered, a
source-sink pair model and image well theory, simple procedure was developed to apply
obtaining an approximate analytical solution. random sampling as a method in determining
The second makes use of MODFLOW, a the total traffic volume in field surveys. The
numerical approach to come up with a local results show that random sampling can be a
groundwater model. The yield estimates from viable procedure in determining the total
both are found to be in good agreement with traffic volume in large roundabouts with
actual field observations. The developed minimal cost and effort.
equations can be used for rapid estimation of
yield to other candidate sites. Although the Jose Regin F. Regidor
MODFLOW model produced more accurate Robert Cheng/Uratex Professorial Chair 1
results than the approximate analytical “What if Metro Manila had a Comprehensive
method, it should also be used with caution as Rail Transport Network?”
the estimates are usually greater than the Abstract: Metro Manila is currently lagging in
actual yields, which can pose a problem for the development of mass transit systems that
water supply development. could have alleviated traffic congestion in the
metropolis. Several studies have proposed rail
Christian R. Orozco transit lines in the past including a heavy rail
David M. Consunji Professorial Chair in network in 1973 and a light rail transit network
Engineering in 1977. The former was not realized and only
“The Potential of Waste Mine Tailings as parts of the latter have been implemented.
Geopolymer Bricks for Construction Material in Meanwhile, in 1999 a new master plan was
the Philippines” drawn up that also made recommendations
Abstract: Mining activities produce waste, for future rail transport development. This
called mine tailings, which has toxic paper presents on these rail transit lines and
components due to the process it has discusses the counterfactual scenarios for
Metro Manila concerning rail-based
transportation network development

16 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Institute of Civil Engineering

according to the recommendations of past by other motorized vehicles. It may be
projects. It attempts to answer the question of appropriate at this time to recognize the
whether transportation and traffic in Metro needs of the motorcycles and its inclusion in
Manila could have been better if a more the design guidelines. The study will help in the
extensive rail transit network was realized. development of motorcycle design guidelines
for the following applications: design of
Augustus C. Resurreccion exclusive MC lane at road sections and at
Oscar M. Lopez Professorial Chair in intersections and for intersection traffic signal
Environmental Engineering control setting.
“Assessment of Reduction of Inorganic and
Nutrient Contamination Levels for Water Roberto S. Soriano
Quality Improvement using Granulated Coal Dr. Leonardo Q. Liongson Professorial Chair
Ash” “Water Use in Small Scale Gold Mining and
Abstract: In Estero de San Miguel, large Processing in the Philippines”
amounts of untreated wastewater are directly Abstract: Numerous Small-scale Gold mining
discharged into the water body. Water quality Facilities in the Philippines produce tailings,
deteriorates due to decomposition of organic which contaminate neighboring water bodies
matter resulting into several environmental due to the high amounts of heavy metals
problems such as hypoxia, eutrophication, used in the process of extraction of gold. In
and bad odor. It has been reported that this project, these tailings, collected from
granulated coal ash (GCA) can be used as sedimentation, are used as replacement for
an absorbent material. It has been widely fine aggregates in concrete. 0%-50%
used in Japan for improving sediment and replacements of fine aggregates, with regards
water quality in littoral regions. The aim of this to the total weight used in the concrete, with
study is to examine the efficiency of GCA in mine tailings and the corresponding
improving water quality in Estero de San compressive strengths of these mixtures
Miguel. This study aims to apply GCA in through the mortar experiment are tested.
wastewater with different characteristics from Further experimentation on the behavior of
that in Japan. Wastewater collected from these mortars is done through concrete
Estero de San Miguel was poured into cylinder testing. Leaching properties, water
containers filled with different volumes of contamination, and x-ray diffraction tests
GCA. Samples were taken from each were also conducted to determine the
container at different retention times (7, 14, immobilization of the heavy metals in the
and 22 days), and measured for water quality concrete. We were able to conclude that a
parameters (e.g., pH, redox potential, nutrient decrease in the compressive strength of the
salts). Dissolution of chemical components of mortar occurs as the percentage of the
GCA was confirmed with the increase in tailings increase. However, for normal mortar
sulfate concentration, pH, and electrical strength, all of the percentage replacements
conductivity measured in the sample, and pass the required strength and are
the amount of dissolution from GCA was recommended for mortar, but are not
found to be proportional to the volume of recommended for use in concrete. (Please
GCA. The decrease in phosphate check though if it was published in PEJ. If yes,
concentration was observed to be just write down the PEJ volume etc.and do not
proportional with the volume of GCA, write the abstract just the title of the paper.
indicating the removal of phosphate also by Thanks!)
eluted ions from GCA. The ammonia
concentration and odor level in the cases with Guillermo Q. Tabios III
GCA were found to be relatively lower than Angel Alejandrino Professorial Chair
those in the control case, suggesting the “Impacts of Open Pit Laterite Mining on
adsorption of ammonia and odor by GCA. It Watersheds”
can be concluded from our results that GCA Abstract: This paper presents the impacts of
can be used to improve water quality in Estero open pit laterite mining of nickel and iron ores
de San Miguel. on watersheds. Laterites and saprolites are
found 10 to 20 meters below the ground
Ricardo G. Sigua surface thus mining of these mineral deposits
DCCD Engineering Corporation Professorial involve stripping 8 to 12 meters of topsoil to be
Chair able to extract these minerals. In view of this,
“Study on Lane Capacities of Motorcycles watersheds once stripped will have entirely
under Controlled Conditions” different fluvial geomorphologic
Abstract: With cars or other 4-wheelers as the characteristics from its original one in terms of
dominant mode in the country, roads are overland flow properties, channel lengths and
generally designed without due consideration slopes, land use cover, river network
of the need of the motorcycle(MC) riders. In configuration, sediment properties resulting in
2011, however, the implementation of modified space-time water and sediment flow
motorcycle lane was started in some major dynamics, thus definitely impacts the
arterials in Metro Manila due to frequent road hydrologic and ecologic functions of these
crashes involving motorcycles. Rather than watersheds. This paper discusses the impacts
being exclusive though, the lanes are shared of laterite mining on watersheds and raises

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 17

Institute of Civil Engineering

some policy questions related to laterite Buildings (Recent Advances in Research at UP
mining laws in the Philippines. -ICE)”
Abstract: Reinforced concrete building is the
Maria Antonia N. Tanchuling most common building type used in low-rise
Chancellor Ernesto Tabujara Professorial Chair (i.e., one to two stories) residential and
“Viability of Growing Sampaguita (Jasminum commercial buildings in cities around the
sambac L.) in River Dredged Material Mixed world. The past few decades have proven
with Heavy Metal Contaminated Coco Peat” that this dominant building stock is vulnerable
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the to strong earthquakes even though they are
characteristics of dredged material as topsoil designed using the recent codes, thus, leaving
and its viability as medium for growing owners and even engineers asking the
sampaguita (Jasminum sambac L.). This study question: “Is our building safe?” This paper
also aimed to evaluate the sampaguita's presents recent works on nonlinear analysis of
ability for uptake of heavy metals in reinforced concrete buildings conducted at
contaminated media composed of dredged the UP Institute of Civil Engineering. The
material and coco-peat. The contaminated proposed method being developed for
coco peat was spent material from a filter performance assessment of buildings
bed system, which was used as sorbent subjected to earthquakes and blast loading is
material for Pb, Ba, Cd, Hg, and As from based on nonlinear rigid body-spring discrete
wastewater of a small scale gold mining element method. Recent research works on
facility. The plant height, number of leaves, the detailed modeling of RC frames, walls,
time of first flowering (weeks), and number of slabs, and potential hinges in RC components
flowers were measured for 12 weeks to using rigid elements and springs with nonlinear
evaluate plant growth. Results showed that constitutive relations are presented. These
the dredged material could support the works are aimed at addressing the need to
growth of sampaguita, and had net gain in develop an efficient, accessible, and
leaves and number of flowers comparable to innovative method for damage state
plants grown in commercial topsoil. evaluation, vulnerability curve development,
retrofitting, and design improvement of
reinforced concrete buildings.

Noriza G. Tibon Lestelle V. Torio-Kaimo
Honorio and Elisa Allado Professorial Chair in V & L Aesquivel Professorial Chair
Civil Engineering “Rate of Bacteria-Induced Strength
“Establishing Factors for Landfill Site Selection Deterioration of Banana Fiber Geotextile Used
in the Philippines using Fuzzy Logic” in Temporary Access Road”
Abstract: With the growth of urbanization and Abstract: The Philippines is located in a region
population in the Philippines, larger amount of where typhoons and landslides frequently
waste is produced leading to the major occur. When primary roads are blocked,
problem in solid waste disposal. Most of the temporary access roads to affected rural
municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in the areas play a very important role in delivering
country are disposed in dumpsites and relief and rescue operations. The local
landfills. However, many of these disposal banana industry produces a huge amount of
facilities such as the Payatas Controlled organic wastes each year so in order to find
Disposal Facility which is the repository of new uses for these unwanted banana parts,
Quezon city’s waste, have already reached the tensile strength properties of banana fiber
their maximum capacity. In order to meet the are investigated to determine its suitability as
country’s landfilling needs, new locations must an alternative natural geotextile material. This
be sited. This study aims to establish weighted study focuses on the rate of biological
factors using fuzzy logic to aid in the site deterioration in the strength of banana fiber
selection. Since siting a sanitary landfill with the use of EM-1 bacteria. Based from the
requires extensive evaluation procedures to test results, the banana fiber doesn’t meet the
identify the best available landfill site, the minimum requirement set by AASHTO M288. In
procedure in this study employs every critical terms of strength deterioration, the double ply
requirement such as that of the government banana fiber deteriorates at a rate of 2.629%
regulations, with minimum impact in the (relative to its initial strength) per day when
environmental, social, and economic aspects. the moisture content is around 29.08% and the
A final list of 14 factors and constraints along rate of deterioration in tensile strength of
with their corresponding fuzzy weights and single ply fiber is higher than that of double ply
attributes as obtained from the legislature, fiber by 2.45%.
literature and experts’ opinion were
considered. Using magnitude method for Karl N. Vergel
defuzzificatio, the final factors were Alfredo L. Juinio Professorial Chair
presented. “Measurement of Air Quality in Selected Sites
in the University of the Philippines Diliman
Eric Augustus J. Tingatinga Campus”
DMCI Project Developers Professorial Chair Abstract. In 2012 to 2017, short-term ambient
“Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete

