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Published by kkeating, 2018-03-05 14:34:13

FTLeonardWoodA210FULLweb

FTLeonardWoodA210FULLweb

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

UNITED STATES
ARMY

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri

By Dr. Larry Roberts

he history of Fort Leonard Wood dates back to the darkGeneral Leonard Wood
days just before World War II. By 1940, war had engulfed
Europe and much of Asia. The United States was slowlyhe post is named for Major General Leonard Wood, a
distinguished American Soldier whose service to his
Tand painfully struggling to put its military house in order. Bycountry spanned 40 years. A warrior and a surgeon,
Tthen, many Americans believed that it was only a matter ofWood graduated from Harvard University and began his military
service as a contract surgeon during the Apache Indian Wars in
8time before the country would be drawn into what was rapidlythe 1880s, winning the Congressional Medal of Honor for valor.

becoming a global conflict.At the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, Wood
commanded the 1st U.S. Volunteer Cavalry, better known as the
1 TThe nation’s leaders worked to increase the size of the armedRough Riders. His second in command, Theodore Roosevelt,
took over the regiment when Wood was promoted. Roosevelt
forces, procure modern equipment, and merge the two into anearned fame for leading the Rough Riders in the charge on San
Juan Hill.
0effective fighting force. One of the major challenges was finding
2 Hsuitable training areas for the expanding Army. In 1940, the WarWood served as the Army’s Chief of Staff from 1910 to
1914. His last position of service was as Governor General of the
Department decided to establish a major training facility in thePhilippine Islands, which Spain had ceded to the United States
after the Spanish-American War. Wood held this position until
© IGSeventh Corps area. This command comprised most of the stateshis death in 1927.

of the central plains. Originally located near Leon, Iowa, the site

R 'Sfor the new training center was moved to south-central Missouri.
On 3 December 1940, military and state officials broke
ground for what was known as the Seventh Corps Area Training

Y DCenter. In early January 1941, the War Department designated
COLEPOSNTAURDIOthe installation as Fort Leonard Wood.

Major General Leonard Wood

2

©OP2Y0R18AIGRHDT'SBuildingtheFort

uilding a major training center in the rugged terrain

BC N IOof the Ozarks presented a formidable challenge. The
nearest rail service was several miles away. There was
no housing for the thousands of workers who would build the
post. Fort Leonard Wood had to be built quickly, since the first

O Dtroops were scheduled to arrive in only a matter of weeks after

the initial ground breaking. First to train at Fort Leonard Wood

Ewere elements of the 6th Infantry Division.
L UInclement weather complicated construction; bulldozers

often were needed to drag lumber trucks through the mud. But

Tthrough sheer determination and hard work, construction crews

completed their task by June 1941. They had built nearly 1,600

Sbuildings, comprising more than five million square feet of
on the post. During World War II, more than 300,000 Soldiers
passed through Fort Leonard Wood on their way to service in
every theater of operation.

While the post was initially designated as an infantry
division training area, Fort Leonard Wood quickly took on an
engineer training mission. In March 1941, the first elements
of an Engineer Replacement Training Center arrived in south-
central Missouri. The growing size of the engineer force and
limited training facilities at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, prompted
the Chief of Engineers to look for additional training locations.
Initially, engineer training focused on the training of individual
replacements for established units. Soldiers went through a
program that included both basic and engineer Soldier skills.
The training schedule varied from 8 to 14 weeks, depending
on the need for engineer replacements. In time, engineer units
floor space, at a cost of $37 million—and had done the job in were formed on the post and completed their training prior to
six months. movement overseas.

Original Training Mission Post-World War II

Fort Leonard Wood was to be the home of the 6th Infantry With the end of the war in 1945, training declined at
Division. In time, four other infantry divisions—the 8th, Fort Leonard Wood and ceased completely in the
the 70th, the 75th, and the 97th—trained at the installation. spring of 1946. The War Department placed the
In addition, a number of non divisional units, ranging from field post on the inactive list. Between 1946 and 1950, a small
artillery battalions to quartermaster companies, also trained caretaker unit maintained some of the facilities, which were

3

used for summer training by National Guard units. Much of the in the mid-1970s, but was unable to get the plan approved for
reservation was leased to an Oklahoma rancher who used the nearly ten years. The Engineer School completed its move in
area for grazing cattle.
1989, occupying a new $60 million state-of-the-art training

Korean War and education facility. *For the first time in nearly 50 years,
all engineer training— including officers, warrant officers,

In June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea. The United noncommissioned officers, and enlisted personnel—would
States, as a major part of the United Nations mission, went take place at the same location. The growth of the post brought
into action to halt and turn back the North Korean aggression. even more construction, with new commissary, fitness, and
The Department of the Army once again needed training areas. training facilities.

