Iroquois tribe
social structure!!!!
By: Ana Kurelja, Sasha Kagan, Marcos Rodrigues, Joe Ruzzo
Table of Contents
Geography……...Sasha Kagan
Religion……...Marcos Rodrigues
Achievements……… Ana Kurelja
Politics……...Sasha Kagan
So cial St ructure………Joe Ruzzo
The Geography o f
the I roquo is
In this chapter you will learn... where the Iroquois
lived, their natural resources, and more!
This is a picture of
where the Iroquois might have
found some of their water to
drink or for kids to play in on
a hot day.
By Sasha Kagan
Where The Iroquois Lived
The Iroquois lived in an area we call Buffalo, New York. The Iroquois
lived on the coast of Lake Ontario, that's where the Iroquois would get their
water. They would also bathe there and children would play there on hot
days.
This is where the tribes of the Iroquois lived
Some of the Iroquois Natural
Resources
Some natural resources that the Iroquois had were…
Seashells- The Iroquois used seashells for beads called wampum.
Wampum was never used before the Europeans came. The Iroquois used
the beads to make strings and belts that had special purposes.
Fresh Water- The Iroquois got most of their water supply from Lake
Ontario. They also got some of their water supply from smaller lakes and
streams.
Wood- The Iroquois mostly built on high land. They built stockades with
gates around their villages. The gates were usually twenty feet high. There
were rows of buildings inside the stockade. Most of those buildings were
longhouses. The bottom of the longhouses are made from wood. The tops
are made from leaves, branches and twigs.
Animals- The Iroquois did not kill for a sport. They needed to hunt to live.
Almost everything from the hunt was used. The meat was eaten and the
skins were used for clothing and bedding which they would decorate with
berries. Bones were used for tools and utensils and sinews, or guts, were
used for string. Certain times of the year, female animals were not hunted
because it was the time when they raised their babies. Iroquois men and
boys were skilled at fishing. They only fished at night. The light from their
torches attracted fish to the surface and then they could catch them easier.
How Iroquois Would
Prepare Land for Farms &
Towns
The Iroquois live in an area that was filled with an abundant amount of
natural resources. But, you would not live in the same village your whole
life. You would live in an area for about ten to twenty years. After that, you
would run out of your supply of animals and trees. When the Iroquois found
a new location, to prepare the land the men cut trees around the base and
then pack mud or clay on the trunk above where they were cutting. After
that, they would burn underneath the mud or clay so that they didn’t have to
cut the tree all the way through and they clay or mud was fire resistant so
the fire didn’t burn the whole tree down. It stopped where the clay or mud
was.
The Iroquois made sure that the
men and women had equal jobs.
In this picture you're seeing the
women working on the farms
while the men and boys hunted
and the elders taught the youngsters
life skills.
W here the 5 Different
Iroquois Nations Lived
The Iroquois had their 5 tribes lined up in a shape that they envisioned as a
giant longhouse protecting them from danger and violence. The Iroquois
called this longhouse the “great” longhouse. The five tribes were Mohawk,
Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca. Mohawk and Seneca were the
keepers of the ends of the longhouse because they were at the ends of the
great longhouse.
Info About The 5 Tribes
English Name Iroquoian Name Meaning Location
Seneca Lake
Seneca Onondowahghah “People of the Great Genesee river
Hill” Cayuga Lake
Cayuga Guyohkohnyoh “People of the Great Onondaga Lake
Swamp” Oneida Lake
Onondaga Ononda gega “People of the Hills” Mohawk River
Oneida Onayotekaono “People of Standing
Stones”
Mohawk Kanien Keha:Ka “People of the Great
Flint”
Iroquois Religion
Medicine Men
There were different types of medicine men it
depended on your illness.Some performed
special rituals.You never paid the healers you
offered them sacred tobacco and the kind of
foods that they liked.
Birth Ritual
The G reen corn festival usually held in august and
lasted for several days and the midwinter festival
held in early february. Naming was a very special
event.There were naming ceremonies held twice a
year.You would have several names during your life
one when your born one when your a teenager and
one if become chief.