18 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Institute of Civil Engineering

air concentration of criteria air pollutants at Defended Slope Zone, which corresponds with
roadside locations in the University of the high to very high susceptibility to landslide
Philippines Diliman Campus such as carbon occurrence, which translates to 20%
monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), misclassification rate.
particulate matter 10 micrometers and smaller
(PM10), and particulate matter 2.5 Imee Bren O. Villalba
micrometers and smaller (PM2.5) have been DATEM & ACES Professorial Chair
monitored using Horiba Air Pollution Monitoring “A Study on the Effects of Historical Typhoon
System and the Met-One E-BAM. Roadside air Parameters on Storm Surge Generation in San
pollutant concentrations of CO, NO2 and Pedro Bay Using ADCIRC Model”
PM10 are still below the limits set by the Abstract: This study aims to determine the
ambient air guideline values along behavior of storm surge in San Pedro Bay
Commonwealth Avenue (northbound side bus generated by historical storms to understand
stop) and inside the campus (Faculty Center the storm surge characteristics produced by
and College of Business Administration different storm parameters. For this purpose,
stations) as of 2012. As of 2015, the roadside the Advanced Circulation Model (ADCIRC) is
air pollutant concentration of PM2.5 barely the hydrodynamic model used to simulate the
passed the Philippine guideline value of 75 storm surge in San Pedro Bay and the Holland
mcg/m3 with daily average concentration 1980 Typhoon Model is used to model the
exceeding 50 mcg/m3. Roadside air pollutant pressure and wind distribution over the model
concentrations of CO and NO2 are still below domain. A total of 12 historical typhoons,
the limits set by the ambient air guideline including Typhoon Haiyan, are selected
values along C.P. Garcia Avenue (Institute of based on wind intensity and proximity to the
Civil Engineering) in 2017. However, the study site as well as typhoons that have
average daily concentration of PM2.5 was generated storm surges in the past. Results
observed to be at 87.5 mcg/N.cu.m., which show that storm surge is concentrated at
exceeded the guideline value of 50 mcg/ Basey, Samar for typhoons with tracks above
N.cu.m., indicating that fine particulates are or crossing the bay while typhoons with tracks
becoming a serious air pollutant at the south of the mouth of the bay have simulated
roadside areas at the outer areas of the
academic core of the University of the Mark Albert H. Zarco
Philippines campus. Correlation of nitrogen Prof. Alfredo B. Juinio Jr. Professorial Chair in
dioxide and diesel vehicle traffic has been Civil Engineering
shown to be positive at roadside areas inside "Determination of Load-settlement of Cast-in-
the academic core (Faculty Center and place Bored Piles from Bi-directional Static
College of Business Administration). Load Test”
Furthermore, correlation of PM2.5 and total Abstract: Bi-directional static load testing is
traffic volume at roadside areas outside the widely used around the world for verify the
academic core (Centennial Dormitory near load carrying capacity of cast-in-place bored
C.P. Garcia Avenue) has been observed. Also, piles. Unlike the conventional top-loaded
correlation between PM2.5 concentration static load test, the bi-directional test allows
and traffic volume, traffic speed has been the end bearing and skin to be determined
observed along C.P. Garcia Avenue (Institute independent of each other. In this paper, a
of Civil Engineering). method for predicting the equivalent pile
head load-settlement curve considering
Jaime Angelo S. Victor elastic shortening is proposed according to
Northern Cement Corporation Prof. Chair in the load transfer mechanism. The proposed
Concrete Engineering 2 method is applied to test data obtained from
“Deterministic Landslide Susceptibility bi-directional test of a bored to illustrate the
Assessment of Antipolo, Rizal by Stability Index method.
Mapping”
Abstract: Slope instability associated with
heavy rainfall or earthquake is a familiar
geotechnical problem in the Philippines. The
main objective of this study is to perform a
detailed landslide susceptibility assessment of
Antipolo City. The deterministic approach for
landslide susceptibility assessment used was
through stability index mapping. Landslide
inventory was done through interpretation of
aerial photographs and satellite images with
corresponding field verification. In this study,
morphologic and non-morphologic factors
contributing to landslide occurrence and their
corresponding spatial relationships were
considered. The analysis of landslide
susceptibility was implemented in a
Geographic Information System (GIS). The
overlay analysis results show that the model
classifies 80% of the landslide to areas states of
Lower Threshold, Upper Threshold and

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 19

20 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 21

Department of Chemical Engineering

Florencio C. Ballesteros Jr. “An Innovative Method of Teaching Frobenius
Maynilad Professorial Chair 3 Method in Graduate Mathematics Course”
“Studies on the Complementary Actions of a Abstract: The paper derives the general
Microbial Selector Reactor to the Performance solutions obtained from the use of Frobenius
of a Sequencing Batch Reactor in the method for a more general type of second
Biodegradation of Diclofenac and order differential equation with variable
Paracetamol using Bacillus subtilis” polynomial coefficients. This approach avoids
Abstract: In most cases, wastewater treatment the tedium of mathematical manipulation of
facilities are not efficient enough in removing power series and allows analysis of the
pharmaceutical compounds present in the solutions obtained. The method includes
wastewater. As a result, these examples where particular type of special
pharmaceuticals contained in the effluent functions can be obtained.
accumulate at some bodies of water, which in
time may have adverse effects to the aquatic Joey D. Ocon
organisms, and to the entire marine Federico E. Puno 4 Professorial Chair
ecosystem. In line with this, the research study “Energy Transition from DIESEL-based to Solar
aims to provide a wastewater treatment PV-Battery-Diesel Hybrid System-Based Island
process that employs a sequencing batch Grids in the Philippines -- Techno- Economic
reactor (SBR) and microbial selector reactor Potential and Policy Implication on Missionary
(MSR using Bacillus subtilis) in the removal of Electrification”
pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater. Abstract: The cost of unsubsidized electricity in
More specifically, the optimum conditions at off-grid areas, particularly in the islands
which the highest percent removal can be dependent on fossil fuels, is expensive.
achieved were determined. This was done by Previous studies and recent installations have
varying three factors that affect the proven that renewable energy-based hybrid
degradation of pharmaceuticals, which are systems could be suitable alternative to diesel
volatilization time, presence of MSR, and power plants in island grids. In this
amount of sludge in the SBR. Results show that comprehensive analysis of Philippine small
the highest percent removal for diclofenac island grids, we show that there is a huge
was 69.77% while that of paracetamol was economic potential to shift the diesel
92.50%. Moreover, the toxicity of the effluent generation to solar PV-battery-diesel hybrid
wastewater was determined through an systems, with an average cost reduction of
acute toxicity test, in which lethal around 20% of the levelized cost of electricity
concentration 50 (LC 50) of the samples were (LCOE). Further, by encouraging private sector
specified to 0.87 ppm for diclofenac and 1.53 participation, hybridization could help provide
ppm for paracetamol. With these findings, the electrification for twenty-four hours, stabilize
research study may be used in the the true cost of generation rate with less
improvement of some wastewater treatment dependence on imported diesel prices, and
facilities in degrading pharmaceutical wastes reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
in the effluent stream; hence preventing an
ecological imbalance that could possibly
happen in the future.

Rizalinda L. De Leon Bryan Pajarito
Alejandro Melchor Professorial Chair UP Engineering Class of 1956
“Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from “Moisture Diffusion in Natural Rubber/
Seawater using CdxZn1-xS” Bentonite Nanocomposites: Effect of Clay Filler
Presented during the 4th International Treatments”
Conference on Chemical and Food The paper was presented at the
Engineering (ICCFE 2017) held on 28-30 March 13th International Conference on Diffusion in
2017 in Osaka, Japan, and published in the Solids and Liquids on 26-30 June 2017 in
International Journal of Chemical Engineering Vienna, Austria and was accepted for
and Applications (IJCEA) publication by Trans Tech Publications under
the journal “Defect and Diffusion Forum.”
Mark Daniel G. De Luna
Jardiolin Family Professorial Chair 2 Jem Valerie D. Perez
“In situ Transesterification of Chlorella sp. UP KEMGLOBAL Dr. Luz Salonga Prof. Chair in
Microalgae using LiOH-pumice Catalyst” Chemical Engineering
Paper published: M.D.G. de Luna, L.M.T. “Response Surface Methodology as a
Doliente, A.L. Ido, T.W. Chung, 2017, “In situ Powerful Tool to Optimize the Synthesis of
transesterification of Chlorella sp. microalgae Polymer-Based Graphene Oxide
using LiOH-pumice catalyst,” Journal of Nanocomposites for Simultaneous Removal of
Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5 Cationic and Anionic Heavy Metal
(3):2830–2835 Contaminants”
Jose C. Muñoz Abstract: Nanocomposites containing
Dean Juan L. Tiongson Professorial Chair graphene oxide (GO), polyethyleneimine
(PEI), and chitosan (CS) were synthesized for
22
UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Chemical Engineering

chromium (VI) and copper (II) removal from namely 0, 30, 50 and 70 mass percent volatile
water. Response surface methodology (RSM) solids (VS) was determined. The seed sludge
was used for the optimization of the synthesis used was a combination of cow rumen
of the CS-PEI-GO beads to achieve obtained from a slaughterhouse and pig
simultaneous maximum Cr (VI) and Cu (II) manure. The waste mixture that did not
removals. The RSM experimental design contain waste oil yielded the highest amount
involved investigating different concentrations of methane (61.5 mL g-1 VS), showed the
of PEI (1.0 – 2.0%), GO (500 – 1500 ppm), and highest VS destruction (48.51%) and rate of
glutaraldehyde (GLA) (0.5 –2.5%), hydrolysis (first-order rate constant of 0.187
simultaneously. Batch adsorption experiments day-1). Rates of hydrolysis and methane
were performed to obtain responses in terms production, methane yield and methane
of percent removal for both Cr (VI) and Cu (II) content of the biogas produced were lower
ions. A second-order polynomial equation was at higher amounts of oil added but constant
used to model the relationship between the amount of seed sludge. Nevertheless, the
synthesis conditions and the adsorption mixture containing 70% waste oil produced
responses. High R2 values of 0.9848 and 0.8327 9.54 mL g-1 VS. Compared with aerobic
for Cr (VI) and Cu (II) removal, respectively, composting, this method of treating food
were obtained from the regression analyses, waste is a promising energy-generating option
suggesting good correlation between for treating food waste.
observed experimental values and predicted
values by the model. The optimum bead Terence P. Tumolva
composition contained 2.0% PEI, 1500 ppm Dr. Magdaleno B. Albarracin Jr. Centennial
GO, and crosslinked with 2.08% GLA, and Prof. Chair
allowed Cr (VI) and Cu (II) removal of up to “Characterization of MEPCM-Incorporated
91.10% and 78.18%, respectively. Finally, Paint as Latent Heat Storage System”
characterization of the structure and surface Paper presented in the 2017 International
properties of the optimized CS-PEI-GO beads Conference on Chemical and Food
were done using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Engineering and published in the International
porosity and BET surface area analysis, Journal of Chemical Engineering and
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Applications (Vol. 8, No. 3, June 2017).
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-
ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Kristian July R. Yap
showed favorable adsorbent characteristics Maynilad Professorial Chair 2
as given by a mesoporous structure with high “Low-Cost Fabrication and Performance
surface area (358 m2/g) and plenty of surface Testing of Polydimethylsilosiloxane (PDMS)
functional groups. Overall, the synthesized CS- Micromixers using an Improved Print-and-Peel
PEI-GO beads were proven to be effective in (PAP) Method
removing both cationic and anionic heavy Abstract: The research presents different
metal pollutants. configurations of microfluidic mixers made
from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fabricated
Miguel Francisco M. Remolona using an improved, low-cost print-and-peel
Maynilad Professorial Chair 4 (PAP) method. Processes, such as mixing,
“Hybrid Ontology-learning Materials operated in the micro scale allow decreased
Engineering System for Pharmaceutical equipment size-to-production capacity ratio
Products: Multi-label Entity Recognition and and decreased energy consumption per unit
Concept Detection” product. In the study, saturated solutions of
Paper published in Computers and Chemical blue and yellow food dyes were introduced
Engineering, as Article in Press. inside the channels using a LEGO® improvised
Link: Hybrid ontology-learning materials microsyringe pump. Scanning electron
engineering system for pharmaceutical microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the
products: Multi-label entity recognition and average depth of the fabricated micromixers
concept detection - ScienceDirect) which was found to be around 14 µm. The
flows were observed and images were taken
Analiza P. Rollon using a light microscope. The color intensities
Maynilad Professorial Chair 1 of the images were then measured using
“Methane Production and Waste Stabilization MATLAB®. From the relationship between
Inanaerobic Digestion of Food Waste, Biosolids color intensity and concentration, the mixing
and Waste Cooking Oil” indices were calculated and found to be
Abstract: Shopping mall restaurants, food 0.9435 to 0.9941, which falls within the
processing industries and café kitchen standard mixing index range (0.8 – 1.0)
generate significant amounts of food waste regardless of the flow rate and the
(FW) and used cooking oil. This study explores configuration of the micromixer as verified
the application of anaerobic process, which through the two-way ANOVA. From the cost
generates methane, a renewable energy analysis, the cost of the device fabricated in
resource, to food waste coming from this this study is a hundred-fold less than expenses
industry. The performance of batch anaerobic from standard fabrication procedures. Hence,
co-digestion of food waste, septage and the fabricated device provides an alternative
waste cooking oil at varying waste ratio, for micromixers produced from expensive and
conventional lithographic methods.
UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017
23