On 1 August 1950, the Army announced that Fort Leonard Wood Post-Cold War
was to be reopened to provide basic and engineer training for
Soldiers destined for Korea.
The Army reactivated the 6th Armored Division and gave the he end of the Cold War did not result in a decline in activity
at the post. The invasion of Kuwait by Iraq prompted a
Tdivision the training mission as the cadre unit. The commander significant military response by the United States and its
allies. Fort Leonard Wood units were deployed to Southwest
of the 6th Armored Division was Major General Samuel Sturgis, Asia for Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.
a distinguished engineer who had served under General Douglas
MacArthur in the Pacific during World War II. Sturgis would In addition, the installation processed more than 4,000
Reserve Component Soldiers mobilized in response to the
8ultimately become the Chief of Engineers. Iraqi invasion. This included 16 United States Army Reserve
Cold War and 9 Army National Guard units. Fort Leonard Wood also
1 Then hostilities ended in Korea, there was some concern provided personnel and technical expertise to contingency and
humanitarian operations in Somalia, Haiti, and Bosnia. Post-Cold
W 0over the fate of the post. However, the military War training also included instruction in engineer construction
2 Hdemands of the Cold War and aggressive efforts by techniques for Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps personnel
stationed at Fort Leonard Wood.
local community leaders led to a decision by the Army to make
Fort Leonard Wood a permanent installation. Military Police and Chemical Schools

© IGIn 1956, the installation was designated the United States s a result of the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure
R 'SArmy Training Center-Engineer. Because of its new status as a decision to close Fort McClellan, Alabama, the United
States Army Military Police School and United States
permanent post, Fort Leonard Wood received substantial funds Army Chemical School (recently renamed the Chemical,
to replace the wooden construction of World War II-era buildings Biological, Radiological and Nuclear [CBRN] School) were
with permanent brick structures. Construction included major directed to relocate to Fort Leonard Wood. In preparation for
their relocation, a three-story general instruction facility was
Y A Dtroop barracks complexes, hundreds of military family units, andbuilt that connected to the existing Engineer School building
and contained state-of-the-art technology, support facilities, and
support and recreational facilities. The construction of the 1950s administrative offices for both schools. Additional construction
to support the Military Police and Chemical Schools included an
P Rand 1960s enabled the post to handle the significant increase in addition to the existing Engineer Museum as well as specialized
training facilities. In 1999, the Military Police and Chemical
training workload brought on by the war in Vietnam. Schools joined the Engineer School to form the Maneuver
Support Center of Excellence.
O AVietnam
War on Terrorism
n 1967, the post trained more than 120,000 Soldiers. Not all
ith the attack on the United States on 11 September
I C N IOof this training involved either basic or engineer training. 2001, the nation entered into a struggle against global
Skill training included such specialties as clerks, cooks, terrorism. Fort Leonard Wood has intensified its
bakers, wiremen, mechanics, and motor vehicle operators.

O DWith the reduction of the Army following the Vietnam War,

the overall number of Soldiers training at the post declined.

EHowever, the composition of Soldiers arriving for engineer
L Utraining changed in the 1970s and early 1980s. By the mid-

1970s, the United States Air Force and United States Marine

TCorps began training their construction equipment operators

at Fort Leonard Wood. The post also began providing engineer

S Wtraining to other nations. In 1982, the 4th Training Brigade was
training engineers from 15 foreign countries. efforts to defeat this new threat. This includes revising doctrine

Engineer School and tactics to meet an asymmetrical threat and building or
improving equipment to support forces. The installation trains

In 1985, Fort Leonard Wood entered yet another phase in and supports units from both the Active Army and Reserve
its history. That year, the Secretary of the Army announced Components, many of which deploy in support of Operations
that the United States Army Engineer School would move Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom.

from Fort Belvoir, Virginia, to Fort Leonard Wood. For years, Dr. Roberts is the historian at the United States Army
the Engineer School had suffered a lack of space for training.
Actually, the Army had looked at moving the Engineer School Engineer School, Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.