Family Religion
Most people in the iroquois shared the same religious
beliefs.If u have been adopted by a iroquois family you
can still follow your own religion the iroquois never forced
their religious beliefs into anyone.The iroquois respected
other tribes religion.
Hair
Women wore their hair in two braids until they were
married it was one braid.Men and boys had one strip of
hair on the top of their head today we call this a mohawk.
Men plucked their facial hair with clam shells. Beards and
mustaches made you look like a furry animal the iroquois
said.
Condolence Ceremony
The condolence ceremony was ritual performed when
someone died.One who’s relitave died gets comfort from
the peacemaker and the other family who killed their
relitave offers some too comfort wipes away tears said the
peacemaker
The Achievements of the
Iroquois
By:Ana Kurelja
The inside of a longhouse
Some achievements that you are going to learn
about are, how they made clothes, what they ate, what
was their language, why their trails were important and
what were their houses like.
W hat the Iroquois wore for clothing
Summer Iroquois dress
The Iroquois clothing was handmade by the women. Most clothing
was made out of deer skin. Part of the process was tanning the deer skin.
For example, in order to tan the deer skin they need to scrape off the hair,
soak the skin, stretch it, and then let it dry. The last step is to smoke each
side of the deer skin over a fire. They also made wampum belts. The
wampum belts were used to record information and great events.
W hy the Iroquois trail is important
Iroquois trail today
The Iroquois trails are now our highways. The Iroquois trails
connected the five nations. The trails were not used for any kind of
messengers or anything like that. If the Iroquois ever wanted to go visit
their relatives they would take another trail.
What the Iroquois houses were made of and who made them.
Iroquois longhouse.
The men made the long house out of logs, cross poles and elm
mark.There are 24 different families that live in the longhouse. Some of the
things that are in a longhouse are a place to put a fire, closets for their
cloths, beds made out of bear skins and compartments that separate the
24 different families.
What was the Iroquois language
Iroquois speaking.
The Iroquois had no written language. They had an oral tradition. This
means that the elders would be the storytellers of their tribes. This is where
families learned of their family history, your village and your nation's history.
Five nations of the Iroquois had different dialects. The five nations would all
learn their different dialects but all of the Iroquois had a common language.
What the Iroquois eat
Iroquois food.
The men and women in the Iroquois all get their food differently. For
example the men hunt bear, rabbits and deer. The men break the animal
apart and take the good parts out.The women take those parts and cook
them over the fire. The girls would gather the berries, wheat, corn, squash
and beans.The Iroquois used corn for many purposes. One purpose is
medicine.
How the Iroquois told date and time
different kinds of moons.
The Iroquois told the date and time by the way the moon
changes. The Iroquois would also tell how cold and warm it is
going to get close to winter or summer by the stars and sunset. It
takes about a month for the moon to get back to it’s first quarter
The Politics of The
Iroquois
This is a Chief that would lead a nation (out of the five nations)in a
council meeting.
The 5 Tribes in the Iroquois League
Mohawk Oneida Onondaga
They were the People They were the People People of the hills.
of the Flint Country. of Standing Stone. They were also called
They were named this This was because of the “Keepers of the
because of the natural the great rock in Council Fire”. They
resources of flint rock Oneida county. were called this
in the ground. because they
managed the League
council meetings.
Cayuga Seneca
The people of the boat landing, or They were called “The People of
the People of the Mucky Land. the Great Hill. They were also
Historians thought this because of known as the “Keepers of the
the marshland at Lake Cayuga Western Gate”.
So where does the name Iroquois come from?
In colonial times only the French called them the IROQUOIS
Also know as Haudenosaunee- the People of the Longhouse.
What is the Great Law of
Peace ?
This is known as the Iroquois Constitution.
This is just like our United States Constitution.
This is where government is set up along with the rules about freedoms
and the duties of the people and their leaders.
The Peacemaker thought that once everyone joined the League of the Five
Nations that everyone would come together for peace. Once the Iroquois
joined they never ever fought again.
→ All land was open to the members of the Five Nations and always safe
for traveling and hunting
→ Women were part of the government process along with the men.