24 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 25

Department of Computer Science

Henry N. Adorna native seedlings (Rhizophora). A sensitivity
Semirara Mining Corporation Professorial Chair analysis shows that in a run lasting 5000 days,
in Eng’g /CS there are two outcomes depending on what
variable is varying in the growth equation.
“On Distributed Solution to K-SAT on When either of the allometric parameters_or
Membrane Computing” (related to tree height and crown radius) are
varying, the native species dominates the
Abstract: We present a distributed solution to environment, with both species taking roughly
SAT, TPec with recognizer tissue P systems with 3.5 years for trees to recover from storms.
cell division rules and evolutional When everything is constant, or (allometric
communication rules as component P parameter related to maximum height) is
systems. In particular, we presented a 2- TPec varying, the non-native species dominates the
for SAT under a balanced fixed-partition. We environment. In a Monte Carlo experiment
showed that TPec working under a balanced where the allometric parameters, correlation
fixed-partition: ComN( TPec) = 1, ComR( TPec) time and diffusion rate (both used in the
= S, and ComW( TPec) = 4S; where S is the spatiotemporal colored noise associated with
number of satisfying truth assignment to seedling dispersal chance) are varying, the
using only anti-port like inter-component native species dominated the environment
communication rules. And under the same nearly 77% of the time with an average
partition and using symport-like inter- recovery time of 3.98 years.
component communication rules, we have;
ComN( TPec) = 2, ComR( TPec) = 2S; ComW( Francis George C. Cabarle
Dean Ruben A. Garcia Professorial Chair
TPec) = 2S, where S is the number of satisfying “Spiking Neural P Systems: Simulations and
truth assignment to . If we strictly use only Nondeterminism”
symport-like inter-component communication Abstract: In this report, we continue efforts in
rules, we have; ComN( TPec) = 1, ComR( simulating spiking neural P systems (in short, SN
TPec) = S, ComW( TPec) = S, where S is the P systems). SN P systems are parallel,
number of satisfying truth assignment to . nondeterministic models of computations that
Further, we remarked that speed-up in are Turing complete and are inspired by
computation using TPec could be achieved biological neurons. From our report the
deciding on an input of SAT, if the number previous year, we aim to provide
of clauses is at least n2; where n is the number improvements this year for simulating SN P
of variable in an instance systems in massively parallel processors known
as graphics processing units (or GPUs). For the
Vena Pearl A. Bongolan meantime and in this report, we provide
San Roque Power Corporation Prof. Chair in matrix representations and simulation
Engineering/CS algorithms of nondeterministic SN P systems
(previously, only deterministic SN P systems
“A Stochastic Agent-Based Model for were simulated). Such algorithms and
Mangrove Forest Regrowth” representations are planned to be used in a
latter implementation to improve the SN P
Abstract systems simulator for GPUs.
Mangrove forests along tropical coastlines
frequently suffer severe damage due to Jaime D.L. Caro
storms. The mangrove trees are extremely Dean Oscar P. Baguio Professorial Chair
sensitive to environmental stressors such as “Technology to Support the One Health
water salinity and tidal inundation. We Initiative: Survey and State of the Art”
propose an agent-based model for the Abstract: The One Health approach promotes
prediction of the regenerative behavior of the collaboration of multiple disciplines and
mangrove stands consisting of the native groups working locally, nationally, and
species and the planted or non-native species globally to attain optimal health for people,
in a fragmented habitat, with the use of animals, and the environment. This concept is
spatiotemporal colored noise for stochastic not exactly new but surprisingly, there are still
seedling dispersal. This study aims to model no web and mobile applications that truly
accurately the growth of mangrove implements it. This report reviews applications
populations while experiencing said factors that collect different types of health data and
and subject to storm damage. It uses Salmo lays the groundwork for the development of a
and Juanico's model for individual mangrove Software Toolkit for One Health.
growth, and uses spatiotemporal colored
noise for the dispersal of seedlings. Stochastic Mario T. Carreon
experiments were carried out in a shoreline Nippon Telephone and Telegram Professorial
habitat with an existing native population Chair
(Avicennia and Sonneratia) of varying ages “Mining Wattpad: The Creation of an
and a larger population of planted, non- Updated Philippine Language Corpus
Abstract: Language corpora provide a

26 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Computer Science

starting point for language analysis by Parts of the paper have been presented at
providing an easily accessible sampling of the IEEE CITS 2017
sentences that provide a glimpse of how the International Conference on Computer
language is currently being used. In this paper, Information and Telecommunications
we explore the creation of a three million System, July 21-23, 2017.
word corpus built from stories tagged as
#filipino from Wattpad, a popular online Ligaya Leah L. Figueroa
writing community. We then provide a word Filadelfo Panlilio Professorial Chair
frequency analysis of the corpus in “Facility Location Models and School
comparison to previous work. In addition, we Mapping: A Proposal for the Philippines”
showcase the results of a linguistics paper that
used the Wattpad corpus to provide a
contemporary analysis of the Filipino word
"naman".

Rommel P. Feria Abstract: Facility location models (FLMs) were
Ciriaco Corporation Professorial Chair in introduced in the early 1900’s as a systematic
Engineering and scientific method of predicting location.
“Proposed Interconnection Solution for Since then, it has received numerous attention
Unifying the Different University Information from various fields as a logical and
Systems” mathematical approach to solve different
types of location problems. One of the
applications of FLMs is school mapping.

Abstract: Information Systems (IS) are In this article, we conduct an inventory of FLMs
developed for specific purposes. However, it is by means of exploring the various FLM
inevitable that some information systems classifications. We then review how FLMs were
require data from other information systems. used in the context of a school mapping
To ensure that there is no data duplication, process. We also examine the conflicting
information systems of interconnect with each factors considered by education planners
other and exchange data. and stakeholders in several countries. We see
The University of the Philippines uses several that a unified facility location model with
information systems, of which the major ones barriers and forbidden regions seem to be
are the human resource information systems appropriate but have not been applied in
(HRIS), financial management information school mapping thus far. This type of model
system (FMIS), and the student academic seems to be applicable in rural Philippine
information system (SAIS). Data from these situations.
information systems are currently siloed. The
need to interconnect these IS is inevitable, as Nestine Hope S. Hernandez
data needs to be transferred from one to the Vea Technology for All Professorial Chair
other. As an example, a faculty member is an “Solving some Computationally Hard Problems
employee, hence the record is on HRIS, since Using Numerical P Systems with Thresholds”*
the faculty is also a SAIS user.

This paper proposes a solution that will Presented this paper in the 5th ASIAN
interconnect the information systems Conference on Membrane Computing
mentioned above, including the UP Library (ACMC 2016), held in Malaysia on 14-16
System (iLib), and the UP Open University November 2016, and included in the
MyPortal. It also outlines the revision to the conference proceedings.
proposed solution and provides a
recommendation for future work. Prospero C. Naval Jr.
Dado and Maria Banatao Institute Professorial
Cedric Angelo M. Festin Chair Award
Dado and Maria Banatao Institute Professorial “P-CNN: Improved Instance Boundary
Chair Award Localization using Multi-step Proposal
“From the Village to Connecting Communities Refinement and Spatial Pyramid Pooling
Through Cellular Networks: Technologies, Subnetworks”
Socio-Economic Impact and Policies” Abstract: We propose a lean model (P-CNN)
Parts of the paper have been presented at that implements a multi-step proposal
the IEEE CITS 2017 refinement network (MPRN) to increase
International Conference on Computer instance recall and improve boundary
Information and Telecommunications localization accuracy from weakly labeled
System, July 21-23, 2017. data. Highly accurate object boundaries are
Susan P. Festin crucial for stereo-vision object dimension
Filemon Rodriguez Professorial Chair in measurements. Our model is a residual
Computer Science network augmented with a 7-step proposal
“Vehicle Access Control Framework using refinement subnetwork fitted with pairwise skip
Radio Frequency Technology” connections to rectify bounding box
coordinates. The subnetwork creates a
correction mechanism where it automatically
extracts neighbouring information to improve