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018 TManeuver Support Center of Excellence (MSCoE)
C©OLEP2OYNRAIUGRDHDIO'SFT. LEONARD WOOD MAIN POST CHAPEL

ST GENERAL
LEONARD WOOD
ARMY
COMMUNITY
HOSPITAL

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MUSEUM COMPLEX

The museums are a complex of three museums
representing the contributions of the Military
Police, Chemical Warfare and Engineering
Divisions to the Armed Forces throughout history.
There are both static and interactive displays.
Adjacent to the museum complex is the Fort
Leonard Wood Museum featuring WWII barracks
and armament.

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

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MAIN POST EXCHANGE
and MINI MALL

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHCUDRNIEIDTOOIN'TS

BANK

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DAUGHERTY
BOWLING
ALLEY

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'SCOMMISSARYBURGER KING
POPEYES
CHICKEN

DENTAL
CLINIC

9

DAVIDSON

FITNESS

CENTER

18 TCUNNINGHAM
20 HGYMNASIUM
©OPYRAIGRD'SSWIFT
CLEOSNTUDIOFITNESS CENTER
SHEA

GYMNASIUM

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JOINT SERVICES PARK

Joint Services Park represents all the Armed Services that have trained at Ft. Leonard Wood.

C©OLEPM2EOMY0SORNIRA1TL G8AIRUOGVREDSHDITO'S

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SOLDIER
SERVICE
CENTER

BLD 470. Soldiers center

administrative offices processing
point for records registrations.
2018 HTUSO
C©OLEPOYNRTAIUGRDDIO'STROOP
S MEDICAL
CLINIC

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ABRAMS
THEATER

TCBHAEAK©OLTEERREP2OY0SNR1T8AITURGOORPDHBADRIRTOA'CSKS

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THIRD CHEMICAL BRIGADE HEADQUARTERS

© 20R18IGHT'SFIRST ENGINEER
BRIGADE

Y DHEADQUARTERS
COLEPOSNTAURDIO14TH MP BRIGADE HEADQUARTERS

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BATTALION HEADQUARTERS

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

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WHAT ARE
DRILL

SERGEANTS?

They are the cautioning voice, the helpful hand, the
watchful eye that guides the new soldier through the
strenuous Army Training.

They have gained their knowledge through practical

experience. It is their job to teach, coach, and mentor the
young people who are training to become soldiers.

They are seasoned graduates of the Drill Sergeants
School – A course which reviews all the “Basics” of Initial
Entry Training in a curriculum much more strenuous than

8Initial Entry Training. They wear the Distinctive Mark of a

Graduate of that school – the World War I type campaign

1 That or the Australian Bush hat.
0To the Drill Sergeants at Fort Leonard Wood and the
2 DHproud soldiers they have produced, this book is dedicated.
C©OPYNRAIGSRECRRRGEDIELEIALDNOT'SThe Crest is the symbol of the Army Training Center.
I am a Drill Sergeant.
Before 1958 it was a regimental crest with a maroon
I will assist each individual in their
O Dbackground. In 1958 it was adopted as the training center’s efforts to become a highly
motivated, well disciplined,
crest and the background was changed to green. It was physically and mentally fit Soldier,
capable of defeating any enemy on
Edesigned by the Heraldic Division of the Quartermaster today’s modern battlefield.
L UGeneral’s Office.
I will instill pride in all I train. Pride
The 13 stars represent the Thirteen Original Colonies. in self, in the Army, and in country.

TThe snake is a symbol of preparedness and is grasping the I will insist that each Soldier meets
Sscroll on one end with his mouth and on the other end and maintains the Army’s
with his tail. On the scroll is printed the motto “This We’ll standards of military bearing and
courtesy, consistent with the
highest traditions of the U.S. Army.

I will lead by example, never
requiring a Soldier to attempt any

Defend,” one of the many mottos used in colonial days task I would not do myself.
such as “Don’t Tread On Me,” “Liberty” and many others
which were carried on flags and banners. But First, Last and always, I am an
American Soldier, sworn to defend
The armored breast plate is a symbol of strength and the the constitution of the United
green background is a vestment worn under the armored States against all enemies, both
breast plate. It is called a Jupon which represents the new foreign and domestic.

Army. The torch is a symbol of liberty that shines over all. I am a Drill Sergeant.