Women had the job of farming and taking care of the land. Men had the job
of hunting. Elders had the job of teaching the younglings the ways of life.
What was a Clan?
A clan is made up of two or more longhouse families. It was
understood that the Iroquois were all related to the 1st female ancestor.
When you were born you automatically belonged to the clan of your
mother.
All clans were named after animals. The three most popular names
were Bear, Turtle and Wolf. The leader of each clan was the eldest and
most respected women. She had an important job. She decided who was
the Council Chief for the League, schedule festivals, gave out names and
removed Chiefs if they were not doing their job.
Clans are like you and extended family members. If you traveled and
needed a place to stay you could stay with a different clan. They were all
considered one big family.
the Iroquois are not very independent they like to work in teams/groups as you
see in this picture...they are working together to hunt deer.
Laws & Punishment
If a child of the Iroquois tribe did something wrong, he/she would not
get a slap across the face but he/she might get water thrown him/her or be
dunked into a stream. If he/she were extremely bad, then he/she knew that
Longnose would come after him/her. Longnose threatened to carry him/her
off unless he/she promised to be good. Longnose was played by an adult.
Most likely a relative who would wear a special mask that every child was
scared of. If Longnose came after a child, that child always promised to try
harder to be well mannered.
Not many adults of the Iroquois tribe committed crimes. And so there
were no police or jails. Very few of the members of the Iroquois tribe ever
stole anything. There were no locks on any Longhouse doors. A pole
leaning across a door was a sign that nobody was there or they didn’t want
you to come in. Inside the Longhouse all of the belongings were stored in
areas that could be seen. Stealing was so horrible that everybody would
look down on you if you stole. And that was considered a horrible
punishment. There were some crimes that would have harsher
punishments. For example, murder was the most horrible of crimes. The
punishment would be death. When a murder occurred in the Iroquois
nation, the nation or clans held assemblies to try to prevent future attacks.
The family of the murderer might send a gift of white wampum to the
victim’s Longhouse family. If the victim’s family did accept the gift, the
murderer’s family would be forgiven. If not, the murderer’s family would
have to live with the sahme for the rest of their lives.
Some Other Iroquois Facts
Council Meetings
A council meeting is when the five nations of the Iroquois meet all
together. This happens about once a year. No one tribe was in charge of
the meeting. It was a democracy. The meetings happened around a council
fire. Anything that had to do with all of the nations was talked about at this
meeting.
How the Iroquois Thought The World Began
The Iroquois people believe that the earth was created before the
people. The creation story has been told for many years. And now has over
forty different versions. Before the earth began, there was a Skyworld.
Below the Skyworld there was a big space of air and below that there was
a body of water. One day the King of Skyworld got ill. When the wife went
to look at him she fell through into the big space of air. The animals saw
her falling and carried her to land created by the animals. The land was a
turtle with soil on its back. The wife gave birth to a daughter who then gave
birth to two sons. Those two sons were named Flint and Sapling. Sapling
was born the normal way and known as the “good” child. Flint was in a rush
to be born and came out his mother’s side which brought her to death.
When the two boys buried their mother, the three sisters (corn, beans,
squash) grew out of her body. Sapling created all the good things in life,
such as roses and Flint created bad things in life, such as thorns on roses.
Flint and Sapling are always in a battle and that is how the Iroquois
believed the world began.
The Iroquois Social Structure
By Joseph Ruzzo
This is a picture of the Iroquois celebrating.
Families
Longhouse Fireside Clan
At least two or
more longhouse
families made up
a clan. An animal
A longhouse is A fire side family represented each
made of logs and is made up of clan. The names
cross poles and your parents, of the clans are
covered with elm brothers and Wolf, Deer,
bark. There were sisters. Heron, Beaver,
no windows but snipe, Turtle,
there was fire Eagle and bear.
holes in the roof.
The fire holes
were used to let
out smoke when
they cooked a
fire.
H ow kids were punished
If you were bad, an adult called long nose wore a mask
children feared. When long nose visited children they
always promised to change their behavior. Children were
also dunked in a stream.