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 27

Department of Computer Science

proposals in earlier steps. During training, variations, agents pick one out of two possible
gradient corrections for feature maps and box choices per round of the game, and the
coordinates are backpropagated across winning choice at the end of every round is
steps through the differentiable bilinear the minority group of agents. In this work, the
interpolation layers. Proposal are generated original minority game is extended to allow
by a dual multi-scale region proposal agents to have more than just two possible
subnetwork, while a spatial pyramid pooling actions to choose from. Each agent is also
subnetwork adds objectness information. Our given a specific number of tokens per round
lean architecture outperforms models with that indicate how many choices each agent
wider feature maps but with not as many multi can take out of the available possible actions.
-step corrections. The model is tested on a Simulations of a three-actions minority game
weakly-labeled fish localization task with 30-50 with one token per agent were run to
fish objects. The model outperforms wider examine the volatility of the modified game
models (Faster R-CNN and 5-cascade MNC) and the agent distributions under varying
at test time. Very small objects are detected, number of strategies across agents. Results
and horizontal and vertical pixel distance show that the three-actions minority game
measurements have lower boundary preserves the general behavior of the original
deviation errors. In cases where bounding minority game. However, the three-actions
boxes overlap, neighbouring fish instances are minority game already enters the inefficient
separated, which is a notable improvement phase at lower memory lengths.
over instance-insensitive weak labels. Jan Michael C. Yap
Cesar Buenaventura Professorial Chair
Carlo R. Raquel “Updates on RIGby: A Computational
Soy & Tess Medina Professorial Chair Workbench for Rice Integrative Genomics
“Slicing-Based Test Case Generation from Analysis”
EFSM Models” Abstract: This work details updates on the
Abstract: Extended finite state machines implementation of RIGby, an integrative
(EFSMs) are widely used to model software genomics workbench for analyzing rice data.
systems. Testing from EFSM models requires The current status of the module now includes
the generation of feasible transition paths (TPs) updated data query and retrieval modules
and test sequence to trigger these TPs. In from QTARO, an online rice genotypic and
this paper, we present an approach that QTL dataset, and from NCBI GEO dataset, as
incorporates the information found from well as additional modules for rice data
model slices into the design of evolutionary retrieval from NCBI SRA, and for getting
algorithms, specifically on initialization, annotations for rice sequences and genes
selection and mutation operators, to from RAP-DB. Analysis and network modeling
generate test cases. Model slicing can be modules which include sequence alignment,
used to identify parts of the model that affect gene expression analysis, QTL mapping, and
the target transitions for testing. Using several network modeling were also implemented for
EFSM models and their model slices, the workbench.
experimental results show that the proposed Rose Ann S. Zuniga
evolutionary algorithm were able to generate Reciñas-Simon Professorial Chair
better test cases compared to random and “Proof of Concept Implementation of an
greedy approaches. Enterprise Service Bus for Health Information
Exchanges”
Ma. Rowena C. Solamo Abstract: Integration of health systems is one
Marithe Girbaud Professorial Chair of the biggest problem in eHealth today.
“Exploring User Resistance in the There are a lot of systems, yet they were
Implementation of Information Systems (IS)” developed using different platforms and
Abstract: This is a qualitative research on technologies, making them virtually impossible
understanding users resistance in an to connect. In this paper, we discussed
implementation of an information system. User how to implement an ESB as the integration
resistance has been identified as a salient platform for health data. We identified use
reason on why implementation of new systems cases and functional requirements. Logical
fails. There are many information system (IS) and deployment architecture were
researches that give rich insights into why developed, and an actual proof of concept
people accept and use technology but less of an ESB is developed. Experiments were also
emphasis on why people resist or reject done to determine the overhead caused by
technology. the ESB. Some of the functionalities of the ESB
were examined to determine their individual
Adrian Roy L. Valdez overheads.
Vicente & Juanita Hao Chin Professorial Chair
(2) UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017
“On Extending the Original Minority Game
with Tokens and Non-Binary Actions”
Abstract: In the original minority game and its

28

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 29

Department of Geodetic Engineering

Louie P. Balicanta as expected. Further reducing the GCPs to
Felipe F. Cruz Prof. Chair in Geodetic three (which is the minimum required number
Engineering of GCPs) yielded varying results depending on
“Development of an Accuracy Assessment the location of the three GCPs forming a
Methodology for Digitized Parcel Data triangle. The accuracy requirement can be
Produced from Orthomosaics Obtained from met if the GCPs are located at the corners
an Unmanned Aerial System” and around the perimeters, especially in
Abstract: The research entitled “A Study on the locations where the strength of linkages across
Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems in the image has been weakened relatively due to
Conduct of Land Surveying: A Research the deviations from flight lines. It was noted
Project in Support of Technology for Property that, in areas outside the coverage of the
Rights” aims to test the applicability of UAS GCPs, the error may increase beyond the
technology in generating parcel data. One of acceptable RMSE unless the ISC are accurate
the output of the research is a proposed to the level which is equal or better than that
methodology in assessing accuracies in of the GCPs.
position, distance, direction and area of
parcel data. This methodology is based on the Florence A. Galeon
concept of error propagation. The results of Cristy R. Hernandez Prof. Chair in Engineering
the experiments in Brgy. Tigbe, Norzagaray, "The Effect of Estero Rehabilitation in Urban
Bulacan and the implementation of the Land Valuation"
accuracy assessment showed that the output Abstract: The real estate always plays a vital
of UAS survey is comparable to the output of role in a country’s economy. Knowing the
traditional land survey techniques if the factors affecting urban land value is an
maximum allowable error of + 10cm important advantage in identifying the future
prescribed by the Regulations on Land Surveys of urban development and anticipating
is followed. However, errors in area exceeded potential changes. Land value is generated
the maximum allowable error in area which is by the community which resides upon it and
one square meter per hectare prescribed by any value gained by that land is generally due
the same Regulations on Land Surveys. to the improvements and other activities
made by the community as a whole. The
Ariel C. Blanco value of a piece of land is created for the
Prof. Emeritus Norberto S. Vila Professorial Chair most part by its locational amenities. Urban
“Positional Accuracies Achievable with populations have skyrocketed globally and
Unmanned Aerial System” today represent more than half of the world’s
Abstract: Positional accuracy that can be population. In some parts of the developing
obtained from products generated by world, this growth involved rural migration to
unmanned aerial systems (UAS) is largely settlements in and around cities. Because of
dependent on the accuracy of the exterior the inability of migrants to afford the
orientation parameters (i.e., image station expensive city dwelling units, most ended-up
coordinates and orientation angles) and the in informal settlement areas known more
ground controls points. Depending on the commonly as “slums”. Slums are densely
UAS, the accuracy of the image station populated, neglected parts of cities where
coordinates (ISC) ranges from a few housing and living conditions are
centimeters to several meters. The primary exceptionally poor. But as living conditions
objective of this study is to determine whether and public services improve throughout the
UAS-generated products, including city, land values might again begin to
orthomosaics, would be able to satisfy the 10- increase. Physical upgrading of slums with
cm (or better) accuracy requirement in street networks and improved access to
tertiary surveying. Aerial images were municipal basic services through
acquired covering FVR village. Poblacion, and augmentation of physical infrastructure has
Tigbe, both in Norzagary, Bulacan, Philippines proven to make formidable positive social and
using Trimble UX5 HP (with PPK capability). For economic changes. This study will determine
the case of Tigbe, the nominal accuracy of the actual effect of the rehabilitation of the
UX5 HP PPK ISC were set to 5 cm (xy) and 10 esteros in Metro Manila particularly on the
cm (z). Using ISCs only, the following were land values along Estero de Paco. Years of
obtained based on 9 checkpoints: 0.070 m uncoordinated efforts to rehabilitate the river
RMSEx, 0.054 m RMSEy, 0.138 m RMSEz. Note failed to clean it up. A new strategy got its first
that this satisfied the planimetric accuracy try along Estero de Paco, one of the most
requirement but not the vertical accuracy. polluted inlet. The rehabilitation was so
Using 6 corner GCPs, the adjustment RMSEs in successful that it has become the model for
the x, y, and z are 0.029 m, 0.029 m, 0.012 m, other esteros. PRRC in its own conducted
respectively. Corresponding checkpoint RMSEs study on the benefis of the estero
are 0.074 m, 0.011 m, 0.112 m using three (3) rehabilitation indicates that the residents in
checkpoints. With 4 corner GCPs (one at each general recognize the benefits and expressed
corner) and 5 checkpoints, adjustment RMSEs satisfaction. The gains in land values from PhP
(0.041 m, 0.039 m, 0.038 m) and checkpoint 4,000 in 2012 is projected to have increased to
RMSEs (0.055 m, 0.027 m, 0.101 m) indicate PhP 10,000 in 2015 and PhP 14,000 in 2017. The
that the planimetric accuracy requirement is data gathering fieldwork showed that there
met. It has been shown that the use of GCPs are no market transactions and market
significantly improve the positional accuracies offerings available. In their absence, the
method that we can employ is Land Residual
30 Technique utilizing market rent. The initial

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Geodetic Engineering

rental data gathered is from the portion of the chance_knowledge_exit (CoKE) attributes,
estero between Paco Market and Quirino both ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. If the CoP value is
Avenue. Five years after the rehabilitation of true, the speed of the PEOPLE agent is
Estero de Paco, this anticipation of land value multiplied by an assumed value of 1.5.
gains is yet to be realized. As of now, land Otherwise, they retain the base speed of 0.833
values remain the same as the land value m/s. If the CoKE value is true, the PEOPLE
indicator, house rental, surprisingly show. agent is assigned the target EXIT_POINT
corresponding to the designated_exit
Oliver T. Macapinlac attribute of the ROOMS where the PEOPLE
Rasa Surveying Professorial Chair agent is located. If CoKE is false, the PEOPLE
“Farm and Farm Area Profiling Using agent selects a random exit. Weights applied
Association Rule Mining and Classification: A to the INDOOR_PATHS computed from the
Case Study in Philippine Rice Farmers” number of PEOPLE agents currently on the
Abstract. User profiles or user models are same INDOOR_PATHS also affect the
essential in developing intelligent knowledge- movement speed. The egress time periods for
based applications. Examples of these different simulation runs were computed and
applications are recommender systems. In analyzed to examine the effects of varying
some recommender applications such as in CoP and CoKE values on the total egress time.
agriculture, the content of the user model is In general, the increase in CoP values resulted
not only confined to the active user but also to an increase in the total egress time.
extends to her working environment. In the Extreme values were obtained at CoP equal
case of the farmer, the user model also to 1 in which the movement speed of the
includes the farm area she is working on. There PEOPLE agents greatly decreased the total
is a strong interrelationship between the egress time. With CoP equal to 1, the increase
farmer and her farm area. This fact can be in CoKE still caused decrease in the total
seen by the farmer altering the land, at the egress time. As CoKE is increased, the total
same time the various bio-physical features egress time decreased correspondingly. At
and processes of the land altering the CoKE equal to 1, the increase in CoP still
farmer’s actions. In this paper, we use contributed to increased total egress time.
association rule mining and classification to From these results, it can be concluded that
understand and predict our farmer and farm even if panicking PEOPLE are moving faster,
area model by exploring association rules egress time is reduced if they have knowledge
found from this strong interrelationship. of the exit. Likewise, even if PEOPLE have
knowledge of the exits, they can evacuate
Edgardo G. Macatulad more efficiently if they do not panic.
Focus Global, Inc. Professorial Chair in Enrico C. Paringit
Engineering Atty. Raul C. Villanueva Professorial Chair
"Mapping Near-Real Time Tropical River Basin
“Assessment of Building Evacuation Scenarios Flood Inundation from Sentinel-1A Synthetic
Considering Panic and Knowledge of Exits Aperture Radar (SAR) Images and High-
using a 3DGIS Agent-Based Model” Resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMS)
Couples with Hydrometeorological Datasets"
Abstract: The primary objective in building Abstract: Flood inundation mapping was
evacuation is getting the people inside of the performed on time series SAR images
building out of harm’s way. In building produced from Sentinel 1A sensor over the
evacuation planning and management, the Agusan River basin area, Philippines on the
egress of building occupants is evaluated in tropical storm Auring (international name:
relation to exit locations, the escape routes, from December 2016 to February 2017. The
and the corresponding egress times. inundation mapping was done using
Earthquake and fire drills are utilized to segmentation technique that is contextually
evaluate egress and ensure that participants dependent on the land cover and fine-scale
learn where the nearest exits, however usually elevation. The results were then compared
incur corresponding costs and inconvenience. with flood inundation levels generated from
A 3DGIS-based multiagent geo-simulation interpolated water levels sensors installed over
(MAGS) model developed using the GAMA the river basin flood plain area over a
simulation platform was implemented in common elevation datum. The method could
creating building evacuation scenarios for the provide a rapid way of assessing an
case study building. Specifically, the effects of evaluating flood extents and distribution and
panic and knowledge of exits to the egress of can be immediately adapted by civil defense
building occupants were explored. In the authorities in defining calamity areas. Some
3DGIS MAGS model, PEOPLE agents are key insights on the accessibility, availability of
modeled to represent the building occupants. SAR data for processing is described and
Using the 3DGIS building layers of the case analyzed.
study building as inputs, FLOORS, ROOMS,
INDOOR_PATHS and EXIT_POINTS agents were 31
modeled. The simulation involves PEOPLE
agents evacuating to their target EXIT_POINTS
along the INDOOR_PATHS.