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2018 HTGRANT HALL
© IG43RD AG Bn
R 'S(Reception)
Y DPROCESSING
COLEPOSNTAURDIOFOR BASIC

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HAIR CUTS

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BOOTS
& CLOTHING
TROOP STORE

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PHOTO

C©OP2OY0NR18AIGRDHDITO'SPERSONAL
LE UAFFAIRS BRANCH

&

STDEFENSE

ENROLLMENT
ELIGIBILITY
REPORTING
SYSTEM

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8DENTAL, EYE EXAM,
C©OLEP2OY0SNR1TAIUGRDHDITO'SHEARING EXAM & SHOTS

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Initial Entry Training begins with the cracking of a
Drill Sergeant’s voice “Fall In,” as you disembark the
troop transports which have brought you to a new
home. A quick formation and you answer to your
name “Here Drill Sergeant” to let yourself know it is
really you who is there.

“OCFF T©OLO TREPA2INOIYN0SG”NR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

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DRILL
&

CEREMONY

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PHYSICAL TRAINING

A soldier’s training day is not complete without daily physical training. On or off the P.T. field a soldier’s
physical fitness is being honed to a razors edge. On the P.T. Field between 0500 to 0600 hours you can hear
the familiar sounds of repetitions being counted and the echoes of soldiers sounding off with –

“More P.T. Drill Sergeant, More P.T.”

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FIRST AID

Soldiers must be versatile and self-reliant. In the
clamor of battle, and a distance from complete
medical facilities, a life can depend upon the
knowledge of first aid.

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CHEMICAL,
BIOLOGICAL,
RADIOLOGICAL,
NUCLEAR EXERCISE

(CBRNE)

How is a CBRNE attack recognized? How to
protect oneself? The soldier learns the questions
and the answers. Practical training in the use of the
protective mask is an essential part of CBRN training,

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'Sthe training pays off when the word “GAS” is heard.

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MAP READING

Map reading – Teaches the soldier basic principles
of map reading. Included are grid coordinates,
distance, terrain recognition and general knowledge
needed for successful navigation.

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COMMUNICATIONS

Communications – The soldier learns proper use
of radios/telephones currently in use. They also
learn proper transmission procedures, as well as
maintenance of the equipment.

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MODERN ARMY
COMBATIVE (MAC)

MAC teaches close quarter combat
techniques to overcome adversaries no matter
the size. It builds confidence in ones ability to

fightaCndwin. ©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'S

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PUGIL TRAINING

This teaches the Soldier how to use the
rifle as a tool in a close combat situation.

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C©OLEP2DIONY0ISN“CGNHR1FTOAWC8AI”IULIGTYRDHDITO'S

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FIELD CHOW

It becomes apparent about this time that the
conveniences of the dining facility are not always
available to the Army training to fight. If the soldier
trains to fight and work in the field, so must he learn
to eat in the field. With practice and experience it

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'Sbecomessecondnature.

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PHASE II ISSUE

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RIFLE
MARKSMANSHIP

The development of the soldiers’ skills in the use of
the Army’s individual weapon depends entirely on the
soldiers ability to apply the marksmanship skills and

C©OLEP2OY0SNR1T8AIUGRDHDITO'Sprinciples taught and reinforced by the Drill Sergeant.

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8HAND GRENADE
1 TSoldiers learn to identify the different types of
0grenades and how to handle them safely. In addition,
2 Heach soldier is responsible for the deployment of two

live grenades in order to complete this portion of

C©OLEPOYSNRTAIUGRDDIO'Straining.

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U.S. WEAPONS

Here the soldier must become familiar with the
Army’s advanced weapons. Soldiers are taught such
weapons as the M-249 light machine gun (S.A.W.),
the M240B machine gun, the AT-4 rocket launcher,
the M-203 grenade launcher and the M18 Claymore
mine, a directional antipersonnel mine.

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TA 97
CONFIDENCE

COURSE

The Confidence course is a series

of obstacles soldiers negotiate

with their company. This course

gives soldiers confidence in their

mental and physical abilities while

cultivating their spirit of daring. “Warrior
The obstacles vary from easy to Ethos”
difficult testing their balance,
physical strength and mental

8endurance. In addition, the course

offers them perspective on how

1 TBasic Training has helped prepare
C©OLEP2OY0SNRTAIUGRDHDIO'Sthem for live combat situations.

42

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TA 98
PHYSICAL
ENDURANCE COURSE

The physical endurance course helps to develop the
highest degree of individual physical fitness, to include
strength, muscular and cardiorespiratory endurance,
coordination, and basic physical strength.

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TEAMWORK
DEVELOPMENT

COURSE

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WARRIOR TOWER

Testing the Army value of “Personal” Courage. Facing Fear, Danger, or Adversity.

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