Types of work
Work was a part of the Iroquois daily life. An Iroquois
women made tools for any thing she needed to do. For
example, she gathered and prepared the materials before
she made a whole basket.
The iroquois had different work for each season. During
the spring some people would peal elm bark and use it for
longhouses and canoes. In the late summer they would
also harvest crops and prepare them for storage the
winter.
Glossary
Geography Section
Flat land - Where the Iroquois made there longhouses and planted their
crops.
Wampum- Beads cut from seashells. The Iroquois used wampum to keep
important information.
Religion Section
illness- get from bad food,water,or air
naming ceremonies- held twice a year
ritual-when someone dies
iroquois hair-beards and mustaches made you look like a furry animal.
Achievements section
Tradition- A celebration the Iroquois do every year
Language- The way the Iroquois communicate
Dialects- Different accents from different places
Longhouse- were the Iroquois lived
husks- A bunch of corn put together
deer skin- Something that the Iroquois used for clothing
blouse- A really flowy shirt
Tanned- When women dry the deer skin so you can sew
poles- Little holes in the deer skin
moccasins- Shoes that the Iroquois used in the winter
Thread- What the Iroquois used to sew
deer bone- What the Iroquois used as a needle
These are names of all the different kinds of moons- mohawk, saskeawa,
tsotorha
Politics Section
Council meeting- a council meeting is when the five nations get together
and talk about the problems that concern the whole tribe not just one nation
Long Nose- long nose is usually an adult with a scary mask on that all kids
know and fear. When long nose comes to a kid to make him/her apologise.
Punishments - No ever really did crimes… if you stole something you would
usually get water thrown on you or if a kid stole something longnose would
visit you. if there was a murder you would be killed and that person's family
would be looked down on. that family would have to also regain the nation's
trust.
Social Structure Section
fireside Family- parents,brothers and sisters
longhouse family-oldest woman head of longhouse everyone in the
longhouse was related to her
clans - two or more longhouse families=a clan
Bibliography
Sasha Kagan
1. Levine, Ellen, and Shelly Hehenberger. If You Lived with the Iroquois. New York:
Scholastic, 1998. Print
2. Hakim, Joy. The First Americans. New York: Oxford UP, 2005. Print.
3. "Google." Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2016. <h ttp://www.google.com/>.
4. The Iroquois Tribe." B ritannica Online. Britannica Digital Learning, 2015. Web.
Bibliography
Ana kurelja
1- Levine, Ellen, and Shelly Hehenberger. If You Lived with the Iroquois. New York:
Scholastic, 1998. Print.
2- Hakim, Joy. T he First Americans. New York: Oxford UP, 2005. Print.
Most of these pictures are from google but the
information and some of the pictures are from Tuscaroras.com
Glossary
Tradition- A celebration the Iroquois do every year
Language- The way the Iroquois communicate
Dialects- Different accents from different places
Longhouse- were the Iroquois lived
husks- A bunch of corn put together
deer skin- Something that the Iroquois used for clothing
blouse- A really flowy shirt
Tanned- When women dry the deer skin so you can sew
pores- Little holes in the deer skin
moccasins- Shoes that the Iroquois use in the winter
Thread- What the Iroquois use to sew
deer bone- What the Iroquois use as a needle
These are names of all the different kinds of moons-
mowawk,saskeawa,tsotorha
About The Author
The author’s name is Marcos.Marcos is 11 he was born in
Brazil. But now lives in Edgartown Massachusetts.His
hobbies are playing basketball and football with his
friends.He enjoys playing video games and playing with
his sister.His favorite food is oven baked veggie pizza.
Marcos hopes to one day play in the NBA or NFL.But for
now he enjoys playing basketball and football at school
and with his friends.Marco’s mom is a very important part
of his life.she helps him every step of the way. Marcos
loves to watch cartoons and college basketball on TV.
About the author
Ana Kurelja Is 11 years old and half of her
family lives in Croatia. she goes to the edgartown school. She
has a big sister and a little sister. Some of her hobbies are
drawing, writing stories, playing with her baby sister and having
alone time with her mom.
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