Their movement is affected by their
chance_panic (CoP) and

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Geodetic Engineering

Rosalie B. Reyes adjustment of the leveling network can be
Domingo T. Toledo Professorial Chair constrained. Both options will have a SD of 20
“Satellite Altimetry and Tide Gauge Data in cm with no fitting done yet. The fitting of the
Local Vertical Datum Unification” geometric geoid (GNSS-leveling derived
The adoption of a geoid as a vertical geoid) to the gravimetric geoid (PGM) can be
reference surface level still requires validation carried out with correction factors provided
as to its suitability to replace the conventional based on LVD offsets from the mean or the
heights i.e. mean sea level (MSL) heights. The reference level. If all quantities are in order
inhomogeneity of heights due to the variability then the resulting accuracy should be within
of MSLs from different sites caused confusion the acceptable level where it is possible to use
as to which reference MSL should these be GNSS technology for orthometric height
referred from. Thus, to effectively validate the determination in lieu of the traditional leveling.
geoid, these disparate MSLs that constitute
the local vertical datums (LVDs) should be Mark Edwin A. Tupas
unified. At present, the adjustment of the Stephen D. Sy Professorial Chair
leveled heights was constrained to the Manila
Bay MSL. However, due to the on-going “Evaluation of Topographic Correction Models
accelerated sea level rise and land for Diwata-1 SMI Images”
subsidence issues in the locality, its integrity is
put in question. This study explores alternative Abstract: Due to its non-sun synchronous orbit
means to identify a suitable vertical reference DIWATA-1 passes over the Philippines at
level to unify the LVDs in the country. different local times. To maximize its use,
Observed data from tide gauges not only images are being taken even at low sun
includes sea level variations but also vertical elevations, this presents several challenges
land motions as the country is on a including exacerbated topographic effects.
tectonically active area. The use of satellite Topographic distortion are changes in
altimetry data was used to assess the reflectance of remotely sensed surfaces due
consistency of the tide gauge data as this is varying slope, aspect, and incident sun angle.
deemed unaffected by any crustal For landscapes with mostly hilly and
movement. However, near the coast its mountainous areas, terrain correction is
accuracy is also compromised due to the imperative to improve utility. This work
contamination of the signal from nearby land evaluates available methodologies for
mass. New re-procesing techniques, topographic correction of the DIWATA-1 SMI
produced coastal products that are still images. Models evaluated include an
experimental but showed potential for empiric-statistic regression model,
validating tide gauge data. The DTU15 MSS Lambertian models such Cosine correction,
was used in conjunction with the Philippine and Modified Cosine, and contemporary non
Geoid Model (PGM) to determine the offset or -Lambertian models, Minnaert and C-
mean dynamic topography (MDT) of the sea Correction, and lastly VECA, a semi-empirical
surface from the geoid. Similarly, the local MDT model. Four images with varying terrain and
was also computed using MSL from tide sun angles in the NIR range, centered at 750,
gauge measurements. These MDTs provide the 870, 740, and 760 nm respectively, were
necessary information to fit the PGM to the corrected using the above mentioned
LVDs. models. Results were analyzed visually and
The local MSLs from tide gauge sites is on evaluated using simple statistic tests to
average 1.051 m higher than the PGM while determine the best performing algorithm. It
sea level from DTU15 MSS is on average 0.681 was observed that for DIWATA-1 SMI in NIR
m higher than the same geoid. The results of region C-correction was the most consistent
the analyses identified four (4) TGBMs model.
representing the LVDs as best candidates as
reference levels but with seismicity in the UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017
country considered, only the TGBM in Palawan
(TGBMXPLW3) is suitable. To check further the
stability of TGBMXPLW3, satellite altimetry
coastal product from OSTM/Jason-2 was used.
The difference of the tide gauge data from
the latter is around 2.4 cm with only 1 year of
data considered. The assessment also showed
MSL data from several TGBMs including BM66
in Manila Bay as questionable. The altimetric
and tide gauge data in Manila Bay showed
19.9 cm difference, which is in agreement with
the estimated land subsidence amount of 20.2
cm from previous study. Given the large
offsets, the SSTs or MDTs should not be ignored
during the nationwide leveling network
adjustment. Several unification approaches
were cited and these can be adopted based
on its practical applicability in the Philippines.
The PGM can be shifted by about 1.051 m
based on computed MDT average or 1.109 m
based on the MDT at TGBMPLW3 where the

32

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 33

Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research

Benette P. Custodio height of the tunnels and facilities, and work
UPIEAA Professorial Chair design of the mining and extraction processes.
“Association of Individual Risk Factors to Body Further analysis of other possible risk factors is
Discomfort of Filipino Small-Scale Gold Miners” needed for the body discomfort with no
Abstract: Work-related musculoskeletal association to the individual risk factors.
symptoms (WMSS) are one of the most Eugene Rex L. Jalao
common health problems around the world. Victor A. Lim Professorial Chair
These symptoms include discomfort such as “An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Group
pain, numbness, tingling, aching and stiffness Decision Making Methodology for Imprecise
felt on the different parts of the body. Body Preferences”
discomfort has been commonly associated Abstract: The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
with physically demanding working conditions, is a structured multiple criteria decision
one of which is the small scale gold mining. making (MCDM) tool in dealing with complex
However, there is little information about the decision making or decisions involving several
association of body discomfort in the small decision criteria, alternatives and decision
scale gold mining and extraction in the makers (DM) with subjective and objective
Philippines to individual risk factors such as evaluations to come up with a decision. Since
age, estimated height, years of work group decision making is a common scenario
experience, alcohol consumption, and in business and the presence of collective
tobacco consumption of the workers. wisdom can lead to better decisions, AHP has
Thus, to provide a baseline data of the been extended to Group Decision Making
prevalence of body discomfort and its (GDM). However, there exist limitations in the
association to individual risk factors, a survey current AHP GDM algorithms such as the use
of 124 small scale gold mining and extraction of imprecise values in preference elicitation,
workers in seven different mining sites from the subjective weights to assign for each DM and
north and south of the Philippines was inferior decision making preferences
conducted. The body discomfort maximization. Furthermore, existing
questionnaire used is a 5-point scale rating on methodologies in AHP-GDM addressed the
the frequency and severity of symptoms lack of precise values by introducing interval
perceived in different parts of the body such a judgment which limit the DMs in expressing
neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, their preferences. This paper presents a Non-
arms, elbows, hands or wrist, hips, thighs, Linear Programming (NLP) model that
knees, legs, and feet or ankle. maximizes the preferences of the DM and
Ninety five percent (95%) of the interviewees maintaining an acceptable level of
perceived body discomfort in at least one inconsistency in a GDM setting. It also provides
part of their bodies. Discomfort of body part a way to determine the weights to be
found in the upper body, middle body, and assigned to each DM based on subjective
extremities were found to be correlated; lower and objective criteria.
back (65. 32%), shoulders (59.68%), and neck Erickson L. Llaguno
(54.03%) have the highest percentage. Honorato L. Goco Professorial Chair
Spearman correlation was used to check for “Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Rapid Test
correlations between the frequency and Kid Used in the Field Monitoring of Iodine
severity of body discomfort and the individual Content of Salt in the Philippine Market”
factors. Results showed that severity of lower Published in the Philippine Engineering Journal,
back discomfort and estimated alcohol PEJ 2017; Vol. 38, No. 1:39-54.
consumption per week has low positive
correlation (0.347). Frequency (0.315) and Joanna Z. Resurreccion
severity (0.305) of knee discomfort also have a UP Alumni Engineers Centennial Professorial
low positive correlation to years of experience Chair
in mining. “A Framework for Localized Risk Index using
Binary logistic regression was used to obtain GIS-based Information on Hazards and
the significant risk factors that affect the Impact”
presence of body discomfort. No individual Abstract: This paper adopts a novel
factors were found to be significantly framework of the World Risk Index for localized
associated with presence of neck, upper or regional risk indexing using GIS-based
back, shoulder, arms, hands/wrists, hips, thigh, information. Its application accounts for the
legs, and feet/ ankle discomfort. Estimated heterogeneity in the world risk index
alcohol consumption per week was found to components, exposure and susceptibility,
be significantly associated with presence of before they are integrated with the coping
discomfort on the lower back, years of and adaptive capacity components of the
experience in mining to presence of various communities in an island nation. It
discomfort on the elbows, years of experience introduces how regional built assests and
in mining and estimated height to presence of natural resources can deter or exacerbate
discomfort on the knees. risks from natural and man-induced disasters
In order to reduce, at most prevent, body based on their spatial distribution across
discomfort, result of the study suggests that
emphasis is needed on alcohol consumption,

34 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research

regions. These are introduced as additional Assessment using Borg’s CR-10 Scale, Video
components in developing local risk indices. Based Assessment, Rapid Upper Limb
Assessment (RULA), Anthropometric and
Lowell L. Lorenzo Workplace Design Components direct
Pedro Dumol Professorial Chair measurements. In addition, Multiple Linear
“Computational Experiments for the Two- Regression and Logistic Regression are used
Stage Chain Reentrant Hybrid Flow Shop and for data analysis. The result primarily shows
Model Extensions” that working height mismatch, sitting posture,
Abstract: The 2016 PCA paper presented the working duration and sitting mobility
two-stage chain reentrant flow shop and the significantly affect the perceived body
lower bounds, heuristic solutions that were discomfort. Furthermore, recommendations
developed to solve the problem. In addition, are made to reduce the risk of developing
error bounds were derived for some of the work related disorders.
heuristic solutions. In the 2017 PCA paper, the
performance of these heuristic solutions will be Adeline A. Pacia
evaluated against the best lower bounds Cerlito San Juan and Family Professorial Chair
through computational experiments. Model “Redesign of a Café Operation to Achieve its
extensions of the two-stage chain reentrant Three-Minute Mission”
flow shop will then be presented. Abstract :
Harlan + Holden Café is a third wave coffee
Iris Ann G. Martinez shop that started its operations as a pop- up
Edgardo S. Pacheco Professorial Chair in café last December 23, 2016 in Greenbelt 5. It
Engineering is expected to operate its first permanent café
“Breakdown of Planning Time and the in June 2017, and expand to five permanent
Establishment of Reorder Point Protection and cafés by 2018. To uphold one of its brand
Order Quantity Protection for Low Expired Item values, uniformity, and as well as to be its
and Stockout” competitive edge, the café targets to
Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology implement a “Three-Minute Mission” with
to provide a quick way to determine the regard to the beverage service time to its
reorder point and order quantity for items that customers. Orders for any drink that take more
are produced in limited quantities (limited than three minutes will be free of charge. The
capacity) and that have short life span. The café’s target mission time, alongside with its
proposal is to cut the planning time into time aggressive expansion, is a challenge that the
horizons small enough to reflect small variance management has to overcome.
of demand during that time period, to plan Analyzing the café’s current system, three
the reorder point based on demand during major operational problems were observed -
lead time plus a protection quantity for the lack of standardized beverage making and
reorder point, and to plan the order quantity payment process, lack of personnel training,
based on the demand during the life span inefficient facility layout. Due to these
plus a protection quantity for the order operational problems, they currently only
quantity. Results of the application of the achieve their 3-Minute target 62% of the time.
proposal to a real life case study shows good If the “Three-Minute Mission” is implemented,
performance on minimizing expired items but the current average beverage service time of
demonstrates a need to refinement in order to 3:03 minutes translates to an average loss of
minimize shortage. 4,066.07 pesos in daily revenue. With the
forecasted annual growth of 6%, revenue loss
Aura C. Matias will increase. In order to reduce this
Ambrosio Magsaysay Professorial Chair in opportunity cost, four subsystems were
Engineering redesigned– process system, manpower
“A Task Analysis of Small-Scale Jewelry Craft system, production layout system, and forms
Workers to Investigate the Effects of Work management system.
System Elements and Sitting Mobility on Body Standard process and processing times were
Discomfort” established and the optimal manpower
Abstract. Jewelry making is a labor-intensive complement of the café was determined.
process for which Filipino craft workers are Simulation of the redesigned process resulted
very well known. Jewelry makers are to a reduced average beverage service time
considered as inactive workers and they must of 1:42 minutes. The recommended
sustain contorted sitting posture for long manpower loading and weekly schedule
periods. This study aims to investigate the increased the efficiency from 53% to 63%. The
factors of body discomfort by analyzing proposed layout system for the café reduced
various ergonomics risk factors present in the the time spent getting raw materials from
workplace. Moreover, the task analysis intends 21.25 seconds to 0.85 seconds. Lastly, the form
to have a comparative assessment between management system automated the daily
symptomatic and asymptomatic workers. The inventory form to reduce error and increased
methodology consists of Revised Oswestry the efficiency in accomplishing other forms.
Disability Questionnaire, Body Discomfort Implementing all the recommendations was
estimated to increase hit rate of achieving the
3-minute mission from 67% to at least 97%.

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 35

Nestor O. Rañeses UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017
Dr. Luis D. Pascual Professorial Chair in Systems
Thinking and System Dynamics
“Pilot Study of the Development of an SME
Internationalization Model Index for the
Philippines”
Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
are considered the backbone of any
economy. SME internationalization is defined
as the process through which SMEs strengthen
their position for global businesses by
diversifying overseas markets and sourcing
methods based on firm capacities. This pilot
study is part of the APEC SME Model Indices
research project undertaken under the
auspices of the Korean Small Business Institute
participated in by five APEC economies
namely Korea, Thailand, Chile, Philippines and
Malaysia from December 2015 to May 2016.
The SME Internationalization Model Index is a
composite of international participation index
and the internationalization complex index.
The internationalization complex index
comprises diversity index and intensity index.
With a valid sample of 62 manufacturing SMEs,
the computed SME internationalization index
was @ 40.338 with participation and
composite indices of diversity index and
intensity index of the Philippines determined at
35.493 41.118 and 44.552, respectively,
implying high potential for improvement. It is
recommended that the Philippines through
the Department of Trade and Industry
institutionalize the survey expanding the
coverage to both manufacturing and service
SMEs and fully validate the SME internalization
index as basis for systemic policy interventions
for more robust and sustainable SME growth
and development. Furthermore, it is
recommended to develop a systems
dynamics model that will articulate the stocks
and flows of internationalization of SMEs and
assess the impacts and consequences of
different policy options and support that
government provides for SMEs.

Virginia J. Soriano
Pedro & Francisca Maniego Professorial Chair
“Development of a Risk Assessment Tool for
Small Scale Gold Mining in the Philippines”
Paper presented in the AHFE conference held
on July 17 - 21, 2017 in LA, California USA and
published in Advances in Safety Management
and Human Factors, © Springer International
Publishing AG 2018

Mili-Ann M. Tamayao
Cesar Buenaventura UP Centennial Prof; Chair
“Benefit-Cost Analysis of Wind Energy in the
Philippines”
Paper presented at the International
Symposium for Sustainable Systems and
Technologies in 2016, in Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=o0liwM7ZIsc (Timestamp: 1:07:22)

36

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 37

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Menandro S. Berana polynomial chaos expansions based on least
Lim Seh Leng Mechanical Engineering angle regression (LAR PCE) [1] for the
Centennial Professorial Chair uncertainty propagation (UP) and global
“Modelling and Analysis of Power Generation sensitivity analysis (SA) of autoignition kinetics.
from Low Grade Industrial Waste Heat Using The UP applicability assessment was done on
Ejector Trilateral Flash Cycle” atmospheric, stoichiometric constant volume
Abstract: The novel idea of a modified 0-D autoignition of methane over initial
trilateral flash cycle with ejector has been temperatures of 1000-1800K, and the global
proposed and called the ejector trilateral flash SA applicability assessment was done on the
cycle (ETFC). The ETFC offers the advantage same pressure and equivalence ratio
of being able to generate power by turbine conditions but only at an initial temperature of
expansion from saturated liquid as opposed to 1000 K. The chemical kinetic mechanism GRI-
organic Rankine cyle (ORC) and partially Mech 3.0 [2] was used for all simulations and
evaporating cycle (PEC) which generates direct Monte Carlo results served as
power by turbine expansion from saturated references for comparison. We demonstrated
vapor and liquid-vapor mixture, the effectiveness of LAR PCE due to its ability
respectively. In ETFC, the working fluid only to construct accurate sparse PCEs. Further, we
needs to be heated up to saturated liquid carried out UP on a comprehensive range of
state, which only requires sensible heating; operating conditions. Given our findings, we
whereas, ORC and PEC involve latent heating anticipate that LAR PCE will be used in the
which requires significantly larger amount of future for the UP and global SA of very large
heat. The thermal matching of ETFC to a combustion kinetic models involving complex
sensible heat source is better than those of the fuels.
ORC and the PEC. This makes ETFC ideal for *Paper present in the 11th Asia-Pacific
applications of conversion of low-grade waste Conference on Combustion, on 10-14
heat to power. December 2017, at the University of Sydney,
There are various commercial and industrial NSW Australia
processes that produce heat as a by-product,
only to discharge heat to the environment as Louis Angelo M. Danao
waste. This waste heat contains significant Dean Marino Mena Professorial Chair in
amount of thermal energy that could be Engineering
utilized for practical purposes. “Parametric Study of Vertical Axis Wind
In this paper, a mathematical model is Turbine Rotor Configurations Using CFD”
developed for the ETFC using 1-dimensional Paper published in the Conference
irreversible adiabatic flow incorporated with proceedings: Difuntorum J, Danao L.A., 2017,
friction. As a basis of calculation, the waste Parametric Study of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
heat rejected from the condenser of an ice Rotor Configurations Using CFD. ASME. Energy
plant using ammonia was arbitrarily selected Sustainability, ASME 2017 11th International
as the heat source. The heat rejected from an Conference on Energy Sustainability
ice plant is significantly low-grade relative to ():V001T13A001. doi:10.1115/ES2017-3441.
other industrial plants such as cement plants,
steel plants, power plants, etc. The John Carlo S. Garcia
developed model is used in simulating the Vicente Paterno ME Centennial Professorial
ETFC system for 44 working fluids to determine Chair
the optimized performance, ejector “Thermodynamic Analysis of a Novel Power-
geometries, and thermodynamic parameters and-Refrigeration Elector Cycle”
for the system. Properties of fluid at each state Abstract: The study provides a theoretical
points of the cycle were determined. Only 22 analysis and performance evaluation of a
out of the 44 fluids resulted in an increase in novel combined power-and-refrigeration
net work. From the 22 fluids, RC318 had the cycle which uses R141b as working fluid. The
highest increase in net work at 6.14% increase proposed cycle couples organic Rankine
from the conventional TFC. RC318 also has the cycle with compressor-driven ejector
highest power generation potential at 53 kW refrigeration cycle, and is driven by low-grade
at an exergy efficiency of 9.87%. waste heat. Thermal and exergy efficiencies
are used to evaluate the performance of the
Jon Dewitt E. Dalisay proposed cycle. It is found out that the cycle
Tomas Padilla Abello Professorial Chair produces both power and refrigeration at an
“Uncertainty Quantification of Autoignition entrainment ratio of 3.10 which is
Kinetics Using Sparse Polynomial Chaos”* unconventional to ejector systems. Moreover,
Abstract: Quantification of prediction the proposed cycle performs better if it
uncertainties is requisite for the development functions solely as a refrigeration system which
of truly predictive combustion models. has a coefficient of performance of 3.26 and
Parameter uncertainties, such as those an exergy efficiency of 46.92%.
associated with reaction rate coefficients,
give rise to combustion quantities of interest,
such as ignition delay, that are uncertain. In
this work, we assessed the applicability of

38 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Ralph S. Jose fuel vehicles used for public transportation
Federico E. Puno Professorial Chair A specifically jeepney in the Philippines. Four
“Design of a Two-Degree of Freedom Engine- economic models were made from data of
Alternator-Air Conditioning Compressor the UP-SM North Jeeney route and for all
System” models it can be said that in terms of fuel
Abstract: This paper presents a new design cconomy(Fuel cost in Pesos
concept for an engine, alternator, and air per Passenger-km) the Electric jeepney is 35%-
conditioning (AC) compressor system. Most 37% more economical and the LPG Jeepney
automotive electrical and air conditioning is 2%-18% less economical, both in comparison
systems are designed with the internal with the Diesel Jeepney, In terms of Net
combustion engine driving both the alternator Income per Passenger-Km the Diesel Jeepney
and the AC compressor of the using belts and have higher net income (1%-12%) than LPG
pulleys. This configuration makes the Jeepney but lower net income (15%-20%)
alternator and the compressor dependent on than Electric Jeepney.
the speed of the engine. As the engine speed
increases, the alternator output electrical Edwin N. Quiros
power increases. This also increases the rate Federico E. Puno 2 Professorial Chair
of compression of the compressor increasing “A Consolidated Investigation on LPG as an
the refrigerating capacity of the air Alternative Fuel for Public Utility Jeepneys”
conditioner. This research connects the AC Abstract: This paper presents the results of a
compressor and the alternator using a two-phase study to determine the actual
planetary gear train (PGT) with two degrees of mileage (km/liter) of in-use diesel and LPG
freedom. The PGT has three possible points of (liquefied petroleum gas or Auto-LPG) public
connection, the sun gear, the planet carrier, utility jeepneys plying two separate urban
and the ring gear. Both the AC compressor routes using both on-road and chassis
and the alternator are directly connected to dynamometer tests . Dynamometer tests at
the gear train while the ICE is connected using 100% load factor utilized drive cycles derived
a belt drive. The result is a controlled from on-road speed data. Measured average
alternator and AC system. The amount of load factor in on-road tests was 60-70%. A
electrical power from the alternator is diesel equivalent mileage of actual LPG
controlled such that the AC compressor will mileage, which indicates LPG fuel energy
run on speeds that correspond to the desired conversion efficiency relative to diesel, was
running condition. calculated for comparing actual mileage
from both fuels. The LPG actual mileage in
Ferdinand E. Manegdeg both on-road and laboratory tests was lower
Apolonio P. and Lorna L. Yson Prof. Chair in than diesel. In on-road tests, the LPG diesel
Engineering equivalent mileage was similar to diesel actual
“Equipment Specifications Standardization” mileage so that fuel conversion efficiencies of
Abstract: A framework for determining both jeepney types were deemed similar. The
equipment standardization was developed, shortfall against diesel actual mileage was
end users’ need assessments and energy then due to LPG’s lower heating value per liter
audits on selected buildings at the University than diesel. The LPG diesel equivalent mileage
of the Philippines Diliman were conducted, was lower than diesel actual mileage during
equipment specifications were identified, and laboratory tests which implied that
equipment policy options to ensure additionally, LPG jeepneys had lower energy
sustainability and energy efficiency are conversion efficiencies than diesel at higher
suggested. The electricity consumption is load factors. LPG jeepneys have comparable
primarily due to airconditioning and lighting energy conversion efficiencies with diesel
loads. The minimum air-conditioner, lighting jeepneys at on-road load factors tested.
and computer system specifications were Optimization of the LPG jeepney via tuning
established. Rooms, offices, classrooms, and/or powertrain configuration is suggested
libraries, auditoriums, theater and laboratories especially for higher load applications.
were considered for the air-conditioning,
lighting and computer system requirements. Joseph Gerard T. Reyes
Policies for future procurement were HB Reyes ME Centennial Professorial Chair
formulated. It is recommended that a “The Potential Environmental Impact of the
thorough profiling of facility usage be Tidal Turbine Installation on the San Bernardino
conducted and the minimum equipment Strait: A Preliminary Analysis”
specifications for procurement be adopted. Abstract: A 1.5 MW tidal turbine is to be
installed at the area of the San Bernardino
Jose Gabriel E. Mercado Strait north of Samar Province and which will
Jesus P. Francisco PC in Energy Sector Studies supply electricity to the municipality of Capul.
“Economic Analysis of Alternative Fuel This will be the first installation of its kind in the
Vehicles for Public Transportation” Philippines. Hydrokinetic energy conversion
This paper presents the economic analysis of a systems, as infant technologies, were
benchmarking study of different alternative anticipated to have adverse influences on the
surrounding environment and these influences
must be analyzed and predicted in order to

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 39

Department of Mechanical Engineering
formulate actions to prevent and mitigate
these effects. Studies on similar systems were
made in other countries utilizing these
technologies and their findings could be
useful for all concerned with the installation
and operation of this tidal turbine system.
Paul L. Rodgers
Ariston I. delos Reyes Centennial Professorial
Chair in Energy Engineering
“Developed Blade Propeller Drawing for
Raked Propellers” *
Abstract: A method is proposed for generating
the developed blade drawing for raked
propellers. Unlike Holst’s Method1, which is
valid only for propellers without rake, this
method discusses the procedure for propellers
with rake, where the propeller blade
generator line is swept backwards from the
perpendicular position at an angle known as
the rake angle. The drawing obtained with this
new method is compared with computer
generated developed propeller blade
drawings and real helical surfaces, and a
reasonable match of the drawings is
obtained. The propeller blade projected
drawing is used in creating the blade pattern
on a helical propeller face during mold
construction and during finishing when the
final blade shape is to be machined.
* Paper presented at the Propeller and
Shafting Symposium held by the US Society of
Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
(SNAME) in September 2015, in Norfolk,
Virginia, USA

40 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 41

Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Alberto V. Amorsolo Jr. season tide ranges from 0.30 to 0.7 m while
Philex Mining Corp. UP Centennial Professorial wet season tie is at 0.48 to 1.3 m. DO levels
Chair-1 during the dry season are below 4.0 mg/L and
“Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization increase only with the assistance of the
of Carbon Quantum Dots from Iota aerators and island reactors in place at
Carrageenan” certain points in the river. On the other hand,
Abstract: Iota carrageenan was investigated DO levels during the wet season are at 100%
as a raw material for the hydrothermal saturation, and higher than the required Class
synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Two C standard of 5.0 mg/L. Most readings were
sets of 23 factorial experiments were at 7.0 mg/L or better. The low DO levels were
conducted at low acid concentrations (1%, noted for areas where accumulation of solid
5% sulfuric acid) and high acid concentrations waste was found. A thorough study on the
(10%, 50% sulfuric acid) in which the second conditions at which the aerators and island
factor was synthesis temperature (180oC and reactors can be operated can assist in the
250oC) and the third factor was time of improvement of water quality during the dry
synthesis (4 hours, 12 hours). The relative season. On the other hand, a more thorough
quantum yield of the CQDs was the major assessment of how to control solid waste
response monitored based on quanine sulfate infiltration in the waters will help in keeping the
as the standard. At low acid concentration, river healthy during the wet season.
there was an anti-synergistic interaction Asst. Prof. John Kenneth A. Cruz
involving temperature and time where Crisostomo A. Ortigas Professorial Chair
quantum yield was highest at the high “Adsorption Studies of CU(II) and ZN(II) from
temperature setting and low time setting. At Aqueous Solution of Hydroxyapatite Pellets”
high acid concentration, only the main effect Abstract: Heavy metals in wastewater and
of temperature was shown to be significant at water sources can cause several harmful
the 93% confidence level. effects both in the environment and to human
beings. A number of studies had been made
Mary Donnabelle L. Balela on the application hydroxyapatite (HAp) as
Robert Cheng/Uratex Professorial Chair 2 an adsorbent for these metal ions. However,
“Growth of Ultralong Ag Nanowires by most studies utilized HAp powder or
Electroless Deposition in Hot Ethylene Glycol nanoparticles which may raise disadvantages
for Flexible Transparent Conducting on water treatment processes as a
Electrodes” subsequent filtration is needed to remove
Paper published on 18 July 2017 in Hindawi reacted residues. In this study, the adsorption
Journal of Nanomaterials, Volume 2017, Article of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions on
ID 7896094, https:// hydroxyapatite pellets were investigated by
doi.org/10.1155/2017/7896094 batch studies at different contact times and
temperatures. The HAp adsorbent was
Rinlee Butch M. Cervera extracted from porcine bones via calcination
Prof. Jose Jovellanos Professorial Chair in and was further processed through sintering to
Engineering obtain pellets, which may now be utilized for
“Structure and Conductivity of NiO/YSZ adsorption. Chemical analysis using Fourier
composite prepared via modified glycine- transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the
nitrate process at varying sintering characteristic peaks of HAp and the presence
temperatures” of carbonate groups, which may have been
Paper presented in the Solid State Ionics, 21st from the remaining organic components of
International Conference on 18-23 June 2017, the bones. Furthermore, morphological
held in Padua Italy; Ceramics International, characterization at 3000x revealed the rough
Elsevier. surface and the solid structure of the HAp
pellets. For the adsorption experiments, an
Eligia D. Clemente orbital shaker was employed using 100 mL of
Maynilad Professorial Chair 5 10 ppm Cu(II) and Zn(II) solutions. Cu(II) ions
“Influence of Tide and Season on the River were found to adsorb faster on the HAp
Water Quality of the Estero de Paco” pellets with an almost complete removal
Abstract: As a tidal estuary, the Estero de Paco observed after 90 mins. On the other hand, Zn
has always been a difficult body of water to (II) was only significantly adsorbed after 60
study. By definition estuaries link up freshwater mins then reaching the maximum at 90 mins
and saltwater bodies, but in this particular corresponding to 42% ion removal. Kinetic
case, the link only happens with the turn of the modelling revealed that Cu(II) adsorption on
tide. The Dissolved Oxygen levels of the Estero HAp pellets may be described both by the
de Paco were monitored during the low and liquid film diffusion model and the pseudo-first
high tide as well as the dry and wet season to order model with a theoretical adsorption
determine whether any significant pattern can capacity of 0.82 mg/g, while Zn(II) adsorption
be discerned. The study showed that dry followed the pseudosecond order model with
0.58 mg/g adsorption capacity. Finally,
42 performing adsorption at 25°C, 30°C, and 35°
C resulted to a low correlation coefficient thus
varying the temperature do not have a
significant effect on the removal of both ions.

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Michael Leo T. Dela Cruz Leslie Joy L. Diaz (IMI)
Enrique and Elena Ostrea UP Centennial Integrated MicroElectronics Inc.
Professorial Chair Professorial Chair in Engineering
“Comparison of FE-MMT Nanoparticles and
Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane of PCL/FE- “Installing the Iron (III)-Modified
MMT for the Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Montmorillonite Polycaprolactone Nanofiber
Aqueous Solution” Adsorbent Membrance in a Column Device
Abstract: Heavy metals constitute a major for Small-Scale Mining Wastewater Treatment”
portion of the contaminants in chemical
effluents that cannot be degraded and are Abstract: In extracting precious metals such as
dangerous due to bioaccumulation. Thus, gold, some small-scale mining operators use
immobilization of heavy metals is essential and techniques that have adverse effects on
the adsorption process is regarded as an human health. One of the notable problems is
efficient and effective approach. Adsorbents that their wastes contain toxic heavy metal
such as the iron-modified montmorillonite ions that are not removed prior to disposal to
(FeMMT), a modified natural clay, are a natural bodies of water. Several studies have
potentially useful material for adsorption been done to investigate removal of heavy
because of their pore size distribution and high metal ions in contaminated water. One of
surface area. However, the recovery of which is a study by Dela Cruz (2011) and Dela
saturated adsorbent is a drawback for the use Peña (2011) employing adsorption technology
of FeMMT particles. Incorporating the FeMMT using an iron (III)-modified montmorillonite/
particles into a polymer matrix,PCL, to form a polycaprolactone nanofiber membrane as an
nanofiber membrane, PCL-FeMMT, would adsorbent material. This study aims to install
address the recovery issue. This study assessed that adsorbent nanofiber membrane in a
the removal efficiency of FeMMT particles and column device to facilitate deployment of the
PCL-FeMMT membrane to adsorption of technology to the small-scale mining sites. A
mercury (Hg2+), arsenic (As3+) and copper filtration assembly by Megafresh, one of the
(Cu2+) in a single ion system using an leading manufacturers of water treatment,
inductively coupled plasma – inductively was identified with the following criteria: (1)
coupled spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Results can be easily adapted, (2) must be easily
showed that copper was mostly favored installed, and (3) commercially available.
during adsorption at 100% and 33% removal Working with this column device, the next
for FeMMT and PCL-FeMMT, respectively. It steps involved techniques of fabrication of the
was followed by arsenic, which was removed prototype with the internal module made of a
at 94% and 13%, and mercury was removed at (1) cartridge, (2) substrate and (3) caps that
31% and 14% by FeMMT and PCLFeMMT, hold the nanofiber membrane in place. It was
respectively. The adsorption results were in found that using a polypropylene fiber
agreement with the scanning electron cartridge, #400 stainless steel mesh substrate
micrographs were surface of FeMMT particles for the nanofiber mat, and 3D printed caps
were available for adsorption. While the comprised a satisfactory combination for the
adsorbents in PCL-FeMMT membrane were prototype device. This combination did not
observed to be partially exposed. affect the flow rate of the influent wastewater
or the ability of the membrane to remove
Eden May B. Dela Peña heavy metal ions. The mesh substrate also did
Benguet Management Corp. Professorial not affect the spinning process of the
Chair nanofiber membrane. The device has been
“Effect of Copper Gleam Concentration on deployed on site and has been shown to
Electrodeposition of Copper using Low Metal remove heavy metal ions from the
Ion Concentration Electrolyte” contaminated feed actual wastewater.
Abstract: Copper deposition from solutions
using high concentration of acid, metal ions Richard DV Espiritu
and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and bis-(3- Benguet Corp. Prof. Chair 1
sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) and chloride ions “Degradation of Radiation Grafted Hydroxide
(Cl-) is well known. In this work copper has Anion Exchange Membrane Immersed in
been deposited using standard electroplating Neutral pH: Removal of Vinylbenzyl
solutions and low metal copper ion Trimethylammonium Hydroxide due to
electrolyte. It was found that copper deposits Oxidation”*
obtained from acidfree solutions containing *Open Access Article, published on 12
low concentration of metal ion and additives December 2016. This is under an ‘Open Data
produced copper deposits had properties Commons Open Database License’. The
which are comparable to those obtained additional metadata are available at http://
from standard electrolytes. The optimum dx.doi.org/
additive concentration for the low metal ion 10.17634/138124-1.
electrolyte was 50% of the recommended
value.

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017 43

Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Astrid Ayla E. Liberato Manolo G. Mena
Dean Francisco L. Viray Professorial Chair Don Benito Yao MetE Centennial Prof. Chair
“The Effect of Particle Size Reduction of the “Electrochemical Migration of Silver in
Stability of Iron on the Stability of Iron-Modified Electronics Applications”
Montmorillonite-Polycaprolactone Suspension” Published in the Philippine Engineering Journal,
Abstract: Nanofiber composites made of PEJ 2016; Vol. 37, No. 2:23-26.
biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) with
dispersed adsorbing clay like iron-modified Herman D. Mendoza
montmorillonite (Fe-MMT) have been Philex Mining Corp. UP Centennial Professorial
effectively filtering out heavy metal Chair-2
contaminants in mining wastewater. The “Stability of Philippine Nickel Laterite Ore in
viscosity and visual stability of Fe-MMT particles Aqueous Environment: Basis for Process
subjected to planetary ball milling in PCL were Development and Treatment"
investigated. Viscosity measurements revealed This study aims to determine the stability of fine
that smaller particles from longer milling minerals as single-component, two-
periods produced more viscous suspensions component, and three- component systems in
than larger particles from shorter milling dilute aqueous suspension as a function of pH
periods and with the untreated Fe-MMT. Visual and electrolyte concentration. The fine
investigation also showed that the more minerals investigated are silica (ave. diam. of
viscous suspensions manifest a higher visual 1.514 µm), hematite (ave. diam. of 0.351 µm),
stability by virtue of the slow settling rate of and nickel oxide (ave. diam. of 1.426 µm). The
smaller particles. The results of this study can zeta- potentials of the minerals are measured
be used for processing Fe-MMT-PCL using the micro-electrophoresis method at
suspensions that will produce well-dispersed Fe different pH and at different concentrations of
-MMT particles in PCL nanofibers. KNO3, as supporting electrolyte. The Hamaker
constants of each of the minerals in aqueous
Eduardo R. Magdaluyo Jr. medium are determined by getting their
Semirara Professorial Chair in Wall Mining respective critical coagulation concentrations
“Non-Isothermal Reaction Kinetics of the (C.C.C.) at their stable pH conditions and at
Dehydrochlorination of PVC Electrical Cable various concentrations of KNO3. The iso-
Insulations” electric points (i.e.p) for silica, hematite, and
Abstract: The non-isothermal reaction kinetics nickel oxide particles are determined to be at
of dehydrochlorination of four commercially pH 2, pH 7.5, and pH 8.5, respectively.
available polyvinyl chloride (PVC) electrical Hamaker constants of silica, hematite, and
cable insulations was studied utilizing nickel oxide particles in aqueous media are
thermogravimetry. The Arrhenius plot and determined to be 1.460 x10-14 ergs, 1.657x10-13
integral method employed to analyze the non ergs, and, 1.299 x10-13 ergs, respectively.
-isothermal kinetic data. The highest activation
energy Ede of 216.84kJ/mol and frequency The stabilities of the different component
factor A of 1.13 x 1024/min were observed in systems in aqueous suspension are monitored
PVC2 and derived from the direct Arrhenius for 24 hours and the stability behavior are
plot. The variation of activation energies quantified by getting the heights of
suggests a degree of complexity to the compression of the suspensions against pH
reaction process and supported by the plots and electrolyte concentrations (0.01M,
of differential thermogravimetry, wherein there 0.001M, ad 0.0001 M KNO3) and are analyzed
are samples showing shoulder curves at in terms of the classical DLVO theory. The
different heating rates. The kinetic parameters stability behaviors of these systems are
obtained in this study can be useful to predict described as the following: 1) Single-
kinetic model of the dehydrochlorination of component system (silica, hematite, and
the PVC electrical insulation cables and the nickel oxide): a) Silica dispersion is stable at pH
optimization of the process conditions. range 3- 11and unstable near its i.e.p of pH 2;
b) Hematite dispersion is stable at pH 2-5 and
Jill Z. Manapat pH 8-11, and unstable near its i.e.p of pH 7; c)
MIESCOR-Cesar Nuguid Professorial Chair Nickel oxide dispersion is stable at pH range 10
-11 and unstable at pH 3-9, its i.e.p. at pH 8.5.
“High-Strength Stereolithographic 3D Printed Two-component systems (silica- hematite,
Nanocomposites: Graphene Oxide silica- nickel oxide, and hematite – nickel
Metastability” oxide): a) Hematite-silica dispersion is stable at
pH range 6-11 and unstable at pH range 3-5;
Published is ACS Applied Materials & b) Hematite-nickel oxide dispersion is slightly
Interfaces. The Supporting Information is stable at pH range 3-4 and unstable at pH
available free of charge on the ACS range 5-11; c) Silica-nickel oxide dispersion is
Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/ stable at pH range 10-11 and unstable at pH
acsami.6b16174. range 3-9. Three-component system (silica-
hematite-nickel oxide): Hematite-silica-nickel
oxide dispersion is stable at pH range 10-11
and unstable at pH range 3-9.

44 UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017

Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Terence Lucero F. Menor carbonaceous material that can be used in
Cesar Virata-Daikin Industries Professorial Chair partial or full substitution of carbon black in
“Electrokinetics and Stability of Solder Powders different applications. Prior to treatment, CBp
in Aqueous Media” was washed with surfactant in order to
Abstract: Solder pastes are widely used in remove the oil on its surface and enhance its
creating mechanical, thermal and electrical wettability. Upon subjecting it to acid
connection between electronic components. treatment, there was a significant reduction in
Continued miniaturization of consumer its ash content which implies that acid
electronics drives manufacturers to achieve treatment through reflux is an effective way of
smaller, lighter, and faster electronic reducing the impurities of CBp. Further, the
packages at low cost. This faces them to the treatment resulted to a reduction of its major
difficult challenge of dispensing solder pastes elemental impurities, zinc, sulfur, calcium, and
in extremely precise and repeatable manner. silicon.
The most common problem in solder paste
dispensing is the clogging of dispensers which Djoan Kate T. Tungpalan
results from agglomeration and settling of Willy Lim Bon Teck Engineering Mining
solder powders leading to increase on the Centennial PC
effective particle size and uneven distribution “An Integrated Approach of Predicting
of particles in the mixture. In this work, Metallurgical Performance Relating to
microelectrophoresis was employed to Variability in Deposit Characteristics”
investigate the effect of pH and KNO3 The research is part of Designer Tailings
concentration on the electrokinetic behavior Project, a collaborative research under the
and stability of Sn, SAC305, and PbSn5Ag2.5 NextMineTM Initiative of Sustainable Minerals
powders in aqueous media. Results revealed Institute of The University of Queensland (UQ
that the electrokinetic behavior of the three SMI).
types of solder powders are similar, which was
attributed to carbon and tin oxide content on Magdaleno R. Vasquez
the surface of the particles. Electrokinetic Jardiolin Family Professorial Chair 1
measurements showed that the zeta “Fabrication of Ag-exchanged Zeolite-
potentials of the solder powders are highly Chitosan Composites and Effects of Plasma
dependent on pH and KNO3 concentration Treatment”
with isoelectric points ranging from 3.5 to 5.5. Published in Microporous and Mesoporous
Results were verified using settling tests. Materials, 241 (2017) 383e391; © 2017 Elsevier
Inc.
Candy C. Mercado
PHINMA Foundation Professorial Chair
“Electrochemical Impedance Analysis of
Perovskite-Electrolyte Interfaces”
Published in Journal Name, ©The Royal Society
of Chemistry.

Aileen Grace M. Ongkiko
Holcim Professorial Chair
“Continuous Extraction Process of Chitin from
Discarded Shells of Philippine Blue Swimming
Crab (Portunus pelagicus)”
Published in the Philippine Engineering Journal,
PEJ 2016; Vol. 37, No. 37-52.

Myra Ruth S. Poblete 45
Semirara Mining & Power Corporation
Professorial Chair 2
“Acid Treatment through Reflux of Carbon
Black Derived from the Pyrolysis of Waste
Rubber Tire”
Abstract: With the rapid increase in the
number of waste tires each year, there is a
need to study its recyclability and reusability,
particularly of pyrolytic carbon black (CBp)
derived from the pyrolysis of waste tires. This
study aimed to reduce if not completely
remove the ash content in CBp by subjecting
it to acid treatment through reflux at different
parameters in order to produce a

UP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL BULLETIN 2017